Automatic tool changing system for improving machining precision of numerical control machine tool and application of automatic tool changing system

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic tool changing system for improving the machining precision of a numerical control machine tool and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool equipment. The tool changing system comprises a workbench, mechanical arms A, mechanical arms B, a rotating shaft A, double clamps, a tool temporary storage mechanism and tool magazines, the rotating shaft A is arranged in the middle of the workbench through a protruding rail, the mechanical arms A are symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the rotating shaft A, the tool magazines are symmetrically arranged at one end of the workbench, and the tool temporary storage mechanism is arranged on one sides of the tool magazines. A mechanical arm B is arranged on the ground on one side of the tool temporary storage mechanism, double clamps are arranged at the output end of the mechanical arm A and the output end of the mechanical arm B, and tools are clamped by the double clamps. The problems that an existing tool changing system is insufficient in precision, low in speed and the like are solved, the machining efficiency and quality are improved, and the modern precision machining requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of a numerical control machine tool and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of machine tool equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the processing of high-precision parts such as complex surfaces, due to their complex structure and high precision requirements, multi-process and multi-tool processing is usually required. Traditional processing methods often rely on manual tool changing or simple automatic tool changing equipment. However, when processing high-precision parts such as complex surfaces, manual tool changing often leads to uneven clamping force distribution due to different force modes of operators or defects in the clamping mechanism itself, which directly affects the stability of the tool, causing vibration or offset during the processing, and further affecting the processing accuracy. The traditional automatic tool changing system may have deviations during repeated positioning due to imperfect positioning structure design, resulting in inaccurate installation and positioning of the tool on the spindle. Both will cause the error to be amplified when processing the same batch of parts, making the parts processing inaccurate or even producing waste, and cannot meet the high-precision and efficient production needs.

[0003] High-precision parts are usually made of high-strength materials, and the processing requires the tool to have good wear resistance and cutting performance. However, during the processing, the tool will inevitably have problems such as wear and chipping. Especially in high-precision processing, even slight tool wear can lead to dimensional accuracy deviation. Therefore, how to effectively monitor the tool status and frequently replace the tool during processing has become one of the key factors in improving processing accuracy and production efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to design an automatic system that can reliably change tools under high-precision and high-efficiency conditions, which can not only ensure the high positioning accuracy of the tool during processing, but also shorten the tool change time, thereby improving the processing quality and overall processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools, which solves the problems of insufficient accuracy and slow speed in the existing tool changing systems, improves machining efficiency and quality, and meets the needs of modern precision machining.

[0005] The present invention also provides an application of the automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of a numerically controlled machine tool.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of a CNC machine tool comprises a workbench, a mechanical arm A, a mechanical arm B, a rotating shaft A, a double fixture, a tool temporary storage mechanism and a tool magazine, wherein: A rotating shaft A is arranged in the middle of the workbench through a convex rail, a mechanical arm A is symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the rotating shaft A, a tool magazine is symmetrically arranged at one end of the workbench, a tool temporary storage mechanism is arranged on one side of the tool magazine, a mechanical arm B is arranged on the ground on one side of the tool temporary storage mechanism, and double clamps are arranged at the output ends of the mechanical arm A and the mechanical arm B, and the double clamps hold the tools; The double clamp includes a mechanical finger, a support column and a V-shaped clamp. The output ends of both the mechanical arm A and the mechanical arm B are provided with a mechanical finger. A support column is fixedly provided in the middle of the mechanical finger, and a V-shaped clamp is provided on the support column.

[0007] Preferably according to the present invention, the V-shaped clamp includes a driving motor, a clamping plate, a half gear, a threaded shaft and a positioning pin. The interior of the support column is hollow, and the driving motor is fixedly installed inside the support column. A threaded shaft is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, and a positioning pin is arranged on the lower side of the threaded shaft. At least 3 half gears are evenly distributed on the bottom of the support column to form a stable clamping. The half gears are meshingly connected with the threaded shaft, and a clamping plate is arranged on the toothless side of the half gear.

[0008] Preferably according to the present invention, a wedge-shaped column is provided at the bottom of the tool, a centering groove is provided at the top of the wedge-shaped column, and the inner diameter of the centering groove is the same as the outer diameter of the positioning pin.

