An adaptive rectification method for a receiving end of a wireless charging of an electric bicycle

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of radio transmission technology, in particular to a kind of electric bicycle adaptive wireless charging receiving end rectification method, when transmitting end has electric bicycle wireless charging receiver, communication connection is established between transmitting end and electric bicycle wireless charging receiver, after identity authentication succeeds, transmitting end carries out verification and matching, when confirming that wireless charging receiving end is safe charging equipment, electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is started and electric car is charged, while control circuit detects the operating parameter of rectification main circuit in real time, if no abnormal operation of rectification main circuit is found, control circuit judges the charging voltage and current level required by electric bicycle, and rectification main circuit converts the received alternating current into corresponding direct current according to the adjustment of control circuit, and transmits to electric bicycle battery, by this way, the battery voltage level of different types of electric bicycles can be compatible, and self-identification and adaptive charging are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radio transmission technology, and specifically relates to a rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless charging technology, as a contactless charging method, has no external exposed contacts, offering higher safety and durability. In electric bicycles, wireless charging helps reduce the risk of spontaneous combustion caused by the charger during charging and improves the safety and reliability of the charger exposed to outdoor weather conditions such as rain and snow. Therefore, when electric bicycles are wirelessly charged, a rectifier circuit must be equipped at the receiving end to ensure the safety of charging.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent application number 201711145186.X, which discloses a synchronous rectification circuit for a wireless charging receiver. This circuit is used to implement the rectification function of the wireless charging receiver. The synchronous rectification circuit is connected between the resonant circuit of the wireless charging receiver and the load. It includes a MOSFET rectifier circuit and a synchronous rectification control circuit. The synchronous rectification control circuit controls the driving voltage input to each MOSFET in the MOSFET rectifier circuit to control the working timing of each MOSFET in the MOSFET rectifier circuit, so that the synchronous rectification circuit has a rectification effect that matches the preset effect. The synchronous rectification circuit of the wireless charging receiver of this invention has a higher rectification efficiency than the rectification efficiency of the diode rectifier circuit in the prior art. It can significantly improve the heat generation problem caused by diode rectification loss. It is simple and convenient, and does not require the introduction of additional software control. It can be used as an independent module to replace the diode rectifier module.

[0004] However, due to the various voltage levels of electric bicycles, existing wireless charging receiver rectifier circuits are typically designed for specific input voltage ranges to ensure efficient and stable operation within that range. Different voltage levels of electric bicycles require different rectifier circuit configurations to adapt to their specific operating voltage and current requirements, which cannot meet the needs of different electric bicycle users. Therefore, we need to propose an adaptive wireless charging receiver rectification method for electric bicycles to solve the above-mentioned problems, enabling it to have multi-voltage level compatibility and adaptive charging functions, which will help the productization and widespread application of wireless charging technology for electric bicycles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. When the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle approaches the transmitter, the transmitter detects the presence of the wireless charging receiver, establishes a communication connection with the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle, and performs identity authentication.

[0007] The wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles includes a wireless charging receiver, which includes a rectifier main circuit and a control circuit. The rectifier main circuit is used to convert the received high-frequency AC power into a stable DC current suitable for charging electric bicycles and to charge the electric bicycles. The control circuit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the rectifier main circuit and realize adaptive charging control compatible with multiple voltage levels.

[0008] S2. After successful identity authentication, the wireless charging receiver sends a data packet to the transmitter. After receiving the data packet, the transmitter verifies and matches it. When it is determined that the wireless charging receiver is a safe charging device, it starts the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver and charges the electric bicycle. At the same time, the control circuit monitors the operating parameters of the rectifier main circuit in real time. The operating parameters include input voltage and current.

[0009] S21. If an abnormal operation of the rectifier main circuit is found, including overvoltage abnormality, overcurrent abnormality, and overheating abnormality, the control circuit shall immediately take measures to protect the circuit and equipment safety.

