Fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire disposal and preparation method and application of fluoride-free aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluoride-free aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire disposal as well as a preparation method and an application of the fluoride-free aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent. The fluoride-free aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire disposal comprises 5-22% of a surfactant, 1-12% of a thickening agent, 1-5% of an anti-freezing agent, 0.1-0.5% of a preservative and the balance of water, and the total percentage is 100%. The surfactant is composed of an organosilicon nonionic surfactant DOWSIL 5211, an anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, an anionic surfactant AOS, and an anionic surfactant SDS. The prepared foam extinguishing agent has the rapid spreading performance when actual foam liquid falls onto the surface of transformer oil, so that the surface of combustible materials is cooled, oxygen is isolated, the combustible materials are prevented from volatilizing, the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent with the organic silicon surfactant as the core component effectively extinguishes transformer oil fire, and the fire extinguishing effect is good. Pollution of PFOS to the environment is avoided, and the catalyst can be normally used under the condition that the air temperature is-20 DEG C or above; and the raw materials are nontoxic and degradable, and do not pollute the environment after being used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing materials, and in particular relates to a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent (AFFF) is named because it can spontaneously spread on the surface of oil to form a dense water film. This water film can not only cool the fuel surface, but also extinguish fires by isolating oxygen and preventing fuel evaporation. Therefore, it is considered to be one of the most effective fire extinguishing agents for extinguishing oil fires. The key ingredient that makes this type of foam fire extinguishing agent spread spontaneously is fluorosurfactant, which has extremely strong surface activity and can make the foam liquid spread spontaneously driven by surface / interfacial tension. However, because PFOS produced in the production process of fluorosurfactants is toxic and difficult to degrade, traditional long-chain fluorosurfactants have been gradually banned by developed countries.

[0003] At present, the research and development of environmentally friendly surfactants mainly relies on two technical routes: one is not to add fluorine-containing ingredients, and the other is to use non-toxic short-chain surfactants to replace harmful ingredients. Although a large number of general-purpose aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agents have been involved in existing patents and market products, they cannot be guaranteed to spread spontaneously on different types of oils used in actual production and life. For example, some foaming agents perform well in surface / interfacial tension tests, but they cannot spread spontaneously when dripped onto the surface of transformer oil.

[0004] In view of this situation, the present invention proposes a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent with an organosilicon surfactant as a core component, which aims to effectively extinguish transformer oil fires while avoiding PFOS pollution to the environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems that the fire extinguishing agent in the prior art cannot spread spontaneously when applied to the transformer oil surface, has poor environmental performance, and has insufficient anti-burning and anti-reignition capabilities, the present invention provides a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment, a preparation method and an application thereof. The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment, comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 5-22% surfactant, 1-12% thickener, 1-5% antifreeze agent, 0.1-0.5% preservative, and the balance being water, a total of 100%; The surfactant is composed of an organic silicon nonionic surfactant DOWSIL 5211, an anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, an anionic surfactant AOS, and an anionic surfactant SDS.

[0006] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the organosilicon nonionic surfactant DOWSIL 5211, the anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, the anionic surfactant AOS, and the anionic surfactant SDS is 30~57:20~41:1~25:1~25.

[0007] Furthermore, the thickener is one or more of xanthan gum, polyethylene glycol, and sodium polyacrylate.

[0008] Furthermore, the antifreeze agent is a mixture of ethylene glycol and glycerol, and the ratio of ethylene glycol to glycerol is 1:5~5:1.

[0009] Furthermore, the preservative is kason.

[0010] In the present invention, the preparation method of the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment comprises the following steps: (1) Control the water temperature at 20-25°C, add surfactant, and stir for 3-10 minutes; (2) Add thickener and stir for 1 to 3 hours until the solution becomes clear; (3) Add antifreeze agent and preservative and stir for 15-30 minutes to obtain a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment.

[0011] Furthermore, the stirring speed is 600-1200 rpm.

[0012] In the present invention, the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment is used in transformer oil fire treatment.

[0013] Beneficial Effects The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment prepared by the present invention can ensure that the foam liquid has the performance of rapid spreading when it falls on the transformer oil surface, thereby cooling the combustible surface, isolating oxygen, and preventing the combustible from volatilizing. The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent with an organic silicon surfactant as a core component is designed to effectively extinguish transformer oil fire while avoiding PFOS pollution to the environment. It can be used normally under the condition of temperature above -20°C; and the raw materials are non-toxic and degradable, and will not pollute the environment after use. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0015] Example 1 (1) Surfactant component: composed of silicone nonionic surfactant DOWSIL 5211, anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, anionic surfactant AOS, and anionic surfactant SDS, with a weight ratio of 45:31:10:14; (2) Add 68.5 parts of deionized water to the stirrer and control the temperature at 20°C; (3) Slowly add 20 parts of the surfactant prepared in step (1) into the stirrer and stir at 1000 rpm for 10 min; (4) Slowly add 8 parts of thickener polyethylene glycol into the stirrer and continue stirring at 1000 rpm for 3 h until the solution is clear and free of precipitation; (5) Add 0.5 parts of antifreeze agent (2.5 parts of glycerin + 0.5 parts of ethylene glycol) and 0.5 parts of preservative Kasson into a blender and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment.

