Gear multi-ring absolute value encoder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear absolute value encoders, in particular to a gear multi-ring absolute value encoder which comprises an encoding mechanism, the encoding mechanism comprises a main shaft, the main shaft is sleeved with a centering mechanism, the centering mechanism comprises a shell, a fixing piece is arranged in the shell, the main shaft is sleeved with the fixing piece, and the fixing piece is arranged on the shell. A clamping piece is arranged in the shell, and the clamping piece is connected with an equipment shaft body; the encoder has the beneficial effects that through the arrangement of the centering mechanism, the centering mechanism can be connected with the main shaft through the fixing piece, and the centering mechanism is connected with the equipment shaft body through the clamping piece, so that centering connection of the main shaft and the equipment shaft body is realized, and a user can conveniently install the encoder on equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear absolute value encoders, and in particular to a gear multi-turn absolute value encoder. Background Art

[0002] An absolute gear encoder is a sensor that combines the functions of a gear and an absolute encoder. This device is mainly used to measure the position of a rotary motion and can provide absolute position information relative to a fixed reference point. In the fields of industrial automation, robotics, CNC machine tools, etc., absolute gear encoders are widely used to accurately control the position of devices such as motors or robotic arms.

[0003] Specifically, the absolute encoder is different from the incremental encoder, which can only provide relative position changes (i.e. how much it moves from one point to another), while the absolute encoder can give the current angular position at any time, even after power failure and restart, without the need to recalibrate the zero point. This is because each position has a unique code or value corresponding to it, usually represented by binary or other encoding methods.

[0004] Absolute gear encoders typically consist of a gear attached to a rotating shaft that interacts with a read head inside the encoder to ensure that position changes are accurately detected even at low speeds or when stopped.

[0005] When installing and using the gear absolute encoder, the encoder's main shaft needs to be connected and aligned with the shaft of the equipment. The traditional alignment connection method is more cumbersome, and it is not easy for the user to connect the main shaft with the shaft, and the operation is more time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] Therefore, a gear multi-turn absolute encoder is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problem, that is, to solve the problem that the connection between the main shaft of the absolute encoder and the shaft of the device is troublesome, time-consuming and labor-intensive, the present invention provides a gear multi-turn absolute encoder.

[0008] A gear multi-turn absolute value encoder comprises an encoding mechanism, the encoding mechanism comprises a main shaft, a centering mechanism is sleeved on the main shaft, the centering mechanism comprises a shell, a fixing piece is arranged in the shell, the fixing piece is sleeved on the main shaft, a clamping piece is arranged in the shell, and the clamping piece is connected to the equipment shaft.

[0009] Specifically, when in use, the main shaft is inserted into the shell, and then the fixing piece is connected to the main shaft, and then the device shaft is inserted into the shell, and the clamping piece is connected to the device shaft, so as to achieve a centering connection between the main shaft and the device shaft.

[0010] By setting up the centering mechanism, the centering mechanism can be connected to the main shaft through the fixing part, and the centering mechanism can be connected to the device shaft through the clamping part, so that the main shaft and the device shaft are connected in a centering connection, which is convenient for the user to install the encoder on the device.

[0011] Preferably, the encoding mechanism includes a frame, in which a main shaft is rotatably connected, the main shaft passes through the frame, a driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft, a main shaft magnet is coaxially arranged on the driving gear, the main shaft magnet is electrically connected to a circuit board, three driven gears are uniformly rotatably connected in the frame along a circumferential direction, the three driven gears are uniformly distributed around the driving gear, the three driven gears are all meshed with the driving gear, each driven gear is coaxially arranged with a coaxial magnet, and the coaxial magnet is electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0012] By setting the driving gear and three driven gears, when the main shaft rotates, the three driven gears can be driven to rotate through the driving gear, and the rotation of the three driven gears can drive the corresponding coaxial magnets to rotate, and the position signal of the driven gear rotation is output through the circuit board, thereby outputting the angle position signal.

[0013] Preferably, a plane a is provided in the axial direction of the main shaft, and the fixing part includes a sleeve sleeved on the main shaft, the inner annular surface of the sleeve is in contact with the circumferential surface of the main shaft and the plane a, two fixing rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the sleeve, the two fixing rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, and an insertion hole is opened on the shell.

