Manufacturing method of high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model, which belongs to the technical field of human body medicine and animal teaching models, and comprises the following steps of: manufacturing a mold by overturning the mold, manufacturing a gel coat, closing the mold, pouring, opening the mold and trimming. According to the method, a real specimen is directly used as a model seed for model turning and copying, so that the problem of form distortion is avoided; materials used for injection molding are silicon rubber and white glass fibers or polypropylene fibers, the texture of the silicon rubber is similar to the hardness of a real specimen, and the fibers are arranged in longitudinal rows and embedded in the silicon rubber and are very similar to a real specimen in the aspect of anatomical observation; according to the invention, a real object specimen can be copied in form, and the texture and tissue structure are close to those of the real object specimen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of human medicine and animal teaching models, and in particular to a method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model. Background Art

[0002] The tendons and aponeurosis in existing human medicine and animal teaching models have the disadvantages of distortion in morphology, texture and tissue structure compared with the tendons and aponeurosis in real specimens. The specific reasons are as follows: most of the existing human medicine and animal teaching models are sculpted according to real specimens or atlases, and then the molds are reproduced. This method often has morphological distortion problems when sculpting the molds; during injection molding, one of the materials such as gypsum, resin, PVC, etc. is often used as the injection molding material. These materials are relatively hard, while the real specimens are relatively soft compared with them; the tendons and aponeurosis in the real specimens are mainly composed of fibers arranged in longitudinal rows. The course of the fiber bundles can be seen by anatomical observation, while the existing models only carve textures similar to their course on the surface, which are too distorted compared with the real specimens. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model to solve the problem that the tendons and aponeurosis in existing human medicine and animal teaching models are distorted in morphology, texture, and tissue structure.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: A method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model, comprising the following steps: making a mold by re-molding, making a gel coat, closing the mold, pouring, opening the mold and trimming; The film turning mold making method comprises the following steps: (1) Select a dissected human or animal specimen containing tendons and aponeurosis and place it on a plate larger than the specimen, with the long axis of the specimen parallel to the plate surface; (2) Fill the lower half of the specimen with plasticine until it reaches the level of the specimen's midline. The filled midline level should be 5 cm greater than the specimen's edge. (3) Apply a thin layer of vaseline on the surface of the specimen not covered by the plasticine and on the horizontal surface of the plasticine; (4) Weigh the liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent into it. The ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:15-25; put the prepared liquid silicone rubber into a vacuum chamber and evacuate it; (5) Apply liquid silicone rubber to the horizontal surface of the specimen and the plasticine; (6) After the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, cover its surface with gauze; (7) Repeat step (4); (8) Apply liquid silicone rubber on gauze; after the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, apply a thin layer of vaseline on its surface; (9) Prepare FRP resin: Take epoxy resin and add epoxy resin curing agent; (10) Apply the prepared FRP resin to the surface of the cured silicone rubber coat. When the FRP resin has been formed but not completely cured, cover the surface with FRP cloth; (11) Repeat step (9); (12) Apply the prepared FRP resin to the surface of the FRP cloth and leave it for 10-14 hours to allow it to fully cure; (13) After the FRP resin is completely cured, half of the mold is completed; (14) Turn over the mold halves, the specimen, the plasticine, and the flat plate underneath so that the flat plate is at the top instead of the bottom. Remove the flat plate and the plasticine to expose the specimen. (15) Making the other half of the mold, the making method and steps are the same as steps (3) to (13); (16) After the FRP resin is completely cured, separate the upper and lower parts of the mold and take out the specimen; (17) Use an electric drill to drill a hole at the mold joint. This hole will serve as the pouring port. Use scissors and an angle grinder to trim the mold. The mold is now complete.

[0005] Wherein, the physical specimen is an immersion specimen or a plasticized specimen.

[0006] In the step (4) of turning over the film to make the mold, the vacuum degree of the vacuum is between -0.08 and -0.1 MPa, and the time is 30-60 seconds.