[0010] S22. If no abnormality is found in the operation of the rectifier main circuit, the control circuit determines the charging voltage and current level required by the electric bicycle based on the received operating parameters. The rectifier main circuit converts the received AC power into the corresponding DC power according to the adjustment of the control circuit and transmits it to the electric bicycle battery.

[0011] S3. When the electric bicycle battery is fully charged or reaches the preset charging time, the control circuit issues a command to stop charging, the switching devices in the rectifier main circuit are turned off, the connection between the transmitter and the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is cut off, and charging ends.

[0012] Furthermore, the main rectifier circuit includes a high-frequency rectifier circuit and a DC step-up / step-down circuit. The high-frequency rectifier circuit is used to convert the high-frequency AC current output by the wireless charging receiver coil of the electric bicycle into DC current. The DC step-up / step-down circuit is used to convert the DC current output by the high-frequency rectifier circuit, which fluctuates within a certain range, into a stable DC current, and controls the output of the stable DC current through switching devices.

[0013] Furthermore, the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit mainly consists of a switch S5, a switch S6, a diode D6, an inductor L1, a capacitor C1, and a capacitor C2. The capacitors C1, L1, and C2 are connected in parallel, and the switch S5 is connected between the capacitor C1 and the inductor L1. The switch S6 is connected between the inductor L1 and the capacitor C2. The diode D6 is connected to the connection terminal of the capacitor C2 and the switch S6. The connection between the diode D6 and the other end of the capacitor C2 is used for DC output, and the connection between the two ends of the capacitor C1 is used for DC input.

[0014] Furthermore, the control circuit includes a sensing circuit, a control chip, a drive circuit, and an auxiliary power supply circuit. The sensing circuit includes a voltage sensing circuit and a current sensing circuit. The voltage sensing circuit monitors the voltage of the rectifier main circuit in real time, and the current sensing circuit monitors the current of the rectifier main circuit in real time. The control chip is used to output control signals for the switching devices in the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit according to the received signals from the sensing circuit and a preset program, so as to meet the charging current requirements of different electric bicycles. The drive circuit is used to convert the control signals output by the control chip into corresponding voltage signals that actually drive the switching devices in the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit to turn on or off. The auxiliary power supply circuit is used to provide the necessary power to the sensing circuit, the control chip, and the drive circuit.

[0015] Furthermore, the process by which the control chip outputs control signals to control the on / off switching of the switching devices in the DC-DC buck-boost circuit is as follows:

[0016] A1. The control chip is programmed, including determining the current electric bicycle battery voltage level, pre-charging the capacitor during the initial charging stage, realizing the control closed loop of the DC step-up / step-down circuit according to the target voltage and current output, and actively shutting off the control signal output in case of a fault.

[0017] A2. Based on the voltage and current signals of the rectifier main circuit collected by the sensor circuit, determine the current charging voltage level of the electric bicycle battery and determine the target charging voltage V2.

[0018] A3. Calculate the error value D based on the target voltage and the actual acquired voltage, and then calculate the control signal U based on the error value D. out The calculation formula is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Where V1 is the actual voltage value, Let be the voltage error value at time k. This is the proportionality coefficient. The integral coefficient is... Here, T represents the integral coefficients, and T is the time taken from time k-1 to time k.

[0021] A4. The calculated control signal is output to the drive circuit. The drive circuit converts the received control signal into the actual voltage signal that drives the switching devices in the DC step-up / step-down circuit to turn on or off and transmits it to the DC step-up / step-down circuit.

[0022] A5. The DC step-up / step-down circuit receives the actual voltage signal and controls the switching devices to turn on and off, so as to provide a stable DC current for charging electric bicycles.

[0023] A6. During the charging process, the actual output voltage and current are monitored in real time by the sensing circuit. The monitored actual output voltage and current are compared with the target charging voltage and current, and the control signal is adjusted according to the comparison result to ensure that the output voltage and current always meet the preset requirements.

