Quality control methods and computing equipment for greenhouse gas monitoring data

Abstract

The disclosed embodiment provides a quality control method and computing device for greenhouse gas monitoring data, the quality control method comprising: in response to the continuous monitoring duration reaching the set calibration duration, controlling the calibration gas ventilation to obtain the calibration measurement concentration; calculating the calibration prediction concentration based on the calibration measurement concentration and the current concentration correction equation of the greenhouse gas monitoring device, and calculating the concentration difference based on the calibration prediction concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas; when the concentration difference is greater than the difference threshold, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained in the target period within the continuous duration is eliminated as abnormal data. By adopting this solution, the quality control of the monitoring data can be guaranteed without frequent calibration operations on the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and in particular to a quality control method and computing device for greenhouse gas monitoring data. Background Art

[0002] Greenhouse gas monitoring equipment is a device used to detect the content of greenhouse gases (such as CO2, CH4) in the air. It uses the property of specific types of greenhouse gases to absorb infrared light of specific wavelengths. After the equipment is calibrated under specific light source intensity and optical receiver working characteristics, the greenhouse gases in the air are measured to obtain measurement data, and the specific greenhouse gas content is obtained through the calibration data and measurement data.

[0003] During the use of greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, as the use time accumulates and external conditions change, the light-emitting characteristics of the light source and the photosensitivity characteristics of the optical receiver will drift, so that the actual measurement characteristics and the calibration data no longer match. In order to avoid the aforementioned problems, the existing technology avoids the problem of inaccurate data caused by the aforementioned excessive drift characteristics by shortening the equipment calibration cycle and increasing the calibration frequency. However, since the calibration of greenhouse gas monitoring equipment requires sufficient ventilation time for the calibration gas (to fully remove interfering gases in the pipeline and the internal cavity of the detection equipment, and then ensure the concentration of the calibration gas itself, which causes systematic errors), the entire calibration process is time-consuming, the cost of shortening the equipment calibration cycle is very high, and it causes the loss of monitoring data in the corresponding time period, and the aforementioned method cannot rule out whether the previous monitoring data is accurate. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the equipment calibration cycle needs to be shortened to ensure data quality, but the cost is too high, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a new quality control method and computing device for greenhouse gas monitoring data.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for quality control of greenhouse gas monitoring data, comprising:

[0006] In response to the continuous time that the air inlet of the greenhouse gas monitoring device is connected to the monitoring atmospheric source reaches the set calibration time, the quality control valve is controlled to switch the air inlet source to the calibration gas source and ventilate for a reasonable calibration time, and the calibration gas concentration is measured during the gas concentration stabilization period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain the calibration measurement concentration;

[0007] Calculating a calibration predicted concentration based on the calibration measured concentration and a current concentration correction equation of the greenhouse gas monitoring device, and calculating a concentration difference based on the calibration predicted concentration and a calibration gas nominal concentration;

[0008] When the concentration difference is greater than the difference threshold, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained in the target period within the continuous time period is eliminated as abnormal data.

[0009] Optionally, when the concentration difference is greater than the difference threshold, the method further includes:

[0010] Controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to the calibration gas source, and measuring the calibration gas to obtain a calibration measurement concentration;

[0011] A new concentration correction equation is calculated based on the calibration measured concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas.

[0012] Optionally, in the case where the greenhouse gas monitoring device is a monitoring device arranged in a non-background area, controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to a calibration gas source, and measuring the calibration gas to obtain a calibration measurement concentration, includes:

[0013] Controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to two calibration gas sources in sequence for a reasonable calibration time, and measuring the concentration of the calibration gas during a gas concentration stabilization period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain a measured concentration of the calibration gas, wherein the nominal concentrations of the two calibration gases are different;

[0014] The calculating a new concentration correction equation based on the calibration measured concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas includes: calculating a new concentration correction equation based on the measured concentration and the nominal concentration of two calibration gases.

[0015] Optionally, in the case where the greenhouse gas monitoring device is a monitoring device arranged in a background area, controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to a calibration gas source, and measuring the calibration gas to obtain a calibration measurement concentration, includes:

[0016] Controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to a calibration gas source for a reasonable calibration time, and measuring the calibration gas concentration during a gas concentration stabilization period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain a measured concentration of the calibration gas;

[0017] The calculating a new concentration correction equation based on the calibration measurement concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas comprises: calculating a new concentration correction equation based on the calibration measurement concentration, the nominal concentration and a zero value.

