A method for measuring the service temperature of mechanical parts

Abstract

The present application provides a method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component. The method provided by the present application includes: obtaining the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics of a temperature measuring element; the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics include a first hardness value and a first microstructure diagram; burying the temperature measuring element in a mechanical component in a non-working state, and measuring the temperature of the mechanical component in a working state; obtaining the post-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element; the post-measurement crystallization characteristics include a second hardness value and a second microstructure diagram; obtaining the pre-measurement working information of the mechanical component, determining the hardness sensitive range and microstructure sensitive range of the temperature measuring element, and determining the service temperature of the mechanical component based on the difference between the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics under the integral relative to the measured working time of the mechanical component, and the hardness difference of the temperature measuring element. The method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided by the present application is used to accurately obtain the service temperature of the mechanical component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of temperature measurement technology, and in particular to a method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component. Background Art

[0002] In industrial production applications, accurate measurement and control of the service temperature of structural components is crucial to the quality and safety of their operation. At the same time, by monitoring the temperature of components, energy consumption can be effectively reduced and energy efficiency can be improved. Existing temperature measurement methods are mainly divided into two categories: contact and non-contact temperature measurement methods. Different methods can be selected according to different test environments and requirements.

[0003] Non-contact temperature measurement technology indirectly measures the surface temperature of a device by measuring the infrared radiation emitted from key parts. However, due to the influence of various factors in the test environment, in certain scenarios, such as high-speed rotating blades, the displacement of the blades changes rapidly during operation, and non-contact temperature measurement is difficult to effectively follow the high-speed rotating blades. As a result, it is impossible to obtain the infrared radiation on the surface of key parts of the blades, and the temperature measurement error is relatively large. Contact temperature measurement technology obtains temperature information by measuring the temperature of the contact surface. However, due to the influence of various factors in the test environment, contact temperature measurement technology requires the key parts to be connected to the outside world, and its lead wires will affect the normal operation of the object being measured. At the same time, the operating environment is often an extreme temperature environment, and the applicable temperature range of ordinary temperature measurement cannot meet actual needs. Therefore, how to measure the temperature without affecting the object being measured in special scenarios has become the focus of current research. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component, so as to accurately obtain the service temperature of the mechanical component.

[0005] Specifically, the present application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present application provides a method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtaining the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element; the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics include a first hardness value and a first microstructure diagram; the temperature measuring element is a metal or metal composite whose microstructure morphology undergoes recrystallization and / or precipitation phases as the temperature rises;

[0008] The temperature measuring element is buried in a mechanical part in a non-working state, and the temperature of the mechanical part in a working state is measured;

[0009] Acquiring the post-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element after the mechanical component is in working state; the post-measurement crystallization characteristics include a second hardness value and a second microstructure diagram;

[0010] The pre-test working information of the mechanical component is obtained, the hardness sensitive range and the microstructure sensitive range of the temperature measuring element are determined, and the service temperature of the mechanical component is determined based on the difference between the pre-test crystallization characteristics and the post-test crystallization characteristics integrated relative to the measured working time of the mechanical component and the hardness difference of the temperature measuring element.

[0011] Optionally, the difference between the crystallization characteristics before the test and the crystallization characteristics after the test based on the integral relative to the measured working time of the mechanical component includes:

[0012] Based on the proportion of the newly added components in the second microstructure image compared with the first microstructure image, the difference between the pre-test crystallization characteristics and the post-test crystallization characteristics is determined.

[0013] Optionally, the difference between the crystallization characteristics before the test and the crystallization characteristics after the test based on the integral relative to the measured working time of the mechanical component includes:

[0014] When the temperature measuring element operates in the hardness sensitive range, the first service temperature of the mechanical component is determined based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value;

[0015] Correcting the first service temperature based on the areas of the regions whose brightness is higher than a first threshold value in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image, and determining the service temperature of the mechanical component;

[0016] Alternatively, when the temperature measuring element operates in a microstructure sensitive range, the service temperature range of the mechanical component is determined based on the area of ​​the region whose brightness is higher than a first threshold value in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image;

[0017] The service temperature is determined from the service temperature range based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value.

[0018] Optionally, determining the first service temperature of the mechanical component based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value includes:

[0019] Performing annealing experiments on the temperature measuring element at multiple preset temperatures to obtain corresponding annealing hardness values;

[0020] Calculating a first mapping relationship based on the annealing hardness value; wherein the first mapping relationship is used to characterize the conversion relationship between the hardness value and the first service temperature;

[0021] The first service temperature is calculated based on the first mapping relationship.

