Planting method and harvesting method of evodia lepta medicinal material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting, in particular to a planting method and a harvesting method of an evodia lepta medicinal material. The planting method of the evodia lepta medicinal material comprises the following steps that the cut of the first crop of evodia lepta is coated with a growth solution, the growth solution comprises a nutrient element supplement and cytokinin, the concentration of the nutrient element supplement in the growth solution is 1-2 mL / L, and the concentration of the cytokinin in the growth solution is 3-4 mL / L. The nutrient element supplement and the cytokinin are compounded to form the growth solution, the growth solution is smeared on the fracture of the evodia lepta, the tillering of the evodia lepta can be improved, and the yield of the evodia lepta medicinal material is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting, and in particular to a planting method and a harvesting method of Tripterygium wilfordii. Background Art

[0002] Evodia lepta (Spreng.) Merr. is one of the main raw materials for Chinese patent medicines such as the "999 Cold Relief" series and "Sanjiu Weitai", with an annual usage of more than 10,000 tons. The wild medicinal material is mainly distributed in subtropical areas, such as Guangdong, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Fujian, Hainan and other places. Evodia lepta (Spreng.) Merr. is the dried stems and leafy young branches of the Rutaceae plant. In order to ensure the supply of Evodia lepta (Spreng.) Merr. resources, most of them are planted and harvested manually in large quantities to ensure market supply.

[0003] At present, the traditional planting method is generally adopted, and the whole plant is cut down during the harvesting period, and the three-forked bitter medicinal material is obtained by drying it in the sun or in the oven. However, the traditional planting and harvesting methods are not only costly and inefficient, but it is also difficult to ensure the uniformity of the quality of the medicinal materials. The most important thing is that the yield of the three-forked bitter medicinal material is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of low yield of Tripterygium wilfordii in the prior art, thereby providing a planting method and a harvesting method of Tripterygium wilfordii.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a method for planting the medicinal material Tripterygium wilfordii, comprising the following steps: applying a growth liquid to the fracture of a first batch of Tripterygium wilfordii, wherein the growth liquid comprises a nutrient element supplement and a cytokinin, wherein the concentration of the nutrient element supplement in the growth liquid is 1-2 mL / L, and the concentration of the cytokinin is 3-4 mL / L.

[0006] In some of the embodiments, the distance between the fracture of the first cut of the three-pronged bittern and the ground is 3-20 cm, preferably 5-15 cm.

[0007] In some embodiments, the nutrient element supplement is a trace element fertilizer, and the total content of trace elements in the trace element fertilizer is greater than or equal to 100 g / L.

[0008] Preferably, the trace elements in the trace element fertilizer include at least one of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum.

[0009] More preferably, the trace element fertilizer complies with the implementation standard NY 1428-2010.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cytokinin includes benzylaminopurine, and the content of benzylaminopurine in the cytokinin is 3-8 wt %.

[0011] In some of the embodiments, the growth solution is prepared by using a solvent to dissolve the nutrient element supplement and the cytokinin respectively, and then mixing the dissolved nutrient element supplement and the dissolved cytokinin to obtain the growth solution.

[0012] Preferably, the solvent for dissolving the nutrient element supplement or the cytokinin is water.

[0013] In some of the embodiments, the harvest period of Tripterygium wilfordii is from October to December, the planting time of the first crop of Tripterygium wilfordii is more than 3 years, and after the first crop is harvested, the second crop is planted for at least 2 years.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, comprising the steps of slicing and drying the harvested fresh Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, wherein the drying is performed in an alternating manner of drying and dehumidifying.

[0015] Preferably, the fresh and living Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material is the fresh and living Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material obtained by the above-mentioned Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material planting method.

[0016] Preferably, the slice thickness of the fresh and living medicinal material of Tripterygium wilfordii is 2-5 cm.

[0017] In some of the embodiments, before the sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii fresh and living medicinal materials are dried, the step of stacking the sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii fresh and living medicinal materials is also included, and the stacking height is 80-100 cm.

[0018] In some of the embodiments, drying the sliced ​​fresh medicinal material of Tripterygium wilfordii further includes a cold drying step.