[0009] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the bottom of the clamping plate is clamped to the bottom of the wedge-shaped column, the positioning pin is located at the bottom of the centering groove to axially limit the tool.

[0010] According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool magazine includes a rotating motor, a tool holder, a clamp, a rotating shaft B and a bottom plate, a rotating motor is embedded in the workbench, the top of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating shaft B, the middle of the rotating shaft B is fixed to the workbench through the bottom plate, a tool holder is arranged on the top of the rotating shaft B, and a plurality of clamps are evenly arranged on the tool holder. The clamp is an existing tool clamping device.

[0011] Preferably, according to the present invention, the tool temporary storage mechanism includes a tool measuring instrument, a tool fixing block and an electric telescopic rod. The tool fixing block is hollow inside, and a plurality of electric telescopic rods are evenly distributed around the tool fixing block. The tool fixing block is also provided with a tool measuring instrument. A guide groove is provided on the workbench below the tool fixing block, and a tool recovery box is provided at the bottom of the guide groove. After the tool measuring instrument detects that the tool is worn and cannot be used, the electric telescopic rod is retracted and no longer clamps the tool. The tool falls into the guide groove under the action of gravity to recover the old tool.

[0012] Preferably, according to the present invention, a base is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft A, and a convex rail is slidably connected to the bottom of the base through a slide. When in use, the rotating shaft A can be rotated by manually pushing it, or a conventional slide drive mechanism can be set on the base, and the rotating shaft A can be driven to move by a motor, gear, rack or other mechanism. The movement mode is not limited and can be freely set.

[0013] The application of the automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools is as follows: (1) Double clamps are installed at the output ends of robot arm A and robot arm B respectively. The two robot arms B move to the top of the two tool magazines respectively. The double clamps clamp the tools. Robot arm B moves to place the two tools in the two tool temporary storage mechanisms respectively. The electric telescopic rod extends to clamp and fix the tools. Then the double clamps release the tools and robot arm B resets. (2) The rotating shaft A moves to one side of the tool temporary storage mechanism, and a robot arm A drives the double clamp to clamp the tool in the first tool temporary storage mechanism. The electric telescopic rod retracts, and the robot arm A moves to the processing station for processing; (3) After the processing is completed, robot arm A places the processed tool in the first tool temporary storage mechanism. At the same time, the other robot arm A uses a double clamp to clamp the tool in the second tool temporary storage mechanism and continues to the next step of processing. The tool placement and tool removal are carried out simultaneously, avoiding the vibration and inaccurate positioning problems caused by multiple tool removal and placement processes.

[0014] According to the present invention, further preferably, the steps of clamping the tool and releasing the tool with the double clamp are: The threaded shaft rotates, driving the half gear to rotate, thereby opening the clamping plate, and then inserting the positioning pin into the centering groove. The threaded shaft rotates in the opposite direction, driving the clamping plate to clamp inward. When the clamping plate is clamped to the bottom of the wedge column, the threaded shaft stops rotating. At this time, the positioning pin presses against the bottom of the centering groove, completing the first clamping. Then the mechanical fingers retract for the second clamping. After the tool is placed in the tool temporary storage mechanism, the mechanical fingers are released, the threaded shaft rotates, driving the clamping plate to open, and then the positioning pin withdraws from the centering groove and releases the tool.

[0015] Preferably, according to the present invention, in step (3), the processed tool is placed in a tool temporary storage mechanism, and a tool measuring instrument detects the tool wear. When the tool wear exceeds a set condition, the electric telescopic rod is released, and the tool falls into the tool recovery box through the guide groove. At the same time, the robot arm B clamps a new tool from the tool magazine and places it in the tool temporary storage mechanism.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention installs a positioning pin on the double clamp and a centering groove on the tool, so that when the tool approaches the clamp, the centering groove and the positioning pin are automatically aligned, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy of the tool. At the same time, the bottom of the tool is designed to be wedge-shaped, and the inclined surface of the V-shaped clamping plate fits with the wedge-shaped column of the tool. Double positioning ensures the installation accuracy of the tool.