[0022] Optionally, the correcting the first service temperature based on the areas of the regions with brightness higher than a first threshold in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image to determine the service temperature of the mechanical component comprises:

[0023] Determine a microscopic temperature spectrum corresponding to a temperature measuring element based on the first microstructure diagram;

[0024] Retrieving the second microstructure diagram based on the micro-temperature map to obtain a search result;

[0025] A service temperature of the mechanical component is determined based on the search result.

[0026] Optionally, before obtaining the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element, the method further includes:

[0027] Determining an expected temperature range of the working state of the mechanical component based on a temperature simulation of the working state of the mechanical component;

[0028] Based on the expected temperature range, determining the metal or metal composition used for the temperature measurement material;

[0029] The temperature measuring material is rolled and cut to obtain the temperature measuring element.

[0030] Optionally, the crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element include the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics; and the method for acquiring the crystallization characteristics includes:

[0031] Measuring the hardness value of the temperature measuring element based on a Vickers hardness tester to obtain the first hardness value and the second hardness value;

[0032] The temperature measuring element is processed based on the target etching solution to obtain the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image.

[0033] Optionally, embedding the temperature measuring element into a mechanical component in a non-working state and measuring the temperature of the mechanical component in a working state includes:

[0034] Digging a groove at a designated position of the mechanical component;

[0035] The temperature measuring element is buried in the slot, and the mechanical component carrying the temperature measuring element is put into use;

[0036] After the mechanical component is used, the temperature measuring element is taken out from the slot.

[0037] Optionally, the temperature measuring material is rolled and cut to obtain the temperature measuring element, comprising:

[0038] dividing the temperature measuring material into a preset number of target temperature measuring materials;

[0039] Each of the target temperature measurement materials is rolled to different degrees to obtain the temperature measurement element.

[0040] Optionally, the temperature measuring material is a pure metal material or an alloy material or an oxide dispersion strengthened steel material or a material containing non-metallic doping.

[0041] Optionally, the first microstructure diagram and the second microstructure diagram include recrystallization characteristics and / or precipitation phase characteristics.

[0042] The present application provides a method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component. First, the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element are obtained. The pre-measurement crystallization characteristics include a first hardness value and a first microstructure diagram. The temperature measuring element is a metal whose microstructure morphology undergoes a recovery and recrystallization process as the temperature rises. Then, the temperature measuring element is buried in a mechanical component in a non-working state, and the temperature of the mechanical component in a working state is measured. Then, the post-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element are obtained. The post-measurement crystallization characteristics include a second hardness value and a second microstructure diagram. Finally, based on the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics, the service temperature of the mechanical component is determined. In this way, by accurately obtaining the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics, the hardness value change before and after the temperature measurement can be obtained. The hardness value change can reflect the temperature of the mechanical component during the temperature measurement process. Furthermore, by analyzing the changes in the microstructure diagram, the obtained temperature can be corrected to ensure the accuracy of temperature detection. In this way, since the temperature measuring element does not require external wires, it will not affect the normal operation of the mechanical parts. At the same time, since the temperature measuring element is buried in the mechanical parts for temperature measurement, it is not affected by the use conditions and can complete temperature measurement in any environment to accurately obtain the service temperature of the mechanical parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A flow chart of Embodiment 1 of a method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the microscopic temperature map provided in this application;

[0045] Figure 3 A flow chart of Embodiment 2 of the method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in the present application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the first mapping relationship provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Here, exemplary embodiments are described in detail, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application.

[0048] The terms used in this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this application are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0049] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present application to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0050] The present application provides a method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component, so as to accurately obtain the service temperature of the mechanical component.

[0051] Specific embodiments are given below to introduce the technical solution of the present application in detail.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in this application. Figure 1 , the method provided in this embodiment may include:

[0053] S101, obtaining the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element; the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics include a first hardness value and a first microstructure diagram; the temperature measuring element is a metal or a metal composition whose microstructure morphology undergoes recrystallization and / or precipitation phases as the temperature rises.

[0054] Specifically, the temperature measuring element is a metal element used to measure temperature. It should be noted that when the temperature of the temperature measuring element rises, the microstructure of the temperature measuring element will undergo a recovery and recrystallization process. In other words, as the temperature of the temperature measuring element rises, the defects in the temperature measuring element are reduced accordingly.

[0055] A specific embodiment is given below to introduce the acquisition process of the temperature measuring element in detail:

[0056] (1) Determine an expected temperature range of the working state of the mechanical component based on a temperature simulation of the working state of the mechanical component.

[0057] Specifically, the expected temperature range corresponding to the mechanical component can be determined by performing temperature simulation by establishing a simulation model, or the expected temperature range corresponding to the mechanical component can be determined by obtaining the historical working conditions of the mechanical component based on historical data.

