Hydraulic support and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic support and a using method thereof, and belongs to the field of mining hydraulic supports, the hydraulic support comprises a base and a top beam, and a plurality of leveling assemblies are arranged at the bottom end of the base and surround a bottom lifting mechanism; each leveling assembly comprises a top end guide block fixed to the base, a wedge-shaped block attached to the bottom end inclined face of the top end guide block and a bottom end guide block attached to the bottom end of the wedge-shaped block, the top end inclined face of the bottom end guide block is attached to the wedge-shaped block, and the bottom end of the bottom end guide block makes contact with the ground. The end part of the wedge-shaped block is vertically and rotatably connected with one end of an adjusting rod, the other end of the adjusting rod is connected with a positioning block fixed on the top end guide block in a penetrating manner, the adjusting rod is in threaded connection with an adjusting nut after penetrating out of the positioning block, and the adjusting nut is connected with a speed reducing motor fixed on the top end guide block. By the adoption of the hydraulic support and the using method thereof, by arranging the leveling mechanism, the vertical state of the hydraulic support can be guaranteed, and therefore the stability of the hydraulic support is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic supports for mines, and in particular to a hydraulic support and a method for using the hydraulic support. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic supports are a key component of comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment in coal mines. They use hydraulic power to achieve operations such as lifting and moving forward. Hydraulic supports can reliably and effectively support and control the roof of the working face, isolate the goaf, and prevent gangue from entering the mining face, while pushing the conveyor forward. Working in coordination with the coal mining machine, hydraulic supports have achieved full mechanization of the coal mining process, solved the problem of lagging roof management in traditional coal mining, and significantly improved the working efficiency of coal mining and transportation equipment. In addition, the application of hydraulic supports has greatly reduced the labor intensity of coal miners and maximized their life safety.

[0003] The existing hydraulic support structure is as follows: CN115638012A discloses a thin coal seam large-angle light end hydraulic support, which includes: a base and a top beam, at least one top anti-falling component is installed on one side of the top beam, and at least one bottom anti-skid component is installed on one side of the base; wherein the top anti-falling component is configured to swing up and down in a vertical direction; and the bottom anti-skid component is configured to swing up and down in a vertical direction.

[0004] CN118148680A discloses a hydraulic support, a group support and a control method for a hydraulic support, wherein the hydraulic support is applied to a comprehensive mining face system, wherein the comprehensive mining face system includes a scraper conveyor, and the scraper conveyor includes a plurality of nodes connected in sequence; a position sensor, a controller and a driving mechanism are provided on the hydraulic support, and the position sensor is coupled to the controller; wherein the hydraulic support is connected to the node of the scraper conveyor through the driving mechanism; the position sensor is configured to determine the position of the hydraulic support; the controller is configured to control the driving mechanism to drive the hydraulic support to move; the controller is further configured to obtain a first position determined by the position sensor at a first moment; the controller is further configured to control the driving mechanism to stop when it is determined that the distance between the first position and the first target position is less than or equal to a first predetermined value.

[0005] CN102128041B discloses a hydraulic support bottom lifting device and a hydraulic support, comprising a hydraulic support base (10) and a bottom lifting jack (20), wherein a relative positioning seat (30) is provided on the inner side of the hydraulic support base (10), a fixing block (40) locked by a pin is provided in the opening of the positioning seat (30), and protrusions (20-1) on both sides of the bottom lifting jack (20) are located in the positioning holes formed by the fixing block (40) and the positioning seat (30); the protrusions (20-1) on both sides of the bottom lifting jack (20) are rectangular and fit into the positioning holes formed by the fixing block (40) and the positioning seat (30); the fixing block (40) is trapezoidal, and its inclined surface faces the bottom lifting jack (20).

[0006] It can be seen that the existing hydraulic supports have the following problems: 1. The lack of a leveling mechanism makes the base unable to adapt to uneven ground, thus reducing the overall stability; 2. Although a bottom lifting mechanism is provided, the existing bottom lifting mechanism is mostly driven by a jack. Due to the limitation of the shape and extension distance of the jack, the space occupied is still relatively large. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic support and a method of using the same to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a hydraulic support, including a base and a top beam arranged above the base via a column, the front and rear ends of the top beam are respectively hinged with side guard plates and protective beams, a push jack is arranged in the middle of the base, a bottom lifting mechanism is arranged between the push jack and the base, and a plurality of leveling components are arranged at the bottom end of the base and around the position of the bottom lifting mechanism, each leveling component includes a top guide block fixed on the base, a wedge block fitted with the bottom end inclined surface of the top guide block, and a bottom guide block fitted with the bottom end of the wedge block, the top inclined surface of the bottom guide block fits with the wedge block, the bottom end of the bottom guide block contacts the ground, the end of the wedge block is vertically rotatably connected to one end of an adjusting rod, the other end of the adjusting rod is connected with a positioning block fixed on the top guide block, the adjusting rod is threadedly connected with an adjusting nut after passing through the positioning block, and the adjusting nut is connected to a reduction motor fixed on the top guide block.