[0017] 2. The mechanical fingers and double clamps of the present invention both adopt multi-point uniform contact to reduce the positioning error caused by single-point clamping. At the same time, double clamping is adopted to improve the system stability while ensuring the processing accuracy.

[0018] 3. The tool magazine, robot arm A, robot arm B and tool temporary storage mechanism of the present invention are each provided with two, so that the tool placement and tool taking actions can be performed simultaneously, thus avoiding the problems of repeated positioning errors, vibration and inaccurate positioning caused by multiple tool taking and placing in the traditional tool changing method, thereby improving the processing accuracy and the production efficiency at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tool magazine of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the double clamp structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a front view schematic diagram of the double clamp of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the V-shaped clamp structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the tool structure of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threaded shaft of the present invention; Among them: 1. Robotic arm A; 2. Automatic cleaning equipment; 3. Robotic arm B; 4. Tool temporary storage mechanism; 5. Tool magazine; 6. Tool measuring instrument; 7. Convex rail; 8. Workbench; 9. Rotating shaft A; 10. Output end; 11. Base; 12. Slide; 13. Robotic finger; 14. Support column; 15. V-shaped fixture; 16. Tool; 41. tool fixing block; 42. guide groove; 51. Clamp; 52. Rotating shaft B; 53. Bottom plate; 54. Knife holder; 141, half gear; 142, threaded shaft; 143, positioning pin; 151, clamping plate; 161. Centering groove; 162. Wedge-shaped column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0021] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools, including a workbench 8, a robot arm A1, a robot arm B3, a rotating shaft A9, a double clamp, a tool temporary storage mechanism 4 and a tool magazine 5, wherein: A rotating shaft A9 is arranged in the middle of the workbench 8 through the convex rail 7, a mechanical arm A1 is symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the rotating shaft A9, a tool magazine 5 is symmetrically arranged at one end of the workbench 8, a tool temporary storage mechanism 4 is arranged on one side of the tool magazine 5, a mechanical arm B3 is arranged on the ground on one side of the tool temporary storage mechanism 4, and a double clamp is arranged at the output end of the mechanical arm A1 and the mechanical arm B3, and the double clamp holds a tool 16; The double clamp includes a mechanical finger 13, a support column 14 and a V-shaped clamp 15. The output ends 10 of the mechanical arms A1 and B3 are both provided with mechanical fingers 13. A support column 14 is fixedly provided in the middle of the mechanical finger 13, and a V-shaped clamp 15 is provided on the support column 14.

[0022] The V-shaped clamp 15 includes a driving motor, a clamping plate 151, a half gear 141, a threaded shaft 142 and a positioning pin 143. The support column 14 is hollow inside, and the driving motor is fixedly installed inside the support column 14. The threaded shaft 142 is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, and the positioning pin 143 is arranged on the lower side of the threaded shaft 142. Four half gears 141 are evenly distributed on the bottom of the support column 14 to form a stable clamping. The half gear 141 is meshed and connected with the threaded shaft 142, and the clamping plate 151 is arranged on the toothless side of the half gear 141.

[0023] A wedge-shaped column 162 is disposed at the bottom of the tool 16 , and a centering groove 161 is disposed at the top of the wedge-shaped column 162 . The inner diameter of the centering groove 161 is the same as the outer diameter of the positioning pin 143 .

[0024] When the bottom of the clamping plate 151 is clamped to the bottom of the wedge-shaped column 162, the positioning pin 143 is located at the bottom of the centering groove 161 to limit the axial position of the tool.

[0025] The tool magazine 5 includes a rotating motor, a tool holder 54, a clamp 51, a rotating shaft B52 and a bottom plate 53. The workbench 8 is embedded with a rotating motor, the top of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating shaft B52, the middle of the rotating shaft B52 is fixed to the workbench 8 through the bottom plate 53, the top of the rotating shaft B52 is provided with a tool holder 54, and a plurality of clamps 51 are evenly arranged on the tool holder 54. The clamp 51 is an existing tool clamping device.