[0058] Furthermore, the expected temperature range is an estimate of the temperature range of the future operation of the mechanical component before the mechanical component operates. The operating temperature range of the mechanical component can be preliminarily determined through the expected temperature range.

[0059] In specific implementation, the working conditions of different mechanical parts can be determined through temperature simulation, and a corresponding database can be constructed. Through the constructed database, the conditions of the mechanical parts during operation can be mapped through the hardness values ​​and microstructure diagrams after measurement.

[0060] (2) Based on the expected temperature range, determine the metal or metal combination used as the temperature measurement material.

[0061] Specifically, the temperature measuring material is a material used to make a temperature measuring element, and when the temperature of the temperature measuring material changes, an obvious recovery and recrystallization process will occur. It should be noted that the specific composition of the temperature measuring material is set according to actual needs, and this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0062] Optionally, the temperature measuring material is a pure metal material or an alloy material or an oxide dispersion strengthened steel material or a material containing non-metallic doping.

[0063] In specific implementation, for example, in one embodiment, ODS oxide dispersion-reinforced steel such as 11Cr-0.8Si or 9Cr-1Si may be selected as the temperature measurement material.

[0064] It should be noted that the temperature measuring range of the temperature measuring element can be adjusted by adjusting the specific composition of the temperature measuring material. For example, in one embodiment, oxide particles (such as yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide) and carbide particles (zirconium carbide, titanium carbide) are added to the temperature measuring material, and the temperature measuring range can be increased by 473K-673K. For another example, in another embodiment, helium is added to the temperature measuring material, and the temperature measuring range can be increased by 623K-723K. For another example, in yet another embodiment, hydrogen is added to the temperature measuring material, and the temperature measuring range can be increased by 373K-473K.

[0065] Furthermore, Table 1 shows the relationship between the temperature measuring material and the temperature measuring range provided in the present application. Please refer to Table 1. The temperature measuring material is made by mixing multiple components, which can further expand the temperature measuring range.

[0066] Table 1

[0067] Temperature measurement materials Temperature measurement range magnesium 423K-573K aluminum 471K-537K silver 473K-573K Iron, aluminum 471K-973K Titanium, iron, silver 473K-1073K Tungsten, iron, magnesium 423K-1673K Tungsten, titanium, iron, aluminum-magnesium alloy 473K-1673K

[0068] (3) The temperature measuring material is rolled and cut to obtain the temperature measuring element.

[0069] Specifically, the temperature measuring material is rolled so that it has an initial deformation and is in an energy unstable state. In specific implementation, different rolling speeds and rolling pressures can be used, and the temperature measuring material can be controlled to be in different energy unstable states to have different grain structures.

[0070] It should be noted that the temperature measuring range of the temperature measuring element can be adjusted by adjusting the rolling degree of the temperature measuring material.

[0071] Optionally, the temperature measuring material is rolled and cut to obtain the temperature measuring element, comprising:

[0072] (1) Divide the temperature measurement material into a preset number of target temperature measurement materials.

[0073] Specifically, the specific value of the preset number is set according to actual needs, and is not limited in this embodiment. In specific implementation, the preset number can be set according to the number of component types of the target temperature measurement material. For example, in one embodiment, the target temperature measurement material has 5 different materials, and the preset number can be determined to be 5.

[0074] Furthermore, each target temperature measurement material can be manufactured using a different rolling method.

[0075] (2) Each of the target temperature measurement materials is rolled to different degrees to obtain the temperature measurement element.

[0076] In specific implementation, in this step, the temperature measuring material can be divided into two target temperature measuring materials, the first target temperature measuring material can be rolled into a deformation amount of 80%, and the second target temperature measuring material can be rolled into a deformation amount of 50%. In this way, the temperature measuring range of the prepared temperature measuring element can be increased by 473K-573K.

[0077] The method provided in this embodiment first divides the temperature measuring material into a preset number of target temperature measuring materials, and then rolls each target temperature measuring material to different degrees to obtain a temperature measuring element. In this way, due to the different deformation amounts caused by the rolling method in the temperature measuring element, the temperature measuring range of the temperature measuring element can be further improved.

[0078] Furthermore, according to the shape and size requirements of the temperature measuring element, the temperature measuring material in the energy unstable state is cut to obtain a temperature measuring element of a required size.

[0079] The method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in this embodiment first obtains a temperature measuring material, then rolls and cuts the temperature measuring material to obtain a temperature measuring element. In this way, by ensuring that the temperature measuring element is in an energy unstable state, when the temperature measuring element is used for temperature measurement, the temperature of the mechanical component can be accurately obtained through the change of the temperature measuring element.

[0080] It can be understood that the specific number of temperature measuring elements is determined according to actual needs, and is not limited in this embodiment.