[0007] Wherein, the preparation of gel coat comprises the following steps: (1) Use a brush to apply a thin layer of vaseline as a release agent on the inner surface of the mold; (2) Use scissors to cut the fibers into corresponding lengths according to the length of the tendon or aponeurosis on the specimen; (3) Take liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent, the ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:20-30; (4) Immerse the spare fiber in the prepared liquid silicone rubber and place the two together in a vacuum chamber to evacuate the vacuum; (5) The fibers after dipping are laid on the corresponding positions on the inner surface of the mold according to the position of the tendon in the specimen and its fiber path; (6) According to the colors of other tissues in the specimen, prepare liquid silicone rubber of the corresponding color, add silicone rubber curing agent, and apply it to the corresponding position on the inner surface of the mold after vacuuming. The curing agent addition ratio and vacuuming method are the same as steps (3) and (4). After the liquid silicone rubber is cured, the gel coat is completed.

[0008] In the step (4) of making the gel coat, the vacuum degree of the vacuum is between -0.08 and -0.1 MPa, and the time is 30-60 seconds.

[0009] Wherein, the fiber is white glass fiber or polypropylene fiber.

[0010] Among them, the film closing specifically refers to closing the molds together after the gel coat is made.

[0011] Among them, pouring specifically refers to pouring foam glue into the mold after the mold is closed.

[0012] The mold body is opened to open the mold and take out the model after the foam glue is cured.

[0013] Among them, the finishing is specifically to trim the mold marks with scissors. According to the color around the pouring mouth, take the liquid silicone rubber of the corresponding color and add the curing agent, mix them evenly and use them to repair the pouring mouth. After the liquid silicone rubber at the repaired part is cured, the model is completed.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention directly uses the real specimen as a mold for re-molding, thus avoiding the problem of morphological distortion; the materials used for injection molding are silicone rubber and white glass fiber or polypropylene fiber. The texture of silicone rubber is similar to the hardness of the real specimen. The fibers are arranged in longitudinal rows and embedded in the silicone rubber, which is very similar to the real specimen in terms of anatomical observation. The present invention can replicate the real specimen in terms of morphology and is close to the real specimen in terms of texture and tissue structure.

[0015] (2) Compared with the real specimens, the model produced by the present invention has the advantages of being easy to preserve, non-toxic, tasteless, low cost, and no restrictions on the raw materials required for production, which is conducive to the popularization of the product and more convenient for school teachers and students to use. Compared with ordinary models, the morphological structure, texture hardness, tissue composition and other aspects are closer to the real specimens, avoiding the disadvantages of ordinary model distortion, so that students will not cause cognitive bias due to the distortion of the reference model when learning related knowledge, which is more conducive to the teaching of human medicine and animal related knowledge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a finished product picture of the highly realistic tendon aponeurosis model made in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following embodiments are provided for a better understanding of the present invention, but are not limited to the best mode of implementation, and do not limit the content and protection scope of the present invention. Any product identical or similar to the present invention obtained under the inspiration of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior arts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] In the following examples, the silicone rubber curing agent was purchased from Hangzhou Jessica Chemical Co., Ltd., with a brand name of ND22; the epoxy resin curing agent was purchased from Jinan Chenghao Chemical Co., Ltd., with a brand name of T31. The foaming glue poured into the mold is a polyurethane prepolymer. Example 1

[0019] This embodiment provides a method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model, comprising the following steps: 1. Film making mold: (1) Select a physical specimen of human or animal medicine containing tendons and aponeurosis after dissection and place it on a flat plate larger than the specimen, with the long axis of the specimen parallel to the plate surface; the physical specimen is an immersion specimen; (2) Fill the lower half of the specimen with plasticine until it reaches the level of the specimen's midline. The filled midline level should be 5 cm greater than the specimen's edge. (3) Apply a thin layer of vaseline on the surface of the specimen not covered by the plasticine and on the horizontal surface of the plasticine; (4) Weigh the liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent into it, the ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:20; put the prepared liquid silicone rubber into a vacuum chamber and evacuate the vacuum to -0.09 MPa for 45 seconds; (5) Apply liquid silicone rubber to the horizontal surface of the specimen and the plasticine; (6) After the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, cover its surface with gauze; (7) Repeat step (4); (8) Apply liquid silicone rubber on gauze; after the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, apply a thin layer of vaseline on its surface; (9) Prepare FRP resin: Take epoxy resin and add epoxy resin curing agent; (10) Apply the prepared FRP resin to the surface of the cured silicone rubber coat. When the FRP resin has been formed but not completely cured, cover the surface with FRP cloth; (11) Repeat step (9); (12) Apply the prepared FRP resin on the surface of the FRP cloth and leave it for 12 hours to allow it to completely cure; (13) After the FRP resin is completely cured, half of the mold is completed; (14) Turn over the mold halves, the specimen, the plasticine, and the flat plate underneath so that the flat plate is at the top instead of the bottom. Remove the flat plate and the plasticine to expose the specimen. (15) Making the other half of the mold, the making method and steps are the same as steps (3) to (13); (16) After the FRP resin is completely cured, separate the upper and lower parts of the mold and take out the specimen; (17) Use an electric drill to drill a hole at the mold joint. This hole will serve as the pouring port. Use scissors and an angle grinder to trim the mold. The mold is now complete.

