Mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for converter and converter

Abstract

The present application relates to a mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter and a converter, which comprises a flue body formed by a plurality of heated pipes, an oxygen gun port and a material discharge port are provided on the flue body, a natural circulation water distribution manifold, a forced circulation water distribution manifold and a lower manifold are provided on one side of the flue body, the lower manifold comprises a natural circulation area of ​​the lower manifold connected to the natural circulation water distribution manifold and a forced circulation area of ​​the lower manifold connected to the forced circulation water distribution manifold, the natural circulation area of ​​the lower manifold is connected to the ordinary pipeline area, and the forced circulation area of ​​the lower manifold is connected to the unfavorable pipeline area; the other side of the flue body is provided with a natural circulation collecting manifold, a forced circulation collecting manifold and an upper manifold, the upper manifold comprises a natural circulation area of ​​the upper manifold connected to the natural circulation collecting manifold and a forced circulation area of ​​the upper manifold connected to the forced circulation collecting manifold, the natural circulation area of ​​the upper manifold is connected to the ordinary pipeline area, and the forced circulation area of ​​the upper manifold is connected to the unfavorable pipeline area. The present application has the functions of high safety and energy saving and consumption reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of converter flue gas cooling, and in particular relates to a mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter and a converter. Background Art

[0002] The converter vaporization cooling flue is composed of a movable smoke hood, a furnace mouth section (some large flues divide the furnace mouth section into a fixed furnace mouth section and a movable furnace mouth section), a middle section flue (sometimes divided into middle section I, middle section II, and middle section III), and a terminal section flue. Each section of the flue is an independent heating surface as a boiler component. The furnace mouth section is the most complex structure and the most prone to water leakage accidents. Therefore, its average service life is relatively short, generally two years.

[0003] See also Figure 1 Generally, the flue diameter of a 100T converter is generally below Φ2820mm. The vaporization cooling flue is generally an independent circulation system formed by a downcomer, an upcomer and a steam drum. The circulation system adopts a natural circulation method, and the motion pressure head formed by the density difference allows the cooling medium to circulate and cool the flue. When the nominal capacity of the converter exceeds 100T, the diameter of its matching vaporization cooling flue will exceed Φ2820mm. At this time, due to the large flue diameter, the number of pipes constituting the heating surface is too large. Due to the difference in flue structure, the circulation flow cannot be evenly distributed to each pipeline. This situation is mainly the most prominent in the furnace mouth section flue or the movable section, because the furnace mouth section flue is generally provided with an oxygen gun 100 and a feed port 200. In order to form an open structure, the heated pipe 1 needs to add an elbow, and where the elbow is added, the local resistance will increase, and this part of the heated pipe 1 area will form an unfavorable pipeline area, and the circulation flow of cooling water received by the unfavorable pipeline area will be reduced.

[0004] The coil area 100 at the oxygen lance mouth and the coil area 200 at the discharge port are both unfavorable pipeline areas. Since the heated pipe 1 has many bends here, the more elbows there are, the greater the local resistance coefficient is, and the greater the resistance to water is, so the water flow in the unfavorable pipeline area is less than the flow in the ordinary pipeline area, which is prone to insufficient cooling and water leakage accidents. In order to make the heated pipes 1 in the unfavorable pipeline area and the ordinary pipeline area meet the cooling needs, two methods are currently commonly used. Method 1 uses natural circulation, but it is necessary to first make the most unfavorable pipeline meet the resistance at normal water volume, and then increase the flow of other pipelines to increase the resistance of other pipelines, so that it is basically the same as the resistance of the most unfavorable pipeline, so that the actual flow of all pipes is greater than or equal to the theoretically calculated flow, and the cooling effect can be fully satisfied. This requires increasing the drum height and increasing the specifications of the riser and downcomer to achieve this, which means that the construction investment of the entire system will increase more, and this method is very random and prone to water leakage accidents. Method 2: forced circulation is adopted. Based on the theoretical flow of the most unfavorable pipeline, all heated tubes 1 are required to maintain this flow. In order to make the flow distributed on each pipeline uniform and sufficient, a throttling device needs to be added at the inlet of all heated tubes 1 on the lower header. By increasing the resistance of the throttling device of each heated tube 1, the resistance difference of each pipeline's own structure is weakened, so that the resistance of each pipeline is almost the same. At the same time, the flow and head of the water pump group are relied on to ensure the flow of each pipeline. After forced circulation is adopted, the use of the water pump group increases the power consumption, and the investment in the water pump group and the subsequent energy consumption are extremely large.

[0005] Therefore, how to extend the service life of the flue in the furnace mouth section, reduce the accident rate, and at the same time reduce the power consumption of the water pump group is the key link to reduce the cost of converter steelmaking and improve production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] We hope to evenly distribute the flow in the unfavorable pipeline area and the ordinary pipeline area in the furnace mouth section or movable section of the vaporization cooling flue, while reducing the accident rate and energy consumption, thereby achieving the goal of reducing the cost of converter steelmaking and improving production efficiency.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides a mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter, comprising a flue body inclined to one side formed by a plurality of heated pipes, the flue body comprising a common pipe area and an unfavorable pipe area formed by bending the heated pipes, the unfavorable pipe area being provided with oxygen lances and feed ports arranged at intervals;

[0009] The lower part of the flue body is provided with a natural circulation water distribution manifold, a forced circulation water distribution manifold and a lower manifold, the lower manifold includes a plurality of lower manifold natural circulation areas and a plurality of lower manifold forced circulation areas, the lower manifold natural circulation areas and the lower manifold forced circulation areas are arranged alternately, the natural circulation water distribution manifold is connected to the natural circulation area of ​​the lower manifold, the forced circulation water distribution manifold is connected to the forced circulation area of ​​the lower manifold, the natural circulation area of ​​the lower manifold is connected to the water inlet end of the heated pipe of the ordinary pipeline area, the forced circulation area of ​​the lower manifold is connected to the water inlet end of the heated pipe of the unfavorable pipeline area, and the water inlet end of the heated pipe of the unfavorable pipeline area is provided with a throttling device;