[0019] In some embodiments, the storage time of the fresh and live medicinal material of Tripterygium wilfordii is less than or equal to 5 days.

[0020] In some embodiments, the drying temperature is 55-60° C. and the relative humidity is 10-40%.

[0021] In some embodiments, the drying time is 8-16 hours, and the dehumidification time is 3-9 hours.

[0022] In some embodiments, the cold drying temperature is 12-18° C., the relative humidity is 8-15%, and the cold drying time is 0.5-1.5 h.

[0023] Preferably, the drying steps are as follows: drying for 0.5-1.5h at a temperature of 55-65°C and a relative humidity of 25-35%, then dehumidifying for 0.5-1.5h; drying for 0.5-1.5h at a temperature of 55-65°C and a relative humidity of 15-25%, then dehumidifying for 0.5-1.5h; drying for 0.5-1.5h at a temperature of 50-60°C and a relative humidity of 10-20%, then dehumidifying for 0.5-1.5h; drying for 3-5h at a temperature of 55-65°C and a relative humidity of 10-20%, then dehumidifying for 0.5-1.5h; drying for 3-5h at a temperature of 55-65°C and a relative humidity of 8-15%, then dehumidifying for 0.5-1.5h; and cold drying for 0.5-1.5h at a temperature of 10-20°C and a relative humidity of 8-15%.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. A method for planting a trifoliate bitter medicinal material provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: applying a growth liquid to the fracture of the first cut of the trifoliate bitter, wherein the growth liquid comprises a nutrient element supplement and a cytokinin, wherein the concentration of the nutrient element supplement in the growth liquid is 1-2 mL / L, and the concentration of the cytokinin is 3-4 mL / L. The present invention applies the growth liquid formed by compounding the nutrient element supplement and the cytokinin to the fracture of the trifoliate bitter, which can increase the tillering of the trifoliate bitter and increase the yield of the trifoliate bitter medicinal material.

[0026] 2. A method for planting Tripterygium wilfordii provided by the present invention, wherein the distance between the cut end of the first crop of Tripterygium wilfordii and the ground is 3-20 cm, preferably 5-15 cm. The present invention limits the distance between the cut end and the ground, on the one hand, to avoid the cut end being too close to the ground, leading to the invasion of diseases, and on the other hand, to avoid the cut end being too high, leading to the tillering main stem being close to the lenticels of the Tripterygium wilfordii, causing the temperature of lodging, thereby achieving an increase in the yield of Tripterygium wilfordii.

[0027] 3. The present invention provides a method for planting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material, wherein the preparation method of the growth solution is to use water to dissolve the nutrient element supplement and the cytokinin respectively, and then mix the dissolved nutrient element supplement and the dissolved cytokinin to obtain the growth solution. The present invention first completely dissolves the nutrient element supplement and then dissolves the cytokinin to avoid the incompatibility of adding the two agents at the same time, which fails to achieve the effect of promoting the tillering of Tripterygium wilfordii and shortening the planting time.

[0028] 4. The present invention provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, comprising the following steps: slicing and drying the harvested fresh Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, wherein the drying is performed by alternating drying and dehumidification. The drying method provided by the present invention better retains the effective ingredients (heat-sensitive ingredients) in the medicinal materials, effectively removes moisture while maintaining the color of the medicinal materials, reduces damage to the cell structure of the medicinal materials, and thus maintains the quality of the medicinal materials. The present invention uses an alternating drying and dehumidification method to dry fresh Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, which can not only improve the efficiency of drying the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, but also increase the content of the extract of the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, while effectively controlling the water content in the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials to ensure the uniformity of the quality of the medicinal materials.

[0029] 5. The present invention provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, which includes a step of piling the sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii fresh medicinal materials before drying them, wherein the piling height is 80-100 cm. If the piling medicinal materials is higher than 100 cm, the drying time is longer than 15 hours, and the energy consumption is higher; if the piling medicinal materials is lower than 80 cm, the drying time does not change much, but the total amount of processed medicinal materials is reduced, and the effective utilization rate of energy consumption is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart of a method for growing Tripterygium wilfordii provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the best mode of implementation, nor to limit the content and protection scope of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the inspiration of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior arts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified in the examples, the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in the field can be used. If no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional reagent products that can be obtained commercially.