[0009] Preferably, a guide plate is also fixed to the side of the wedge block, and the upper and lower ends of the guide plate are bent inward to form guide heads. The guide heads at the upper and lower ends of the guide plate are respectively slidably connected to the inclined guide grooves opened on the side of the top guide block and the side of the bottom guide block.

[0010] Preferably, a leveling monitoring assembly is provided at the center of the bottom end of the base, and the leveling monitoring assembly includes a transparent central tube, and a transparent antenna tube is extended from the transparent central tube toward the position of each leveling assembly; A liquid storage tank is provided inside the transparent central tube, the top of the liquid storage tank is connected to one end of the transparent antenna tube, the other end of the transparent antenna tube is set as a blind end, and the capacity of the liquid storage tank is equal to the filling amount of the liquid pigment; An infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver are respectively fixed on the base and at one end of the corresponding transparent antenna tube close to the transparent central tube. The infrared receiver is electrically connected to the corresponding reduction motor via a controller.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom lifting mechanism includes a mounting shell fixed on the push jack, a bottom lifting drive motor fixed on the mounting shell, a driving shaft connected to the output end of the bottom lifting drive motor and rotatably arranged on the mounting shell, a driving sprocket fixed to the outer circumferential side of the driving shaft, and a flexible to rigid chain assembly meshing with the driving sprocket, one end of the flexible to rigid chain assembly is arranged inside the mounting shell, and the other end extends out of the mounting shell and is fixedly connected to the base.

[0012] Preferably, the flexible-to-rigid chain assembly includes a plurality of chain units that are rotatably connected in sequence, each chain unit includes a rotating pin and an inner link plate and an outer link plate that are sequentially arranged at both ends of the rotating pin, the two ends of one side of the inner link plate are rotatably connected to two adjacent outer link plates via two rotating pins respectively, a positioning pin is fixed at the middle position of the other side of the inner link plate, and positioning grooves are provided on the two outer link plates connected to the inner link plate and corresponding to the positions of the positioning pins, and the horizontal or vertical distance between two adjacent positioning pins is equal to the distance between two positioning grooves located on the same outer link plate.

[0013] Preferably, one side of the shield beam is hinged to the rear end of the top beam via a balancing jack, the other side of the shield beam is hinged to the tail beam, and one end of the shield beam close to the tail beam is rotatably connected to the base via a connecting rod structure, the connecting rod structure includes two front connecting rods and a rear connecting rod arranged in a triangular array; The tail beam comprises a tail plate hinged to the rear end of the shield beam via a protection jack and a plug plate slidably connected to the tail plate, and the plug plate and the tail plate are connected via a telescopic hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the side guard plate is a two-stage double-side guard plate structure, the side guard plate includes a primary side guard plate and a secondary side guard plate hinged to the top beam, the primary side guard plate and the secondary side guard plate each include a left guard plate and a right guard plate, one side of the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the primary side guard plate are connected to the top beam via a corresponding primary supporting jack, and the other side of the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the primary side guard plate are also connected to the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the secondary side guard plate via a corresponding secondary supporting jack.

[0015] Preferably, columns are provided on the base at positions corresponding to the front end and the rear end of the top beam respectively.

[0016] Preferably, an atomizing nozzle is fixed to the bottom end of the top beam, and the atomizing nozzle is connected to the water tank via a hose.