[0010] A natural circulation collecting manifold is arranged on the upper part of the flue body, a forced circulation collecting manifold and an upper manifold are also arranged in a circle on the upper part of the flue body, the upper manifold includes a plurality of upper manifold natural circulation areas and a plurality of upper manifold forced circulation areas, the upper manifold natural circulation areas and the upper manifold forced circulation areas are alternately arranged, the natural circulation collecting manifold is connected to the upper manifold natural circulation area, the forced circulation collecting manifold is connected to the upper manifold forced circulation area, the upper manifold natural circulation area is connected to the water outlet end of the heated pipe in the ordinary pipeline area, and the upper manifold forced circulation area is connected to the water outlet end of the heated pipe in the unfavorable pipeline area.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the nominal capacity of the converter exceeds 100T, the diameter of the supporting vaporization cooling flue will exceed Φ2820mm. At this time, due to the large flue diameter, the number of heat-receiving tubes constituting the heating surface is too large. Due to the difference in flue structure, the circulation flow cannot be evenly distributed to each pipeline. This situation is most prominent in the furnace mouth section flue or movable section, because this section of the flue is generally equipped with oxygen guns and feed ports, and these places require elbows to be added to the heat-receiving tubes, which constitutes the most unfavorable pipeline area and ordinary pipeline area on the flue body.

[0012] In the unfavorable pipeline area where the oxygen lance and the feed port are located, the water is subject to greater resistance because the heated pipe is bent here. If you want to ensure that each pipeline can meet the cooling needs, you first need to determine the resistance of the most unfavorable pipeline when it meets the normal water volume. Then, by increasing the flow of other pipelines, ensure that the resistance of other pipelines is basically the same as the resistance of the most unfavorable pipeline, because after the flow is increased, the actual flow of all pipes is greater than or equal to the theoretically calculated flow, so the cooling effect can be fully satisfied.

[0013] If only natural circulation is relied upon, it is necessary to consider increasing the height of the steam drum and the specifications of the pipelines, which means that the plant building will be taller, the weight of the system pipelines will be higher, and the construction investment will increase a lot. Otherwise, water leakage and explosion accidents will occur in unfavorable pipeline areas.

[0014] If forced circulation is used, the unevenness of the flow rate needs to be considered. In order to distribute the flow rate evenly and sufficiently throughout the entire pipeline, the flow rate of the water pump group must be larger, and the investment in the water pump group and the subsequent energy consumption will increase. The present application forms a forced circulation method by using a water pump group in an unfavorable pipeline area to overcome resistance, and at the same time uses a natural circulation method in the ordinary pipeline area for water circulation cooling. It not only reduces the accident rate, but also effectively alleviates the excessive energy consumption caused by increasing the head of the water pump group in order to evenly distribute the flow rate. The setting of the throttling device can weaken the influence of the pipeline's own resistance by increasing the total resistance, thereby achieving effective throttling and making the overall pipeline flow uniform.

[0015] Optionally, it further comprises a steam drum, the water outlet of the steam drum is connected to the natural circulation water distribution manifold through a natural circulation downcomer, the water outlet of the steam drum is connected to the forced circulation water distribution manifold through a forced circulation downcomer, and a water pump group is arranged on the forced circulation downcomer;

[0016] The water inlet end of the steam drum is connected to the natural circulation collecting manifold through a natural circulation riser, and the water outlet end of the forced circulation collecting manifold is connected to a steam recirculation separator, and the steam recirculation separator is connected to the steam drum, and the steam recirculation separator and the natural circulation riser are connected through an auxiliary power pipe.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the natural circulation in the common pipeline area and the steam drum form an independent circulation system. Water flows out of the steam drum through the natural circulation downcomer and enters the flue body of each section. It first enters the natural circulation water distribution manifold, and then enters the natural circulation area of ​​the lower manifold after distribution. Then it enters the common pipeline area composed of several heating pipes to absorb the heat of the high-temperature flue gas and reduce the flue gas temperature. After the water absorbs the heat, the temperature rises and reaches a saturated state. Then part of the water vapor is formed, and the single-medium water becomes a steam-water mixture, enters the natural circulation area of ​​the upper manifold, and then enters the natural circulation collection manifold. Since the natural circulation downcomer contains single-medium water, and the natural circulation riser contains a steam-water mixture, the natural circulation riser and the natural circulation downcomer have the same height but different densities. Under the action of the density difference, a circulation power will be formed. The water in the natural circulation downcomer presses the steam-water mixture in the natural circulation riser into the steam drum. When the steam-water mixture enters the steam drum, the steam and water will be separated. The steam is separated inside the steam drum and flows out from the steam outlet of the steam drum and enters the steam pipe network. The separated water will flow into the bottom of the steam drum and enter the natural circulation downcomer again to continue to participate in the new circulation process.

[0018] The forced circulation in the unfavorable pipeline area and the steam drum also constitute another circulation system. Water enters the water pump group through the forced circulation downcomer, is pressurized by the water pump, and enters the flue body of each section. First, it enters the forced circulation water distribution manifold, and then enters the forced circulation area of ​​the lower manifold after distribution. Under the action of the throttling device, the water is evenly distributed and enters the unfavorable pipeline area composed of several heated pipes. The heating surface absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas and reduces the flue gas temperature. After absorbing the heat, the temperature of the water rises to a saturated state. Then this part of the water changes from single-medium water to a steam-water mixture, enters the forced circulation area of ​​the upper manifold, and then enters the forced circulation collection manifold.

[0019] First, it enters the steam recirculation separator from the inlet through the forced circulation riser, where primary steam-water separation will be performed. A portion of the separated steam or steam-water mixture will enter other natural circulation risers through the auxiliary power pipe connected to the output power outlet of the steam recirculation separator. Due to the high pressure of the forced circulation system, the steam or steam-water mixture separated by the steam recirculation separator can be pumped into other natural circulation risers, artificially increasing the steam content of other natural circulation risers, so the density of other natural circulation risers is even smaller, further increasing the pressure difference of the density difference, thereby enhancing the circulation power of the natural circulation. The outlet of the steam recirculation separator is connected to the steam drum through the forced circulation riser, and the steam-water mixture remaining after the primary steam-water separation in the forced circulation process is sent to the steam drum, and further separated in the steam drum. The steam flows out from the steam outlet of the steam drum and enters the steam pipe network for power generation or other processes. The separated water enters the bottom of the steam drum and enters the forced circulation downcomer to continue to participate in the new circulation process.

