A method and device for in-situ monitoring of nutrients based on ocean buoys

Abstract

This invention provides a method and device for in-situ nutrient monitoring based on marine buoys, comprising: a buoy body, a nutrient in-situ monitoring unit, a data transmission unit, and a data processing unit. The buoy body supports the entire device and floats on the sea surface. The method and device for in-situ nutrient monitoring based on marine buoys provided in this embodiment integrates multiple functional modules such as green power generation, in-situ nutrient monitoring, data transmission, and data processing, achieving real-time and accurate monitoring of nutrient concentrations in the marine environment. The device is rationally designed, compact in structure, and stable in performance, capable of long-term stable operation in harsh marine environments. Simultaneously, the application of a green power generation mechanism enables the device to provide green and sustainable power, reducing operating costs. Overall, this device provides important technical support and data assurance for marine environmental protection and scientific research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine environmental monitoring technology, specifically a method and device for in-situ monitoring of nutrients based on marine buoys. Background Technology

[0002] As the largest ecosystem on Earth, the ocean has a significant impact on global climate, biodiversity, and human economic activities. In recent years, with the intensification of global climate change and human activities, the marine ecological environment is facing unprecedented pressure, among which nutrient pollution has become an increasingly serious problem. Nutrients (such as nitrates, phosphates, and silicates) are fundamental substances in marine ecosystems, playing a crucial role in the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton. However, excessive nutrient input leads to eutrophication, triggering ecological disasters such as red tides and algal blooms, severely disrupting the marine ecological balance.

[0003] To effectively monitor and control nutrient pollution in the ocean, scientists have developed a series of water quality monitoring technologies. However, traditional water quality monitoring methods often rely on laboratory analysis, which suffers from problems such as long monitoring cycles, high costs, and poor real-time performance, making it difficult to meet the needs of marine environmental monitoring. Therefore, developing a device capable of real-time, in-situ, and automated monitoring of nutrient concentrations in the ocean is particularly urgent.

[0004] Currently, there are some buoy-based marine monitoring devices both domestically and internationally. However, most of these devices focus on monitoring conventional parameters such as temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen, and have limited capabilities in monitoring specific parameters such as nutrients. Furthermore, these devices also have shortcomings in energy supply, data processing, and transmission, making them unsuitable for long-term, continuous, and high-precision monitoring needs.

[0005] Therefore, developing a marine buoy monitoring device that integrates green power generation, in-situ nutrient monitoring, data transmission, and data processing has significant scientific research value and practical application implications. This device can not only achieve real-time and accurate monitoring of nutrient concentrations in the marine environment, but also transmit monitoring data to a data center or cloud server in real time via wireless communication technology, providing timely and accurate data support for marine environmental protection and scientific research.

[0006] To address this, a method and device for in-situ nutrient monitoring based on marine buoys are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art by providing a method and device for in-situ nutrient monitoring based on marine buoys. By integrating multiple functional modules such as a green power generation mechanism, an in-situ nutrient monitoring unit, a data transmission unit, and a data processing unit, it achieves real-time and accurate monitoring of nutrient concentration in the marine environment. It also features green and sustainable power supply, automated control, remote data transmission, and intelligent data analysis, providing important technical support and data assurance for marine environmental protection and scientific research.

[0008] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0009] A method and apparatus for in-situ nutrient monitoring based on marine buoys, comprising:

[0010] The buoy consists of a main body, a nutrient in-situ monitoring unit, a data transmission unit, and a data processing unit, among which:

[0011] The main body of the buoy is used to support the entire device and float on the sea surface, and has the characteristics of being waterproof, corrosion-resistant, and resistant to wind and waves;

[0012] The nutrient in-situ monitoring unit includes a nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism, a filtration mechanism, a seawater sampling mechanism, and a control unit. The nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism is used to detect the concentration of nutrients in seawater samples. The filtration mechanism is used to remove suspended solids and particulate matter from seawater samples to reduce interference. The seawater sampling mechanism is used to send the water sample processed by the filtration device to the nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism for detection. The control unit is responsible for the automated control of the entire monitoring process and also controls the automated operation of the entire device.

[0013] The data transmission unit transmits the monitoring data to the data center or cloud server in real time through wireless communication technologies such as satellite communication and microwave communication.

[0014] The data processing unit is located in a data center or cloud server, whereby it processes and analyzes the received monitoring data and generates monitoring reports.