[0024] Furthermore, the driving circuit mainly consists of an isolation driving chip U1, a driving resistor R6, and a gate protection resistor R7 connected between the gate and source of the switching transistor S5 and the switching transistor S6. One end of the driving resistor R6 is connected to the connection terminal between the resistor R7 and the gate of the switching transistor S6 and the connection terminal between the resistor R7 and the gate of the switching transistor S5. The other end of the driving resistor R6 is connected to the isolation driving chip U1.

[0025] Furthermore, during the boosting process of the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit, when switch S5 is on and switch S6 is off, the input voltage is applied to inductor L1 through switch S5, at which point inductor L1 begins to store energy. Due to the filtering effect of capacitor C1, the input voltage is relatively stable. When switch S5 is off and switch S6 is on, the current in inductor L1 does not immediately become zero, but continues to flow due to the current holding characteristic of inductor L1. At this time, the inductor charges capacitor C2 through diode D6, while simultaneously providing energy to the load. Since the electromotive force polarity at the two ends of inductor L1 is the same as the polarity of the input power supply when inductor L1 releases energy, the voltage on capacitor C2 will be higher than the input voltage, thus achieving the boosting effect.

[0026] During voltage reduction, the duty cycles of switching transistors S5 and S6 are adjusted. When the duty cycle is at its minimum, inductor L1 is in a discharging state for a longer period of time, resulting in an output voltage lower than the input voltage, thus achieving voltage reduction.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S1, the communication between the transmitter and the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle follows the Qi standard communication protocol. During authentication, the transmitter first sends a simulated ping signal to detect whether an electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is placed in the charging area. If the presence of the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is detected, the transmitter sends a digital ping signal to allow the wireless charging receiver time to reply with a signal strength packet. If the signal strength packet replied by the wireless charging receiver is valid, it indicates that the communication link between the two has been successfully established, and then proceeds to S2.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S2, the data packet includes the receiver's identity information, configuration information, required charging parameters, and signal strength packet.

[0029] Furthermore, the verification and matching process performed by the transmitting end after receiving the data packet is as follows:

[0030] B1. After receiving the data packet, the transmitter compares the change in its own output energy with the change in the electrical parameters returned by the wireless charging receiver. If the changes are consistent, it means that the wireless charging receiver is a compatible and safe charging device and proceeds to B2. If the changes are inconsistent, it means that the wireless charging receiver is not a compatible charging device and the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver does not work.

[0031] B2. The transmitter adjusts its output power according to the configuration information and signal strength packets sent by the wireless charging receiver to match the charging needs of the wireless charging receiver.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0033] When a wireless charging receiver for an electric bicycle is present at the transmitter, this invention establishes a communication connection between the transmitter and the receiver and performs authentication. After successful authentication, the transmitter verifies and matches the receiver. If the wireless charging receiver is confirmed to be a safe charging device, the transmitter activates the receiver and starts charging the electric bicycle. Simultaneously, the control circuit monitors the operating parameters of the rectifier circuit in real time. If no abnormality is found in the rectifier circuit, the control circuit determines the required charging voltage and current level for the electric bicycle. Based on the adjustments made by the control circuit, the rectifier circuit converts the received AC power into the corresponding DC power and transmits it to the electric bicycle battery. This method is compatible with the battery voltage levels of different types of electric bicycles and enables autonomous identification and adaptive charging, which helps improve the safety and convenience of electric bicycle charging.

[0034] This invention mainly consists of a rectifier main circuit and a control circuit, forming a wireless charging receiver. The rectifier main circuit converts the received high-frequency AC power into a stable DC current suitable for charging electric bicycles and charges the electric bicycles. The control circuit monitors the operating parameters of the rectifier main circuit and realizes adaptive charging control compatible with multiple voltage levels, thereby meeting the charging needs of different electric bicycles.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A block diagram of a rectifier main circuit system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a high-frequency rectifier circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 6 A circuit diagram of a voltage sensing circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 7 A circuit diagram of a current sensing circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 8 A circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0045] Figure 9 A circuit diagram of a high-frequency rectifier circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0047] This invention provides a rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles, such as... Figure 1-8 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. When the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle approaches the transmitter, the transmitter detects the presence of the wireless charging receiver, establishes a communication connection with the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle, and performs identity authentication.