[0020] Optionally, the cross section of the flue body is circular and inclined toward the rear of the furnace, the oxygen lance is provided at the bend of the flue body on the front side of the furnace, the flue body is provided with the feed openings on the left and right sides of the converter, and part of the flue body behind the furnace is also an unfavorable pipeline area;

[0021] The natural circulation area of ​​the lower header, the forced circulation area of ​​the lower header, the natural circulation area of ​​the upper header and the forced circulation area of ​​the upper header are all set to four.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, in order to facilitate the placement of the oxygen gun in the oxygen gun mouth, the oxygen gun mouth is set in front of the furnace. In order to facilitate unloading, the unloading port cannot be blocked, so it is not convenient to be set behind the furnace. It can only be set to the left and right of the converter to avoid the oxygen gun mouth, that is, on both sides of the oxygen gun mouth. These areas are unfavorable pipeline areas because the heated pipes are curved, there are many elbows, and the local resistance is large, so forced circulation is adopted. The heated pipes behind the furnace have a heating surface in the upper half circle, and the steam layer of steam-water separation will just contact the heating surface, which is likely to cause heat transfer deterioration and water leakage accidents. Therefore, the steam-water separation area behind the furnace also belongs to the unfavorable pipeline area. There are four unfavorable pipeline areas, and the ordinary pipeline areas are between the unfavorable pipeline areas, so the unfavorable pipeline areas and the ordinary pipeline areas are set at intervals, and there are four ordinary pipeline areas.

[0023] Optionally, the natural circulation water distribution manifold, forced circulation water distribution manifold, lower manifold, forced circulation collecting manifold and upper manifold are all in the shape of annular circular tubes, and the natural circulation collecting manifold is two strip-shaped circular tubes and are respectively located on the left and right of the flue body.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the natural circulation water distribution manifold, the forced circulation water distribution manifold, the lower manifold, the forced circulation collection manifold and the upper manifold are all annular and can surround the flue body, making the structural space setting more reasonable and saving space. The natural circulation collection manifold is a manifold with straight pipes and curved pipes and is symmetrically distributed, which is more conducive to the outflow of water vapor.

[0025] Optionally, 8 partitions are arranged at intervals in the lower connecting box and the upper connecting box.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the partitions can be arranged to divide the upper header and the lower header into four natural circulation areas and four forced circulation areas.

[0027] Optionally, the forced circulation water distribution manifold and the forced circulation area of ​​the lower manifold are connected through a forced circulation water distribution branch pipe; the natural circulation water distribution manifold and the natural circulation area of ​​the lower manifold are connected through a natural circulation water distribution branch pipe; the forced circulation collecting manifold and the forced circulation area of ​​the upper manifold are connected through a forced circulation collecting branch pipe; the natural circulation collecting manifold and the natural circulation area of ​​the upper manifold are connected through a natural circulation collecting branch pipe.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution and arranging a forced circulation water distribution branch pipe, effective connection between the forced circulation water distribution header and the forced circulation area of ​​the lower header can be achieved.

[0029] Optionally, the forced circulation area of ​​the lower connecting box corresponding to the lower connecting box is provided with an observation hole, and a plug is provided on the observation hole.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the observation hole is used to observe whether the throttling device is blocked. If blocked, it can be replaced and unblocked. The plug is used to block the observation hole to ensure the sealing of the lower connecting box.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application provides a converter, using the above-mentioned converter mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue, and adopting the following technical solution:

[0032] A converter uses the above-mentioned converter mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue, comprising a converter body, wherein the flue body is arranged on the furnace mouth of the converter body.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the oxygen lance, two feeding ports and four unfavorable pipeline areas behind the furnace are set to forced circulation, and other areas are set to natural circulation, which not only avoids the high cost caused by high investment in the water pump group and the high energy consumption caused by the large head of the water pump group, but also makes the safety performance of the entire converter more guaranteed and the accident rate lower. At the same time, it also avoids the increase in the steam drum height and the increase in the specifications of the pipeline caused by the full natural circulation, avoids the situation where the pipeline needs to be set higher and the risk factor increases, and reduces the investment cost.

[0034] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] All the heat-receiving tubes of the flue body are divided into regions. The heat-receiving tubes forming the oxygen gun mouth and several nearby tubes form one forced circulation area; the heat-receiving tubes at the two discharge ports and several nearby tubes form two forced circulation areas; the heat-receiving tubes in the direction behind the furnace are prone to steam-water separation, and the heat-receiving tubes in this area are divided into another forced circulation area, forming a total of four forced circulation areas; the heat-receiving tubes between these four areas are natural circulation areas, thus forming four natural circulation areas. Therefore, all the heat-receiving tubes are divided into 8 areas in total, and the forced circulation areas and natural circulation areas are arranged at intervals. The forced circulation areas use water pump groups for forced circulation, and the natural circulation areas use natural circulation. According to the different resistance conditions in different areas, forced circulation is set in areas with large resistance, and natural circulation is set in areas with small resistance, so as to ensure the safety performance of the converter while achieving energy saving and consumption reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a front view of a cooling flue for a converter in the background technology;

[0037] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter embodying the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 yes Figure 1Schematic diagram of the AA position in the middle;

[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle BB;

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the CC in the middle;

[0041] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle DD;

[0042] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of EE in the middle;

[0043] Figure 8 is a system diagram embodying the hybrid cycle of the present application;

[0044] Fig. 9 This is the calculation and analysis diagram when the vaporization cooling flue only adopts natural circulation;

[0045] Fig.10 This is the calculation and analysis diagram when the vaporization cooling flue only adopts forced circulation;

[0046] Fig.11 It is a calculation analysis diagram of natural circulation in the hybrid circulation of the present application;