[0081] Furthermore, the pre-measurement crystallization characteristic is the initial state of the temperature measuring element before temperature detection. It should be noted that the pre-measurement crystallization state at least includes a first hardness value and a first microstructure diagram.

[0082] Furthermore, the first hardness value refers to the strength of the temperature measuring element, and the first hardness value is used to characterize its ability to resist deformation such as scratches, indentations or penetration, and is usually used to evaluate the strength of the material.

[0083] Furthermore, the first microstructure diagram characterizes the microstructure of the temperature measuring element, and displays microstructure characteristics of the temperature measuring element such as grain morphology, grain size, and grain boundary distribution through the first microstructure diagram.

[0084] Optionally, the crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element include the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics; and the method for acquiring the crystallization characteristics includes:

[0085] Measuring the hardness value of the temperature measuring element based on a Vickers hardness tester to obtain the first hardness value and the second hardness value;

[0086] The temperature measuring element is processed based on the target etching solution to obtain the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image.

[0087] In specific implementation, a Vickers hardness tester is used to measure the temperature measuring element to obtain the corresponding hardness value.

[0088] Furthermore, the target etching liquid is used to erode the temperature measuring element, so as to facilitate the display of the microstructure diagram of the temperature measuring element. It should be noted that the specific components of the target etching liquid are selected according to actual needs, and are not limited in this embodiment.

[0089] In a specific implementation, after the temperature measuring element is treated with the target corrosive liquid and then dyed, a corresponding metallographic microstructure diagram can be obtained.

[0090] The method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in this embodiment measures the hardness value of a temperature measuring element based on a Vickers hardness tester and treats the temperature measuring element based on a target corrosive liquid. In this way, the hardness value of the temperature measuring element and the metallographic microstructure diagram can be accurately obtained. At the same time, the same detection means is used in the two previous and subsequent detections, avoiding interference from other factors and ensuring the accuracy of the detection.

[0091] S102, embedding the temperature measuring element into a mechanical component in a non-working state, and measuring the temperature of the mechanical component in a working state.

[0092] Specifically, when measuring temperature, a temperature measuring element is buried in a mechanical component so that the temperature measuring element and the mechanical component complete an operation process together to measure temperature through the temperature measuring element.

[0093] A specific embodiment is given below to introduce the process of measuring temperature by a temperature measuring element:

[0094] (1) Digging a groove at a designated position of the mechanical component.

[0095] Specifically, according to the shape and size of the temperature measuring element, a slot with a corresponding shape and size is dug out at a designated position of the mechanical component.

[0096] It should be noted that the specific location of the designated position is determined according to actual needs, and is not limited in this embodiment. For example, in one embodiment, a key area of ​​a mechanical component is used as a designated location for digging a groove. For another example, in another embodiment, the surface of the mechanical component is evenly grooved at the same distance.

[0097] (2) The temperature measuring element is buried in the slot, and the mechanical component carrying the temperature measuring element is put into use.

[0098] Specifically, after the temperature measuring element is buried in the dug slot, the mechanical component is used to complete the normal operation. It should be noted that the buried temperature measuring element can be packaged and protected to prevent the temperature measuring element from being damaged or corroded during the operation of the mechanical component.

[0099] (3) After the use of the mechanical component is over, remove the temperature measuring element from the slot.

[0100] Specifically, after it is determined that the mechanical component has stopped being used, the mechanical component is removed according to the work flow, and the temperature measuring element in the slot is taken out to complete the temperature measurement.

[0101] The method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in this embodiment first digs a slot at a designated position of the mechanical component; then buries a temperature measuring element in the slot, and puts the mechanical component carrying the temperature measuring element into use; finally, after the mechanical component is used, the temperature measuring element is taken out from the slot. In this way, the temperature measuring element follows the mechanical component to operate, and the temperature is measured while the mechanical component is operating, so that the temperature measurement is completed without interfering with the operation of the mechanical component.

[0102] S103, obtaining the post-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element after the mechanical component is in working state; the post-measurement crystallization characteristics include a second hardness value and a second microstructure diagram.

[0103] Specifically, after the temperature measuring element is taken out, the post-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element are obtained. It should be noted that the post-measurement crystallization characteristics can be measured by the same means as the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics.

[0104] Furthermore, the second hardness value represents the hardness value of the temperature measuring element that has completed the temperature measurement, and the second microstructure diagram represents the microstructure of the temperature measuring element that has completed the temperature measurement. The second microstructure diagram can be represented by photographing its metallographic microstructure diagram.

[0105] In the specific implementation, the relevant introduction of this step can refer to the description in step S101, which will not be repeated here.