[0018] Optionally, when the concentration difference is less than or equal to the difference threshold, the method further includes:

[0019] Identify a period of time during which the water vapor monitoring concentration is greater than a threshold concentration during the continuous time period, and use the period of time during which the water vapor concentration exceeds the threshold as an abnormal monitoring period; and / or,

[0020] identifying a cold trap switching period within the continuous time, and using the cold trap switching period as an abnormal monitoring period; and / or,

[0021] Comparing the first difference change rates of greenhouse gas concentrations corresponding to adjacent monitoring periods within the continuous time period, and treating the monitoring period in which the first difference change rate continuously appears to be greater than the change rate threshold as an abnormal monitoring period; and / or,

[0022] Identify the instrument status identification of each monitoring period within the continuous time, and regard the monitoring period in which the instrument status is identified as an abnormal identification as an abnormal monitoring period; and / or,

[0023] Identify the periods of time during which the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment monitors operating environment parameters that exceed the limit within a continuous period, and treat the periods during which the operating environment parameters exceed the limit as abnormal monitoring periods;

[0024] And the greenhouse gas monitoring concentrations obtained during abnormal monitoring periods are eliminated as abnormal data.

[0025] Optionally, the method further includes: based on the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration in the non-normal monitoring period, averaging the data in the corresponding period according to the first evaluation period to obtain the first data mean of each first evaluation period, wherein the first evaluation period is N times the monitoring period of the greenhouse gas monitoring device, and N is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0026] In the case where the first average values ​​of each consecutive first evaluation period are excluded as null values, it is determined whether the first average value remains unchanged within a period greater than or equal to a second evaluation period, wherein the second evaluation period is M times the first evaluation period, and M is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0027] When the first average value greater than or equal to the first average value in the second evaluation period remains unchanged, the first data average value in the corresponding first evaluation period is eliminated as abnormal data.

[0028] Optionally, the method further includes: performing data averaging processing according to a third evaluation period based on the first data mean to obtain a second data mean, wherein the third evaluation period is Q times the first evaluation period, and Q is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0029] The second difference change rate of greenhouse gas concentration is calculated based on the second data mean values ​​of adjacent third evaluation periods, and the second data mean values ​​of the third evaluation periods whose second difference change rate is continuously greater than the change rate threshold are removed as abnormal data.

[0030] Optionally, the method further includes: performing data averaging processing according to a fourth evaluation period based on the first data mean to obtain a third data mean, wherein the fourth evaluation period is P times the first evaluation period, and P is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0031] Calculating a re-average value of the third data mean value in a fourth evaluation period, and determining a difference ratio between each of the third data mean values ​​and the re-average value;

[0032] When the difference ratio is greater than the ratio threshold, the corresponding third data mean is removed as abnormal data.

[0033] Optionally, the method further includes: performing correction processing according to the current calibration equation on the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration that has not been deleted within the continuous time period to obtain a corrected monitoring concentration.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present disclosure implements a computing device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program; when the computer program is loaded by the processor, the processor executes the quality control method for greenhouse gas monitoring data as described above.

[0035] The disclosed embodiment uses a verification gas source to verify whether the device state of the greenhouse gas monitoring device matches the current concentration correction equation (that is, whether the current concentration correction equation is adapted to the current state of the greenhouse gas monitoring device), and then determines whether to exclude the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained in the corresponding target period as abnormal data. Because the verification execution process of the verification gas source is simpler than the calibration execution process of the calibration gas source, and the accuracy requirement is lower, the verification method using the verification gas source can quickly verify whether the greenhouse gas monitoring device has serious drift, and then determine whether the corresponding data is available. In this way, there is no need to frequently calibrate the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment to ensure quality control of the monitoring data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, including:

[0038] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for quality control of greenhouse gas monitoring data provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a data quality control method provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a data quality control method provided in some further embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 4 is a flow chart of a data quality control method provided in some further embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0044] The term "including" and its variations used in this document are open inclusions, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the description below. In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0045] The disclosed embodiment provides a quality control method for greenhouse gas monitoring data, which is used to check the instrument drift state of the greenhouse gas monitoring device without strict calibration, and then determine whether the greenhouse gas concentration obtained by the greenhouse gas monitoring device through concentration monitoring is usable.

[0046] Before analyzing the quality control method of greenhouse gas monitoring data provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, first analyze how the greenhouse gas monitoring device realizes greenhouse gas concentration monitoring. The monitoring system for realizing greenhouse gas concentration monitoring includes the aforementioned greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, a cold trap, a quality control valve and a host computer. Among them, the quality control valve is a valve with multiple inlets and one outlet, and each of its inlets is connected to the monitoring atmosphere source, the calibration gas source and the verification gas source, respectively. The quality control valve controls the connection state of each of the aforementioned gas sources from the gas outlet, so that only one gas source can be connected to the gas outlet. The gas outlet of the quality control valve is connected to the gas inlet in the cold trap, and the gas outlet of the cold trap is connected to the gas inlet of the greenhouse gas monitoring device. The cold trap is used to realize rapid cooling and dehydration of the ventilation gas, and is used to eliminate the reflection and refraction characteristics of water vapor to infrared light, thereby ensuring the stability of the measurement of the greenhouse gas monitoring device. As analyzed above, the greenhouse gas monitoring device realizes the measurement of greenhouse gas concentration by optical recognition to obtain measurement data. The host computer is connected to the aforementioned greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, cold trap and quality control valve, and is used to send specific control instructions to the equipment and receive response information and feedback status information of each device.