[0047] Fig.12 It is a calculation analysis diagram of the forced cycle in the hybrid cycle of the present application.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 1. Heating pipe; 2. Natural circulation water distribution manifold; 3. Forced circulation water distribution manifold; 4. Natural circulation collection manifold; 5. Forced circulation collection manifold; 6. Natural circulation downcomer; 7. Forced circulation downcomer; 8. Natural circulation riser; 9. Forced circulation riser; 11. Auxiliary power pipe; 12. Steam recirculation separator;

[0050] 10. Flue main body; 20. Lower header; 21. Natural circulation area of ​​lower header; 22. Forced circulation area of ​​lower header; 23. Forced circulation water distribution branch; 24. Natural circulation water distribution branch; 30. Upper header; 31. Natural circulation area of ​​upper header; 32. Forced circulation area of ​​upper header; 33. Forced circulation collecting branch; 34. Natural circulation collecting branch; 40. Steam drum; 50. Water pump group;

[0051] 61. curve; 62. curve; 63. curve;

[0052] 100, oxygen lance mouth; 200, feed port; 300, partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following is combined with Figure 2-Figure 12 This application is described in further detail.

[0054] The embodiment of the present application discloses a mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter.

[0055] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter includes: a flue body 10 formed by sequentially splicing a plurality of heat receiving tubes 1 to form a circular pipe shape, and the flue body 10 is tilted toward the rear side of the furnace. The flue body 10 is in a vertical pipe shape near the furnace mouth and in an inclined pipe shape away from the furnace mouth.

[0056] An oxygen lance port 100 for installing an oxygen lance is provided at the inclined portion of the front side of the flue body 10, and feed ports 200 for adding bulk materials into the converter are provided on the left and right sides of the converter. Since multiple heated tubes 1 need to be bent to form the oxygen lance port 100 and the feed port 200, the resistance to the water flow in the heated tube 1 in this area becomes larger, so the area where the oxygen lance port 100 and the feed port 200 are located are regarded as unfavorable pipeline areas.

[0057] The heat receiving tube 1 is a hollow round tube. The circulating water in the heat receiving tube 1 will become a steam-water mixture after being heated. When the flow rate is low, steam-water separation will occur. Under the action of gravity, the water has a large density and is located at the lower part of the cross section of the heat receiving tube 1. The density of steam is less than that located at the upper part of the cross section of the heat receiving tube 1. For the heat receiving tube 1 in front of the furnace, the heating surface of the heat receiving tube 1 is the lower half circle, and the steam-water separation has no effect on its heat exchange. However, for the heat receiving tube 1 behind the furnace, its heating surface is in the upper half circle, and the steam layer of the steam-water separation will just contact the heating surface, which is likely to cause heat transfer deterioration, resulting in water leakage accidents. Therefore, the steam-water separation area behind the furnace is also an unfavorable pipeline area.

[0058] The area where the heated tube 1 of the oxygen gun 100 is located, the area where the heated tube 1 of the two feed ports 200 is located, and the area where the heated tube 1 of the steam-water separation area behind the furnace is located form a total of four unfavorable pipeline areas, and the area between two adjacent unfavorable pipeline areas is a common pipeline area. The heating surface of the common pipeline area and the heating surface of the unfavorable pipeline area are both composed of multiple heated tubes 1. According to the respective characteristics of the unfavorable pipeline area and the common pipeline area, the circulation mode of the unfavorable pipeline area is set to forced circulation, which is a forced circulation area; the circulation mode of the common pipeline area is selected as natural circulation, which is a natural circulation area.

[0059] See also Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The lower part of the flue body 10, that is, the side close to the converter furnace mouth, is surrounded by a natural circulation water distribution header 2, a forced circulation water distribution header 3 and a lower header 20, all of which are in the shape of annular circular tubes. The natural circulation water distribution header 2 and the forced circulation water distribution header 3 are located at the same height. The inner diameter of the forced circulation water distribution header 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the natural circulation water distribution header 2. The forced circulation water distribution header 3 surrounds the natural circulation water distribution header 2.

[0060] The lower header 20 is located below the natural circulation water distribution header 2 and the forced circulation water distribution header 3. The lower header 20 includes a plurality of lower header natural circulation areas 21 and a plurality of lower header forced circulation areas 22. A throttling device is provided on the lower header forced circulation area 22. The lower header natural circulation areas 21 and the lower header forced circulation areas 22 are alternately arranged. The natural circulation water distribution header 2 is connected to the lower header natural circulation area 21 through the natural circulation water distribution branch pipe 24. The forced circulation water distribution header 3 is connected to the lower header forced circulation area 22 through the forced circulation water distribution branch pipe 23. The lower header natural circulation area 21 is connected to the water inlet end of the heat receiving pipe 1 in the natural circulation area. The lower header forced circulation area 22 is connected to the water inlet end of the heat receiving pipe 1 in the forced circulation area and a throttling device is provided at the end.

[0061] In order to ensure that the cooling effect of all heated tubes 1 is good, the single-tube circulation flow of all heated tubes 1 can be based on the flow of the most unfavorable pipeline. To ensure that the flow of all tubes is the same, the total resistance of each tube must be basically the same, but in reality it is different. When the flow is the same, the resistance difference of each tube is very large. Among them, the oxygen gun mouth 100 and the feed port 200 have complex structures and many bends, so the local resistance coefficient is large and the total resistance is large. Moreover, the length of the heated tube 1 close to the center line of the oxygen gun mouth 100 coil is the longest, so the two symmetrical tubes close to the center of the oxygen gun mouth 100 coil are the most unfavorable pipelines. To ensure that the resistance of all heated tubes 1 is the same, a throttling device that can greatly increase the local resistance coefficient is set at the inlet of the heated tube 1 in the forced circulation area 22 of the lower header. The resistance of the throttling device is large enough to reduce the influence of the resistance difference of the heated tube 1 structure itself. Therefore, the existence of the throttling device will make the total resistance of each heated tube 1 approximately the same, thereby realizing the structural basis of the same flow.