[0014] Specifically, when in use, the main shaft is inserted into the shell through the insertion hole, and the main shaft passes through the sleeve. The sleeve is mounted on the main shaft, and the inner annular surface of the sleeve fits with the circumferential surface of the main shaft and plane a. When the shell rotates, the shell drives the fixed rod to rotate, and the fixed rod drives the sleeve to rotate. When the sleeve rotates, the sleeve drives the main shaft to rotate.

[0015] By setting the fixing part, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, so that the inner ring surface of the shaft sleeve fits with the circumferential surface and plane a of the main shaft, so that the shaft sleeve can drive the main shaft to rotate.

[0016] Preferably, a plane b is provided in the axial direction of the shaft of the device, and the clamping member includes a hollow tube fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, a sliding rod is slidably connected in the hollow tube, an abutment plate is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod, and the abutment plate can be fitted with the plane b, a first spring is connected between the sliding rod and the hollow tube, a through hole is opened on the shell, and the hollow tube is connected to an air source member.

[0017] Specifically, when in use, the device shaft is inserted into the shell through the through hole, and then the plane b corresponds to the abutment plate. Then, air is supplied to the hollow tube through the air source, so that the sliding rod slides out of the hollow tube. At the same time, the sliding rod stretches the first spring, and at the same time, the sliding rod drives the abutment plate to move toward the direction close to the device shaft, so that the abutment plate abuts against the plane b on the device shaft.

[0018] By setting the clamping part, the abutment plate can fit with the plane b on the device shaft, so that when the device shaft rotates, the abutment plate can be driven to rotate through the plane b, so that the abutment plate drives the shell to rotate, and the shell drives the main shaft to rotate through the fixing part.

[0019] Preferably, the clamping member further comprises two rod sleeves rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell, a movable rod is threadedly connected in each of the rod sleeves, and ends of the two movable rods are commonly fixedly connected to an auxiliary plate.

[0020] Specifically, according to the diameter of the device shaft, the rod sleeve is rotated to move the movable rod, and the movable rod drives the auxiliary plate to move, so that the auxiliary plate moves to an appropriate position; after the device shaft is inserted into the shell, the device shaft is first abutted against the auxiliary plate.

[0021] By setting the rod sleeve, the position of the auxiliary plate can be adjusted according to the diameter of the device shaft during use, so that after the device shaft is inserted into the shell, the device shaft abuts against the auxiliary plate, making the device shaft coaxial with the main shaft.

[0022] Preferably, the air source component includes a cylinder body fixedly connected in the shell, a sliding plate is slidably connected in the cylinder body, a second spring is connected between the sliding plate and the cylinder body, a push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, the push rod extends out of the cylinder body, the push rod can abut against the end of the device shaft, and an air pipe is connected to the cylinder body, and the air pipe is connected to the hollow tube.

[0023] Specifically, during use, when the device shaft is inserted into the shell, the end of the device shaft abuts against the push rod, so that the push rod drives the sliding plate to compress the second spring, so that the gas in the cylinder enters the hollow tube through the air pipe, thereby making the abutment plate abut against the b-side of the device shaft.

[0024] By setting up the air source component, when the device shaft is inserted into the shell, the gas in the cylinder can enter the hollow tube through the air pipe through the abutment push rod, so that the abutment plate abuts against the b-side of the device shaft, facilitating the docking of the main shaft and the device shaft.

[0025] Preferably, a retaining member is provided on the push rod, and the retaining member includes a sliding hole opened on the shell, an insertion rod is slidably connected in the sliding hole, the insertion rod extends out of the shell, a third spring is connected between the extended end of the insertion rod and the shell, a slot is opened on the push rod, the end of the insertion rod can be inserted into the slot, and a chamfer is provided on one end of the insertion rod close to the device axis.

[0026] Specifically, during use, when the push rod moves toward the cylinder body under the action of the device shaft, the edge of the push rod abuts against the chamfer of the insertion rod, so that the insertion rod stretches the third spring to move outward, and when the slot moves to the position of the insertion rod, the insertion rod is inserted into the insertion rod under the action of the third spring, so that the insertion rod limits the push rod; when the limit on the push rod needs to be released, the insertion rod is pulled to pull the insertion rod out of the slot, thereby releasing the limit on the push rod.