[0106] S104, obtaining the pre-measurement working information of the mechanical component, determining the hardness sensitive range and microstructure sensitive range of the temperature measuring element, and determining the service temperature of the mechanical component based on the difference between the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics integrated relative to the measured working time of the mechanical component and the hardness difference of the temperature measuring element.

[0107] Specifically, the pre-test working information is obtained in advance by the mechanical component before the operation, and the self-attributes and working attributes of the mechanical component can be determined through the pre-test working information. It should be noted that the self-attributes include the parameters of the mechanical component, and the working attributes include the working environment of the mechanical component, the estimated working time, and the estimated working temperature range. For example, in one embodiment, the pre-test working information can be used to determine that the mechanical component works between 673K ​​and 773K.

[0108] Furthermore, different temperature measuring elements have different hardness sensitive ranges. The material used by the temperature measuring element directly affects its hardness sensitive range. The geometric design and structure of the temperature measuring element also affect its hardness sensitive range. For example, in one embodiment, the hardness sensitive range of the temperature measuring element a made of tungsten, iron, and magnesium alloy is 673K-873K and 1473K-1673K. It should be noted that within the hardness sensitive range of the temperature measuring element, the change in temperature can easily cause a significant change in the hardness of the temperature measuring element, and the temperature condition can be accurately obtained through the change in hardness.

[0109] Furthermore, within the temperature measuring range of the temperature measuring element, the temperature range that does not belong to the hardness sensitive range is the microstructure sensitive range. For example, in one embodiment, in combination with the above embodiment, the temperature measuring range of the temperature measuring element a is 773K-1573K, and its microstructure sensitive range is 873K-1473K. It can be understood that within the microstructure sensitive range of the temperature measuring element, the change in temperature can easily cause a significant change in the microstructure of the temperature measuring element, and the temperature condition can be accurately obtained through the change in the microstructure.

[0110] For the recrystallization process, the hardness curve presents an S shape. The hardness change in the middle temperature zone is the most significant. The hardness change in the early and late stages of the S shape is relatively weak, but the changes in the microstructure are still highly recognizable.

[0111] In this step, when the operating temperature of the temperature measuring element is in the hardness sensitive interval, the hardness is used to make a preliminary judgment on the temperature, and the microstructure is used to make the main temperature judgment, which can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the temperature judgment. Furthermore, when the operating temperature of the temperature measuring element is in the microstructure sensitive interval, the microstructure is used to make a preliminary judgment on the temperature, and the hardness is used to make the main temperature judgment, which can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the temperature judgment. This embodiment is based on the influence of the hardness change and microstructure change of the temperature measuring element at different temperatures, taking into account the temperature range of the hardness sensitive interval and the temperature range of the microstructure sensitive interval, so that the temperature measuring element can achieve accurate temperature measurement in a larger temperature range. The combination of the microstructure sensitive temperature range and the hardness sensitive range, combined with the combination of different temperature measuring elements, can achieve accurate temperature measurement of mechanical parts in a wider range.

[0112] Furthermore, since the temperature measuring element is in an energy unstable state before temperature measurement, its defects are reduced and the energy stability changes after the temperature measurement is completed. Therefore, the hardness value and microstructure diagram represented in the crystallization characteristics before and after the measurement are quite different.

[0113] In a specific implementation, the service temperature of the mechanical component can be obtained through the difference between the first hardness value and the second hardness value, and the difference between the first microstructure diagram and the second microstructure diagram.

[0114] It should be noted that the temperature measuring element is continuously affected by high temperature during the temperature measurement process, and its post-measurement crystallization characteristics are formed by the cumulative effect of temperature and time. Therefore, after the measurement is completed, the measured working time of the mechanical component can be recorded, and the influence of temperature during the operation process can be superimposed on the temperature measuring element from the time dimension. For example, in one embodiment, the measured working time corresponding to the temperature measuring element can be calculated, and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics can be regarded as the integral of the temperature and the measured working time, so as to accurately determine the service temperature. For another example, in another embodiment, the operating temperature and operating time of the mechanical component have a superimposed effect on the temperature measuring element, which changes the hardness and microstructure of the temperature measuring element. In this way, the operating temperature of the mechanical component can be determined by the hardness and microstructure of the temperature measuring element and in combination with the operating time of the mechanical component.

[0115] Optionally, the difference between the pre-test crystallization characteristics and the post-test crystallization characteristics is determined based on the proportion of new components in the second microstructure image compared to the first microstructure image.