[0026] The tool temporary storage mechanism 4 includes a tool measuring instrument 6, a tool fixing block 41 and an electric telescopic rod. The tool fixing block 41 is hollow inside, and a plurality of electric telescopic rods are evenly arranged around the tool fixing block 41. The tool fixing block 41 is also provided with a tool measuring instrument 6. A guide groove 42 is provided on the workbench 8 at the lower part of the tool fixing block 41, and a tool recovery box is provided at the bottom of the guide groove 42. After the tool measuring instrument 6 detects that the tool is worn and cannot be used, the electric telescopic rod is retracted and no longer clamps the tool 16. The tool 16 falls into the guide groove 42 under the action of gravity to recover the old tool.

[0027] A base 11 is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft A9, and a convex rail 7 is slidably connected to the bottom of the base 11 through a slide 12. When in use, the rotating shaft A9 can be rotated by manually pushing it, or a conventional slide drive mechanism can be set on the base 11, and the rotating shaft A9 can be driven to move by a motor, gear, rack or other mechanism. The movement mode is not limited and can be freely set.

[0028] When in use, an automatic cleaning device 2 can also be set on one side of the robot arm B3. For the used tools, the robot arm B3 will transport the used tools 16 to the automatic cleaning device 2, clean and dry them, and then transport them back to the tool magazine.

[0029] The application of the automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools is as follows: (1) Double clamps are installed at the output ends of robot arm A1 and robot arm B3 respectively. The two robot arms B3 move to the top of the two tool magazines 5 respectively. The double clamps clamp the tools 16. The robot arm B3 moves to place the two tools 16 in the two tool temporary storage mechanisms 4 respectively. The electric telescopic rod extends to clamp and fix the tools 16. Then the double clamps release the tools 16 and the robot arm B3 resets. (2) The rotating shaft A9 moves to the side of the tool temporary storage mechanism 4, and a robot arm A1 drives the double clamp to clamp the tool 16 in the first tool temporary storage mechanism. The electric telescopic rod retracts, and the robot arm A1 moves to the processing station to perform processing; (3) After the processing is completed, the robot arm A1 places the processed tool 16 in the first tool temporary storage mechanism. At the same time, the other robot arm A1 uses a double clamp to clamp the tool 16 in the second tool temporary storage mechanism and continues to the next step of processing. The tool placement and tool removal are carried out simultaneously, avoiding the vibration and inaccurate positioning problems caused by multiple tool removal and placement processes.

[0030] The steps for double clamping and releasing the tool are as follows: The threaded shaft 142 rotates, driving the half gear 141 to rotate, thereby opening the clamping plate 151, and then inserting the positioning pin 143 into the centering groove 161. The threaded shaft 142 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the clamping plate 151 to clamp inward. When the clamping plate 151 is clamped to the bottom of the wedge-shaped column 162, the threaded shaft 142 stops rotating. At this time, the positioning pin 143 presses against the bottom of the centering groove 161, completing the first clamping. Then the mechanical finger 13 contracts to perform the second clamping. After the tool 16 is placed in the tool temporary storage mechanism 4 , the mechanical finger 13 is released, the threaded shaft 142 rotates, driving the clamping plate 151 to open, and then the positioning pin 143 withdraws from the centering groove, releasing the tool 16 .

[0031] In step (3), the processed tool 16 is placed in the tool temporary storage mechanism 4, and the tool measuring instrument 6 detects the tool wear. When it exceeds the set condition, the electric telescopic rod is released, and the tool 16 falls into the tool recovery box through the guide groove 42. At the same time, the robot arm B3 clamps a new tool 16 from the tool magazine and places it in the tool temporary storage mechanism 4.

[0032] The above embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. Any equivalent changes made to the present invention within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools, characterized in that: It includes a workbench, a robot arm A, a robot arm B, a rotating shaft A, a double fixture, a tool temporary storage mechanism and a tool magazine, wherein: A rotating shaft A is arranged in the middle of the workbench through a convex rail, a mechanical arm A is symmetrically arranged on the upper side of the rotating shaft A, a tool magazine is symmetrically arranged at one end of the workbench, a tool temporary storage mechanism is arranged on one side of the tool magazine, a mechanical arm B is arranged on the ground on one side of the tool temporary storage mechanism, and double clamps are arranged at the output ends of the mechanical arm A and the mechanical arm B, and the double clamps hold the tools; The double clamp includes a mechanical finger, a support column and a V-shaped clamp. The output ends of both the mechanical arm A and the mechanical arm B are provided with a mechanical finger. A support column is fixedly provided in the middle of the mechanical finger, and a V-shaped clamp is provided on the support column.