[0034] The nutrient element supplement in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention is a trace element water-soluble fertilizer (germination agent) produced by Henan Qingnonghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0035] The cytokinin was purchased from Henan Beiser Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., wherein the mass fraction of the active ingredient benzylaminopurine was 5%.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] See also Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for planting Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are as follows:

[0038] (1) Plant Tripterygium wilfordii in March of the first year. Apply 0.5-1.0 kg of commercial organic fertilizer as base fertilizer before planting. Weed and loosen the soil and apply compound fertilizer in June and November of each year after planting. The fertilizer application rate is 100-150 g / plant. No serious diseases and insect pests are found in the field, and generally no pesticides are used for control.

[0039] (2) After dissolving the nutrient supplement and the cytokinin respectively with water, the dissolved nutrient supplement and the dissolved cytokinin are mixed to obtain a growth solution, wherein the concentration of the nutrient supplement (produced by Henan Qingnonghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (trace element water-soluble fertilizer)) in the growth solution is 1 mL / L, and the concentration of the cytokinin (produced by Henan Beiser Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. (active ingredient content: benzylaminopurine 5%)) is 3 mL / L.

[0040] (3) In December of the third year of planting trifoliate sophora japonica, cut the trifoliate sophora japonica flat on a plane 15 cm above the ground, and apply a layer of growth liquid on the cut surface. Later, weeding and loosening the soil and applying compound fertilizer were carried out in June and November each year, with an application rate of 120 g per plant. No serious diseases and insect pests were found in the field, and generally no pesticides were used for control.

[0041] (4) The Tripterygium wilfordii was harvested in December of the third year after the application of the growth solution. The harvesting method was still to cut the Tripterygium wilfordii flat at a height of 15 cm from the ground and apply a layer of growth solution on the cut surface.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment provides a method for planting Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are as follows:

[0044] (1) Plant Tripterygium wilfordii in April of the first year. Apply 0.5-1.0 kg of commercial organic fertilizer as base fertilizer before planting. Weed and loosen the soil and apply compound fertilizer in June and November of each year after planting. The fertilizer application rate is 100-150 g / plant. No serious diseases and insect pests are found in the field, and generally no pesticides are used for control.

[0045] (2) After dissolving the nutrient supplement and the cytokinin respectively with water, the dissolved nutrient supplement and the dissolved cytokinin are mixed to obtain a growth solution, wherein the concentration of the nutrient supplement (produced by Henan Qingnonghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (trace element water-soluble fertilizer)) in the growth solution is 2 mL / L, and the concentration of the cytokinin (produced by Henan Beiser Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. (active ingredient content: benzylaminopurine 5%)) is 3 mL / L.

[0046] (3) In November of the third year of planting trifoliate sophora japonica, cut the trifoliate sophora japonica flat on a plane 10 cm above the ground, and apply a layer of growth liquid on the cut surface. Later, weeding and loosening the soil and applying compound fertilizer in June and November each year respectively, with an application rate of 100-150g / plant. If no serious diseases and insect pests are found in the field, no pesticides are generally used for control.

[0047] (4) The Tripterygium wilfordii was harvested in November of the third year after the application of the growth solution. The harvesting method was still to cut the Tripterygium wilfordii flat at a height of 10 cm from the ground and apply a layer of growth solution on the cut surface.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] This embodiment provides a method for planting Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are as follows:

[0050] (1) Plant Tripterygium wilfordii in March of the first year. Apply 0.5-1.0 kg of commercial organic fertilizer as base fertilizer before planting. Weed and loosen the soil and apply compound fertilizer in June and November of each year after planting. The fertilizer application rate is 100-150 g / plant. No serious diseases and insect pests are found in the field, and generally no pesticides are used for control.

[0051] (2) The nutrient element supplement and the cytokinin are mixed to obtain a growth solution, wherein the concentration of the nutrient element supplement (produced by Henan Qingnonghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (trace element water-soluble fertilizer)) in the growth solution is 2 mL / L, and the concentration of the cytokinin (produced by Henan Beiser Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. (active ingredient content: benzylaminopurine 5%)) is 4 mL / L.