[0116] Specifically, since the temperature measuring element is affected by the temperature during the temperature measurement process, its new structure is continuously generated while the old structure is reduced. Therefore, the new structure in the crystallization characteristics after the measurement is more than the new structure in the crystallization characteristics before the measurement, and the old structure is less than the old structure in the crystallization characteristics before the measurement. It is understandable that. By statistically analyzing the changes in the volume / area fraction ratio of the new structure, the difference between the crystallization characteristics before the measurement and the crystallization characteristics after the measurement can be determined. For example, in one embodiment, when oxide dispersion reinforced steel is used as the temperature measuring element, the iron element in the crystallization characteristics after the measurement of the temperature measuring element accounts for 40%, and the iron element in the crystallization characteristics before the measurement accounts for 30%. The difference before and after the temperature measurement of the temperature measuring element can be determined.

[0117] A specific embodiment is given below to introduce in detail the process of obtaining the service temperature of a mechanical component:

[0118] (1) When the temperature measuring element operates in the hardness sensitive range, a first service temperature of the mechanical component is determined based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value.

[0119] Specifically, the hardness value change of the temperature measuring element is determined by the first hardness value and the second hardness value, and the first service temperature of the mechanical component is determined based on the hardness value change. It should be noted that the first service temperature represents the temperature value obtained by the hardness value change.

[0120] (2) Correcting the first service temperature based on the areas of the regions having brightness higher than a first threshold value in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image, and determining the service temperature of the mechanical component.

[0121] Specifically, the specific value of the first threshold is determined according to actual needs, and is not limited in this embodiment. It should be noted that the first threshold can be determined based on the characteristics of the temperature measurement material to determine the characteristics that are prone to significant changes.

[0122] It is worth noting that, in order to improve the accuracy of the calculation, when calculating the area of ​​the region whose brightness is higher than the first threshold value in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image, the area of ​​extremely small area whose brightness is lower than the preset area is not included in the area of ​​the region whose brightness is higher than the first threshold value in the second microstructure image, so as to avoid errors caused by random small-scale microstructure changes that may occur and are not caused by temperature.

[0123] In specific implementation, the brightness in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image can be determined by a traditional brightness acquisition method, or by a brightness acquisition method of a neural network. This is not limited in this embodiment.

[0124] Furthermore, the change of the microstructure diagram of the temperature measuring element is determined by the first microstructure diagram and the second microstructure diagram, and the first service temperature of the mechanical component is corrected based on the degree of change of the microstructure diagram of the temperature measuring element to obtain the service temperature of the mechanical component.

[0125] For example, the correction of the first service temperature may include assigning a lower weight to the area of ​​the brightness region of the microstructure diagram for the temperature range adjacent to the hardness sensitive interval than to the temperature range far from the hardness sensitive interval, so as to balance the importance of the differential impact of microstructure changes and hardness changes when dealing with different temperature ranges.

[0126] The method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in this embodiment first determines the first service temperature of the mechanical component based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value, and then corrects the first service temperature based on the first microstructure diagram and the second microstructure diagram to determine the service temperature of the mechanical component. In this way, the first service temperature is determined by the hardness value of the temperature measuring element, and the service temperature of the operation is determined by the microstructure diagram of the temperature measuring element, so that the service temperature of the mechanical component can be accurately obtained.

[0127] Optionally, another specific embodiment is given below to introduce in detail the process of obtaining the service temperature of a mechanical component:

[0128] (1) When the temperature measuring element operates in a microstructure sensitive range, the service temperature range of the mechanical component is determined based on the areas of the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image where the brightness is higher than a first threshold.

[0129] Specifically, the second microstructure diagram is compared with the first microstructure diagram to determine the difference between the two, and the service temperature range of the mechanical component is determined based on the difference. It should be noted that the greater the difference in the area of ​​the brightness between the two, the higher the service temperature of the mechanical component.

[0130] It should be noted that both the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image contain brightness regions of different areas. In specific implementation, the area of ​​the region whose brightness is higher than the first threshold value can be determined by area comparison.

[0131] (2) Determining the service temperature from the service temperature range based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value.

[0132] Specifically, according to the difference between the second hardness value and the first hardness value, an accurate service temperature is selected from the determined service temperature range.

[0133] The method provided in this embodiment first determines the service temperature range of the mechanical component based on the first microstructure diagram and the second microstructure diagram, and then determines the service temperature from the service temperature range based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value. In this way, by determining the service temperature range through the two microstructure diagrams of the temperature measuring element, the service temperature interval can be determined, and then the actual service temperature can be accurately obtained through the hardness value of the temperature measuring element.