[0047] Before the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure operates normally, the various aforementioned devices are first configured to ensure that the corresponding control instructions are correctly executed by the equipment and to ensure the reliability of the measurement. The aforementioned equipment configuration includes: (1) connecting each gas source and the corresponding air inlet of the quality control valve, and setting the gas source number of each gas source in the host computer so that the host computer can accurately control the corresponding gas source switching; at the same time, setting the concentration nominal value, single ventilation time, and task cycle of each calibration gas source and verification gas source, so that the entire greenhouse gas concentration monitoring system can perform equipment calibration and equipment verification according to a reasonable task cycle. (2) Use the calibration gas source to calibrate the equipment characteristics of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, obtain the calibration equation, and connect the atmospheric monitoring source to the cold trap after the equipment is calibrated to achieve monitoring of greenhouse gas concentration.

[0048] Subsequently, the greenhouse gas monitoring system may monitor atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations after calibration, and execute the greenhouse gas monitoring data quality control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure to perform data quality control and identify abnormal data.

[0049] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the quality control method for greenhouse gas monitoring data provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the quality control method for greenhouse gas monitoring data provided by the present disclosure includes S110-S130.

[0050] S110: In response to the continuous time when the air inlet of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment is connected to the monitored atmospheric source reaching the set calibration time, the quality control valve is controlled to switch the air inlet source to the calibration gas source and ventilate for a reasonable calibration time, and the calibration gas concentration is measured during the gas concentration stable period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain the calibration measurement concentration.

[0051] During the greenhouse gas concentration monitoring process, after the quality control valve performs the gas source switching operation, the host computer will count the ventilation time of the corresponding gas source after the quality control valve completes the gas source switching. In the process of performing normal monitoring tasks, the host computer will also count the time the air inlet of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment is connected to the monitoring atmospheric source. After the air intake time of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment's air inlet connected to the monitoring atmospheric source reaches the set verification time, it is necessary to perform a verification operation on the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment. The aforementioned verification operation is used to check the equipment drift state of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment and to determine whether the equipment drift state has reached a level where the corresponding monitoring concentration is not trusted.

[0052] Specifically, the quality control valve switches the air inlet source to the calibration gas source and ventilates for a suitable calibration time. The aforementioned reasonable calibration time is to ensure that the calibration gas can basically blow out the gas remaining in the pipeline and the optical cavity of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, and to ensure that the gas cost in the optical cavity of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment is basically all calibration gas. It should be noted that the requirement for reasonable ventilation calibration time is lower than the ventilation time required for equipment calibration of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, and it is only necessary to ensure that the residual gas concentration is within a reasonable tolerance range. Accordingly, the time taken for calibration using a calibration gas source and the accuracy requirements that need to be achieved are lower than the corresponding time and accuracy standards for calibration of greenhouse gas monitoring equipment.

[0053] After performing the ventilation reasonable calibration time, the calibration gas concentration can be measured during the gas concentration stabilization period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain the calibration measurement concentration. The aforementioned gas concentration stabilization period is the period after the calibration gas is blown into the optical cavity of the greenhouse gas monitoring device for a certain period of time, so that most of the previous gas (which is regarded as impurity gas at this time) is discharged. The gas concentration stabilization period is also determined by preliminary experiments.

[0054] During the period of stable gas concentration, the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment measures the concentration of the calibration gas to obtain the calibration measurement concentration. The calibration measurement concentration is a concentration that reflects the characteristics of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, which is related to the equipment characteristics of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment and the calibration gas concentration. It should be noted here that within the reasonable ventilation calibration time, the cold trap can be in normal operating state (not in switching state or alarm state) to ensure that the water vapor in the calibration gas can be removed according to normal operating procedures. Of course, if the gas in the calibration gas source has undergone strict water removal treatment, there is no need to pay attention to the operating state of the cold trap. However, considering that the control of the cold trap will make the temperature characteristics of the gas source different, it is reasonable to ensure that the cold trap is in normal operating state.

[0055] S120: Calculate the calibration predicted concentration based on the calibration measured concentration and the current concentration correction equation of the greenhouse gas monitoring device, and calculate the concentration difference according to the calibration predicted concentration and the calibration gas nominal concentration.

[0056] As analyzed above, before the normal monitoring task is performed, the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment undergoes equipment calibration and obtains the current concentration correction equation through calibration. The current concentration correction equation is an equation that switches the greenhouse gas measurement concentration to a reasonable greenhouse gas concentration, which realizes a reasonable adjustment of the measurement concentration. How to obtain the concentration correction equation will be analyzed later.

[0057] In this step, the host computer uses the current concentration correction equation to convert the calibration measurement concentration to obtain the calibration predicted concentration. The calibration predicted concentration is the predicted gas concentration obtained by the greenhouse gas monitoring device under the current circumstances by monitoring the calibration gas source concentration. After obtaining the calibration predicted concentration, the calibration predicted concentration is subtracted from the nominal concentration of the calibration gas to obtain the concentration difference. The concentration difference ensures the difference between the calibration predicted concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas. Under reasonable circumstances, the aforementioned concentration difference should not be too large; if the concentration difference is too large, under the premise that the nominal concentration of the calibration gas is the equipment characteristic of the greenhouse gas monitoring device that has been determined and cannot be changed, it can be determined that the current concentration correction equation is no longer compatible with the equipment characteristics of the greenhouse gas monitoring device.