[0015] The aforementioned in-situ nutrient monitoring device based on an ocean buoy, wherein: the buoy body is made of fiberglass with a hollow internal structure; a green power generation mechanism is installed on the upper part of the buoy body; and several stabilizing components are arranged circumferentially around the buoy body at equal angles.

[0016] The green power generation mechanism is used to power the entire device, and the green power generation mechanism includes a support frame, several solar panels, a wind turbine, and an energy storage battery pack.

[0017] The support column is equipped with a bird deterrent component, which is used to drive away flocks of birds to prevent them from perching on the upper part of the buoy body. The bird deterrent component includes a bearing, a mounting rod, and an arc-shaped shell.

[0018] A ring-shaped reinforcing rod is fixedly installed on the upper part of the bracket by a fixing rod.

[0019] The in-situ nutrient monitoring device includes a ring-shaped water storage box and several sample pools;

[0020] The control unit includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the drainage pump, the drainage solenoid valve, the nutrient sensor, the liquid discharge solenoid valve, the sample injection pump, the water absorption solenoid valve, and the sample injection solenoid valve, respectively. The controller, the drainage pump, the drainage solenoid valve, the nutrient sensor, the liquid discharge solenoid valve, the sample injection pump, the water absorption solenoid valve, and the sample injection solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack.

[0021] The bottom of the bottom cover protrudes from the bottom of the buoy body.

[0022] The bottom of the cover has a hexagonal groove centered on the bottom.

[0023] The data transmission unit includes a data transmission module located in the controller. The controller integrates a wireless communication module, which integrates satellite communication and / or microwave communication modules and supports multiple communication protocols and frequency bands to meet the needs of different communication technologies.

[0024] It also includes an antenna system that is compatible with the wireless communication module. The antenna system includes a corresponding satellite antenna and / or microwave antenna. The satellite antenna and / or microwave antenna is mounted on the bracket and is connected to the satellite communication and / or microwave communication module via a signal line, and draws power from the energy storage battery pack.

[0025] A navigation light is also fixedly installed at the top center of the buoy body, and the navigation light is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack and the controller.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The buoy-based in-situ nutrient monitoring method and device provided in this embodiment integrates multiple functional modules, including green power generation, in-situ nutrient monitoring, data transmission, and data processing, to achieve real-time and accurate monitoring of nutrient concentrations in the marine environment. The device is rationally designed, compact in structure, and stable in performance, enabling long-term stable operation in harsh marine environments. Simultaneously, the application of a green power generation mechanism enables the device to provide green and sustainable power, reducing operating costs. Overall, this device provides crucial technical support and data assurance for marine environmental protection and scientific research. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A partial structural diagram of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 A partial structural diagram of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 A partial structural diagram of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 5 A partial structural diagram of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 ;

[0033] Figure 6 A partial structural diagram of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 ;

[0034] Figure 7 A partial structural diagram of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 ;

[0035] Figure 8 A partial structural diagram of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 ;

[0036] Figure 9 A partial structural diagram of the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 ;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the stabilization component in the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on an ocean buoy provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the attached image:

[0039] 1. Buoy body;

[0040] 2. Nutrient in-situ monitoring unit; 201. Annular water storage box; 202. Water collection box; 203. Sample pump; 204. Filter; 2041. Cylindrical filter housing; 2042. Bottom cover; 2043. Filter element; 2044. Water inlet; 2045. Regular hexagonal groove; 205. Water suction pipe; 206. Water suction solenoid valve; 207. Sample cell; 208. Nutrient sensor; 209. Sample inlet tube; 210. Sample solenoid valve; 211. Cylindrical hollow connector; 212. Support tube; 213. Drainage solenoid valve; 214. Drainage pump; 215. Drainage pipe one; 216. Drainage solenoid valve; 217. Drainage pipe two;

[0041] 3. Green power generation mechanism; 301. Support frame; 302. Solar panel; 303. Wind turbine; 304. Support column; 305. Ring reinforcing rod; 306. Energy storage battery pack; 307. Navigation light; 308. Bearing; 309. Mounting rod; 310. Arc-shaped shell; 311. Reflector;

[0042] 4. Stabilizing components; 401. Cylindrical shell; 402. Bottom sealing plate; 403. Spring; 404. Piston; 405. Connecting rod; 406. Support seat; 407. Lever; 408. Hinge seat; 409. Float. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0044] Example