[0020] 2. Make gel coat: (1) Use a brush to apply a thin layer of vaseline as a release agent on the inner surface of the mold; (2) Use scissors to cut the fibers into corresponding lengths according to the length of the tendon or aponeurosis on the specimen; (3) Take liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent, the ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:25; (4) Immerse the spare fiber in the prepared liquid silicone rubber, and put the two together into a vacuum chamber for evacuation. The vacuum degree is -0.1 MPa and the time is 30 seconds. (5) The fibers after dipping are laid on the corresponding positions on the inner surface of the mold according to the position of the tendon in the specimen and its fiber path; (6) According to the colors of other tissues in the specimen, prepare liquid silicone rubber of the corresponding color, add silicone rubber curing agent, and apply it to the corresponding position on the inner surface of the mold after vacuuming. The curing agent addition ratio and vacuuming method are the same as steps (3) and (4). After the liquid silicone rubber is cured, the gel coat is completed.

[0021] In the step (4) of making the gel coat, the vacuum degree of the vacuum is -0.09 MPa and the time is 45 seconds.

[0022] Wherein, the fiber is white glass fiber or polypropylene fiber.

[0023] 3. Mold closing: After the gel coat is made, the molds are closed together to complete the mold closing.

[0024] 4. Pouring: Pouring refers to pouring foam into the mold after the mold is closed.

[0025] 5. Mold opening: After the foam glue is cured, open the mold and take out the model.

[0026] 6. Trimming: Use scissors to trim the mold marks. According to the color of the surrounding area of ​​the pouring port, take the corresponding color of liquid silicone rubber and the curing agent, mix them evenly, and use them to repair the pouring port. After the liquid silicone rubber at the repaired part is cured, the model is completed. Figure 1 shown. Example 2

[0027] This embodiment provides a method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model, comprising the following steps: 1. Film making mold: (1) Select a physical specimen of human or animal medicine containing tendons and aponeurosis after dissection and place it on a flat plate larger than the specimen, with the long axis of the specimen parallel to the plate surface; the physical specimen is a plasticized specimen; (2) Fill the lower half of the specimen with plasticine until it reaches the level of the specimen's midline. The filled midline level should be 5 cm greater than the specimen's edge. (3) Apply a thin layer of vaseline on the surface of the specimen not covered by the plasticine and on the horizontal surface of the plasticine; (4) Weigh the liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent into it, the ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:15; put the prepared liquid silicone rubber into a vacuum chamber and evacuate the vacuum to -0.08MPa for 60s; (5) Apply liquid silicone rubber to the horizontal surface of the specimen and the plasticine; (6) After the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, cover its surface with gauze; (7) Repeat step (4); (8) Apply liquid silicone rubber on gauze; after the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, apply a thin layer of vaseline on its surface; (9) Prepare FRP resin: Take epoxy resin and add epoxy resin curing agent; (10) Apply the prepared FRP resin to the surface of the cured silicone rubber coat. When the FRP resin has been formed but not completely cured, cover the surface with FRP cloth; (11) Repeat step (9); (12) Apply the prepared FRP resin to the surface of the FRP cloth and leave it for 14 hours to allow it to completely cure; (13) After the FRP resin is completely cured, half of the mold is completed; (14) Turn over the mold halves, the specimen, the plasticine, and the flat plate underneath so that the flat plate is at the top instead of the bottom. Remove the flat plate and the plasticine to expose the specimen. (15) Making the other half of the mold, the making method and steps are the same as steps (3) to (13); (16) After the FRP resin is completely cured, separate the upper and lower parts of the mold and take out the specimen; (17) Use an electric drill to drill a hole at the mold joint. This hole will serve as the pouring port. Use scissors and an angle grinder to trim the mold. The mold is now complete.