[0017] The working method of the hydraulic support comprises the following steps: S1. Transport the hydraulic support to the tunnel; S2, turn on the bottom lifting drive motor, the bottom lifting drive motor drives the drive sprocket to rotate, and then drives the flexible to rigid chain assembly to extend out of the mounting shell, and after extending out of the mounting shell, the positioning groove of the outer chain plate of the flexible to rigid chain assembly in a vertical state is inserted into the positioning pin, and at this time, the flexible to rigid chain assembly is in a rigid state, so as to achieve the effect of tilting the front end of the hydraulic support; S3, opening the push jack, and the push jack drives the hydraulic support to move toward the direction close to the coal wall until it reaches the designated position; S4, control the bottom lifting drive motor to run in the reverse direction until it is reset, and the base contacts the bottom plate of the tunnel again; S5, using an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver to detect whether the corresponding transparent tentacle tube is filled with liquid pigment, if so, turning on the corresponding leveling drive motor, the leveling drive motor drives the adjusting nut to rotate, under the action of the thread, drives the adjusting rod to move, and then drives the wedge block to move, increasing the distance between the top guide block and the bottom guide block, until there is no liquid pigment in the tentacle tube; if not, executing step S5; S6, control the column to rise, drive the top beam to rise until it supports the tunnel roof, close the column, and open the balance jack to adjust the angle between the top beam and the shield beam until the set angle is reached; S7, opening the primary support jack and the secondary support jack so that the side guard plates of two adjacent hydraulic supports are aligned; S8, using a coal mining machine to mine coal, and after the coal mining is completed, opening the protective jack and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder to control the tail plate to extend and block the falling of gravel; S9, control the column to descend so that the top beam is separated from the tunnel roof; S10, return to step S2, until the coal mining is completed, and recycle the hydraulic support.

[0018] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned hydraulic support and the use method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up a leveling mechanism, the vertical state of the hydraulic support can be ensured, thereby improving the stability of the hydraulic support; 2. By adopting a flexible variable rigidity chain to replace the traditional jack for bottom lifting, it can be stored in the installation shell under normal conditions and extended when in use, which greatly reduces the occupied space and broadens the overall scope of use.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydraulic support of the present invention; Figure 2 Another overall schematic diagram of a hydraulic support of the present invention from another angle; Figure 3 This is an appearance diagram of a bottom lifting mechanism of a hydraulic support of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a bottom lifting mechanism of a hydraulic support of the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a leveling component of a hydraulic support.

[0021] Reference numerals 1. Base; 2. Leveling assembly; 21. Top guide block; 22. Guide head; 23. Inclined guide slot; 24. Wedge block; 25. Guide plate; 26. Bottom guide block; 27. Gear motor; 28. Adjusting nut; 29. ​​Adjusting rod; 3. Push jack; 4. Front connecting rod; 5. Rear connecting rod; 6. Telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 7. Insert plate; 8. Tail plate; 9. Protective jack; 10. Cover beam; 11. Balance jack; 12. Column; 13. Top beam; 14. First-level supporting jack; 15. First-level side guard plate; 16. Second-level supporting jack; 17. Second-level side guard plate; 18. Leveling monitoring assembly; 181. Transparent center tube; 182. Transparent antenna tube; 183. Infrared transmitter; 184. Infrared receiver; 19. Bottom lifting mechanism; 191. Mounting shell; 192. Bottom lifting drive motor; 193. Outer chain plate; 194. Locating pin; 195. Rotating pin; 196. Inner chain plate; 197. Driving sprocket; 198. Locating groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a hydraulic support comprises a base 1 and a top beam 13 arranged above the base 1 via a column 12, the front and rear ends of the top beam 13 are respectively hinged with side guard plates and shield beams 10, a push jack 3 is arranged in the middle of the base 1, a bottom lifting mechanism 19 is arranged between the push jack 3 and the base 1, and a plurality of leveling components 2 are arranged at the bottom end of the base 1 and around the bottom lifting mechanism 19, each leveling component 2 comprises a top guide block 21 fixed on the base 1, and a bottom inclined surface of the top guide block 21 is fitted with a bottom inclined surface. The wedge block 24 and the bottom guide block 26 that fits with the bottom end of the wedge block 24, the top inclined surface of the bottom guide block 26 fits with the wedge block 24, the bottom end of the bottom guide block 26 contacts the ground, the end of the wedge block 24 is vertically rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting rod 29, the other end of the adjusting rod 29 is connected with the positioning block fixed on the top guide block 21, the adjusting rod 29 passes through the positioning block and is threadedly connected with the adjusting nut 28, and the adjusting nut 28 is connected to the reduction motor 27 fixed on the top guide block 21.

[0025] In this embodiment, the push jack 3 is inverted, and the push jack 3 is connected to the conveyor via a connecting frame, that is, there is no direct connection between the push jack 3 and the conveyor, and the stability is higher.

[0026] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the base 1 adopts a fully open rigid base 1, which is helpful for removing waste and adapting to different bottom plate conditions.