[0049] The communication between the transmitter and the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle follows the Qi standard communication protocol. During authentication, the transmitter first sends a simulated ping signal to detect whether an electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is placed in the charging area. If the presence of the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is detected, the transmitter sends a digital ping signal to allow the wireless charging receiver time to reply with a signal strength packet. If the signal strength packet replied by the wireless charging receiver is valid, it indicates that the communication link between the two has been successfully established, and then proceeds to S2.

[0050] The wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles includes a wireless charging receiver, which includes a rectifier main circuit and a control circuit. The rectifier main circuit is used to convert the received high-frequency AC power into a stable DC current suitable for charging electric bicycles and to charge the electric bicycles. The control circuit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the rectifier main circuit and realize adaptive charging control compatible with multiple voltage levels.

[0051] The main rectifier circuit includes a high-frequency rectifier circuit and a DC step-up / step-down circuit. The high-frequency rectifier circuit is used to convert the high-frequency AC current output by the wireless charging receiver coil of the electric bicycle into DC current. The DC step-up / step-down circuit is used to convert the DC current fluctuating within a certain range output by the high-frequency rectifier circuit into a stable DC current, and controls the output of the stable DC current through switching devices.

[0052] Among them, such as Figure 3As shown, the high-frequency rectifier circuit is mainly a full-bridge rectifier circuit composed of diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4. An AC input interface is provided between diodes D1 and D3, and a DC output interface is provided between diodes D2 and D4. During the positive half-cycle of the AC power supply, diodes D1 and D4 are in the conducting state, while diodes D2 and D3 are in the cutoff state. At this time, current flows from the positive terminal of the AC power supply into the circuit through diode D1, passes through the load, and flows back to the negative terminal of the AC power supply through diode D4. During half a cycle, diodes D2 and D3 are in the conducting state, while diodes D1 and D4 are in the cut-off state. At this time, current flows from the negative terminal of the AC power supply into the circuit through diode D3, and after passing through the load, it flows back to the positive terminal of the AC power supply through diode D2. After the above rectification process, the AC power is converted into DC power with a constant direction and output through the DC output interface between diodes D2 and D4. The alternating conduction of diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 realizes the rectification of AC power and converts it into DC power with a constant direction.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit mainly consists of a switch S5, a switch S6, a diode D6, an inductor L1, a capacitor C1, and a capacitor C2. The capacitors C1, L1, and C2 are connected in parallel. The switch S5 is connected between the capacitor C1 and the inductor L1, and the switch S6 is connected between the inductor L1 and the capacitor C2. The diode D6 is connected to the connection terminal of the capacitor C2 and the switch S6. The connection between the diode D6 and the other end of the capacitor C2 is used for DC output, and the connection between the two ends of the capacitor C1 is used for DC input. The diode D6 is used to prevent backflow of current when the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle is connected to the electric bicycle.

[0054] During the boost process, when switch S5 is on and switch S6 is off, the input voltage is applied to inductor L1 through switch S5, and inductor L1 begins to store energy. Due to the filtering effect of capacitor C1, the input voltage is relatively stable. When switch S5 is off and switch S6 is on, the current in inductor L1 does not immediately become zero, but continues to flow due to the current holding characteristic of inductor L1. At this time, the inductor charges capacitor C2 through diode D6 and simultaneously provides energy to the load. Since the electromotive force polarity across inductor L1 is the same as the polarity of the input power supply when inductor L1 releases energy, the voltage across capacitor C2 will be higher than the input voltage, thus achieving the boost effect.