[0028] 2. Make gel coat: (1) Use a brush to apply a thin layer of vaseline as a release agent on the inner surface of the mold; (2) Use scissors to cut the fibers into corresponding lengths according to the length of the tendon or aponeurosis on the specimen; (3) Take liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent, the ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:20; (4) Immerse the spare fiber in the prepared liquid silicone rubber, and put the two together into a vacuum chamber for evacuation. The vacuum degree is -0.1 MPa and the time is 30 seconds. (5) The fibers after dipping are laid on the corresponding positions on the inner surface of the mold according to the position of the tendon in the specimen and its fiber path; (6) According to the colors of other tissues in the specimen, prepare liquid silicone rubber of the corresponding color, add silicone rubber curing agent, and apply it to the corresponding position on the inner surface of the mold after vacuuming. The curing agent addition ratio and vacuuming method are the same as steps (3) and (4). After the liquid silicone rubber is cured, the gel coat is completed.

[0029] Wherein, the fiber is white glass fiber or polypropylene fiber.

[0030] 3. Mold closing: After the gel coat is made, the molds are closed together to complete the mold closing.

[0031] 4. Pouring: Pouring refers to pouring foam into the mold after the mold is closed.

[0032] 5. Mold opening: After the foam glue is cured, open the mold and take out the model.

[0033] 6. Finishing: Use scissors to trim the mold marks. According to the color around the pouring port, take the corresponding color of liquid silicone rubber and curing agent, mix them evenly and use them to repair the pouring port. After the liquid silicone rubber at the repaired part is cured, the model is completed. Example 3

[0034] This embodiment provides a method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model, comprising the following steps: 1. Film making mold: (1) Select a physical specimen of human or animal medicine containing tendons and aponeurosis after dissection and place it on a flat plate larger than the specimen, with the long axis of the specimen parallel to the plate surface; the physical specimen is an immersion specimen; (2) Fill the lower half of the specimen with plasticine until it reaches the level of the specimen's midline. The filled midline level should be 5 cm greater than the specimen's edge. (3) Apply a thin layer of vaseline on the surface of the specimen not covered by the plasticine and on the horizontal surface of the plasticine; (4) Weigh the liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent into it, the ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:25; put the prepared liquid silicone rubber into a vacuum chamber and evacuate the vacuum to -0.1MPa for 30s; (5) Apply liquid silicone rubber to the horizontal surface of the specimen and the plasticine; (6) After the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, cover its surface with gauze; (7) Repeat step (4); (8) Apply liquid silicone rubber on gauze; after the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, apply a thin layer of vaseline on its surface; (9) Prepare FRP resin: Take epoxy resin and add epoxy resin curing agent; (10) Apply the prepared FRP resin to the surface of the cured silicone rubber coat. When the FRP resin has been formed but not completely cured, cover the surface with FRP cloth; (11) Repeat step (9); (12) Apply the prepared FRP resin on the surface of the FRP cloth and leave it for 10 hours to allow it to completely cure; (13) After the FRP resin is completely cured, half of the mold is completed; (14) Turn over the mold halves, the specimen, the plasticine, and the flat plate underneath so that the flat plate is at the top instead of the bottom. Remove the flat plate and the plasticine to expose the specimen. (15) Making the other half of the mold, the making method and steps are the same as steps (3) to (13); (16) After the FRP resin is completely cured, separate the upper and lower parts of the mold and take out the specimen; (17) Use an electric drill to drill a hole at the mold joint. This hole will serve as the pouring port. Use scissors and an angle grinder to trim the mold. The mold is now complete.

[0035] 2. Make gel coat: (1) Use a brush to apply a thin layer of vaseline as a release agent on the inner surface of the mold; (2) Use scissors to cut the fibers into corresponding lengths according to the length of the tendon or aponeurosis on the specimen; (3) Take liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent, the ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:30; (4) Immerse the spare fiber in the prepared liquid silicone rubber, and put the two together into a vacuum chamber for evacuation. The vacuum degree is -0.08 MPa and the time is 60 seconds. (5) The fibers after dipping are laid on the corresponding positions on the inner surface of the mold according to the position of the tendon in the specimen and its fiber path; (6) According to the colors of other tissues in the specimen, prepare liquid silicone rubber of the corresponding color, add silicone rubber curing agent, and apply it to the corresponding position on the inner surface of the mold after vacuuming. The curing agent addition ratio and vacuuming method are the same as steps (3) and (4). After the liquid silicone rubber is cured, the gel coat is completed.