[0045] The nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys provided in this embodiment, such as Figures 1-10 As shown, it includes: a buoy body 1, a nutrient in-situ monitoring unit, a data transmission unit, and a data processing unit, wherein:

[0046] The buoy body 1 is used to support the entire device and float on the sea surface. The buoy body 1 is made of fiberglass, which not only ensures the device's sturdiness and durability, but also has excellent waterproof and corrosion-resistant properties, ensuring long-term stable operation in harsh marine environments. The hollow structure design effectively reduces the overall weight and improves the buoy's buoyancy and stability.

[0047] The nutrient in-situ monitoring unit 2 includes a nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism, a filtration mechanism, a seawater sampling mechanism, and a control unit. The nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism is used to detect the concentration of nutrients in seawater samples; the filtration mechanism is used to remove suspended solids and particulate matter from seawater samples to reduce interference; the seawater sampling mechanism is used to send the water sample treated by the filtration device to the nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism for detection; and the control unit is responsible for the automated control of the entire monitoring process and also controls the automated operation of the entire device.

[0048] The data transmission unit transmits monitoring data to the data center or cloud server in real time through wireless communication technologies such as satellite communication and microwave communication;

[0049] The data processing unit is located in a data center or cloud server, where it processes and analyzes the received monitoring data and generates monitoring reports.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, a green power generation mechanism 3 is provided on the upper part of the buoy body 1, and several stabilizing components 4 are arranged in a circumferential manner at equal angles around the buoy body 1, wherein:

[0051] Green power generation unit 3 is used to power the entire device, utilizing solar and wind power to generate electricity, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and can also solve the problem of inconvenient power supply at sea. The green power generation mechanism 3 includes a support frame 301, several solar panels 302, a wind turbine 303, and an energy storage battery pack 306. The support frame 301 is fixedly installed at the upper center of the buoy body 1. Several solar panels 302 are fixedly installed around the support frame 301 at equal angles, and the solar panels 302 are all tilted. There are 3 solar panels 302, and each solar panel 302 is tilted at 60° to quickly dissipate rainwater on the surface of the solar panels 302, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of solar energy. Several solar panels 302 are electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack 306 through a solar controller. The wind turbine 303 is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 301 through a support column 304, and the wind turbine 303 is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack 306 through a grid-connected controller. The energy storage battery pack 306 includes several lithium iron phosphate batteries, which are fixedly installed inside the buoy body 1 at equal angles around the central axis of the buoy body 1.

[0052] The wind turbine 303 can be rotatably mounted and is equipped with a wind direction sensor and a motor that drives the wind turbine 303 to rotate. Both the wind direction sensor and the motor are connected to the controller. The controller can be used in conjunction with the wind direction sensor to control the wind turbine 303 to always face the wind direction, so as to improve the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine 303.

[0053] This embodiment combines solar panels and wind turbines to make full use of solar and wind energy resources in the marine environment, achieving green and sustainable power supply for the device.

[0054] Lithium iron phosphate batteries, as energy storage battery packs, have the characteristics of high energy density, long cycle life and good safety, ensuring a stable supply of electrical energy.

[0055] Each stabilizing assembly 4 includes a cylindrical shell 401, a bottom sealing plate 402, a spring 403, a piston 404, a connecting rod 405, a support base 406, a lever 407, a hinge base 408, and a float 409. The cylindrical shell 401 is fixedly and sealed to the top wall of the buoy body 1. The bottom sealing plate 402 is fixedly and sealed to the bottom end of the cylindrical shell 401. The bottom end of the spring 403 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the bottom sealing plate 402, and the spring 403 is located inside the cylindrical shell 401. The piston 404 is slidably mounted on the cylindrical shell 401. Inside the housing 401, the bottom of the piston 404 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring 403, one end of the connecting rod 405 is hinged to the top of the piston 404, the support seat 406 is fixedly and inclined outwardly installed on the top wall edge of the buoy body 1, the lever 407 is hinged to the upper end of the support seat 406, and one end of the lever 407 is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod 405, the hinge seat 408 is hinged to the other end of the lever 407, and the float 409 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hinge seat 408, and the float 409 can float on the sea surface.

