Sensor and detection method

Abstract

The invention provides a sensor and a detection method. The sensor comprises a shell, a gravity rod, a tower inclination detection assembly and a traction piece. The top of the gravity rod is rotationally connected to the inner side of the top wall of the shell. The pole tower inclination detection assembly comprises a target magnetic source and a sensor chip, one of the target magnetic source and the sensor chip is fixed to the bottom of the gravity pole, and the other one is fixed to the inner side of the side wall of the shell; and the traction piece is used for periodically pulling the gravity rod to a set position and releasing the gravity rod. The traction piece is additionally arranged in the sensor, a detection mode of actively swinging the gravity rod is adopted, the equipment measurement precision is improved, measurement of tiny inclination of a tower is achieved, and meanwhile the sensor can be miniaturized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pole tower tilt measurement, in particular to a sensor and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, poles and towers are key structures that support transmission lines. They undertake the important task of transmitting electric energy. However, due to the influence of various factors, such as geological conditions, natural disasters, and aging, poles and towers may tilt. This tilt not only affects the efficiency and stability of power transmission, but may also cause serious safety accidents. Therefore, measuring the tilt of power system towers is crucial to evaluate the structural safety and stability of towers.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN118706086A discloses a pole tower tilt detection device and detection method. The invention adopts a magnetic field component and a magnetic sensor combination. The magnetic field strength at the current position is detected by the magnetic sensor, and whether the pole tower is tilted and the tilt angle can be obtained through simple trigonometric calculation. However, in actual situations, the sensing and measuring equipment is integrated and miniaturized. If the structure is miniaturized, the length of the gravity rod must be very short (not more than 3 cm). In this case, if the inclination angle of the pole tower is too small, the swing amplitude of the gravity rod is very small, that is, the magnetic field change at the sensor is negligible and difficult to measure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to miniaturize the sensor while ensuring the tilt detection accuracy.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0006] The sensor includes a shell, a gravity rod, a pole tower tilt detection assembly, and a traction member; the top of the gravity rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the shell top wall; the pole tower tilt detection assembly includes a targeted magnetic source and a sensor chip, one of which is fixed to the bottom of the gravity rod, and the other is fixed to the inner side of the shell side wall; the traction member is used to periodically pull the gravity rod to a set position and release the gravity rod. The present invention adds a traction member inside the sensor and adopts a detection method of actively swinging the gravity rod to improve the measurement accuracy of the equipment, realize the measurement of the slight tilt of the pole tower, and the sensor can also be miniaturized.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the gravity rod is connected to the inner side of the top of the shell through an ultra-low resistance connection mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the targeted magnetic source is a permanent magnet.

[0009] Furthermore, the swing center line of the gravity rod is perpendicular to the top wall of the shell.

[0010] Furthermore, a horizontal calibration structure is provided on the outer side of the shell.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a wireless transmission module, and the sensor chip is electrically connected to the wireless transmission module.

[0012] Furthermore, the gravity rod is a non-metallic part.

[0013] Furthermore, the targeted magnetic source is fixed to the bottom of the gravity rod, the sensor chip is fixed to the inner side of the shell side wall, and the traction member is an electromagnet, which forms a magnetic attraction relationship with the targeted magnetic source.

[0014] Furthermore, the targeted magnetic source is fixed to the inner side of the shell side wall, the sensor chip is fixed to the bottom of the gravity rod, and the traction member is a mechanical traction structure.

[0015] The present invention also provides a tower tilt detection method, which uses the above-mentioned sensor and comprises the following steps:

[0016] Taking two of the sensors;

[0017] On the pole tower, two sensors are arranged perpendicular to each other so that the swinging planes of the gravity rods of the two sensors are perpendicular to each other and are marked as X detection direction and Y detection direction;

[0018] Carry out detection to obtain the inclination angle of the tower in the X detection direction and the Y detection direction.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] The present invention adds a traction member inside the sensor and adopts a detection method of actively swinging a gravity rod to improve the measurement accuracy of the equipment and realize the measurement of a slight inclination of the pole tower. At the same time, the sensor can also be miniaturized.