[0055] During voltage reduction, the duty cycles of switching transistors S5 and S6 are adjusted. When the duty cycle is at its minimum, inductor L1 is in a discharging state for a longer period of time, resulting in an output voltage lower than the input voltage, thus achieving voltage reduction.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the control circuit includes a sensing circuit, a control chip, a drive circuit, and an auxiliary power supply circuit. The sensing circuit includes a voltage sensing circuit and a current sensing circuit. The voltage sensing circuit monitors the voltage of the rectifier main circuit in real time, and the current sensing circuit monitors the current of the rectifier main circuit in real time. The control chip is used to output control signals for the switching devices in the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit according to the received signals from the sensing circuit and a preset program, so as to meet the charging current requirements of different electric bicycles. The drive circuit is used to convert the control signals output by the control chip into corresponding voltage signals that actually drive the switching devices in the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit to turn on or off. The auxiliary power supply circuit is used to provide the necessary power to the sensing circuit, the control chip, and the drive circuit.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the voltage sensing circuit mainly consists of sampling resistor R1, sampling resistor R2, and amplifier A1. The sampling resistor R1 and sampling resistor R2 are connected in parallel to the positive terminal of amplifier A1. The output terminal of amplifier A1 is connected to the control chip. Sampling resistors R1 and R2 are both connected to the rectifier main circuit. The voltage value of the rectifier main circuit is collected through sampling resistors R1 and R2, and then amplified by amplifier A1 before being transmitted to the control chip.

[0058] like Figure 7 As shown, the current sensing circuit mainly consists of a sampling resistor R3, a feedback resistor R4, an input resistor R5, and an amplifier A2. The input resistor R5 is connected to the negative terminal of the amplifier A2, the sampling resistor R3 is connected to the input terminal of the input resistor R5, and the feedback resistor R4 is connected between the negative terminal and the output terminal of the amplifier A2. The feedback resistor R4 stabilizes the output of the amplifier A2, reduces nonlinear distortion, and improves the circuit's anti-interference capability. The sampling resistor R3 collects the current value of the rectifier main circuit in real time, and the input resistor R5 reduces the influence of the input current on the amplifier A2, thereby improving the circuit's sensitivity.

[0059] The process by which the control chip outputs control signals to control the switching devices in the DC-DC buck-boost circuit is as follows:

[0060] A1. The control chip is programmed, including determining the current electric bicycle battery voltage level, pre-charging the capacitor during the initial charging stage, realizing the control closed loop of the DC step-up / step-down circuit according to the target voltage and current output, and actively shutting off the control signal output in case of a fault.

[0061] A2. Based on the voltage and current signals of the rectifier main circuit collected by the sensor circuit, determine the current charging voltage level of the electric bicycle battery and determine the target charging voltage V2.

[0062] A3. Calculate the error value D based on the target voltage and the actual acquired voltage, and then calculate the control signal U based on the error value D. out The calculation formula is as follows:

[0063] D = V2 - V1;

[0064] Where V1 is the actual voltage value, Let be the voltage error value at time k. This is the proportionality coefficient. The integral coefficient is... Here, T represents the integral coefficients, and T is the time taken from time k-1 to time k.

[0065] A4. The calculated control signal is output to the drive circuit. The drive circuit converts the received control signal into the actual voltage signal that drives the switching devices in the DC step-up / step-down circuit to turn on or off and transmits it to the DC step-up / step-down circuit.

[0066] A5. The DC step-up / step-down circuit receives the actual voltage signal and controls the switching devices to turn on and off, so as to provide a stable DC current for charging electric bicycles.

[0067] A6. During the charging process, the actual output voltage and current are monitored in real time by the sensing circuit. The monitored actual output voltage and current are compared with the target charging voltage and current, and the control signal is adjusted according to the comparison result to ensure that the output voltage and current always meet the preset requirements.

[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, the driving circuit mainly consists of an isolation driving chip U1, a driving resistor R6, and a gate protection resistor R7 connected between the gate and source of switching transistors S5 and S6. One end of the driving resistor R6 is connected to the connection terminal between resistor R7 and the gate of switching transistor S6 and the connection terminal between resistor R7 and the gate of switching transistor S5. The other end of the driving resistor R6 is connected to the isolation driving chip U1. The isolation driving chip U1 receives control signals and then drives switching transistors S5 and S6 to switch on and off through the driving resistor R6. This allows the output voltage to be adjusted by changing the duty cycle of switching transistors S5 and S6, so as to meet the charging needs of different electric bicycles.