[0134] The present application provides a method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component. First, the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element are obtained. The pre-measurement crystallization characteristics include a first hardness value and a first microstructure diagram. The temperature measuring element is a metal whose microstructure morphology undergoes a recovery and recrystallization process as the temperature rises. Then, the temperature measuring element is buried in a mechanical component in a non-working state, and the temperature of the mechanical component in a working state is measured. Then, the post-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element are obtained. The post-measurement crystallization characteristics include a second hardness value and a second microstructure diagram. Finally, based on the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics, the service temperature of the mechanical component is determined. In this way, by accurately obtaining the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics and the post-measurement crystallization characteristics, the hardness value change before and after the temperature measurement can be obtained. The hardness value change can reflect the temperature of the mechanical component during the temperature measurement process. Furthermore, by analyzing the changes in the microstructure diagram, the obtained temperature can be corrected to ensure the accuracy of temperature detection. In this way, since the temperature measuring element does not require external wires, it will not affect the normal operation of the mechanical parts. At the same time, since the temperature measuring element is buried in the mechanical parts for temperature measurement, it is not affected by the use conditions and can complete temperature measurement in any environment to accurately obtain the service temperature of the mechanical parts.

[0135] Optionally, the correcting the first service temperature based on the first microstructure diagram and the second microstructure diagram to determine the service temperature of the mechanical component includes:

[0136] (1) Determining a microscopic temperature map corresponding to a temperature measuring element based on the first microscopic structure map.

[0137] Specifically, the microscopic temperature spectrum represents the microstructure corresponding to the temperature measuring element at different temperatures, and different microstructures can be matched to temperatures through the microscopic temperature spectrum. It should be noted that temperature measuring elements of different materials correspond to different microscopic temperature spectrums.

[0138] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the microscopic temperature map provided in this application. Please refer to Figure 2 , the temperature range corresponding to the two microstructure diagrams shown in the figure.

[0139] (2) Retrieving the second microstructure diagram based on the micro-temperature map to obtain a search result.

[0140] In specific implementation, for example, in one embodiment, the corresponding features of the second microstructure diagram are searched in the microscopic atlas, and then the search results corresponding to the second microstructure diagram are determined by the microscopic temperature atlas. It should be noted that the specific features used in the microscopic temperature atlas search are selected according to actual needs, and are not limited in this embodiment. For example, in one embodiment, the search can be based on any recrystallization feature or precipitation phase feature such as recrystallization ratio, recrystallization grain size, dislocation density, grain boundary density, precipitation phase quantity and density.

[0141] (3) Determining a service temperature of the mechanical component based on the search result.

[0142] In specific implementation, in this step, the retrieved temperature is determined as the service temperature of the mechanical component.

[0143] The method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in this embodiment first determines the microscopic temperature spectrum corresponding to the temperature measuring element based on the first microscopic structure diagram, then searches the second microscopic structure diagram based on the microscopic temperature spectrum to obtain the search result, and finally determines the service temperature of the mechanical component based on the search result. In this way, the temperature corresponding to the microscopic structure diagram can be determined through the microscopic temperature spectrum, and the service temperature of the mechanical component can be accurately obtained.

[0144] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of Embodiment 2 of the method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in this application. Figure 3 Based on the above embodiment, the step of determining the first service temperature of the mechanical component based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value includes:

[0145] S301, performing an annealing experiment on the temperature measuring element at a plurality of preset temperatures to obtain corresponding annealing hardness values.

[0146] Specifically, the specific value of the preset temperature is determined according to actual needs, and is not limited in this embodiment. For example, in one embodiment, the preset temperature can be set to 1173K, 1223K, 1273K, 1323K, 1373K, 1423K, 1473K, 1523K and 1573K.

[0147] Furthermore, the annealing experiment is to heat the temperature measuring material to a certain temperature and then cool it under specific conditions to obtain the performance of the temperature measuring material.

[0148] S302, calculating a first mapping relationship based on the annealing hardness value; wherein the first mapping relationship is used to characterize a conversion relationship between the hardness value and the first service temperature.

[0149] Specifically, the first mapping relationship represents the conversion relationship between the hardness value and the first service temperature. In other words, the first service temperature can be determined by the change of the hardness value.

[0150] In specific implementation, for example, in one embodiment, in combination with the above example, multiple groups of hardness value parameters of the temperature measurement material are obtained at a preset temperature, and the first mapping relationship obtained based on this is as follows: Figure 4 shown. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first mapping relationship embodiment 1 provided in this application. Please refer to Figure 4 ,Within a certain temperature range, the hardness of the temperature measuring material is negatively correlated with the preset temperature. In other words, as the preset temperature increases, the hardness value of the temperature measuring material continues to decrease.

[0151] For further information, please refer to Figure 4 By presetting the temperature and the hardness value of the temperature measuring material, a fitting curve is obtained to represent the first mapping relationship. In specific implementation, 9Cr-1Si can be used as the temperature measuring material, the Vickers hardness and temperature value of the temperature measuring material can be measured, and the first mapping relationship can be obtained by fitting.