[0056] Anchor ropes can be installed at the bottom of both the float 409 and the buoy body 1, and anchor hooks can be installed at the free ends of the anchor ropes to anchor the hooks to the seabed, thereby further improving the stability of the device.

[0057] The ingenious design of the buoy 409 and lever 407 structure effectively enhances the buoy's resistance to wind and waves and improves the stability of the device in harsh sea conditions.

[0058] The combination of the cylindrical shell 401, the spring 403, and the piston 404 further buffers the impact of waves on the buoy body 1 and protects the normal operation of the internal equipment.

[0059] Specifically, in this embodiment, a bird-repelling component is provided on the support column 304. The bird-repelling component is used to drive away flocks of birds to prevent them from perching on the upper part of the buoy body 1. The bird-repelling component includes a bearing 308, a mounting rod 309, and an arc-shaped shell 310. The bearing 308 is rotatably mounted on the support column 304. At least three mounting rods 309 are provided, and each mounting rod 309 is fixedly installed on the outer ring of the bearing 308. The mounting rods 309 are arranged in a circumferential angle around the central axis of the bearing 308. The number of arc-shaped shells 310 is equal to the number of mounting rods 309, and the arc-shaped shells 310 are fixedly installed at the end of the mounting rod 309 away from the bearing 308. A reflector 311 is fixedly installed in the opening of each arc-shaped shell 310. Under the action of the sea breeze, the arc-shaped shells 310 in the bird-repelling component drive the reflector 311 to make a circular motion. Through the reflection of the reflector 311, the flock of birds is effectively driven away, preventing the pollution and damage that may be caused by the flock of birds perching on the buoy body 1.

[0060] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to improve the structural stability of the bracket 301, an annular reinforcing rod 305 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the bracket 301 by a fixing rod.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the in-situ nutrient monitoring mechanism includes an annular water storage box 201 and several sample pools 207. The annular water storage box 201 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper part of the inner bottom wall of the buoy body 1, and the bottom of the annular water storage box 201 is connected to the inlet of the drainage pump 214 through a drainage pipe 215. A drainage solenoid valve 216 is installed on the drainage pipe 215. The drainage pump 214 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner bottom wall of the buoy body 1, and the outlet of the drainage pump 214 is connected to a drainage pipe 217. The drainage pipe 217 extends away from the drainage pump 214 to the outside of the buoy body 1, and the junction of the drainage pipe 217 and the buoy body 1 is sealed. Several sample pools 207 are fixedly and connectedly installed on the upper part of the annular water storage box 201 through support pipes 212. A nutrient sensor 208 is fixedly installed inside each sample pool 207, and a drain solenoid valve 213 is fixedly installed on each support pipe 212.

[0062] The filtration mechanism includes several sets of filters 204, the number of which is the same as the number of sample cells 207. The filters 204 are arranged in a circumferential angle around the central axis of the buoy body 1. Each set of filters 204 includes a cylindrical filter housing 2041, a bottom cover 2042, and a filter element 2043. The cylindrical filter housing 2041 is sealed and embedded in the bottom wall of the buoy body 1. The bottom cover 2042 is threaded onto the bottom of the cylindrical filter housing 2041. Several water inlet holes 2044 are provided on the bottom cover 2042. The filter element 2043 is encapsulated inside the cylindrical filter housing 2041 through the bottom cover 2042.

[0063] The seawater sampling mechanism includes a water collection box 202, a sampling pump 203, a cylindrical hollow connector 211, and several sampling tubes 209. The water collection box 202 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper part of the inner bottom wall of the buoy body 1, and is located on the inner ring side of the annular water storage box 201. Several suction tubes 205 are connected to the circumferentially equidistant connecting pipes on the side wall of the water collection box 202. The end of each suction tube 205 away from the water collection box 202 is connected to the top of the cylindrical filter housing 2041, and each suction tube 205 is equipped with a suction solenoid valve 206. The sampling pump 203... 3. It is fixedly installed on the upper part of the water collection box 202, and the inlet of the sampling pump 203 is connected to the inside of the water collection box 202. The cylindrical hollow connector 211 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the sampling pump 203. One end of several sampling tubes 209 is connected to the inside of the cylindrical hollow connector 211, and the other end of each sampling tube 209 extends to the pool opening of the corresponding sample cell 207. Each sampling tube 209 is equipped with a sampling solenoid valve 210. The number of suction tubes 205 and the number of sampling tubes 209 are the same as the number of sample cells 207.