[0058] In a specific implementation, the target difference limits of CO2, CH4, and CO may be 0.2ppm, 5ppb, and 5ppb, respectively.

[0059] S130: When the concentration difference is greater than the difference threshold, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained in the target period within the continuous time is eliminated as abnormal data.

[0060] As analyzed above, if the concentration difference is too large, it is determined that the current concentration correction equation no longer matches the equipment characteristics of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment. Accordingly, some data (or even all data) obtained within the aforementioned continuous time period can no longer match the current concentration correction equation to calculate the actual monitoring concentration. In this case, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained in the target period within the continuous time period is eliminated as abnormal data. In a specific implementation, when the aforementioned set verification time period is short (for example, 1 hour), all greenhouse gas monitoring concentrations within the corresponding continuous time period can be eliminated as abnormal data; and when the aforementioned set verification time period is long (for example, 5 hours), deleting all data may result in no data being available, and only the greenhouse gas monitoring concentrations in the later target period can be deleted according to the pre-estimated equipment status.

[0061] If the concentration difference is not greater than the difference threshold, but less than the difference threshold, then it is verified that the current concentration correction equation is still matched with the equipment state of the greenhouse gas monitoring device, and accordingly, the greenhouse gas monitoring device can continue to be used for atmospheric source greenhouse gas concentration monitoring. In this case, the air inlet source of the quality control valve can be switched to the monitoring atmospheric source, and the switching time can be set (for example, two minutes, which is used to exhaust the calibration gas in the optical cavity of the greenhouse gas monitoring device), and the concentration monitoring of the monitoring atmospheric source can continue and the aforementioned steps can be performed.

[0062] As analyzed above, the disclosed embodiment verifies whether the device state of the greenhouse gas monitoring device matches the current concentration correction equation (that is, whether the current concentration correction equation is adapted to the current state of the greenhouse gas monitoring device) by using a verification gas source, and then determines whether to exclude the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained in the corresponding target period as abnormal data. As analyzed above, because the verification execution process of the verification gas source is simpler than the calibration execution process of the calibration gas source, and the accuracy requirement is lower, the verification method using the verification gas source can quickly verify whether the greenhouse gas monitoring device has serious drift, and then determine whether the corresponding data is available. In this way, there is no need to frequently calibrate the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment to ensure quality control of the monitoring data.

[0063] In practical applications, only when the external environmental conditions (such as temperature and sunshine conditions) change seriously will the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment experience serious equipment drift. When the correction equation does not match the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, it is not reasonable to perform relatively frequent equipment calibration. By adopting the method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, reasonable quality control of greenhouse gas monitoring concentration can be achieved without frequent calibration of greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, reducing the overall quality control cost and time waste of calibration operations.

[0064] As analyzed above, if the concentration difference is greater than the difference threshold, it can be determined that the greenhouse gas concentration monitoring equipment has drifted seriously. At this time, it is necessary to redetermine the equipment status of the greenhouse gas concentration monitoring equipment, that is, to recalibrate the equipment.

[0065] Correspondingly, when the concentration difference is greater than the difference threshold, the host computer may also control the greenhouse gas monitoring device to perform the following operations S140-S150.

[0066] S140: Control the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment to the calibration gas source, and measure the calibration gas to obtain the calibration measurement concentration.

[0067] Specifically, the quality control valve is controlled to switch the inlet gas source to the calibration gas source, and the concentration of the calibration gas is measured to obtain the calibration measurement concentration. A reasonable calibration ventilation time that is longer than the reasonable calibration time is used to purge the gas path and the optical cavity of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to remove the impurity gas therein, and to make the calibration gas concentration reach a stable concentration, and the calibration measurement concentration is obtained by measuring the aforementioned stable concentration period. In a specific embodiment, the measurement concentration of the last 3-7 minutes in the aforementioned reasonable ventilation period can be used as the measurement concentration of the calibration gas.

[0068] In specific implementations, the number of calibration gas sources and calibration methods used will vary depending on the region where the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment is located.

[0069] In the case where the greenhouse gas monitoring system is a monitoring device set in a non-background area (such as an urban area, an area with a greenhouse gas emission source), S140 is specifically: controlling the quality control valve to switch the greenhouse gas monitoring device air intake source to two calibration gas sources in sequence for a reasonable calibration time, and measuring the calibration gas concentration during the gas concentration stabilization period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain the measured concentration of the calibration gas. In a specific implementation, the nominal concentrations of the calibration gases provided by the two calibration gas sources are not the same, one of which has a larger nominal concentration and the other has a smaller nominal concentration.