[0021] The sensor of the present invention can be fixed on the horizontal arm or vertical arm of the tower as an integrated whole, or one sensor can be fixed on the horizontal arm and one sensor can be fixed on the vertical arm respectively to detect the tilt state at the same time, which can ensure that if one sensor fails, the other can still work. The results of the simultaneous detection of the two sensors can verify each other, providing parameter basis for the optimization of the sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor structure in which the targeted magnetic source is fixed to the bottom of the gravity rod in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor structure in which the sensor chip is fixed to the bottom of the gravity rod in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3The swing state of the sensor in the second embodiment of the present invention when used;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sensor without traction element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] See attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 This embodiment describes a sensor, a small sensor for detecting the inclination of a pole tower, including a shell 1, a targeted magnetic source 2, a sensor chip 3, a gravity rod 4 and a traction structure 5. The targeted magnetic source and the sensor chip constitute a pole tower inclination detection component. In this embodiment, one of the targeted magnetic source and the sensor chip is fixed to the bottom end of the gravity rod, and the other is fixed to the inner side of the shell side wall. The top end of the gravity rod is movably connected to the inner top wall of the shell (ultra-low resistance connection) and can swing left and right. Figure 1 The targeting magnetic source is fixed at the bottom of the gravity rod, and the sensor chip is fixed on the inner side of the shell side wall. Figure 2 Arrange it in reverse.

[0029] In this embodiment, the top of the gravity rod is rotatably connected to a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is used to be installed on the inner side of the top wall of the shell. The connecting piece can be a spherical bearing or a hinge. The targeted magnetic source is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and the magnetic field formed is a static magnetic field. In the preferred design, the inner side surface of the shell is perpendicular to the swing surface of the gravity rod and the inner top wall of the shell is perpendicular. Before installation, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, the swing surface of the gravity rod is required to be parallel to the conventional inclined surface of the tower, so the projection line of the swing surface can be marked on the surface of the shell. During installation, the projection line is made consistent with the tilt direction of the tower to be measured. In addition, in order to facilitate data calculation, it is preferred to make the swing center line of the gravity rod on the swing surface parallel to the gravity line. For this purpose, a calibration instrument 6, such as a level meter, can be set on the top surface of the shell. When the level meter is in a horizontal state, the swing center line of the gravity rod is just parallel to the gravity line.

[0030] In this embodiment, the traction member can be an electromagnet or a mechanical arm. Figure 1 The electromagnet is shown in the figure. Figure 2The mechanical arm is shown in FIG. 1 . If an electromagnet is used, when the target magnetic source is fixed at the bottom of the gravity rod, the electromagnet can directly cooperate with the target magnetic source by magnetic attraction. When it is powered on, it can generate a magnetic field to attract the target magnetic source to drive the gravity rod to rotate to the set position. When it is powered off, the gravity rod swings freely under the action of gravity. If the sensor chip is fixed at the bottom of the gravity rod, a magnet can be fixed on the gravity rod, and the electromagnet can form a magnetic attraction with the magnet on the gravity rod by turning it on and off. Considering that the long-term start-up of the traction member will cause a large amount of power loss in the sensor device, this embodiment proposes a method for intermittent start-up detection, which mainly sends a start signal through a clock signal to start the sensor. When the detection is started, the traction member is started to complete the traction of the gravity rod, and then the gravity rod is released. The sensor realizes continuous detection within a cycle and feeds back to the host computer. The electromagnet is periodically turned on and off to realize the periodic traction and swinging of the gravity rod. If a mechanical arm is used, the mechanical arm periodically grabs and releases the gravity rod to realize the periodic swing of the gravity rod. It should be noted that the position of the traction member should not interfere with the movement of the gravity rod that swings freely after being released. As for how to fix the electromagnet and the mechanical arm, conventional fixing means such as screws, bonding, and clamping can be used, which will not be described in detail here.

[0031] This embodiment is based on the design of the traction member, which can increase the swing amplitude of the gravity rod, so the length of the gravity rod can be optimized to no more than 3 cm, making the sensor miniaturized to a great extent.