[0052] (3) In December of the third year of planting trifoliate sophora japonica, cut the trifoliate sophora japonica flat on the ground 5 cm above the ground, and apply a layer of growth liquid on the cut surface. Later, weeding and loosening the soil and applying compound fertilizer in June and November each year respectively, with an application rate of 100-150g / plant. If no serious diseases and insect pests are found in the field, no pesticides are generally used for control.

[0053] (4) The Tripterygium wilfordii was harvested in December of the third year after the application of the growth solution. The harvesting method was still to cut the Tripterygium wilfordii flatly at a height of 5 cm from the ground and apply a layer of growth solution on the cut surface.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for planting the medicinal material Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1, except that in step (2), the Tripterygium wilfordii is cut down at a height of 3 cm from the ground.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for planting the medicinal material Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1, except that in step (2), the Tripterygium wilfordii is cut down at a height of 20 cm from the ground.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] This comparative example provides a method for planting Tripterygium wilfordii, the specific steps and parameters of which are the same as those of Example 1, except that, after felling in step (3), no growth liquid is applied to the felled surface.

[0060] That is, (3) in December of the third year of planting trifoliate sophora japonica, the trifoliate sophora japonica should be cut flat at a height of 15 cm from the ground. In the later period, weeding, soil loosening and compound fertilizer application should be carried out in June and November of each year, with the fertilizer application rate of 120 g / plant. No serious pests and diseases were found in the field, and no pesticides were generally used for control.

[0061] Comparative Example 2

[0062] This comparative example provides a method for growing Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1, except that the growth liquid in step (2) does not contain nutrient element supplements.

[0063] That is, (1) a cytokinin concentration of 3 mL / L is used as the growth medium.

[0064] Comparative Example 3

[0065] This comparative example provides a method for growing Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1, except that the growth solution in step (2) does not contain cytokinin.

[0066] That is, (1) a nutrient element supplement having a concentration of 1 mL / L is used as the growth medium.

[0067] Comparative Example 4

[0068] This comparative example provides a method for growing Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1, except that the concentration of the nutrient element supplement in the growth solution is 0.5 mL / L.

[0069] Comparative Example 5

[0070] This comparative example provides a method for growing Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1, with the only difference being that the concentration of the nutrient element supplement in the growth solution in step (2) is 2.5 mL / L.

[0071] Comparative Example 6

[0072] This comparative example provides a method for growing Tripterygium wilfordii, the specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1, the only difference being that the concentration of cytokinin in the growth solution in step (2) is 2.5 mL / L.

[0073] Comparative Example 7

[0074] This comparative example provides a method for growing Tripterygium wilfordii, and the specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1, with the only difference being that the concentration of the nutrient element supplement in the growth solution in step (2) is 4.5 mL / L.

[0075] Application Example 1

[0076] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii herbs. The specific steps and parameters are as follows:

[0077] The fresh and living Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material harvested in step (4) of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-7 was sliced ​​using a slicer, the thickness of the slices being 5 mm, the fresh and living Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material harvested being stored for 5 days, the sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material slices being stacked in an intelligent air-energy heat pump integrated drying equipment room, the stacking height being 100 cm, and the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material slices being dried according to the following drying procedure to obtain the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material.

[0078] The drying procedures were as follows: the first stage, using the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60 °C, 30 RH% humidity, drying for 1 h, and dehumidification for 1 h;

[0079] In the second stage, the drying and dehumidification mode was adopted, at 60°C, 20RH% humidity, drying for 1h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0080] The third stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 55°C, 15RH%, drying for 1h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0081] The fourth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60°C, 15RH% humidity, drying for 4h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0082] The fifth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60°C, 10RH% humidity, drying for 4h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0083] The sixth stage adopts the cold drying mode at 15°C, 10RH% humidity, and the cold drying time is 1h.

[0084] The dried Tripterygium wilfordii herbs are conveyed to an independent packaging area by a conveyor belt for cooling and then packaged in food-grade yellow double-layer woven bags. Each bag of herbs is quantitatively packaged, labeled and transported to a warehouse for storage. The quantitative packaging of Tripterygium wilfordii herbs is 40kg / bag.