[0027] By setting the retaining member, the push rod can be locked by the insertion rod, so that the air pressure in the hollow tube is kept constant, thereby maintaining the clamping of the abutment plate on the device shaft.

[0028] Furthermore, the shell is made of transparent material.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Through the setting of the centering mechanism, the centering mechanism can be connected to the main shaft through the fixing part, and the centering mechanism can be connected to the device shaft through the clamping part, so that the main shaft and the device shaft are connected in a centering connection, which is convenient for the user to install the encoder on the device.

[0030] 2. Through the setting of the driving gear and three driven gears, when the main shaft rotates, the three driven gears can be driven to rotate through the driving gear, and the rotation of the three driven gears can drive the corresponding coaxial magnets to rotate, and the position signal of the driven gear rotation is output through the circuit board, thereby outputting the angle position signal.

[0031] 3. Through the setting of the fixing part, the sleeve is set on the main shaft, so that the inner ring surface of the sleeve fits with the circumferential surface of the main shaft and plane a, so that the sleeve can drive the main shaft to rotate. Through the setting of the clamping part, the abutment plate can fit with plane b on the device shaft, so that when the device shaft rotates, the abutment plate can be driven to rotate through plane b, so that the abutment plate drives the shell to rotate, and the shell drives the main shaft to rotate through the fixing part.

[0032] 4. By setting the rod sleeve, the position of the auxiliary plate can be adjusted according to the diameter of the device shaft during use, so that after the device shaft is inserted into the shell, the device shaft abuts against the auxiliary plate, making the device shaft coaxial with the main shaft.

[0033] 5. Through the setting of the air source part, when the device shaft is inserted into the shell, the gas in the cylinder can enter the hollow tube through the air pipe through the abutment push rod, so that the abutment plate abuts against the b-side of the device shaft, which facilitates the docking of the main shaft and the device shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Isometric section view at AA; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Isometric section view at the middle BB; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Isometric section view at mid-CC; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 7 It is a left side view of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Isometric section view at EE in the middle; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of point F in the middle.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Encoding mechanism; 11. Main shaft; 12. Frame; 13. Driving gear; 14. Driven gear; 2. Centering mechanism; 21. Shell; 22. Fixing member; 221. Bushing; 222. Fixing rod; 223. Insertion hole; 23. Clamping member; 231. Hollow tube; 232. Sliding rod; 233. Abutment plate; 234. First spring; 235. Through hole; 236. Rod sleeve; 237. Movable rod; 238. Auxiliary plate; 24. Air source member; 241. Cylinder body; 242. Sliding plate; 243. Second spring; 244. Push rod; 245. Air pipe; 25. Holding member; 251. Sliding hole; 252. Insertion rod; 253. Third spring; 254. Slot; 3. Equipment axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a gear multi-turn absolute encoder, including an encoding mechanism 1, the encoding mechanism 1 includes a main shaft 11, a centering mechanism 2 is sleeved on the main shaft 11, the centering mechanism 2 includes a shell 21, a fixing member 22 is arranged in the shell 21, the fixing member 22 is sleeved on the main shaft 11, a clamping member 23 is arranged in the shell 21, and the clamping member 23 is connected to the device shaft 3.

[0038] Specifically, when in use, the main shaft 11 is inserted into the shell 21, and then the fixing member 22 is connected to the main shaft 11, and then the device shaft 3 is inserted into the shell 21, and the clamping member 23 is connected to the device shaft 3, thereby realizing the centering connection between the main shaft 11 and the device shaft 3.

[0039] By setting the centering mechanism 2, the centering mechanism 2 can be connected to the main shaft 11 through the fixing member 22, and the centering mechanism 2 can be connected to the device shaft 3 through the clamping member 23, so that the main shaft 11 and the device shaft 3 are centrally connected, which is convenient for the user to install the encoder on the device.