[0070] When the greenhouse gas monitoring system is set up in a background area (such as a plateau or desert area far away from the greenhouse gas emission source), S140 specifically includes: controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment to a calibration gas source for a reasonable calibration time, and measuring the calibration gas concentration during the gas concentration stability period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain the measurement concentration of the calibration gas.

[0071] S150: Calculate a new concentration correction equation based on the calibration measurement concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas.

[0072] In a specific implementation, the above-mentioned different correction strategies are adopted, and the corresponding methods of calculating the new concentration correction equation are different.

[0073] In the case where the calibration measurement concentration is obtained by measuring the two calibration gases, S150 is to calculate a new concentration correction equation based on the measurement concentration and nominal concentration of the two calibration gases. In a specific implementation, a least squares analysis can be performed using multiple measurement concentrations of the two calibration gases to determine the corresponding numerical coordinate points, and the concentration correction equation can be constructed using the two numerical coordinate points. The specific concentration correction equation is Y=aX+b, where a is the calibration coefficient and b is the calibration intercept.

[0074] In the case of the calibration measurement concentration obtained by measuring the calibration gas source, S150 is to calculate a new concentration correction equation based on the calibration measurement concentration, the nominal concentration, and the zero value (equivalent to no greenhouse gas). In a specific implementation, a least squares analysis is performed using multiple measurement concentrations of the calibration gas to determine a numerical coordinate point, and then the numerical coordinate point is connected with the zero point coordinate point (corresponding to the zero value) to obtain a new concentration correction equation Y=cX, where c is the calibration coefficient.

[0075] In the specific implementation, in addition to using the aforementioned quality control method to determine the greenhouse gas monitoring concentrations that need to be deleted as a whole, it is also necessary to delete the unreasonable data that temporarily appears. Accordingly, the quality control method can also execute the following S210-S250, and execute S260 in conjunction with the aforementioned S210-S250.

[0076] S210: Identify the water vapor concentration exceeding value period during which the water vapor monitoring concentration is greater than the threshold concentration within a continuous period, and regard the water vapor concentration exceeding value period as an abnormal monitoring period.

[0077] As analyzed above, water vapor monitoring has an impact on greenhouse gas concentrations, and it is necessary to exclude monitoring data when the water vapor concentration is too high. Specifically, after being processed by the cold trap, the water vapor measuring device in the greenhouse gas concentration monitoring equipment measures the concentration of water vapor, and reports the water vapor concentration data and the corresponding greenhouse gas concentration monitoring data to the host computer. In this case, if the host computer identifies that the water vapor monitoring concentration is greater than the corresponding threshold concentration, it determines that the corresponding time period is a water vapor concentration excess time period. The period corresponding to the water vapor concentration excess time period is used as an abnormal monitoring period. For example, in some embodiments, the time period when the water vapor monitoring concentration is greater than 0.02% / 200ppm is used as a water quality concentration excess time period, and the aforementioned time period is further determined to be an abnormal monitoring period.

[0078] S220: Identify the cold trap switching period within the continuous time, and use the cold trap switching period as an abnormal monitoring period.

[0079] As analyzed above, the function of the cold trap is to remove water vapor from the atmospheric source. If the cold trap is in a switching state, its corresponding water removal function may not be normal. Accordingly, the cold trap switching period should also be an abnormal monitoring period.

[0080] S230: Compare the first difference change rates of the greenhouse gas concentrations corresponding to adjacent monitoring periods within the continuous time, and define the monitoring period in which the first difference change rate continuously appears to be greater than the change rate threshold as an abnormal monitoring period.

[0081] Under normal circumstances, due to the causes of greenhouse gas production and the influence of gas diffusion characteristics, the greenhouse gas concentration will not fluctuate dramatically in a short period of time, that is to say, the greenhouse gas concentration determined in adjacent monitoring periods will not change much. However, if the greenhouse gas concentration in adjacent monitoring periods undergoes continuous and drastic fluctuations, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration of the corresponding monitoring period is not reliable. In a specific implementation, the aforementioned change characteristics are represented by a first difference change rate, specifically, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration in the subsequent monitoring period is subtracted from the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration in the previous period to obtain a difference concentration, and then the difference concentration is compared with the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration in the previous period to obtain the first difference change rate. If the first difference change rate is continuously greater than the change rate threshold, the corresponding monitoring period is determined to be an abnormal monitoring period.

[0082] In specific implementation, for CO2, CH4 and N2O, if the difference change rate exceeds ±5% for four consecutive times, and for CO, if the difference change rate exceeds ±50% for four consecutive times, the corresponding monitoring period is an abnormal monitoring period.

[0083] S240: Identify the instrument status identification of each monitoring period within the continuous time, and regard the monitoring period in which the instrument status is identified as an abnormal identification as an abnormal monitoring period.

[0084] During the operation of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment, its internal monitoring mechanism will also identify whether the equipment movement status is normal, and then generate a corresponding instrument status mark. If the corresponding instrument status mark is an abnormal mark, the equipment status of the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment during the corresponding monitoring period is not normal, so the corresponding monitoring period is regarded as an abnormal monitoring period.