[0064] The established in-situ nutrient monitoring facility can directly detect nutrient concentrations in seawater, providing real-time and accurate data support.

[0065] The filtration system effectively removes suspended solids and particulate matter from seawater, reducing interference factors during the testing process and improving testing accuracy.

[0066] The combination of the seawater sampling mechanism and the automated control unit enables full automation from seawater sampling to nutrient concentration detection, improving work efficiency and monitoring continuity.

[0067] It is worth noting that the number of filters 204, suction pipes 205, and sample inlet pipes 209 is the same as the number of sample cells 207, all set to six groups. One group is used at a time when the device is working, and the six groups are used in rotation periodically, which can significantly extend the service life of the in-situ nutrient monitoring device. Alternatively, if the filter 204 in use becomes clogged, or if the nutrient sensor 208 malfunctions, another group can be activated. This usage method can significantly reduce the maintenance frequency and effectively solve the problem of inconvenient maintenance at sea.

[0068] Among them, the nutrient sensor 208 can be selected from the HY-YDCG-Y01 model. Utilizing advanced sensing technology, it can simultaneously and with high quality perform in-situ online monitoring of five nutrients (NO2-N nitrite, NO3-N nitrate, PO4-P phosphate, NH4-N ammonia nitrogen, and SiO3-Si silicate), providing high-precision measurement results. This sensor is adaptable to both seawater and freshwater environments, and can operate normally even at extreme low temperatures, meeting various on-site debugging needs such as buoy and shipborne applications. It features low reagent consumption, long operating time, low drift, low power consumption, high sensitivity, stable and reliable operation, and anti-adhesion functionality, making it suitable for high-turbidity waters. The HY-YDCG-Y01 nutrient sensor can monitor the concentration of nutrients in seawater in real time, helping scientists understand the marine ecological status and providing scientific evidence for marine environmental protection.

[0069] The control unit includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the drain pump 214, drain solenoid valve 216, nutrient sensor 208, drain solenoid valve 213, sample pump 203, water absorption solenoid valve 206, and sample injection solenoid valve 210. The controller, drain pump 214, drain solenoid valve 216, nutrient sensor 208, drain solenoid valve 213, sample pump 203, water absorption solenoid valve 206, and sample injection solenoid valve 210 are all electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack 306.

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the device can be placed stably during transportation, the bottom of the bottom cover 2042 is set to protrude from the bottom of the buoy body 1, so that the bottom cover 2042 can act as a support, which is conducive to the stable placement of the device during transportation.

[0071] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to make the bottom cover 2042 easy to install and remove with an Allen wrench, a regular hexagonal groove 2045 is provided in the center of the bottom of the bottom cover 2042, and the regular hexagonal groove 2045 is used to insert an Allen wrench.

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment, the data transmission unit includes a data transmission module located in the controller. The controller integrates a wireless communication module, which integrates satellite communication and / or microwave communication modules, supporting multiple communication protocols and frequency bands to meet the needs of different communication technologies.

[0073] It also includes an antenna system that is compatible with the wireless communication module. The antenna system includes a corresponding satellite antenna and / or microwave antenna. The satellite antenna and / or microwave antenna are mounted on the bracket 301 and are connected to the satellite communication and / or microwave communication module through signal lines, and draw power from the energy storage battery pack 306.

[0074] Utilizing wireless communication technologies such as satellite and microwave communication, real-time, long-distance transmission of monitoring data was achieved, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the data. The data processing unit operates in a data center or cloud server, generating detailed monitoring reports through advanced data processing and analysis algorithms, providing strong support for marine environmental protection and scientific research.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, a navigation light 307 is fixedly installed at the top center of the buoy body 1. The navigation light 307 is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack 306 and the controller.

[0076] The navigation light 307 on top of the buoy body 1 automatically turns on at night or in low visibility to provide navigation and warning for passing vessels.

[0077] The controller can be a PLC controller.

[0078] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a method for in-situ nutrient monitoring based on ocean buoys. The method uses the aforementioned in-situ nutrient monitoring device based on ocean buoys to monitor seawater nutrients in situ, specifically including the following steps:

[0079] S1: Device deployment: Place the nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on ocean buoys on the sea surface of the target sea area, and ensure that the buoy body 1 floats stably and all equipment is working properly;

[0080] S2: Green power generation. The solar panels 302 and wind turbine 303 in the green power generation mechanism 3 start working, converting the collected solar and wind energy into electrical energy and storing it in the energy storage battery pack 306. The energy storage battery pack 306 provides a continuous and stable power supply for the entire device.