[0027] A guide plate 25 is also fixed to the side of the wedge block 24. The upper and lower ends of the guide plate 25 are bent inward to form a guide head 22. The guide heads 22 at the upper and lower ends of the guide plate 25 are slidably connected to the inclined guide grooves 23 opened on the side of the top guide block 21 and the side of the bottom guide block 26 respectively. The stability of the bottom lifting is further improved by setting the guide blocks.

[0028] A leveling monitoring component 18 is arranged at the center position of the bottom end of the base 1, and the leveling monitoring component 18 includes a transparent central tube 181, and a transparent tentacle tube 182 is extended from the transparent central tube 181 toward the position of each leveling component 2; a liquid storage tank is opened inside the transparent central tube 181, and the top of the liquid storage tank is connected to one end of the transparent tentacle tube 182, and the other end of the transparent tentacle tube 182 is arranged as a blind end, and the capacity of the liquid storage tank is equal to the filling amount of the liquid pigment; an infrared transmitter 183 and an infrared receiver 184 are respectively fixed on the base 1 and at one end of the corresponding transparent tentacle tube 182 close to the transparent central tube 181, and the infrared receiver 184 is electrically connected to the corresponding reduction motor 27 through the controller.

[0029] The above structure is used to achieve that when the tunnel ground is uneven, the base 1 is in a tilted state. At this time, the liquid pigment flows from the transparent central tube 181 into the transparent antenna tube 182 at the lower end. At this time, the light emitted by the infrared transmitter 183 aligned with the transparent antenna tube 182 is blocked, and the infrared receiver 184 sends a blocking signal to the controller. The controller controls the corresponding reduction motor 27 to work, and uses the wedge block 24 to drive the base 1 at this end to rise until it is horizontal.

[0030] It should be noted that the above-mentioned electronic components are mature products on the market. This embodiment only needs to purchase them and connect them according to the instructions. No improvement is made to them, so their circuit connection structure and principle will not be described in detail here.

[0031] The bottom lifting mechanism 19 includes a mounting shell 191 fixed on the push jack 3, a bottom lifting drive motor 192 fixed on the mounting shell 191, a driving shaft connected to the output end of the bottom lifting drive motor 192 and rotatably arranged on the mounting shell 191, a driving sprocket 197 fixed on the outer circumferential side of the driving shaft, and a flexible to rigid chain assembly meshing with the driving sprocket 197, one end of the flexible to rigid chain assembly is arranged inside the mounting shell 191, and the other end extends out of the mounting shell 191 and is fixedly connected to the base 1.

[0032] Specifically, the flexible-rigid chain assembly includes a plurality of chain units connected in rotation in sequence, each chain unit includes a rotating pin 195 and an inner link plate 196 and an outer link plate 193 sequentially arranged at both ends of the rotating pin 195, one end of the inner link plate 196 is connected in rotation with two adjacent outer link plates 193 via two rotating pins 195, a positioning pin 194 is fixed at the middle position of the other side of the inner link plate 196, and positioning grooves 198 are provided on the two outer link plates 193 connected to the inner link plate 196 and corresponding to the positions of the positioning pins 194, and the horizontal or vertical distance between two adjacent positioning pins 194 is equal to the distance between the two positioning grooves 198 located on the same outer link plate 193.

[0033] One side of the shielding beam 10 is hinged to the rear end of the top beam 13 via a balancing jack 11, and the other side of the shielding beam 10 is hinged to the tail beam, and the end of the shielding beam 10 close to the tail beam is rotatably connected to the base 1 via a connecting rod structure. The connecting rod structure includes two front-end connecting rods 4 and a rear-end connecting rod 5 arranged in a triangular array. By arranging the front-end connecting rod 4 and the rear-end connecting rod 5, the horizontal force caused by the frame shifting can be withstood, and the horizontal thrust resistance performance is good, so that the frame shifting with top pressure can be realized; the tail beam includes a tail plate 8 hinged to the rear end of the shielding beam 10 via a protective jack 9 and a plug plate 7 slidably connected to the tail plate 8, and the plug plate 7 and the tail plate 8 are connected via a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 6.

[0034] The side guard plate is a two-stage double-side guard plate structure, and the side guard plate includes a first-level side guard plate 15 and a second-level side guard plate 17 hinged to the top beam 13. The first-level side guard plate 15 and the second-level side guard plate 17 both include a left guard plate and a right guard plate. One side of the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the first-level side guard plate 15 is connected to the top beam 13 via the corresponding first-level supporting jack 14, and the other side of the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the first-level side guard plate 15 is also connected to the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the second-level side guard plate 17 via the corresponding second-level supporting jack 16.