[0085] S250: Identify the period of time during which the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment monitors operating environment parameters that exceed the limit within a continuous period, and treat the period of time during which the operating environment parameters exceed the limit as an abnormal monitoring period.

[0086] The abnormal monitoring period is measured by the minimum evaluation period and the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment monitors the operating environment parameters. The above-mentioned operating environment parameter exceeding the limit may be that the optical cavity pressure, optical cavity temperature and other parameters of the monitoring equipment exceed the normal environmental parameter range. In actual applications, greenhouse gas monitoring equipment performs concentration monitoring in real time (specifically, it may be in seconds). Due to various reasons, the operating environment parameters undergo instantaneous and significant changes, which makes the environmental monitoring data unavailable. At this time, the corresponding period needs to be used as an abnormal monitoring period. In specific implementations, the above-mentioned minimum evaluation period is 1 minute.

[0087] S260: The greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained during the abnormal monitoring period is eliminated as abnormal data.

[0088] After determining the abnormal monitoring period, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration in the aforementioned period can be eliminated as abnormal data.

[0089] In a specific implementation, the quality control method for greenhouse gas monitoring concentration may include, in addition to the aforementioned steps, a step of integrating data for a local period of time, and then determining whether corresponding data needs to be eliminated based on the integrated data. Figure 2 is a flow chart of a data quality control method provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, the method of performing data quality control and elimination after data integration includes S310-S330.

[0090] S310: Based on the greenhouse gas monitoring concentrations that are not identified as abnormal monitoring periods, average processing is performed on the data in the corresponding period according to the first evaluation period to obtain the first data mean of each first evaluation period.

[0091] The first evaluation period is N times the minimum evaluation period for greenhouse gas, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. As in the previous example, the minimum evaluation period of the greenhouse gas monitoring device is set to 1 minute. Accordingly, an integer period greater than 1 minute can be used as the first evaluation period, for example, a 5-minute period can be used as the first evaluation period.

[0092] In the disclosed embodiment, the averaging of data in the corresponding period is performed according to the first evaluation period, which means intercepting the corresponding greenhouse gas monitoring concentration according to the first evaluation period, and averaging the corresponding greenhouse gas monitoring concentration to obtain the corresponding first data mean.

[0093] S320: In the case where the first average values ​​of consecutive first evaluation periods are excluded and are null values, it is determined whether the first average value remains unchanged within a period greater than or equal to a second evaluation period.

[0094] The second evaluation period is M times the first evaluation period, and M is a positive integer greater than 1. In a specific implementation, the second evaluation period can be set to 2 hours.

[0095] If the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration of the aforementioned first evaluation period is identified as abnormal data by the aforementioned method and is eliminated, it is possible that there is no greenhouse gas monitoring concentration in the corresponding first evaluation period, making the first average value a null value. Here, when executing S320, the period in which the aforementioned first average value is a null value is still counted in the second evaluation period, but the null value data cannot be used to determine whether the first average value remains unchanged.

[0096] S330: When the first average value in the second evaluation period is greater than or equal to the first average value and remains unchanged, the first data average value in the corresponding first evaluation period is removed as abnormal data.

[0097] If the first average value remains unchanged during the entire second evaluation period when it is a non-null value, the corresponding data does not conform to the changing characteristics of greenhouse gas concentrations. Therefore, the first data average value during the corresponding first evaluation period is removed as abnormal data.

[0098] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a method for data quality control elimination provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, the quality control method for greenhouse gas monitoring data may also include the following S410-S420.

[0099] S410: Based on the first data mean, perform data averaging processing according to a third evaluation period to obtain a second data mean.

[0100] In the specific implementation, the method for calculating the second data mean is the same as the method for calculating the first data mean in the previous text, and will not be repeated here. However, it should be noted that the calculation of the second data mean does not use the data that has been eliminated as the calculation basis.

[0101] The third evaluation period is Q times of the first evaluation period, where Q is a positive integer greater than 1. In a specific embodiment, the third evaluation period may be 1 hour.

[0102] S420: Calculate the second difference change rate of greenhouse gas concentration based on the second data mean values ​​of adjacent third evaluation periods, and remove the second data mean values ​​of the third evaluation periods whose second difference change rates are continuously greater than the change rate threshold as abnormal data.

[0103] The method for calculating the second difference change rate is the same as the method for calculating the first difference change rate in the previous text, and will not be repeated here. If the second difference change rate continuously exceeds the corresponding change rate threshold, the second data average value of the corresponding third evaluation period is not reliable and is therefore removed as abnormal data. In a specific implementation, the change rate threshold for CO2 and CH4 exceeding ±5% can be set to ±5%, and the change rate threshold for CO can be set to ±50%.

[0104] Figure 4 is a flow chart of a data quality control method provided by some other embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, in some other embodiments, the quality control method for greenhouse gas monitoring data may also include the following S510-S530.