[0040] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in FIG. 8 , the encoding mechanism 1 includes a frame 12, in which a main shaft 11 is rotatably connected, the main shaft 11 passes through the frame 12, a driving gear 13 is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 11, a main shaft magnet is coaxially arranged on the driving gear 13, and the main shaft magnet is electrically connected to a circuit board, and three driven gears 14 are evenly rotatably connected in the frame 12 along a circumferential direction, the three driven gears 14 are evenly distributed around the driving gear 13, the three driven gears 14 are all meshed with the driving gear 13, each driven gear 14 is coaxially arranged with a coaxial magnet, and the coaxial magnet is electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0041] Specifically, when in use, the device shaft 3 rotates, the device shaft 3 drives the clamping member 23 to rotate, the clamping member 23 drives the housing 21 to rotate, the housing 21 drives the fixing member 22 to rotate, the fixing member 22 drives the main shaft 11 to rotate, the main shaft 11 drives the driving gear 13 to rotate, the driving gear 13 drives the driven gear 14 to rotate, and the driven gear 14 drives the corresponding coaxial magnet to rotate. During the rotation of the magnet, the N and S poles of the magnet are used to distinguish the angular position of the magnet's rotation to give a position signal to the magnetic induction chip on the corresponding circuit board. Since the number of teeth of the three gears is different, when the three gears rotate synchronously, The NS pole rotation position of each magnet is also different, so the magnetic sensing chip corresponding to the spindle gear magnet feeds back a single-turn angular position digital signal, and the magnets of the three gears correspond to the magnetic sensing chips that feed back different angular position digital signals. The different position digital signals fed back by 1, 2, and 3 are used to calculate the non-repetitive position signal in the range of 1-10800 turns through the microcontroller software, and the single-turn position signal fed back by the spindle gear is combined to directly output the angular position signal after it is greater than 360 degrees. The SPI interface signal of the magnetic sensing chip is converted into the communication protocol commonly used in industrial products using the microcontroller language.

[0042] By setting the driving gear 13 and the three driven gears 14, when the main shaft 11 rotates, the three driven gears 14 can be driven to rotate through the driving gear 13, and the rotation of the three driven gears 14 can drive the corresponding coaxial magnets to rotate, and the position signal of the driven gear 14 after rotation is output through the circuit board, thereby outputting the angle position signal.

[0043] Furthermore, the gear structure of the gear absolute encoder is evolved from the principle of mechanical watches. Through the principle of multiple gear sets and magnetic magnetic fields, with the help of electrical hardware and software, an angle position measurement feedback of more than 360 degrees in a single circle is generally made by installing a coaxial bipolar magnet on the end face of a main shaft as a single-circle counting gear to sense the coaxial magnetic chip. The magnetic chip outputs an SPI signal to feedback the angle position of a single circle. The coaxial gear of the main shaft drives the other three driven gears to rotate at the same time. Each driven gear end face is also equipped with a coaxial bipolar magnet corresponding to a magnetic chip. The gear ratios of the three driven gears are 52 teeth, 54 teeth and 64 teeth respectively. Then the SPI position signals output by the magnetic chips corresponding to the coaxial bipolar magnets on the end faces of the three driven gears are transmitted to the MCU at the same time. The MCU program calculates the non-repetitive position signals of more than one circle and superimposes the angle position signals of a single circle, so that the angle position signal feedback of more than one circle can be obtained.

[0044] like Figure 8 , 9As shown, a plane a is provided in the axial direction of the main shaft 11, and the fixing member 22 includes a sleeve 221 sleeved on the main shaft 11, the inner annular surface of the sleeve 221 is fitted with the circumferential surface of the main shaft 11 and the plane a, and two fixing rods 222 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the sleeve 221, and the two fixing rods 222 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 21, and an insertion hole 223 is opened on the shell 21.

[0045] Specifically, when in use, the main shaft 11 is inserted into the shell 21 through the insertion hole 223, and the main shaft 11 passes through the sleeve 221. The sleeve 221 is sleeved on the main shaft 11, and the inner annular surface of the sleeve 221 fits with the circumferential surface and plane a of the main shaft 11. When the shell 21 rotates, the shell 21 drives the fixing rod 222 to rotate, and the fixing rod 222 drives the sleeve 221 to rotate. When the sleeve 221 rotates, the sleeve 221 drives the main shaft 11 to rotate.

[0046] By setting the fixing member 22 , the sleeve 221 is sleeved on the main shaft 11 , so that the inner annular surface of the sleeve 221 fits with the circumferential surface and plane a of the main shaft 11 , so that the sleeve 221 can drive the main shaft 11 to rotate.