[0016] Example 2 (1) Surfactant component: composed of silicone nonionic surfactant DOWSIL 5211, anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, anionic surfactant AOS, and anionic surfactant SDS, with a weight ratio of 57:40:2:1; (2) Add 60.7 parts of deionized water to the stirrer and control the temperature at 20°C; (3) Slowly add 22 parts of the surfactant prepared in step (1) into the stirrer and stir at 1000 rpm for 10 min; (4) Slowly add 12 parts of thickener polyethylene glycol into the stirrer and continue stirring at 1000 rpm for 3 h until the solution is clear and free of precipitation; (5) Add 0.5 parts of antifreeze agent (0.8 parts of glycerol + 4 parts of ethylene glycol) and 0.5 parts of preservative Kasson into a blender and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment.

[0017] Comparative Example 1 (1) Surfactant component: composed of silicone nonionic surfactant DOWSIL 5211, anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, anionic surfactant AOS, and anionic surfactant SDS, with a weight ratio of 57:40:2:1; (2) Add 60.7 parts of deionized water to the stirrer and control the temperature at 20°C; (3) Slowly add 22 parts of the surfactant prepared in step (1) into the stirrer and stir at 1000 rpm for 10 min; (4) Slowly add 12 parts of thickener polyethylene glycol into the stirrer and continue stirring at 1000 rpm for 3 hours until the solution is clear and free of precipitation to obtain a foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0018] Comparative Example 2 (1) Surfactant component: composed of anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, anionic surfactant AOS, and anionic surfactant SDS, with a weight ratio of 40:2:1; (2) Add 60.7 parts of deionized water to the stirrer and control the temperature at 20°C; (3) Slowly add 22 parts of the surfactant prepared in step (1) into the stirrer and stir at 1000 rpm for 10 min; (4) Slowly add 12 parts of thickener polyethylene glycol into the stirrer and continue stirring at 1000 rpm for 3 h until the solution is clear and free of precipitation; (5) Add 0.5 parts of antifreeze agent (0.8 parts of glycerol + 4 parts of ethylene glycol) and 0.5 parts of preservative Kasson into a blender and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0019] Performance testing: The performance of the foam fire extinguishing agents prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 As shown in Table 1, in terms of spreading performance, since Comparative Example 2 does not contain an organosilicon surfactant, its spreading coefficient is significantly lower than that of other samples. In the spreading experiment in the oil pan, the time for Comparative Example 2 to completely cover the oil pan is significantly slower than that of other samples. In terms of freezing point, since Comparative Example 1 does not contain an antifreeze component, its freezing temperature is close to that of water, and the freezing points of the other samples containing antifreeze components are close to -10°C. In terms of fire extinguishing and anti-burning performance, Example 1 has the best effect. Since Comparative Example 2 does not contain an organosilicon surfactant, its fire extinguishing and anti-burning performances are the worst.

Claims

1. A fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: surfactant 5-22%, thickener 1-12%, antifreeze agent 1-5%, preservative 0.1-0.5%, and the balance is water, which is 100% in total; The surfactant is composed of an organic silicon nonionic surfactant DOWSIL 5211, an anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, an anionic surfactant AOS and an anionic surfactant SDS.

2. The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the organosilicon nonionic surfactant DOWSIL 5211, the anionic surfactant docusate sodium DSS, the anionic surfactant AOS, and the anionic surfactant SDS is 30-57:20-41:1-25:1-25.

3. The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickener is one or more of xanthan gum, polyethylene glycol and sodium polyacrylate.

4. The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze agent is a mixture of ethylene glycol and glycerol, and the ratio of ethylene glycol to glycerol is 1:5-5:

1.

5. The fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservative is kason.

6. A method for preparing a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Control the water temperature at 20-25°C, add surfactant, and stir for 3-10 minutes; (2) Add thickener and stir for 1 to 3 hours until the solution becomes clear; (3) Add antifreeze agent and preservative and stir for 15-30 minutes to obtain a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment.

7. The method for preparing a fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stirring speed is 600~1200rpm.

8. Use of the fluorine-free aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent suitable for transformer oil fire treatment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in transformer oil fire treatment.

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