[0085] Application Example 2

[0086] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii herbs. The specific steps and parameters are as follows:

[0087] The fresh and living medicinal materials of Tripterygium wilfordii harvested in step (4) of Example 2 were sliced ​​using a slicer, the thickness of the slices being 4 mm, and the harvested fresh and living medicinal materials of Tripterygium wilfordii being stored for 4 days. The sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials were stacked in an intelligent air-energy heat pump integrated drying equipment room, with a stacking height of 90 cm, and the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials were dried according to the following drying procedure to obtain Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials.

[0088] The drying procedures were as follows: the first stage, using the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60 °C, 30 RH% humidity, drying for 1 h, and dehumidification for 1 h;

[0089] In the second stage, the drying and dehumidification mode was adopted, at 60°C, 20RH% humidity, drying for 1h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0090] The third stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 55°C, 15RH%, drying for 1h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0091] The fourth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60°C, 15RH% humidity, drying for 4h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0092] The fifth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60°C, 10RH% humidity, drying for 4h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0093] In the sixth stage, the cold drying mode was adopted at 15°C, 10RH% humidity, and dehumidification for 1 hour.

[0094] The dried Tripterygium wilfordii herbs are conveyed to an independent packaging area by a conveyor belt for cooling and then packaged in food-grade yellow double-layer woven bags. Each bag of herbs is quantitatively packaged, labeled and transported to a warehouse for storage. The quantitative packaging of Tripterygium wilfordii herbs is 40kg / bag.

[0095] Application Example 3

[0096] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii herbs. The specific steps and parameters are as follows:

[0097] The fresh and living medicinal materials of Tripterygium wilfordii harvested in step (4) of Example 3 were sliced ​​using a slicer, the thickness of the slices being 2 mm, and the harvested fresh and living medicinal materials of Tripterygium wilfordii being stored for 3 days. The sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials were stacked in an intelligent air-energy heat pump integrated drying equipment room, with a stacking height of 80 cm, and the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials were dried according to the following drying procedure to obtain Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials.

[0098] The drying procedures were as follows: the first stage, using the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60 °C, 30 RH% humidity, drying for 1 h, and dehumidification for 1 h;

[0099] In the second stage, the drying and dehumidification mode was adopted, at 60°C, 20RH% humidity, drying for 1h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0100] The third stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 55°C, 15RH%, drying for 1h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0101] The fourth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60°C, 15RH% humidity, drying for 4h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0102] The fifth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 60°C, 10RH% humidity, drying for 4h and dehumidification for 1h;

[0103] In the sixth stage, the cold drying mode was adopted at 15°C, 10RH% humidity, and dehumidification for 1 hour.

[0104] The dried Tripterygium wilfordii herbs are conveyed to an independent packaging area by a conveyor belt for cooling and then packaged in food-grade yellow double-layer woven bags. Each bag of herbs is quantitatively packaged, labeled and transported to a warehouse for storage. The quantitative packaging of Tripterygium wilfordii herbs is 40kg / bag.

[0105] Application Example 4

[0106] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii. The specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Application Example 1, except that the fresh Tripterygium wilfordii is the fresh Tripterygium wilfordii obtained by being cut flat at a height of 15 cm from the ground in step (3) of Example 1 (the first batch of Tripterygium wilfordii harvested, i.e., the Tripterygium wilfordii cut before applying the growth liquid).

[0107] Application Example 5

[0108] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii. The specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Application Example 1. The difference is that a sun room is used to dry the Tripterygium wilfordii slices for 60 hours.

[0109] Application Example 6

[0110] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii. The specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Application Example 1. The difference is that the drying program is a constant temperature drying and dehumidification mode, drying at 40°C for 1 hour and dehumidifying for 1 hour, for a total of 50 hours.

[0111] Application Example 7

[0112] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii. The specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Application Example 1. The difference is that the drying program is a constant temperature drying and dehumidification mode, drying at 60°C for 1 hour and dehumidifying for 1 hour, for a total of 35 hours.