[0035] It adopts a two-stage double-side guard plate structure, which can move alternately, that is, when the left guard plate is folded, the right guard plate is unfolded, and when the right guard plate is folded, the left guard plate is unfolded. Each side guard plate is controlled by a separate jack, which can reduce the impact on the hydraulic support when the working surface changes and improve the overall safety and stability.

[0036] The base 1 is provided with columns 12 at positions corresponding to the front end and the rear end of the top beam 13 . The structure in which the columns 12 are arranged at the front and the back is more stable than a single column 12 structure.

[0037] An atomizing nozzle is fixed at the bottom end of the top beam 13, which is connected to the water storage tank via a hose. It can spray atomized water droplets during coal mining, reduce the floating and sinking caused by coal mining in the tunnel, and improve the air quality in the tunnel.

[0038] The working method of the hydraulic support comprises the following steps: S1. Transport the hydraulic support to the tunnel; S2, turn on the bottom lifting drive motor 192, the bottom lifting drive motor 192 drives the drive sprocket 197 to rotate, and then drives the flexible to rigid chain assembly to extend out of the mounting shell 191, and after extending out of the mounting shell 191, the positioning groove 198 of the outer chain plate 193 of the flexible to rigid chain assembly in a vertical state is inserted into the positioning pin 194, and at this time, the flexible to rigid chain assembly is in a rigid state, so as to achieve the effect of tilting the front end of the hydraulic support; S3, opening the push jack 3, and the push jack 3 drives the hydraulic support to move toward the direction close to the coal wall until it reaches the designated position; S4, controlling the bottom lifting drive motor 192 to run in the reverse direction until it is reset, and the base 1 contacts the bottom plate of the tunnel again; S5, using the infrared transmitter 183 and the infrared receiver 184 to detect whether the corresponding transparent antenna tube 182 is filled with liquid pigment, if so, turn on the corresponding leveling drive motor, the leveling drive motor drives the adjusting nut 28 to rotate, under the action of the thread, drives the adjusting rod 29 to move, and then drives the wedge block 24 to move, increasing the distance between the top guide block 21 and the bottom guide block 26, until there is no liquid pigment in the antenna tube; if not, execute step S5; S6, control the column 12 to rise, drive the top beam 13 to rise until it supports the tunnel roof, close the column 12, and open the balance jack 11 to adjust the angle between the top beam 13 and the shield beam 10 until the set angle; S7, opening the primary support jack 14 and the secondary support jack 16, so that the side guard plates of two adjacent hydraulic supports are aligned; S8, using the coal mining machine to mine coal, and after the coal mining is completed, opening the protective jack 9 and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 6, controlling the tail plate 8 to extend, and blocking the falling of gravel; S9, controlling the column 12 to descend so that the top beam 13 is separated from the tunnel roof; S10, return to step S2, until the coal mining is completed, and recycle the hydraulic support.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support, comprising a base and a top beam arranged above the base via a column, the front and rear ends of the top beam are respectively hinged with side guard plates and shield beams, a push jack is arranged in the middle of the base, and a bottom lifting mechanism is arranged between the push jack and the base, characterized in that: A plurality of leveling components are arranged at the bottom end of the base and around the bottom lifting mechanism, each leveling component includes a top guide block fixed on the base, a wedge block fitted with the bottom end inclined surface of the top guide block, and a bottom guide block fitted with the bottom end of the wedge block, the top inclined surface of the bottom guide block fits with the wedge block, the bottom end of the bottom guide block contacts the ground, the end of the wedge block is vertically rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting rod, the other end of the adjusting rod is connected to the positioning block fixed on the top guide block, the adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut after passing through the positioning block, and the adjusting nut is connected to the reduction motor fixed on the top guide block.

2. A hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate is also fixed to the side of the wedge block. The upper and lower ends of the guide plate are bent inward to form guide heads. The guide heads at the upper and lower ends of the guide plate are slidably connected to the inclined guide grooves opened on the side of the top guide block and the side of the bottom guide block respectively.

3. A hydraulic support according to claim 2, characterized in that: A leveling monitoring component is arranged at the center of the bottom end of the base, and the leveling monitoring component comprises a transparent central tube, and a transparent antenna tube is extended from the transparent central tube toward the position of each leveling component; A liquid storage tank is provided inside the transparent central tube, the top of the liquid storage tank is connected to one end of the transparent antenna tube, the other end of the transparent antenna tube is set as a blind end, and the capacity of the liquid storage tank is equal to the filling amount of the liquid pigment; An infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver are respectively fixed on the base and at one end of the corresponding transparent antenna tube close to the transparent central tube. The infrared receiver is electrically connected to the corresponding reduction motor via a controller.