[0047] like Figure 5 , 8 As shown in FIG. 9 , a plane b is provided in the axial direction of the device shaft 3, and the clamping member 23 includes a hollow tube 231 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 21, a sliding rod 232 is slidably connected in the hollow tube 231, and an abutment plate 233 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod 232, and the abutment plate 233 can fit with the plane b, a first spring 234 is connected between the sliding rod 232 and the hollow tube 231, a through hole 235 is provided on the shell 21, and the hollow tube 231 is connected to an air source member 24.

[0048] Specifically, when in use, the device shaft 3 is inserted into the shell 21 through the through hole 235, and then the plane b corresponds to the abutment plate 233. Then, air is supplied to the hollow tube 231 through the air source part 24, so that the sliding rod 232 slides out of the hollow tube 231. At the same time, the sliding rod 232 stretches the first spring 234. At the same time, the sliding rod 232 drives the abutment plate 233 to move toward the direction close to the device shaft 3, so that the abutment plate 233 abuts against the plane b on the device shaft 3.

[0049] By setting the clamping member 23, the abutment plate 233 can fit with the plane b on the device shaft 3, so that when the device shaft 3 rotates, the abutment plate 233 can be driven to rotate through the plane b, so that the abutment plate 233 drives the shell 21 to rotate, and the shell 21 drives the main shaft 11 to rotate through the fixing member 22.

[0050] like Figure 5 , 9 As shown, the clamping member 23 also includes two rod sleeves 236 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 21 , a movable rod 237 is threadedly connected in each of the rod sleeves 236 , and the ends of the two movable rods 237 are commonly fixedly connected to an auxiliary plate 238 .

[0051] Specifically, according to the diameter of the device shaft 3, the rod sleeve 236 is rotated to move the movable rod 237, and the movable rod 237 drives the auxiliary plate 238 to move, so that the auxiliary plate 238 moves to an appropriate position; after the device shaft 3 is inserted into the shell 21, the device shaft 3 is first abutted against the auxiliary plate 238.

[0052] By setting the rod sleeve 236, the position of the auxiliary plate 238 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the device shaft 3 during use, so that after the device shaft 3 is inserted into the shell 21, the device shaft 3 abuts against the auxiliary plate 238, making the device shaft 3 coaxial with the main shaft 11.

[0053] like Figure 6 , 9 As shown, the air source component 24 includes a cylinder body 241 fixedly connected in the shell body 21, a sliding plate 242 is slidably connected in the cylinder body 241, a second spring 243 is connected between the sliding plate 242 and the cylinder body 241, a push rod 244 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 242, the push rod 244 extends out of the cylinder body 241, the push rod 244 can abut against the end of the device shaft 3, and the cylinder body 241 is connected to an air pipe 245, and the air pipe 245 is connected to the hollow tube 231.

[0054] Specifically, during use, when the device shaft 3 is inserted into the shell 21, the end of the device shaft 3 abuts against the push rod 244, so that the push rod 244 drives the sliding plate 242 to compress the second spring 243, so that the gas in the cylinder 241 enters the hollow tube 231 through the air pipe 245, thereby making the abutment plate 233 abut against the b-side of the device shaft 3.

[0055] By setting the air source component 24, when the device shaft 3 is inserted into the shell 21, the gas in the cylinder 241 can enter the hollow tube 231 through the air pipe 245 through the abutment push rod 244, so that the abutment plate 233 abuts against the b-side of the device shaft 3, which facilitates the docking of the main shaft 11 and the device shaft 3.

[0056] like Figure 4 , 6As shown, a retaining member 25 is provided on the push rod 244, and the retaining member 25 includes a sliding hole 251 opened on the shell 21, and an insertion rod 252 is slidably connected in the sliding hole 251. The insertion rod 252 extends out of the shell 21, and a third spring 253 is connected between the extended end of the insertion rod 252 and the shell 21. A slot 254 is opened on the push rod 244, and the end of the insertion rod 252 can be inserted into the slot 254. The end of the insertion rod 252 close to the device shaft 3 is chamfered.