[0032] In this embodiment, the sensor chip includes a detector, which is a magnetoresistive sensor chip or a Hall sensor chip, which is used to detect the magnetic field at the location and generate a detection signal. The magnetoresistive sensor chip can be an anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor AMR or a giant magnetoresistive sensor GMR or a tunnel magnetoresistive sensor TMR. The sensor chip also includes a signal collector, which is connected to the detector and is used to collect the detection signal output by the detector. The sensor chip also has a built-in communication chip, which wirelessly transmits the collected magnetic field signal to the host computer through the built-in communication chip, and the host computer determines the tilt condition. The host computer is located in the interval detection room, and each sensor chip is affixed with a label corresponding to the pole tower. The operator can know which pole tower is tilted in the detection room without having to go to the site for field monitoring.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] The sensor based on Example 1 is used to detect the inclination of the pole tower. The specific operation is as follows: the sensor can be fixed to the horizontal arm or vertical arm of the pole tower, as long as the upper and lower positions of the sensor are correct. The fixing method of the sensor shell and the horizontal arm or vertical arm can be bolted, tied, or glued, which will not be described in detail. In addition, two sensors can be taken, and the two sensors are arranged perpendicular to each other on the pole tower so that the swing planes of the gravity rods of the two are perpendicular to each other, that is, in a coordinate system, the height directions of the shells of the two sensors are placed parallel to the z-axis direction, but one is the swing plane on the y=0 plane, and the other is the swing plane on the x=0 plane, which are respectively recorded as the X detection direction and the Y detection direction, that is, the tilt detection direction of the sensor; implement the detection, obtain the tilt angle of the pole tower in the X detection direction and the Y detection direction, and the final tilt angle can be inferred, or it can be directly displayed as the tilt angle in the XY direction.

[0035] After the sensor is fixed to the tower, the traction member periodically pulls and releases the gravity rod, such as Figure 3 As shown, let L1 be the position of the gravity rod when the tower is not tilted, L2 be the position of the gravity rod when it is tilted, the angle between L1 and L2 be a, L5 be the initial position of the gravity rod during traction, L3 be the theoretical swing limit position that can be reached by releasing the gravity rod when the tower is not tilted, and be symmetrical about L1, L4 be the theoretical swing limit position that can be reached by releasing the gravity rod when the tower is tilted, and be symmetrical about L2, H be the distance between the gravity rod and the targeted magnetic source and the sensor chip on the side wall when the tower is not tilted, R be the length of the gravity rod, and b be the traction angle at which the traction member can pull the gravity rod in the initial state; after the tower is tilted, △h2 be the distance of the change of the magnetic source, and assuming the tilt angle a and the traction angle b, then △h2≈R sin(2a+b)-Rsin(b).

[0036] Figure 4 It is the swing angle of the gravity rod with the same length and without the traction member. Assume that a=2° and the traction angle b=30°. Figure 4 The distance of the medium magnetic source change △h1≈R sin(a)=0.034R, Figure 3 The distance of the change of the medium magnetic source △h2≈Rsin(2a+b)-Rsin(b)=0.059R, △h2>△h1, which fully proves that the use of the traction part makes the gravity rod swing with a large amplitude and the magnetic field change greatly, thus improving the detection accuracy.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sensor, characterized in that It includes a shell, a gravity rod, a pole tower inclination detection component, and a traction member; the top of the gravity rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the shell top wall; the pole tower inclination detection component includes a targeted magnetic source and a sensor chip, one of which is fixed to the bottom of the gravity rod, and the other is fixed to the inner side of the shell side wall; the traction member is used to periodically pull the gravity rod to a set position and release the gravity rod.

2. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that The top of the gravity rod is connected to the inner side of the top of the shell through an ultra-low resistance connection mechanism.

3. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that The targeted magnetic source is a permanent magnet.

4. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that The swing center line of the gravity rod is perpendicular to the top wall of the shell.

5. The sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that A horizontal calibration structure is arranged on the outer side of the shell.

6. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a wireless transmission module, and the sensor chip is electrically connected to the wireless transmission module.

7. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that The gravity rod is a non-metallic part.

8. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that The targeted magnetic source is fixed to the bottom of the gravity rod, the sensor chip is fixed to the inner side of the shell side wall, and the traction member is an electromagnet, which forms a magnetic attraction relationship with the targeted magnetic source.

9. The sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that The targeted magnetic source is fixed to the inner side of the shell side wall, the sensor chip is fixed to the bottom of the gravity rod, and the traction member is a mechanical traction structure.

10. A method for detecting a tower tilt, using the sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Include: Taking two of the sensors; On the pole tower, two sensors are arranged perpendicular to each other so that the swinging planes of the gravity rods of the two sensors are perpendicular to each other and are marked as X detection direction and Y detection direction; Carry out detection to obtain the inclination angle of the tower in the X detection direction and the Y detection direction.

Images