[0062] The throttling device is arranged at the water inlet end of the heated pipe 1 in the unfavorable pipeline area connected to the forced circulation area 22 of the lower header. One type of throttling device is a perforated plate structure, and the other type is a structure of a perforated plate plus a porous anti-blocking sleeve. A screen can also be arranged on the porous plate structure to intercept impurities in the water inlet to prevent blockage. The forced circulation area 22 of the lower header corresponding to the lower header 20 is provided with an observation hole, and a plug is arranged on the observation hole. The observation hole is used to observe whether the throttling device is blocked. If blockage occurs, it can be replaced and unblocked. The plug is used to block the observation hole to ensure the sealing of the lower header 20.

[0063] See also Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Two symmetrically arranged natural circulation collecting headers 4 in the form of strip-shaped round tubes are arranged on the side of the flue body 10 away from the converter. A round tube-shaped forced circulation collecting header 5 and a round tube-shaped upper header 30 are arranged around the upper part of the flue body 10. The two natural circulation collecting headers 4 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the flue body 10.

[0064] The upper header 30 includes a plurality of upper header natural circulation areas 31 and a plurality of upper header forced circulation areas 32, the upper header natural circulation areas 31 and the upper header forced circulation areas 32 are alternately arranged, the natural circulation collecting header 4 is connected to the upper header natural circulation areas 31, the forced circulation collecting header 5 is connected to the upper header forced circulation areas 32, the upper header natural circulation areas 31 are connected to the water outlet ends of the heated pipes 1 in the natural circulation areas, and the upper header forced circulation areas 32 are connected to the water outlet ends of the heated pipes 1 in the forced circulation areas.

[0065] Eight partitions 300 are arranged in the lower header 20 and the upper header 30, respectively forming four lower header natural circulation areas 21, four lower header forced circulation areas 22, four upper header natural circulation areas 31 and four upper header forced circulation areas 32. The water inlet of the lower header forced circulation area 22 and the water outlet of the upper header forced circulation area 32 are respectively connected to the water inlet and outlet of the heat receiving pipe 1 in the forced circulation area, and the water inlet of the lower header natural circulation area 21 and the water outlet of the upper header natural circulation area 31 are respectively connected to the water inlet and outlet of the heat receiving pipe 1 in the natural circulation area.

[0066] The natural circulation collecting header 4 is connected to the natural circulation areas 31 of the four upper headers through the natural circulation collecting branch pipe 34 , and the forced circulation collecting header 5 is connected to the forced circulation areas 32 of the four upper headers through the forced circulation collecting branch pipe 33 .

[0067] The natural circulation water distribution header 2 is connected to the four lower header natural circulation areas 21 through the natural circulation water distribution branch pipe 24 , and the forced circulation water distribution header 3 is connected to the four lower header forced circulation areas 22 through the forced circulation water distribution branch pipe 23 .

[0068] See also Figure 8 The mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for the converter also includes a steam drum 40. The natural circulation water outlet end of the steam drum 40 is connected to the natural circulation water inlet of the natural circulation water distribution manifold 2 through the natural circulation downcomer 6, and then enters the natural circulation area 21 of the lower manifold through the natural circulation water distribution branch pipe 24, and then enters the heated pipe 1 in the natural circulation area, and then enters the natural circulation area 31 of the upper manifold, and then enters the natural circulation collecting manifold 4 through the natural circulation collecting branch pipe 34. The outlet of the natural circulation collecting manifold 4 is connected to the natural circulation riser 8, and the natural circulation riser 8 is connected to the steam drum 40.

[0069] The other water outlet of the drum 40 is connected to the forced circulation water inlet of the forced circulation water distribution manifold 3 through the forced circulation downcomer 7, enters the forced circulation area 22 of the lower manifold, and then enters the heated pipe 1 in the forced circulation area, and then enters the forced circulation area 32 of the upper manifold, and then enters the forced circulation collection manifold 5. A water pump group 50 is provided on the forced circulation downcomer 7 to provide circulation power for the forced circulation. The water outlet side of the forced circulation collection manifold 5 is connected to the forced circulation riser 9, and a steam recirculation separator 12 is provided on the forced circulation riser 9. The output power outlet of the steam recirculation separator 12 is connected to the natural circulation riser 8 through the auxiliary power pipe 11. The steam recirculation separator 12 continues to be connected to the drum 40 through the forced circulation riser 9.

[0070] The natural circulation downcomer 6, the natural circulation water distribution manifold 2, the natural circulation area 21 of the lower manifold, the natural circulation area where the heat receiving tube 1 is located, the natural circulation area 31 of the upper manifold, the natural circulation collection manifold 4, the natural circulation riser 8 and the steam drum 40 form an independent natural circulation system. Water flows out of the steam drum 40 through the natural circulation downcomer 6, first enters the natural circulation water distribution manifold 2, and enters the natural circulation area 21 of the lower manifold after distribution. Then it enters the natural circulation area formed by several heat receiving tubes 1 to absorb the heat of the high-temperature flue gas and reduce the flue gas temperature. After absorbing the heat, the temperature of the water rises to a saturated state, and then part of the water vaporizes into water vapor, and the single medium water becomes a steam-water mixture, enters the natural circulation area 31 of the upper manifold, and then enters the natural circulation collection manifold 4.

[0071] Since the natural circulation downcomer 6 contains single medium water, and the natural circulation riser 8 contains a steam-water mixture, the natural circulation riser 8 and the natural circulation downcomer 6 have the same height, but different internal densities. Under the action of the density difference, a circulation power is formed. The water in the natural circulation downcomer 6 presses the steam-water mixture in the natural circulation riser 8 into the steam drum 40. The steam-water mixture enters the steam drum 40 and is separated from the steam. Steam is separated in the steam drum 40 and flows out from the steam outlet of the steam drum 40 and enters the steam pipe network. The separated water flows into the bottom of the steam drum 40 and enters the natural circulation downcomer again to continue to participate in a new circulation process.