[0113] Application Example 8

[0114] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials. The specific steps and parameters are the same as those in Application Example 1, except that the drying procedure is a constant temperature cold drying mode, cold drying at 15°C for 80 hours.

[0115] Application Example 9

[0116] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii herbs. The specific steps and parameters are as follows:

[0117] The fresh and living medicinal materials of Tripterygium wilfordii harvested in step (4) of Example 1 were sliced ​​using a slicer, the thickness of the slices being 5 mm, and the harvested fresh and living medicinal materials of Tripterygium wilfordii being stored for 5 days. The sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials were stacked in an intelligent air-energy heat pump integrated drying equipment room, with a stacking height of 100 cm, and the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials were dried according to the following drying procedure to obtain Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials.

[0118] The drying procedures were as follows: the first stage, using the drying and dehumidification mode, at 55°C, 35RH% humidity, drying for 1.5h and dehumidification for 0.5h;

[0119] In the second stage, the drying and dehumidification mode was adopted, at 65°C, 15RH% humidity, drying for 1.5h and dehumidification for 0.5h;

[0120] In the third stage, the drying and dehumidification mode was adopted, at 50°C, 20RH% humidity, drying for 0.5h and dehumidification for 1.5h;

[0121] The fourth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 65°C, 10RH% humidity, drying for 3h and dehumidification for 1.5h;

[0122] The fifth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 55°C, 15RH%, drying for 5h and dehumidification for 0.5h;

[0123] In the sixth stage, the cold drying mode was adopted at 20°C, 8RH% humidity, and the cold drying time was 1.5h.

[0124] The dried Tripterygium wilfordii herbs are conveyed to an independent packaging area by a conveyor belt for cooling and then packaged in food-grade yellow double-layer woven bags. Each bag of herbs is quantitatively packaged, labeled and transported to a warehouse for storage. The quantitative packaging of Tripterygium wilfordii herbs is 40kg / bag.

[0125] Application Example 10

[0126] This application example provides a method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii herbs. The specific steps and parameters are as follows:

[0127] The fresh and living Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material harvested in step (3) of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-7 was sliced ​​using a slicer, the thickness of the slices being 5 mm, the harvested fresh and living Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material being stored for 5 days, the sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material slices being stacked in an intelligent air-energy heat pump integrated drying equipment room, the stacking height being 100 cm, and the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material slices being dried according to the following drying procedure to obtain the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material.

[0128] The drying procedures were as follows: the first stage, using the drying and dehumidification mode, at 65°C, 25RH% humidity, drying for 0.5h and dehumidification for 1.5h;

[0129] In the second stage, the drying and dehumidification mode was adopted, at 55°C, 25RH% humidity, drying for 0.5h and dehumidification for 1.5h;

[0130] In the third stage, the drying and dehumidification mode was adopted, at 60°C, 10RH% humidity, drying for 1.5h and dehumidification for 0.5h;

[0131] The fourth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 55°C, 20RH% humidity, drying for 5h and dehumidification for 0.5h;

[0132] The fifth stage adopts the drying and dehumidification mode, at 65°C, 8RH% humidity, drying for 3h and dehumidification for 1.5h;

[0133] In the sixth stage, the cold drying mode was adopted at 10°C, 15RH% humidity, and the cold drying time was 0.5h.

[0134] The dried Tripterygium wilfordii herbs are conveyed to an independent packaging area by a conveyor belt for cooling and then packaged in food-grade yellow double-layer woven bags. Each bag of herbs is quantitatively packaged, labeled and transported to a warehouse for storage. The quantitative packaging of Tripterygium wilfordii herbs is 40kg / bag.

[0135] Experimental Example 1

[0136] For the Tripterygium wilfordii planted in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-7, the number of tillers at the base of the main stem at the cut site of the Tripterygium wilfordii was counted in March of the following year after the application of the growth solution, and the yield of the medicinal materials after harvesting in the third year after the application of the growth solution (the year of application of the growth solution was the first year, and the year of harvesting was the third year) and the mold rate of the harvested medicinal materials after temporary storage for 5 days (after the medicinal materials became moldy during the temporary storage, there was a layer of black mold on the surface, and the mold rate = the number of moldy medicinal materials / the total number of medicinal materials × 100) were tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0137] Table 1 Test results of Tripterygium wilfordii

[0138]

[0139] According to the data in Table 1, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, the growth solution formed by nutrient element supplements and cytokinins in the present invention has a synergistic effect in promoting the number of trifoliate bitter branches and the growth of new roots. Among them, Comparative Example 1 has fewer new branches due to the lack of growth solution, and the branches dry up and die in the later growth process.