[0036] Wherein, the fiber is white glass fiber or polypropylene fiber.

[0037] 3. Mold closing: After the gel coat is made, the molds are closed together to complete the mold closing.

[0038] 4. Pouring: Pouring refers to pouring foam into the mold after the mold is closed.

[0039] 5. Mold opening: After the foam glue is cured, open the mold and take out the model.

[0040] 6. Finishing: Use scissors to trim the mold marks. According to the color around the pouring port, take the corresponding color of liquid silicone rubber and curing agent, mix them evenly and use them to repair the pouring port. After the liquid silicone rubber at the repaired part is cured, the model is completed.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalent technical solutions.

Claims

1. A method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model, characterized in that The following steps are included: mold making, gel coat making, mold closing, pouring, mold opening and trimming; The film turning mold making method comprises the following steps: (1) Select a dissected human or animal specimen containing tendons or aponeuroses and place it on a plate larger than the specimen, with the long axis of the specimen parallel to the plate surface; (2) Fill the lower half of the specimen with plasticine until it reaches the level of the specimen's midline. The filled midline level should be 5 cm greater than the specimen's edge. (3) Apply a thin layer of vaseline on the surface of the specimen not covered by the plasticine and on the horizontal surface of the plasticine; (4) Weigh the liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent into it. The ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:15-25; put the prepared liquid silicone rubber into a vacuum chamber and evacuate it; (5) Apply liquid silicone rubber to the horizontal surface of the specimen and the plasticine; (6) After the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, cover its surface with gauze; (7) Repeat step (4); (8) Apply liquid silicone rubber on gauze; after the liquid silicone rubber solidifies, apply a thin layer of vaseline on its surface; (9) Prepare FRP resin: Take epoxy resin and add epoxy resin curing agent; (10) Apply the prepared FRP resin to the surface of the cured silicone rubber coat. When the FRP resin has been formed but not completely cured, cover the surface with FRP cloth; (11) Repeat step (9); (12) Apply the prepared FRP resin to the surface of the FRP cloth and leave it for 10-14 hours to allow it to fully cure; (13) After the FRP resin is completely cured, half of the mold is completed; (14) Turn over the mold halves, the specimen, the plasticine, and the flat plate underneath so that the flat plate is at the top instead of the bottom. Remove the flat plate and the plasticine to expose the specimen. (15) Making the other half of the mold, the making method and steps are the same as steps (3) to (13); (16) After the FRP resin is completely cured, separate the upper and lower parts of the mold and take out the specimen; (17) Use an electric drill to drill a hole at the mold joint. This hole will serve as the pouring port. Use scissors and an angle grinder to trim the mold. The mold is now complete.

2. The method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical specimen is an immersion specimen or a plasticized specimen.

3. The method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping is between -0.08 and -0.1 MPa, and the time is 30-60 seconds.

4. The method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation of the gel coat comprises the following steps: (1) Use a brush to apply a thin layer of vaseline as a release agent on the inner surface of the mold; (2) Use scissors to cut the fibers into corresponding lengths according to the length of the tendon or aponeurosis on the specimen; (3) Take liquid silicone rubber and add silicone rubber curing agent, the ratio of silicone rubber curing agent to silicone rubber is 1:20-30; (4) Immerse the spare fiber in the prepared liquid silicone rubber and place the two together in a vacuum chamber to evacuate the air; (5) The glass fiber after dipping is spread on the corresponding position of the inner surface of the mold according to the position of the tendon in the specimen and its fiber path; (6) According to the colors of other tissues in the specimen, prepare liquid silicone rubber of the corresponding color, add silicone rubber curing agent, and apply it to the corresponding position on the inner surface of the mold after vacuuming. The curing agent addition ratio and vacuuming method are the same as steps (3) and (4). After the liquid silicone rubber is cured, the gel coat is completed.

5. The method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fibers are white glass fibers or polypropylene fibers.

6. The method for making a high-simulation tendon aponeurosis model according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (4), the vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping is between -0.08 and -0.1 MPa, and the time is 30-60 seconds.

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