[0069] The auxiliary power supply circuit mainly consists of an input filter circuit, a flyback converter, an output filter circuit, and a feedback control circuit. The input filter circuit is used to filter out noise and interference in the input power supply to ensure the stability of the power supply. The flyback converter is used to convert the input power supply into the required DC power supply. The output filter circuit is used to smooth and stabilize the output DC power supply to ensure that each circuit can obtain a stable power supply. The feedback control circuit is used to monitor the output voltage and current, and adjust the operating state of the flyback converter as needed to maintain the stability of the output voltage and current.

[0070] S2. After successful identity authentication, the wireless charging receiver sends a data packet to the transmitter. After receiving the data packet, the transmitter verifies and matches it. When it is determined that the wireless charging receiver is a safe charging device, it starts the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver and charges the electric bicycle. At the same time, the control circuit monitors the operating parameters of the rectifier main circuit in real time. The operating parameters include input voltage and current.

[0071] The data packet contains the receiver's identity information, configuration information, required charging parameters, and signal strength packet.

[0072] The process of verification and matching performed by the transmitting end after receiving the data packet is as follows:

[0073] B1. After receiving the data packet, the transmitter compares the change in its own output energy with the change in the electrical parameters returned by the wireless charging receiver. If the changes are consistent, it means that the wireless charging receiver is a compatible and safe charging device and proceeds to B2. If the changes are inconsistent, it means that the wireless charging receiver is not a compatible charging device and the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver does not work.

[0074] B2. The transmitter adjusts its output power according to the configuration information and signal strength packet sent by the wireless charging receiver to match the charging needs of the wireless charging receiver.

[0075] S21. If an abnormal operation of the rectifier main circuit is detected, including overvoltage abnormality, overcurrent abnormality, and overheating abnormality, the control circuit shall immediately take measures to protect the circuit and equipment safety; for example, turning off the switching devices, cutting off the power supply, or starting the heat dissipation system.

[0076] S22. If no abnormality is found in the operation of the rectifier main circuit, the control circuit determines the charging voltage and current level required by the electric bicycle based on the received operating parameters. The rectifier main circuit converts the received AC power into the corresponding DC power according to the adjustment of the control circuit and transmits it to the electric bicycle battery.

[0077] S3. When the electric bicycle battery is fully charged or reaches the preset charging time, the control circuit issues a command to stop charging, the switching devices in the rectifier main circuit are turned off, the connection between the transmitter and the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is cut off, and charging ends.

[0078] The transmitter detects the presence of a wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles. When a receiver is present, a communication connection is established between the transmitter and receiver, and authentication is performed. After successful authentication, the transmitter verifies and matches the receiver. If the receiver is confirmed to be a safe charging device, it activates and charges the electric bicycle. Simultaneously, the control circuit monitors the operating parameters of the rectifier circuit in real time. If no abnormalities are detected, the control circuit determines the required charging voltage and current level for the electric bicycle based on the received operating parameters. The rectifier circuit then converts the received AC power into the corresponding DC power according to the control circuit's adjustments and transmits it to the electric bicycle battery. This method is compatible with the battery voltage levels of different types of electric bicycles and enables autonomous identification and adaptive charging, thus improving the safety and convenience of electric bicycle charging. Example

[0079] The similarities will not be repeated here. The difference from Example 1 is that, as... Figure 9 As shown, the high-frequency rectifier circuit mainly consists of a full-bridge rectifier circuit composed of switching transistors S1, S2, S3, and S4. An AC input interface is provided between switching transistors S1 and S2, and a DC output interface is provided between switching transistors S3 and S4. AC power enters the high-frequency rectifier circuit through the AC input interface between switching transistors S1 and S2. During the positive half-cycle of the AC power, switching transistors S1 and S4 are controlled to be in the conducting state, while switching transistors S2 and S3 are controlled to be in the cutoff state. At this time, current flows from the positive terminal of the AC power supply into the circuit through switching transistor S1. After passing through the load, the current flows back to the negative terminal of the AC power supply through switch S4. During the negative half-cycle of the AC power supply, switches S2 and S3 are controlled to be in the on state, while switches S1 and S4 are controlled to be in the off state. At this time, the current flows from the negative terminal of the AC power supply into the circuit through switch S3, and after passing through the load, it flows back to the positive terminal of the AC power supply through switch S2. After the above rectification process, the AC power is converted into DC power with a constant direction and output through the DC output interface between switches S3 and S4. The synchronous rectification method reduces device losses and improves the rectification efficiency of the high-frequency rectifier circuit.