[0105] S510: Based on the first data mean, perform data averaging processing according to a fourth evaluation period to obtain a third data mean.

[0106] In a specific implementation, S510 is the same as S410 in the above text, and will not be repeated here. For details, please refer to the above text. In a specific implementation, the fourth evaluation cycle can be set to 1 hour.

[0107] S520: Calculate the re-average value of the third data mean values ​​in the fourth evaluation period, and determine the difference ratio between each third data mean value and the re-average value.

[0108] S530: When the difference ratio is greater than the ratio threshold, the corresponding third data mean is removed as abnormal data.

[0109] The re-average value of the third data mean in the fourth evaluation period is calculated by averaging the third data mean to obtain the corresponding re-average value. After obtaining the re-average value, the re-average value can be used as the basis for evaluation to determine whether each third data mean is too large or too small relative to the re-average value. If it is too large or too small, the corresponding third data mean is unreliable and should be eliminated.

[0110] As in the operation process of S530, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the difference ratio is greater than the ratio threshold, the third data mean is removed as abnormal data. In a specific implementation, the difference ratio threshold of CO2 is set to 10%, the difference ratio threshold of CH4 is set to 30%, and the difference ratio threshold of CO is set to 100%.

[0111] As analyzed above, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained above is only the concentration obtained by the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment according to its own characteristics. It has no comparative value because it has not been corrected. Specifically, after obtaining the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration that has not been deleted, it is necessary to perform correction processing according to the current calibration equation to obtain the corrected monitoring concentration. Of course, the mean data of various evaluation cycles used in actual use (such as the first data mean, the second data mean, and the third data mean) also need to be corrected before they can be used for subsequent use.

[0112] In actual applications, the method of using the calibration source for calibration in the above scheme will be performed periodically, for example, once every 12 hours. If the calibration is not performed through the calibration gas source for more than 12 hours, the corresponding monitoring data for more than 12 hours will be eliminated as abnormal data. In addition, in the specific implementation, even if the above calibration has always considered the equipment to be stable (that is, the calibration has always passed), it is still necessary to calibrate the equipment once in a period of time (for example, every 7 days) to obtain a new concentration calibration equation. If the equipment is not calibrated for more than 7 days, the monitoring data within the timeout period will also be eliminated as abnormal data.

[0113] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computing device for implementing the aforementioned method. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the computing device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a computing device 500 suitable for implementing the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 The computing device shown is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0114] like Figure 5 As shown, the computing device 500 may include a processing device (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory ROM 502 or a program loaded from a storage device 508 to a random access memory RAM 503. Various programs and data required for the operation of the computing device 500 are also stored in the RAM 503. The processing device 501, the ROM 502, and the RAM 503 are connected to each other via a bus 504. An input / output I / O interface 505 is also connected to the bus 504.

[0115] Typically, the following devices may be connected to the I / O interface 505: input devices 506 including, for example, a touch screen, a touch pad, a camera, a microphone, etc.; output devices 507 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; storage devices 508 including, for example, a magnetic tape, a hard disk, etc.; and communication devices 509. The communication devices 509 may allow the computing device 500 to communicate with other devices wirelessly or by wire to exchange data. Figure 5 The computing device 500 is shown with various devices, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown. More or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0116] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, and the computer program contains program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through a communication device 509, or installed from a storage device 508, or installed from a ROM 502. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 501, the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure are executed.

[0117] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium mentioned above in the present disclosure may be a computer-readable storage medium, a computer-readable signal medium, or any combination of the above two.

[0118] The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that may be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or device.

[0119] Computer readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carry computer readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. Computer readable signal media may also be any computer readable medium other than a computer readable storage medium, which may send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0120] In some embodiments, the client and the server may communicate using any currently known or future developed network protocol such as HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), and may be interconnected with any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network ("LAN"), a wide area network ("WAN"), an internet (e.g., the Internet), and a peer-to-peer network (e.g., an ad hoc peer-to-peer network), as well as any currently known or future developed network.

[0121] The computer-readable medium may be included in the computing device, or may exist independently without being incorporated into the computing device.

[0122] Computer program code for performing operations of the present disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages, or a combination thereof, including, but not limited to, object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the tester's computer, partially on the tester's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the tester's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the tester's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN). N ) or Wide Area Network (WA N )—connects to the tester computer, or, can connect to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0123] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each square box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, the program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some implementations as replacements, the functions marked in the square box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two square boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each square box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated system based on hardware that performs the specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0124] The units involved in the embodiments described in the present disclosure may be implemented by software or hardware. The name of the unit does not limit the unit itself in some cases. The functions described above in this article may be at least partially performed by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used include: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and hardware logic components such as CPUs, CPUs, and other hardware components. I C), application-specific standard products (ASSP), system on chip (SOC), complex programmable logic devices (CPLD), etc.