[0081] S3: Automatic monitoring starts, the controller starts, and begins to control the automated operation of the entire nutrient in-situ monitoring unit;

[0082] The controller controls one of the water suction solenoid valves 206 and one of the sample injection solenoid valves 210 to open according to the set working time, while controlling all the other water suction solenoid valves 206 and sample injection solenoid valves 210 to close. Then, it controls the sample injection pump 203 to start. The sample injection pump 203 draws water from the seawater through the water suction pipe 205. After the suspended solids and particulate matter are filtered out by the filter element 2043 of the filter 204, the water enters the water collection box 202. Then, the filtered water sample is sent into the sample cell 207 corresponding to the sample injection solenoid valve 210 that is opened through the cylindrical hollow connector 211 and the sample injection pipe 209.

[0083] The nutrient sensor 208 in the sample pool 207 begins to detect the nutrient concentration in the water sample and transmits the detection data to the controller. After the detection is completed, the controller controls the drain solenoid valve 213 to open, so that the water sample in the sample pool 207 is discharged into the annular water storage box 201 through the support tube 212. After the water sample in the sample pool 207 has been discharged for a set time, the controller controls the drain solenoid valve 213 to close.

[0084] S4: Data processing and storage. The controller performs preliminary processing on the received nutrient concentration data and stores it in its internal memory.

[0085] If remote data transmission is required, the data will be transmitted to the data center or cloud server in real time through the wireless communication module and antenna system in the data transmission unit.

[0086] S5: Stability and Bird Repellency

[0087] The buoy 409 and lever 407 in the stabilizing component 4 automatically adjust according to sea conditions to maintain the stability of the buoy body 1;

[0088] The bird deterrent component uses the reflected light from the reflector 311 to drive away flocks of birds, preventing them from perching on the buoy body 1 and reducing disturbance;

[0089] S6: Regular maintenance:

[0090] The main body of the buoy 1 and its components should be inspected, cleaned and maintained regularly as needed to ensure the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0091] Replace or clean the filter element 2043 in filter 204 to ensure the filtration effect of the water sample.

[0092] S7: Report Generation

[0093] The data processing unit performs in-depth analysis of the received monitoring data in the data center or cloud server, and generates detailed monitoring reports, including nutrient concentration change trends, water quality assessment results, early warning information, etc., for use by relevant departments and researchers.

[0094] S8: Navigational beacon function:

[0095] The navigation light 307 on top of the buoy body 1 automatically turns on at night or in low visibility to provide navigation and warning for passing vessels.

[0096] S9: A liquid level sensor connected to the controller model can be installed in the annular water storage box 201. When the water level in the annular water storage box 201 reaches the set value, the controller controls the drain solenoid valve 216 to open, and then controls the drain pump 214 to start to pump the seawater in the annular water storage box 201 to the sea. After the seawater in the annular water storage box 201 is emptied, the controller simultaneously controls the drain solenoid valve 216 and the drain pump 214 to close.

[0097] Through the above steps, this nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys can achieve in-situ, real-time, and automated monitoring of nutrients in the marine environment, providing important data support for marine environmental protection and ecological restoration.

[0098] In summary, the in-situ nutrient monitoring method and device based on marine buoys provided in this embodiment have the following advantages:

[0099] The buoy-based in-situ nutrient monitoring method and device provided in this embodiment integrates multiple functional modules, including green power generation, in-situ nutrient monitoring, data transmission, and data processing, to achieve real-time and accurate monitoring of nutrient concentrations in the marine environment. The device is rationally designed, compact in structure, and stable in performance, enabling long-term stable operation in harsh marine environments. Simultaneously, the application of a green power generation mechanism enables the device to provide green and sustainable power, reducing operating costs. Overall, this device provides crucial technical support and data assurance for marine environmental protection and scientific research.