[0140] Compared with comparative examples 4-7, when the concentration of the nutrient element supplement in the growth solution is controlled to be 1-2 mL / L and the concentration of the cytokinin is controlled to be 3-4 mL / L, the growth of the number of branches and new roots of the trifoliate bittern is significantly promoted. Therefore, the growth solution formed by the nutrient element supplement and the cytokinin in the present invention can effectively increase the number of second-crop branches, the number of new roots and the second-crop medicinal material yield of the trifoliate bittern.

[0141] Compared with Examples 4-5, when the main stem left after felling is less than 5 cm from the ground, the branches of the new tillers will be easily infected by diseases. When the main stem left after felling is more than 20 cm from the ground, the branches will be prompted to tiller at the lenticels at the high position of the main stem foot, thereby causing the base of the new branches to lodging, affecting the yield of the second crop of Tripterygium wilfordii. The present invention limits the felling distance to 5-20 cm from the ground, reduces the problems of disease infection and lodging during the planting process of Tripterygium wilfordii, thereby increasing the yield of the second crop of Tripterygium wilfordii.

[0142] Meanwhile, according to the traditional planting method, the harvesting cycle of Tripterygium wilfordii is three years. According to the planting method provided by the present invention, the application of the growth liquid is the first step in the current year, and Tripterygium wilfordii can be harvested in the third year. It can be seen that the planting method provided by the present invention can shorten the harvesting cycle to 2 years.

[0143] Experimental Example 2

[0144] Corresponding to Examples 1-8, the moisture content, extract, ash content and drying cost of the dried Tripterygium wilfordii were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0145] Among them, the detection method of water content of Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material: take 5g of the test sample. If the diameter or length of the test sample exceeds 3mm, it should be quickly made into particles or fragments with a diameter or length not exceeding 3mm before weighing, and spread flat in a flat weighing bottle dried to constant weight, with a thickness not exceeding 5mm, and the loose test sample not exceeding 10mm, accurately weighed, open the bottle cap and dry at 102±2℃ for 5 hours, cover the bottle cap, move to a dryer, cool for 30 minutes, accurately weighed, and then dried at the above temperature for 1 hour, cool, and weigh until the difference between two consecutive weighings does not exceed 5mg. According to the lost weight, calculate the water content (%) in the test sample, the water content (%) of the test sample = lost weight g / total weight of the test sample g×100.

[0146] Detection method of medicinal material extracts - hot leaching method: Take about 2g of the test sample, weigh it accurately, put it in a 250mL conical flask, add 50mL of ethanol accurately, plug it tightly, weigh it, let it stand for 1 hour, connect a reflux condenser, heat it to boiling, and keep it boiling for 1 hour. After cooling, remove the conical flask, plug it tightly, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with ethanol, shake it well, filter it with a drying filter, accurately measure 25mL of the filtrate, put it in an evaporating dish that has been dried to constant weight, evaporate it on a water bath, dry it at 105℃ for 3 hours, cool it in a desiccator for 30 minutes, quickly weigh it accurately, and calculate the content (%) of alcohol-soluble extracts in the test sample based on the dry product, unless otherwise specified. The content (%) of the extract = dry product weight g / test sample weight g×100.

[0147] Detection method of medicinal material ash content: Total ash determination method The sample to be determined must be crushed to pass through the No. 2 sieve. After mixing evenly, take 2g of the sample (if the acid-insoluble ash needs to be determined, take 5g of the sample), place it in a crucible with constant weight, weigh it (accurate to 0.01g), slowly heat it, pay attention to avoid burning, and when it is completely carbonized, gradually increase the temperature to 500℃ to make it completely ash and constant weight. According to the weight of the residue, calculate the total ash content (%) in the sample. If the sample is not easy to ash, the crucible can be cooled, and 2mL of hot water or 10% ammonium nitrate solution can be added to moisten the residue, and then placed in a water bath to evaporate. The residue is ignited according to the previous method until the contents of the crucible are completely ashed. The total ash content (%) in the sample = residue weight g / test sample weight g×100.