[0072] The forced circulation downcomer 7, the water pump group 50, the forced circulation water distribution manifold 3, the forced circulation area 22 of the lower manifold, the heated pipes 1 in the forced circulation area, the forced circulation area 32 of the upper manifold, the forced circulation collection manifold 5, the forced circulation riser 9 and the steam drum 40 constitute another forced circulation system. Water flows out of the steam drum 40 through the forced circulation downcomer 7, and enters the flue body 10 through the forced circulation downcomer 7 under the action of the water pump group 50. It first enters the forced circulation water distribution manifold 3, enters the forced circulation area 22 of the lower manifold after distribution, and then, under the action of the throttling device, the water is evenly distributed into the forced circulation area composed of several heated pipes 1 to absorb the heat of the high-temperature flue gas and reduce the flue gas temperature. After absorbing the heat, the water temperature rises to a saturated state, and then part of the water vapor is formed, and the single medium water becomes a steam-water mixture, enters the forced circulation area 32 of the upper manifold, and then enters the forced circulation collection manifold 5. It first enters from the inlet of the steam recirculation separator 12 through the forced circulation riser 9, where primary steam-water separation is performed. A portion of the steam or steam-water mixture is separated and enters other natural circulation risers 8 through the auxiliary power pipe 11 connected to the output power outlet of the steam recirculation separator 12.

[0073] Since the pressure of the forced circulation system is high, the steam or steam-water mixture separated by the steam recirculation separator 12 can be pumped into other natural circulation risers 8. The steam content of other natural circulation risers 8 is artificially increased, so the density of other natural circulation risers 8 is even smaller, and further under the effect of the density difference, the circulation power of other natural circulation systems will be enhanced. The outlet of the steam recirculation separator 12 is connected to the steam drum 40 through the forced circulation riser 9, and the remaining steam-water mixture after the primary steam-water separation of the forced circulation system is sent to the steam drum 40, and further separated in the steam drum 40. The steam flows out from the steam outlet of the steam drum 40 and enters the steam network for power generation or other processes. The separated water enters the bottom of the steam drum 40 and enters the forced circulation downcomer 7 to continue to participate in the new circulation process.

[0074] For the 120T converter, when the vaporization cooling flue adopts natural circulation calculation analysis, the relevant data and calculation results are summarized in Table 1, and the theoretical minimum circulation flow rate of each tube and the actual circulation flow rate of natural circulation are plotted as Fig. 9 .

[0075] Calculation and analysis table using natural circulation Table 1

[0076]

[0077] like Fig. 9As shown in FIG. 1 , due to the presence of the oxygen lance 100 coil and the feed port 200 coil on the heated tube 1, there are many pipe elbows in this area, which increases the local resistance coefficient of these pipes and the total resistance of the pipes in this area. Therefore, the flow rate of these pipes is small. The actual circulation flow rate of each pipe during natural circulation (refer to Fig. 9 The curve 62 in the middle is lower than the theoretical minimum circulation flow of each pipe in these areas (refer to Fig. 9 Curve 61 in the figure). The pipes in the steam-water separation area behind the furnace are shorter and have fewer elbows, so the resistance of this part of the pipes is smaller. A lot of water will flow through the pipes in this area, which causes the actual circulation flow of each pipe in this area to be too much greater than the theoretical minimum circulation flow of each pipe during natural circulation. Although the larger the flow in the steam-water separation area, the lower the steam-water separation phenomenon, the larger the flow in this area, the lower the flow in the general area 1 (attached) when the total flow remains unchanged. Fig. 9 Middle), General Area 2 (Attached Fig. 9 Even if the pipes in the middle do not have too many elbows and the local resistance coefficient is very small, the actual circulation flow rate of each pipe due to the natural circulation of these pipes is still less than the theoretical minimum circulation flow rate of each pipe due to their long length.

[0078] In order to solve the problem of large differences in circulation flow distribution due to the large diameter of the flue body 10, a method currently often used is to set a throttling device at the inlet of each heated tube 1. The throttling device is used in the following ways: one is a perforated plate structure, that is, a circular plate with a small hole in the middle as a throttling hole; the other is also a perforated plate structure, but a sleeve covered with sieve holes is added to the perforated plate, mainly to prevent larger impurities from clogging the throttling hole. The principles of these two throttling devices are the same, both of which are to artificially increase the total resistance of each pipeline.

[0079] If you want to ensure that the flow rate of all heated tubes 1 is the same, the resistance of all heated tubes 1 must be approximately the same (the theoretical minimum flow rate of the most unfavorable pipeline is selected for the flow rate). A throttling device that can increase the local resistance coefficient can be set at the inlet. The throttling device is not selected to make up for the difference between the tube with large resistance and the tube with small resistance. Because there are too many tubes, the calculation is very complicated and cumbersome. In addition, since the error of the throttling device in calculating the resistance is large, it is difficult to adjust the resistance difference with the throttling device. The main purpose of using the throttling device is to greatly increase the local resistance coefficient at the entrance of the pipeline and reduce the influence of the structural differences between the heated tubes 1. Simply put, it is to increase the denominator (the denominator is the total resistance of the tube's own structure and the throttling device), reduce the influence of the numerator (the numerator is the resistance of the tube's own structure), increase the resistance of the throttling device with large resistance, and the total resistance of the heated tube 1 pipeline, and reduce the influence of the resistance difference of the tube's own structure on the flow distribution. In this way, the resistance of each tube is approximately the same.

[0080] The reference formula for calculating the throttling device is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, d0, d n is the throttle opening diameter and the inner diameter of the pipe (in m);

[0083] It is a coefficient related to the ratio of the throttle ring length l and the aperture d0 (l / d0), and is selected according to the following Table 2.

[0084] Table 2

[0085]

[0086] We choose to set a throttling device with a throttling hole diameter of Φ13mm at the inlet of the heated tube 1. The data are summarized into Table 3, and a schematic diagram of the flow rate and resistance changes of each tube is drawn, as shown in Fig.10 .

[0087] Calculation table for forced circulation plus throttling device Table 3

[0088]

[0089] According to Table 3 and Fig.10 As shown in FIG. 6 , the throttling hole of the throttling device is Φ0.013m. After the throttling device is set, when the flow rate is the same (based on the flow rate of the most unfavorable pipeline), the total resistance loss of each pipeline can be almost the same. After calculation, the ratio of the most unfavorable pipeline to the most favorable pipeline is 1.06, so that the flow rate of each pipe can be almost the same. In addition, by comparing with Table 1, after adding the throttling device, the total flow rate increases by 206t / h (the flow rate during natural circulation is two 358t / h, that is, 716t / h, and the flow rate during forced circulation plus the throttling device is two 462t / h, that is, 924t / h, see curve 63). This is because in order to ensure that the flow rate of each pipe can meet the cooling needs, the flow rate of all pipelines is based on the flow rate of the most unfavorable pipeline, so the flow rate is larger than the flow rate during natural circulation. The forced circulation flow rate and the resistance loss of the flue need to be provided by the water pump, which requires power consumption, about 280KWh per hour.