2. The automatic tool changing system for improving machining accuracy of CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped clamp includes a driving motor, a clamping plate, a half gear, a threaded shaft and a positioning pin. The support column is hollow inside, and the driving motor is fixed inside the support column. A threaded shaft is arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, and a positioning pin is arranged on the lower side of the threaded shaft. At least three half gears are evenly distributed at the bottom of the support column, and the half gears are meshed and connected with the threaded shaft, and a clamping plate is arranged on the toothless side of the half gear.

3. The automatic tool changing system for improving machining accuracy of CNC machine tools as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A wedge-shaped column is arranged at the bottom of the tool, a centering groove is arranged at the top of the wedge-shaped column, and the inner diameter of the centering groove is the same as the outer diameter of the positioning pin.

4. The automatic tool changing system for improving machining accuracy of CNC machine tools as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When the bottom of the clamping plate is clamped to the bottom of the wedge-shaped column, the locating pin is located at the bottom of the centering groove.

5. The automatic tool changing system for improving machining accuracy of CNC machine tools as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The tool magazine includes a rotating motor, a tool holder, a clamp, a rotating shaft B and a base plate. The workbench is embedded with a rotating motor, the top of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating shaft B, the middle part of the rotating shaft B is fixed to the workbench through the base plate, the top of the rotating shaft B is provided with a tool holder, and a number of clamps are evenly distributed on the tool holder.

6. The automatic tool changing system for improving machining accuracy of CNC machine tools as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The tool temporary storage mechanism includes a tool measuring instrument, a tool fixing block and an electric telescopic rod. The tool fixing block is hollow inside, and multiple electric telescopic rods are evenly distributed around the tool fixing block. The tool fixing block is also provided with a tool measuring instrument. A guide groove is provided on the workbench at the lower part of the tool fixing block, and a tool recovery box is provided at the bottom of the guide groove.

7. The automatic tool changing system for improving machining accuracy of CNC machine tools as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A base is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft A, and a convex rail is slidably connected to the bottom of the base through a slideway.

8. The application of the automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: Here are the steps: (1) Double clamps are installed at the output ends of robot arm A and robot arm B respectively. The two robot arms B move to the top of the two tool magazines respectively. The double clamps clamp the tools. Robot arm B moves to place the two tools in the two tool temporary storage mechanisms respectively. The electric telescopic rod extends to clamp and fix the tools. Then the double clamps release the tools and robot arm B resets. (2) The rotating shaft A moves to one side of the tool temporary storage mechanism, and a robot arm A drives the double clamp to clamp the tool in the first tool temporary storage mechanism. The electric telescopic rod retracts, and the robot arm A moves to the processing station for processing; (3) After the processing is completed, robot arm A places the processed tool in the first tool temporary storage mechanism. At the same time, another robot arm A uses a double clamp to clamp the tool in the second tool temporary storage mechanism and continue to the next step of processing. The tool placement and tool removal are carried out simultaneously.

9. The application of the automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The steps for double clamping and releasing the tool are as follows: The threaded shaft rotates, driving the half gear to rotate, thereby opening the clamping plate, and then inserting the positioning pin into the centering groove. The threaded shaft rotates in the opposite direction, driving the clamping plate to clamp inward. When the clamping plate is clamped to the bottom of the wedge column, the threaded shaft stops rotating. At this time, the positioning pin presses against the bottom of the centering groove, completing the first clamping. Then the mechanical fingers retract for the second clamping. After the tool is placed in the tool temporary storage mechanism, the mechanical fingers are released, the threaded shaft rotates, driving the clamping plate to open, and then the positioning pin withdraws from the centering groove and releases the tool.

10. The application of the automatic tool changing system for improving the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In step (3), the processed tool is placed in the tool temporary storage mechanism, and the tool measuring instrument detects the tool wear. When it exceeds the set condition, the electric telescopic rod is released, and the tool falls into the tool recovery box through the guide groove. At the same time, the robot arm B clamps a new tool from the tool magazine and places it in the tool temporary storage mechanism.

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