[0148] Calculation method of medicinal material drying cost (excluding outsourcing testing costs for medicinal materials):

[0149] Drying cost = energy cost of dryer × drying time + operator salary cost + other expenses

[0150] Table 2 Test results of dried Tripterygium wilfordii

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] According to the data in Table 3, compared with Application Examples 5-8, the present invention adopts a stage drying method to dry the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material, which can significantly increase the extract of the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material, reduce the ash content and water content of the medicinal material, and reduce the processing cost.

[0154] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting Tripterygium wilfordii, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Apply growth liquid to the cut ends of the first three-fork bittern. The growth solution includes nutrient element supplements and cytokinins, wherein the concentration of the nutrient element supplements in the growth solution is 1-2 mL / L, and the concentration of the cytokinins is 3-4 mL / L.

2. The method for planting the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the fracture of the first cut of three-pronged bittern and the ground is 3-20 cm, preferably 5-15 cm.

3. The method for planting the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nutrient element supplement is a trace element fertilizer, and the total content of trace elements in the trace element fertilizer is greater than or equal to 100g / L. The trace elements in the trace element fertilizer include at least one of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum; and / or, The cytokinin comprises benzylaminopurine, and the content of benzylaminopurine in the cytokinin is 3-8wt%; and / or, The preparation method of the growth liquid comprises the following steps: using a solvent to dissolve the nutrient element supplement and the cytokinin respectively, and then mixing the dissolved nutrient element supplement and the dissolved cytokinin to obtain the growth liquid.

4. The method for planting the Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The harvest period of Tripterygium wilfordii is from October to December. The first crop of Tripterygium wilfordii is planted more than 3 years later. The second crop is planted at least 2 years after the first crop was harvested; and / or, The solvent for dissolving the nutrient supplement or the cytokinin is water.

5. A method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal materials, characterized in that: The following steps are included: The harvested fresh herbs of Tripterygium wilfordii are sliced ​​and dried. The drying is carried out in an alternating manner of drying and dehumidifying.

6. The method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fresh and living Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material is the fresh and living Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material obtained by the planting method of Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to any one of claims 1 to 4; and / or, The slice thickness of the fresh and live Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material is 2-5 cm.

7. The method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before the sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii fresh and living medicinal materials are dried, the method further comprises the step of piling the sliced ​​Tripterygium wilfordii fresh and living medicinal materials, wherein the piling height is 80-100 cm.

8. The method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drying of the sliced ​​fresh Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material further comprises a step of cold drying; and / or, The storage time of the fresh and live Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material is less than or equal to 5 days.

9. The method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drying temperature is 55-60°C and the relative humidity is 10-40%; and / or, The drying time is 8-16 hours, and the dehumidification time is 3-9 hours; and / or, The cold drying temperature is 12-18° C., the relative humidity is 8-15%, and the cold drying time is 0.5-1.5 h.

10. The method for harvesting Tripterygium wilfordii medicinal material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The drying steps are as follows: Dry for 0.5-1.5 hours at a temperature of 55-65°C and a relative humidity of 25-35%, then dehumidify for 0.5-1.5 hours. Dry for 0.5-1.5 hours at a temperature of 55-65°C and a relative humidity of 15-25%, then dehumidify for 0.5-1.5 hours. Dry for 0.5-1.5 hours at a temperature of 50-60°C and a relative humidity of 10-20%, then dehumidify for 0.5-1.5 hours. Dry for 3-5 hours at a temperature of 55-65°C and a relative humidity of 10-20%, then dehumidify for 0.5-1.5 hours. Dry for 3-5 hours at a temperature of 55-65°C and a relative humidity of 8-15%, then dehumidify for 0.5-1.5 hours. Cold drying for 0.5-1.5h at a temperature of 10-20℃ and a relative humidity of 8-15%.

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