[0125] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to these embodiments herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for quality control of greenhouse gas monitoring data, characterized in that: include: In response to the continuous time that the air inlet of the greenhouse gas monitoring device is connected to the monitoring atmospheric source reaches the set calibration time, the quality control valve is controlled to switch the air inlet source to the calibration gas source and ventilate for a reasonable calibration time, and the calibration gas concentration is measured during the gas concentration stabilization period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain the calibration measurement concentration; Calculating a calibration predicted concentration based on the calibration measured concentration and a current concentration correction equation of the greenhouse gas monitoring device, and calculating a concentration difference based on the calibration predicted concentration and a calibration gas nominal concentration; When the concentration difference is greater than the difference threshold, the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained in the target period within the continuous time period is removed as abnormal data; as well as, identifying an abnormal monitoring period within the continuous time when the concentration difference is less than or equal to a difference threshold, and removing the greenhouse gas monitoring concentration obtained within the abnormal monitoring period as abnormal data, the abnormal monitoring period; The abnormal monitoring period is the period during which unreasonable monitoring data occurs; Based on the greenhouse gas monitoring concentrations that are not identified as abnormal monitoring periods, averaging the data in the corresponding period according to the first evaluation period to obtain the first data mean of each first evaluation period, wherein the first evaluation period is N times the monitoring period of the greenhouse gas monitoring device, and N is a positive integer greater than 1; When the first data mean value remains unchanged within a period greater than or equal to the second evaluation period, the first data mean value within the corresponding first evaluation period is eliminated as abnormal data, where the second evaluation period is M times the first evaluation period, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the concentration difference is greater than the difference threshold, the method further includes: Controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to the calibration gas source, and measuring the calibration gas to obtain a calibration measurement concentration; A new concentration correction equation is calculated based on the calibration measured concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that In the case where the greenhouse gas monitoring device is a monitoring device arranged in a non-background area, controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to a calibration gas source, and measuring the calibration gas to obtain a calibration measurement concentration, includes: Controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to two calibration gas sources in sequence for a reasonable calibration time, and measuring the concentration of the calibration gas during a gas concentration stabilization period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain a measured concentration of the calibration gas, wherein the nominal concentrations of the two calibration gases are different; The calculating a new concentration correction equation based on the calibration measured concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas comprises: calculating a new concentration correction equation based on the measured concentration and the nominal concentration of two calibration gases.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the case where the greenhouse gas monitoring device is a monitoring device arranged in a background area, controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to a calibration gas source, and measuring the calibration gas to obtain a calibration measurement concentration, includes: Controlling the quality control valve to switch the air inlet source of the greenhouse gas monitoring device to a calibration gas source for a reasonable calibration time, and measuring the calibration gas concentration during a gas concentration stabilization period within the reasonable calibration time to obtain a measured concentration of the calibration gas; The calculating a new concentration correction equation based on the calibration measurement concentration and the nominal concentration of the calibration gas includes: calculating a new concentration correction equation based on the calibration measurement concentration, the nominal concentration and a zero value.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When the concentration difference is less than or equal to the difference threshold, identifying the abnormal monitoring period within the continuous time period includes: Identify a period of time during which the water vapor monitoring concentration is greater than a threshold concentration during the continuous time period, and use the period of time during which the water vapor concentration exceeds the threshold as an abnormal monitoring period; and / or, identifying a cold trap switching period within the continuous time, and using the cold trap switching period as an abnormal monitoring period; and / or, Comparing the first difference change rates of greenhouse gas concentrations corresponding to adjacent monitoring periods within the continuous time period, and treating the monitoring period in which the first difference change rate continuously appears to be greater than the change rate threshold as an abnormal monitoring period; and / or, Identify the instrument status identification of each monitoring period within the continuous time, and regard the monitoring period in which the instrument status is identified as an abnormal identification as an abnormal monitoring period; and / or, Identify the time periods during which the greenhouse gas monitoring equipment monitors operating environment parameters that exceed the limit within a continuous period, and treat the time periods when the operating environment parameters are abnormal as abnormal monitoring periods.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Based on the first data mean, data averaging is performed according to a third evaluation period to obtain a second data mean, where the third evaluation period is Q times the first evaluation period, and Q is a positive integer greater than 1; The second difference change rate of greenhouse gas concentration is calculated based on the second data mean values ​​of adjacent third evaluation periods, and the second data mean values ​​of the third evaluation periods whose second difference change rate is continuously greater than the change rate threshold are removed as abnormal data.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Based on the first data mean, data averaging processing is performed according to a fourth evaluation period to obtain a third data mean, where the fourth evaluation period is P times the first evaluation period, and P is a positive integer greater than 1; Calculating a re-average value of the third data mean value in a fourth evaluation period, and determining a difference ratio between each of the third data mean values ​​and the re-average value; When the difference ratio is greater than the ratio threshold, the corresponding third data mean is removed as abnormal data.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: For the greenhouse gas monitoring concentrations that have not been deleted within the continuous time period, correction processing is performed according to the current calibration equation to obtain the corrected monitoring concentration.

9. A computing device, characterized in that It comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program; when the computer program is loaded by the processor, the processor executes the quality control method for greenhouse gas monitoring data according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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