[0152] S303: Calculate the first service temperature based on the first mapping relationship.

[0153] In specific implementation, in this step, the second hardness value of the temperature measuring element is calculated based on the first mapping relationship to obtain the corresponding first service temperature. Figure 4 , the second hardness value is 300HV, and the corresponding first service temperature is 1370K.

[0154] The method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component provided in this embodiment first performs an annealing experiment on a temperature measuring element at a plurality of preset temperatures to obtain a corresponding annealing hardness value, and then calculates a first mapping relationship based on the annealing hardness value; wherein the first mapping relationship is used to characterize the conversion relationship between the hardness value and the first service temperature, and then the first service temperature is calculated based on the first mapping relationship. In this way, the first mapping relationship of the temperature measuring element is determined through the annealing experiment, and the relationship between the hardness value and the temperature can be accurately reflected through the first mapping relationship, so that the first service temperature can be accurately calculated through the first mapping relationship.

[0155] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the service temperature of a mechanical component, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element; the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics include a first hardness value and a first microstructure diagram; the temperature measuring element is a metal or metal composite whose microstructure morphology undergoes recrystallization and / or precipitation phases as the temperature rises; The temperature measuring element is buried in a mechanical part in a non-working state, and the temperature of the mechanical part in a working state is measured; Acquiring the post-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element after the mechanical component is in working state; the post-measurement crystallization characteristics include a second hardness value and a second microstructure diagram; Obtaining pre-test working information of the mechanical component, determining the hardness sensitive range and microstructure sensitive range of the temperature measuring element, and determining the service temperature of the mechanical component based on the difference between the pre-test crystallization characteristics and the post-test crystallization characteristics integrated with respect to the measured working time of the mechanical component and the hardness difference of the temperature measuring element; The difference between the crystallization characteristics before and after the measurement based on the integral relative to the measured working time of the mechanical component includes: When the temperature measuring element operates in the hardness sensitive range, the first service temperature of the mechanical component is determined based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value; Correcting the first service temperature based on the areas of the regions whose brightness is higher than a first threshold value in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image, and determining the service temperature of the mechanical component; or, When the temperature measuring element works in the microstructure sensitive range, the service temperature range of the mechanical component is determined based on the area of ​​the region whose brightness is higher than the first threshold value in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image; The service temperature is determined from the service temperature range based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The difference between the crystallization characteristics before and after the measurement based on the integral relative to the measured working time of the mechanical component includes: Based on the proportion of the newly added components in the second microstructure image compared with the first microstructure image, the difference between the pre-test crystallization characteristics and the post-test crystallization characteristics is determined.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining a first service temperature of the mechanical component based on the first hardness value and the second hardness value comprises: Performing annealing experiments on the temperature measuring element at multiple preset temperatures to obtain corresponding annealing hardness values; Calculating a first mapping relationship based on the annealing hardness value; wherein the first mapping relationship is used to characterize the conversion relationship between the hardness value and the first service temperature; The first service temperature is calculated based on the first mapping relationship.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of correcting the first service temperature and determining the service temperature of the mechanical component based on the area of ​​the region whose brightness is higher than a first threshold value in the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image comprises: Determine a microscopic temperature spectrum corresponding to a temperature measuring element based on the first microstructure diagram; Retrieving the second microstructure diagram based on the micro-temperature map to obtain a search result; A service temperature of the mechanical component is determined based on the search result.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before obtaining the pre-measurement crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element, the method further includes: Determining an expected temperature range of the working state of the mechanical component based on a temperature simulation of the working state of the mechanical component; Based on the expected temperature range, determining the metal or metal composition used for the temperature measurement material; The temperature measuring material is rolled and cut to obtain the temperature measuring element.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The crystallization characteristics of the temperature measuring element include the crystallization characteristics before and after the measurement; The method for obtaining the crystallization characteristics comprises: Measuring the hardness value of the temperature measuring element based on a Vickers hardness tester to obtain the first hardness value and the second hardness value; The temperature measuring element is processed based on the target etching solution to obtain the first microstructure image and the second microstructure image.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of embedding the temperature measuring element into a mechanical component in a non-working state and measuring the temperature of the mechanical component in a working state comprises: Digging a groove at a designated position of the mechanical component; The temperature measuring element is buried in the slot, and the mechanical component carrying the temperature measuring element is put into use; After the mechanical component is used, the temperature measuring element is taken out from the slot.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The temperature measuring material is rolled and cut to obtain the temperature measuring element, comprising: dividing the temperature measuring material into a preset number of target temperature measuring materials; Each of the target temperature measurement materials is rolled to different degrees to obtain the temperature measurement element.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first microstructure image and the second microstructure image include recrystallization characteristics and / or precipitation phase characteristics.

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