[0080] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver of an electric bicycle, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. When the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle approaches the transmitter, the transmitter detects the presence of the wireless charging receiver, establishes a communication connection with the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle, and performs identity authentication. The wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles includes a wireless charging receiver, which includes a rectifier main circuit and a control circuit. The rectifier main circuit is used to convert the received high-frequency AC power into a stable DC current suitable for charging electric bicycles and to charge the electric bicycles. The control circuit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the rectifier main circuit and realize adaptive charging control compatible with multiple voltage levels. S2. After successful identity authentication, the wireless charging receiver sends a data packet to the transmitter. After receiving the data packet, the transmitter verifies and matches it. When it is determined that the wireless charging receiver is a safe charging device, it starts the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver and charges the electric bicycle. At the same time, the control circuit monitors the operating parameters of the rectifier main circuit in real time. The operating parameters include input voltage and current. S21. If an abnormal operation of the rectifier main circuit is found, including overvoltage abnormality, overcurrent abnormality, and overheating abnormality, the control circuit shall immediately take measures to protect the circuit and equipment safety. S22. If no abnormality is found in the operation of the rectifier main circuit, the control circuit determines the charging voltage and current level required by the electric bicycle based on the received operating parameters. The rectifier main circuit converts the received AC power into the corresponding DC power according to the adjustment of the control circuit and transmits it to the electric bicycle battery. S3. When the electric bicycle battery is fully charged or reaches the preset charging time, the control circuit issues a command to stop charging, the switching devices in the rectifier main circuit are turned off, the connection between the transmitter and the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is cut off, and charging ends. The control circuit includes a sensing circuit, a control chip, a drive circuit, and an auxiliary power supply circuit. The sensing circuit includes a voltage sensing circuit and a current sensing circuit. The voltage sensing circuit monitors the voltage of the rectifier main circuit in real time, and the current sensing circuit monitors the current of the rectifier main circuit in real time. The control chip is used to output control signals for the switching devices in the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit according to the received signals from the sensing circuit and a preset program, so as to meet the charging current requirements of different electric bicycles. The drive circuit is used to convert the control signals output by the control chip into corresponding voltage signals to actually drive the switching devices in the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit to turn on or off. The auxiliary power supply circuit is used to provide the necessary power to the sensing circuit, the control chip, and the drive circuit. The process by which the control chip outputs control signals to control the switching devices in the DC-DC buck-boost circuit is as follows: A1. The control chip is programmed, including determining the current electric bicycle battery voltage level, pre-charging the capacitor during the initial charging stage, realizing the control closed loop of the DC step-up / step-down circuit according to the target voltage and current output, and actively shutting off the control signal output in case of a fault. A2. Based on the voltage and current signals of the rectifier main circuit collected by the sensor circuit, determine the current charging voltage level of the electric bicycle battery and determine the target charging voltage V2. A3. Calculate the error value D based on the target voltage and the actual acquired voltage, and then calculate the control signal U based on the error value D. out The calculation formula is as follows: D = V2 - V1; Where V1 is the actual voltage value, D k Let K be the voltage error value at time k. p K is the proportionality coefficient. i K is the integral coefficient. d Here, T represents the integral coefficients, and T is the time taken from time k-1 to time k. A4. The calculated control signal is output to the drive circuit. The drive circuit converts the received control signal into the actual voltage signal that drives the switching devices in the DC step-up / step-down circuit to turn on or off and transmits it to the DC step-up / step-down circuit. A5. The DC step-up / step-down circuit receives the actual voltage signal and controls the switching devices to turn on and off, so as to provide a stable DC current for charging electric bicycles. A6. During the charging process, the actual output voltage and current are monitored in real time by the sensing circuit. The monitored actual output voltage and current are compared with the target charging voltage and current, and the control signal is adjusted according to the comparison result to ensure that the output voltage and current always meet the preset requirements.