[0090] In order to save energy, reduce the accident rate of the vaporization cooling flue, and extend the service life of the flue, the vaporization cooling flue is now optimized, and the structure of the mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue of the present application is adopted, and the four unfavorable pipeline areas of the steam-water separation area behind the furnace, the oxygen gun mouth 100 coil area, and the two discharge ports 200 coil areas are set as forced circulation areas, and the remaining ordinary pipeline area 1, ordinary pipeline area 2, ordinary pipeline area 3, and ordinary pipeline area 4 are still natural circulation areas. The following theoretical calculations are carried out on the heated pipes in the optimized natural circulation area and the optimized forced circulation area respectively.

[0091] The pipes in the natural circulation area after optimization are numbered 11-35, 56-78, 99-121, and 142-166. The water distribution in this area is mainly due to the structure of each pipe. In order to ensure that the circulation flow of each pipe can meet the cooling needs, the resistance loss of the most unfavorable pipeline is used as the basis. By increasing the flow of other pipelines, the resistance loss of other pipelines is increased. Finally, the resistance loss of each pipe is balanced by relying on more total flow.

[0092] After optimization, the most unfavorable pipelines in the natural circulation area are the pipes in the ordinary areas 1 and 2, numbered 78 and 99; the most favorable pipelines are the pipes in the ordinary areas 3 and 4, numbered 11 and 166. All the data and theoretical calculation results are summarized in Table 4, and the attached schematic diagram is drawn based on the data in the table, as shown in Fig.11 According to Table 4, when the optimized natural circulation is based on the resistance loss of the most unfavorable pipeline, the ratio between the flow rate of the most favorable pipeline and the flow rate of the most unfavorable pipeline is about 1.07. Because the heat pipe structure in the optimized natural circulation area is basically similar, there is no elbow structure, but it is slightly different, so the resistance of each pipe is very similar, and the corresponding circulation flow of each pipe is also similar. Since the entire system only changes the structure of the vaporization cooling flue body, the original vaporization system can ensure a mass flow rate of about 716t / h when using natural circulation, and the total mass flow rate in the optimized natural circulation area only needs to reach 542t / h to meet the cooling requirements of all pipelines. Therefore, after the optimized natural circulation, the original system pipeline is fully able to meet the needs.

[0093] Summary table of hydrodynamic analysis and calculation when the resistance of the heated pipes in the natural circulation area after optimization is the same Table 4

[0094]

[0095] After optimization, the pipes in the forced circulation area are numbered 1-10, 36-55, 79-98, and 167-176. The water distribution in this area mainly depends on the throttling device. In order to ensure that the circulation flow of each pipe can meet the cooling needs, the resistance loss of the most unfavorable pipeline is based on the total resistance loss of the pipeline, thereby reducing the influence of its own structural differences on the resistance. Finally, the head and flow of the water pump are relied on to achieve the balance of the flow of each pipe. After optimization, the most unfavorable pipeline in the forced circulation area is located in the oxygen gun mouth coil area, numbered 88 and 89; the most favorable pipeline is located in the steam-water separation area behind the furnace, numbered 1, 176, and there is also a most favorable pipeline in the coil area, numbered 36, 141. The oxygen gun mouth 100 coil area and the feed port 200 coil area use a throttling device with a throttling hole of Φ0.016m to balance the adverse effects of the structural differences of each pipeline in this area.

[0096] In theoretical calculation, the difference between the resistance loss of the most unfavorable pipeline and the resistance loss of the most favorable pipeline in the coil area is considered; the throttling device with a throttling hole of Φ0.015m is used in the steam-water separation area after the furnace to compensate for the resistance loss difference caused by the difference in the structure of the pipeline in the coil area and the steam-water separation after the furnace. Through the above description, all the data and the results of theoretical calculation are summarized in Table 5, and a schematic diagram is drawn based on the data in the table, as shown in the attached figure. Fig.12 According to Table 5, the total resistance loss of the most unfavorable pipeline (pipeline numbers 88 and 89) in the forced circulation after optimization is about 119916Pa, the resistance of the most favorable pipeline (pipeline numbers 1 and 176) in the entire forced circulation area is 118984Pa, and the resistance loss of the most favorable pipeline (numbers 36 and 141) in the coil area is 115033Pa. The difference rates of pipeline resistance between the most unfavorable pipeline and the two favorable pipelines are 1.008 and 1.04, respectively, both of which meet the condition of ≤1.1 and can fully meet the requirements of water balance distribution. Fig.12 It can also be found that after the throttling device is set in the optimized forced circulation area, the ratio of the resistance loss of each pipe and the resistance loss of the most favorable pipeline tends to a straight line, which means that the resistance is approximately the same.

[0097] Summary table of hydrodynamic analysis and calculation when the flow rate of heated pipes is the same under the condition of using throttling device in the forced circulation area after optimization Table 5

[0098]

[0099] A smaller throttling device is selected for the steam-water separation zone behind the furnace because there are about 20 pipes in the steam-water separation zone behind the furnace, which is relatively small and easy to adjust. The pipes in this area have less resistance loss than those in other forced circulation areas simply because they have fewer elbows. If the most favorable pipeline in this area is used as a reference for the resistance loss ratio, this means that the throttling hole is smaller. In order to weaken the different resistances caused by structural differences, a larger total resistance loss is required, resulting in energy consumption. We set a smaller hole than the throttling hole in other circulation areas at the inlet of the heated tube in the steam-water separation zone behind the furnace, that is, to make up for the resistance difference caused by the structure of other forced circulation areas through the throttling device, so as to achieve the minimum resistance loss, balance the resistance difference of each tube, and then ensure the balanced distribution of flow. For example, Table 3 shows that the resistance loss of the most unfavorable pipeline (pipeline numbers 88 and 89) is 274963Pa after the throttling device is set before optimization, and Table 5 shows that the resistance loss of the most unfavorable pipeline is 119916Pa after the throttling device is set after optimization, and the resistance loss is reduced by about 56%. The forced circulation flow rates before and after optimization are 924t / h and 420m³ / h respectively, and the forced circulation flow rate is reduced by about 55%.