[0057] Specifically, during use, when the push rod 244 moves toward the direction approaching the cylinder body 241 under the action of the device shaft 3, the edge of the push rod 244 abuts against the chamfer of the insertion rod 252, so that the insertion rod 252 stretches the third spring 253 to move outward, and when the slot 254 moves to the position of the insertion rod 252, the insertion rod 252 is inserted into the insertion rod 252 under the action of the third spring 253, so that the insertion rod 252 limits the push rod 244; when it is necessary to release the limit on the push rod 244, pull the insertion rod 252 to pull the insertion rod 252 out of the slot 254, thereby releasing the limit on the push rod 244.

[0058] By setting the retaining member 25, the push rod 244 can be locked by the insert rod 252, so that the air pressure in the hollow tube 231 is kept constant, thereby maintaining the clamping of the abutment plate 233 on the device shaft 3.

[0059] Furthermore, the housing 21 is made of transparent material.

[0060] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0061] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] The term "comprise" or any other similar term is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, article, or apparatus / device.

[0063] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear multi-turn absolute encoder, characterized in that: The device comprises an encoding mechanism (1), wherein the encoding mechanism (1) comprises a main shaft (11), a centering mechanism (2) is sleeved on the main shaft (11), the centering mechanism (2) comprises a housing (21), a fixing member (22) is arranged in the housing (21), the fixing member (22) is sleeved on the main shaft (11), a clamping member (23) is arranged in the housing (21), and the clamping member (23) is connected to a device shaft (3).

2. The multi-turn absolute encoder for gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The encoding mechanism (1) comprises a frame (12), a main shaft (11) is rotatably connected in the frame (12), the main shaft (11) passes through the frame (12), a driving gear (13) is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft (11), a main shaft magnet is coaxially arranged on the driving gear (13), and the main shaft magnet is electrically connected to a circuit board; three driven gears (14) are rotatably connected in the frame (12) along a circumferential direction, the three driven gears (14) are evenly distributed around the driving gear (13), the three driven gears (14) are all meshed with the driving gear (13), each of the driven gears (14) is coaxially arranged with a coaxial magnet, and the coaxial magnet is electrically connected to the circuit board.

3. The multi-turn absolute encoder for gears according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plane a is provided in the axial direction of the main shaft (11); the fixing member (22) comprises a sleeve (221) sleeved on the main shaft (11); the inner annular surface of the sleeve (221) is in contact with the circumferential surface of the main shaft (11) and the plane a; two fixing rods (222) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the sleeve (221); the two fixing rods (222) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (21); and an insertion hole (223) is provided on the housing (21).

4. The multi-turn absolute encoder for gears according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plane b is provided in the axial direction of the device shaft (3); the clamping member (23) comprises a hollow tube (231) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (21); a sliding rod (232) is slidably connected in the hollow tube (231); an abutment plate (233) is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod (232); the abutment plate (233) can be fitted with the plane b; a first spring (234) is connected between the sliding rod (232) and the hollow tube (231); a through hole (235) is provided on the shell (21); and an air source member (24) is provided in communication with the hollow tube (231).

5. The multi-turn absolute encoder for gears according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping member (23) further comprises two rod sleeves (236) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (21), a movable rod (237) being threadedly connected in each of the rod sleeves (236), and an auxiliary plate (238) being fixedly connected to the ends of the two movable rods (237).

6. The multi-turn absolute encoder for gears according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air source component (24) comprises a cylinder body (241) fixedly connected in the housing (21); a sliding plate (242) is slidably connected in the cylinder body (241); a second spring (243) is connected between the sliding plate (242) and the cylinder body (241); a push rod (244) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (242); the push rod (244) extends out of the cylinder body (241); the push rod (244) can abut against the end of the device shaft (3); an air pipe (245) is provided in communication with the cylinder body (241); and the air pipe (245) is in communication with the hollow tube (231).

7. The gear multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The push rod (244) is provided with a retaining member (25), the retaining member (25) comprising a sliding hole (251) provided on the shell (21), an insertion rod (252) being slidably connected in the sliding hole (251), the insertion rod (252) extending out of the shell (21), a third spring (253) being connected between the extended end of the insertion rod (252) and the shell (21), a slot (254) being provided on the push rod (244), the end of the insertion rod (252) being able to be inserted into the slot (254), and a chamfer being provided at one end of the insertion rod (252) close to the device shaft (3).

8. The multi-turn absolute encoder for gears according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (21) is made of a transparent material.

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