2. The rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main rectifier circuit includes a high-frequency rectifier circuit and a DC step-up / step-down circuit. The high-frequency rectifier circuit is used to convert the high-frequency AC current output by the coil of the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle into DC current. The DC step-up / step-down circuit is used to convert the DC current fluctuating within a certain range output by the high-frequency rectifier circuit into a stable DC current, and to control the output of the stable DC current through switching devices.

3. The rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit mainly consists of a switch S5, a switch S6, a diode D6, an inductor L1, a capacitor C1, and a capacitor C2. The capacitors C1, L1, and C2 are connected in parallel. The switch S5 is connected between the capacitor C1 and the inductor L1, and the switch S6 is connected between the inductor L1 and the capacitor C2. The diode D6 is connected to the junction of the capacitor C2 and the switch S6. The connection between the diode D6 and the other end of the capacitor C2 is used for DC output, and the connection between the two ends of the capacitor C1 is used for DC input.

4. The rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving circuit mainly consists of an isolation driving chip U1, a driving resistor R6, and a gate protection resistor R7 connected between the gate and source of the switching transistor S5 and the switching transistor S6. One end of the driving resistor R6 is connected to the connection terminal of resistor R7 and the gate of the switching transistor S6, and the connection terminal of resistor R7 and the gate of the switching transistor S5. The other end of the driving resistor R6 is connected to the isolation driving chip U1.

5. The rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the DC-DC step-up / step-down circuit boosts the voltage, when switch S5 is on and switch S6 is off, the input voltage is applied to inductor L1 through switch S5, and inductor L1 begins to store energy. Due to the filtering effect of capacitor C1, the input voltage is relatively stable. When switch S5 is off and switch S6 is on, the current in inductor L1 does not immediately become zero, but continues to flow due to the current holding characteristic of inductor L1. At this time, the inductor charges capacitor C2 through diode D6 and simultaneously provides energy to the load. Since the electromotive force polarity across inductor L1 is the same as the polarity of the input power supply when inductor L1 releases energy, the voltage across capacitor C2 will be higher than the input voltage, thus achieving voltage boost. During voltage reduction, the duty cycles of switching transistors S5 and S6 are adjusted. When the duty cycle is at its minimum, inductor L1 is in a discharging state for a longer period of time, resulting in an output voltage lower than the input voltage, thus achieving voltage reduction.

6. The rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver of an electric bicycle according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the communication between the transmitter and the wireless charging receiver of the electric bicycle follows the Qi standard communication protocol. During authentication, the transmitter first sends a simulated ping signal to detect whether an electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is placed in the charging area. If the presence of the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver is detected, the transmitter sends a digital ping signal to allow the wireless charging receiver time to reply with a signal strength packet. If the signal strength packet replied by the wireless charging receiver is valid, it indicates that the communication link between the two has been successfully established, and then proceeds to step S2.

7. The rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the data packet includes the receiver's identity information, configuration information, required charging parameters, and signal strength packet.

8. The rectification method for an adaptive wireless charging receiver for electric bicycles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of verification and matching performed by the transmitting end after receiving the data packet is as follows: B1. After receiving the data packet, the transmitter compares the change in its own output energy with the change in the electrical parameters returned by the wireless charging receiver. If the changes are consistent, it means that the wireless charging receiver is a compatible and safe charging device and proceeds to B2. If the changes are inconsistent, it means that the wireless charging receiver is not a compatible charging device and the electric bicycle wireless charging receiver does not work. B2. The transmitter adjusts its output power according to the configuration information and signal strength packets sent by the wireless charging receiver to match the charging needs of the wireless charging receiver.

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