[0100] According to the above data, the use of a new type of dual-circulation integrated vaporization cooling flue structure can not only reduce the accident rate and extend the service life, but also reduce energy consumption. Taking various factors into consideration, it can save up to 70% of energy consumption. Therefore, it is very necessary to use this dual-circulation integrated flue, and the present invention can bring huge economic benefits.

[0101] The vaporization cooling flue is a type of waste heat boiler and needs to be designed, manufactured, inspected and accepted in accordance with TSG11-2020 "Technical Regulations for Boiler Safety" and GB / T16507 "Water Tube Boiler".

[0102] The strength calculation of the dual-circulation integrated vaporization cooling flue is fully in line with the requirements of the specifications and standards, so the structure of the present invention is reasonable and can be implemented.

[0103] The embodiments of the present application also disclose the use of the aforementioned mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for the converter.

[0104] See also Figure 2 A converter uses the aforementioned mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for the converter, including a converter body, and a flue body 10 is arranged on the furnace mouth of the converter body.

[0105] The flue of the converter of the present application is arranged with forced circulation in the area with large resistance and natural circulation in the area with small resistance according to the different resistance conditions in different areas, which can ensure the safety performance of the converter while achieving energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0106] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flue body (10) inclined to one side and formed by surrounding a plurality of hollow heated pipes (1), the flue body (10) comprising a common pipe area and an unfavorable pipe area formed by bending the heated pipes (1), the unfavorable pipe area being provided with oxygen gun ports (100) and feed ports (200) arranged at intervals; The flue body (10) is provided with a natural circulation water distribution manifold (2), a forced circulation water distribution manifold (3) and a lower manifold (20) in the lower part of the ring. The lower manifold (20) includes a plurality of lower manifold natural circulation areas (21) and a plurality of lower manifold forced circulation areas (22). The lower manifold natural circulation areas (21) and the lower manifold forced circulation areas (22) are arranged alternately. The natural circulation water distribution manifold (2) is connected to the lower manifold natural circulation area (21), the forced circulation water distribution manifold (3) is connected to the lower manifold forced circulation area (22), the lower manifold natural circulation area (21) is connected to the water inlet end of the heated pipe (1) in the common pipeline area, and the lower manifold forced circulation area (22) is connected to the water inlet end of the heated pipe (1) in the unfavorable pipeline area. The water inlet end of the heated pipe (1) in the unfavorable pipeline area is provided with a throttling device. A natural circulation collecting manifold (4) is arranged on the upper part of the flue body (10), and a forced circulation collecting manifold (5) and an upper manifold (30) are also arranged around the upper part of the flue body (10). The upper manifold (30) includes a plurality of upper manifold natural circulation areas (31) and a plurality of upper manifold forced circulation areas (32). The upper manifold natural circulation areas (31) and the upper manifold forced circulation areas (32) are arranged alternately. The natural circulation collecting manifold (4) is connected to the upper manifold natural circulation area (31), and the forced circulation collecting manifold (5) is connected to the upper manifold forced circulation area (32). The upper manifold natural circulation area (31) is connected to the water outlet end of the heated pipe (1) in the common pipeline area, and the upper manifold forced circulation area (32) is connected to the water outlet end of the heated pipe (1) in the unfavorable pipeline area. The flue body (10) is inclined toward the rear of the furnace, and the oxygen lance (100) is arranged at the bend of the flue body (10) on the side in front of the furnace.

2. The mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a steam drum (40), the water outlet end of the steam drum (40) is connected to the natural circulation water distribution manifold (2) through a natural circulation downcomer (6), the water outlet end of the steam drum (40) is connected to the forced circulation water distribution manifold (3) through a forced circulation downcomer (7), and a water pump group (50) is provided on the forced circulation downcomer (7); The water inlet end of the steam drum (40) is connected to the natural circulation collecting manifold (4) through a natural circulation riser (8), and the water outlet end of the forced circulation collecting manifold (5) is connected to a steam recirculation separator (12). The steam recirculation separator (12) is connected to the steam drum (40), and the steam recirculation separator (12) and the natural circulation riser (8) are connected through an auxiliary power pipe (11).

3. The mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the flue body (10) is circular, the flue body (10) is provided with the material discharge openings (200) on the left and right sides of the converter, and a part of the flue body (10) behind the converter is also an unfavorable pipeline area; The lower header natural circulation area (21), the lower header forced circulation area (22), the upper header natural circulation area (31) and the upper header forced circulation area (32) are all set to four.

4. The mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for converter according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The natural circulation water distribution header (2), the forced circulation water distribution header (3), the lower header (20), the forced circulation collection header (5) and the upper header (30) are all in the shape of annular circular tubes, and the natural circulation collection header (4) is two strip-shaped circular tubes, which are respectively located on the left and right of the flue body (10).

5. The mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for converter according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Eight partitions (300) are arranged at intervals in both the lower header box (20) and the upper header box (30).

6. The mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forced circulation water distribution manifold (3) and the forced circulation area (22) of the lower manifold are connected via a forced circulation water distribution branch pipe (23); the natural circulation water distribution manifold (2) and the natural circulation area (21) of the lower manifold are connected via a natural circulation water distribution branch pipe (24); the forced circulation collection manifold (5) and the forced circulation area (32) of the upper manifold are connected via a forced circulation collection branch pipe (33); and the natural circulation collection manifold (4) and the natural circulation area (31) of the upper manifold are connected via a natural circulation collection branch pipe (34).

7. The mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for converter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower header forced circulation area (22) corresponding to the lower header (20) is provided with an observation hole, and a plug is provided on the observation hole.

8. A converter using the mixed cycle vaporization cooling flue for a converter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It comprises a converter body, wherein the flue body (10) is arranged on the furnace mouth of the converter body.

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