4. A hydraulic support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom lifting mechanism includes a mounting shell fixed on the push jack, a bottom lifting drive motor fixed on the mounting shell, a driving shaft connected to the output end of the bottom lifting drive motor and rotatably arranged on the mounting shell, a driving sprocket fixed on the outer circumference of the driving shaft, and a flexible to rigid chain assembly meshed with the driving sprocket, one end of the flexible to rigid chain assembly is arranged inside the mounting shell, and the other end extends out of the mounting shell and is fixedly connected to the base.

5. A hydraulic support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flexible-rigid chain assembly includes a plurality of chain units that are rotatably connected in sequence, each chain unit includes a rotating pin and an inner link plate and an outer link plate that are sequentially arranged at both ends of the rotating pin, the two ends of one side of the inner link plate are rotatably connected to two adjacent outer link plates via two rotating pins respectively, a positioning pin is fixed at the middle position of the other side of the inner link plate, and positioning grooves are provided on the two outer link plates connected to the inner link plate and at the positions corresponding to the positioning pins, and the horizontal or vertical distance between two adjacent positioning pins is equal to the distance between two positioning grooves located on the same outer link plate.

6. A hydraulic support according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of the shield beam is hinged to the rear end of the top beam via a balancing jack, and the other side of the shield beam is hinged to the tail beam, and the end of the shield beam close to the tail beam is rotatably connected to the base via a connecting rod structure, and the connecting rod structure includes two front connecting rods and a rear connecting rod arranged in a triangular array; The tail beam comprises a tail plate hinged to the rear end of the shield beam via a protection jack and a plug plate slidably connected to the tail plate, and the plug plate and the tail plate are connected via a telescopic hydraulic cylinder.

7. A hydraulic support according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side guard plate is a two-stage double-side guard plate structure, and the side guard plate includes a first-level side guard plate and a second-level side guard plate hinged to the top beam. The first-level side guard plate and the second-level side guard plate both include a left guard plate and a right guard plate. One side of the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the first-level side guard plate are connected to the top beam via the corresponding first-level supporting jack, and the other side of the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the first-level side guard plate are also connected to the left guard plate and the right guard plate of the second-level side guard plate via the corresponding second-level supporting jack.

8. A hydraulic support according to claim 7, characterized in that: Vertical columns are arranged on the base at positions corresponding to the front end and the rear end of the top beam respectively.

9. A hydraulic support according to claim 8, characterized in that: An atomizing nozzle is fixed at the bottom end of the top beam, and a hose of the atomizing nozzle is connected to the water storage tank.

10. A method for operating a hydraulic support according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Transport the hydraulic support to the tunnel; S2, turn on the bottom lifting drive motor, the bottom lifting drive motor drives the drive sprocket to rotate, and then drives the flexible to rigid chain assembly to extend out of the mounting shell, and after extending out of the mounting shell, the positioning groove of the outer chain plate of the flexible to rigid chain assembly in a vertical state is inserted into the positioning pin, and at this time, the flexible to rigid chain assembly is in a rigid state, so as to achieve the effect of tilting the front end of the hydraulic support; S3, opening the push jack, and the push jack drives the hydraulic support to move toward the direction close to the coal wall until it reaches the designated position; S4, control the bottom lifting drive motor to run in the reverse direction until it is reset, and the base contacts the bottom plate of the tunnel again; S5, using an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver to detect whether the corresponding transparent tentacle tube is filled with liquid pigment, if so, turning on the corresponding leveling drive motor, the leveling drive motor drives the adjusting nut to rotate, under the action of the thread, drives the adjusting rod to move, and then drives the wedge block to move, increasing the distance between the top guide block and the bottom guide block, until there is no liquid pigment in the tentacle tube; if not, executing step S5; S6, control the column to rise, drive the top beam to rise until it supports the tunnel roof, close the column, and open the balance jack to adjust the angle between the top beam and the shield beam until the set angle is reached; S7, opening the primary support jack and the secondary support jack so that the side guard plates of two adjacent hydraulic supports are aligned; S8, using a coal mining machine to mine coal, and after the coal mining is completed, opening the protective jack and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder to control the tail plate to extend and block the falling of gravel; S9, control the column to descend so that the top beam is separated from the tunnel roof; S10, return to step S2, until the coal mining is completed, and recycle the hydraulic support.

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