[0100] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nutrient in-situ monitoring device based on marine buoys, characterized in that, include: The device consists of a buoy body, a nutrient in-situ monitoring unit, a data transmission unit, and a data processing unit; the buoy body supports the entire device and floats on the sea surface. The nutrient in-situ monitoring unit includes a nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism, a filtration mechanism, a seawater sampling mechanism, and a control unit. The nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism detects the concentration of nutrients in the seawater sample; the filtration mechanism removes suspended solids and particulate matter from the seawater sample; the seawater sampling mechanism sends the water sample treated by the filtration mechanism to the nutrient in-situ monitoring mechanism for testing; and the control unit is responsible for the automated control of the entire monitoring process, controlling the automated operation of the entire device. The data transmission unit transmits monitoring data to the data center or cloud server in real time; the data processing unit is located in the data center or cloud server, processes and analyzes the received monitoring data, and generates monitoring reports; the buoy body is made of fiberglass with a hollow internal structure, and a green power generation mechanism is installed on the upper part of the buoy body; the green power generation mechanism is used to power the entire device, and includes a support frame, several solar panels, a wind turbine, and an energy storage battery pack. Several stabilizing components are arranged circumferentially around the buoy body at equal angles. The stabilizing components include a cylindrical shell, a bottom sealing plate, a spring, a piston, a connecting rod, a support base, a lever, a hinge base, and a float. The cylindrical shell is fixedly and sealed to the top wall of the buoy body. The bottom sealing plate is fixedly and sealed to the bottom end of the cylindrical shell. The bottom end of the spring is fixedly installed to the upper part of the bottom sealing plate and is located inside the cylindrical shell. The piston is slidably installed inside the cylindrical shell, and the bottom of the piston is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the top of the piston. The support base is fixedly and inclined outward to the edge of the top wall of the buoy body. The lever is hinged to the upper end of the support base, and one end of the lever is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod. The hinge base is hinged to the other end of the lever. The float is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hinge base and floats on the sea surface. Anchor lines are installed at the bottom of both the float and the buoy body. Anchor hooks are installed at the free ends of the anchor lines and anchored to the seabed. The in-situ nutrient monitoring mechanism includes a ring-shaped water storage box and several sample pools. The ring-shaped water storage box is fixedly installed at the center of the upper part of the inner bottom wall of the buoy body. The bottom of the ring-shaped water storage box is connected to the inlet of the drainage pump through a drain pipe. A drain solenoid valve is installed on the drain pipe. The drainage pump is fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner bottom wall of the buoy body. Several sample pools are fixedly connected and installed on the upper part of the ring-shaped water storage box through support pipes. A nutrient sensor is fixedly installed inside each sample pool, and a drain solenoid valve is fixedly installed on each support pipe. The seawater sampling mechanism includes a water collection box, a sampling pump, a cylindrical hollow connector, and several... The sample inlet tube and the water collection box are fixedly installed at the center of the upper part of the inner bottom wall of the buoy body. The water collection box is located on the inner ring side of the annular water storage box. Several water suction tubes are connected to the side wall of the water collection box at equal angles around the circumference. Each of the water suction tubes is equipped with a water suction solenoid valve. The sample pump is fixedly installed on the upper part of the water collection box. The inlet of the sample pump is connected to the inside of the water collection box. The cylindrical hollow connector is fixedly connected to the outlet of the sample pump. One end of each of the sample inlet tubes is connected to the inside of the cylindrical hollow connector. The other end of each sample inlet tube extends to the opening of the sample cell at the corresponding position. Each sample inlet tube is equipped with a sample injection solenoid valve. The control unit includes a controller, which is electrically connected to a drain pump, a drain solenoid valve, a nutrient sensor, a drain solenoid valve, a sample injection pump, a water absorption solenoid valve, and a sample injection solenoid valve. The controller, drain pump, drain solenoid valve, nutrient sensor, drain solenoid valve, sample injection pump, water absorption solenoid valve, and sample injection solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack.

2. The in-situ nutrient monitoring device based on marine buoys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support column is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket. The support column is equipped with a bird deterrent component, which is used to drive away flocks of birds to prevent them from perching on the upper part of the buoy body. The bird deterrent component includes a bearing, a mounting rod, and an arc-shaped shell.

3. The in-situ nutrient monitoring device based on marine buoys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket is fixedly installed at the upper center of the buoy body, and a ring-shaped reinforcing rod is fixedly installed on the upper part of the bracket by a fixing rod.

4. The in-situ nutrient monitoring device based on marine buoys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration mechanism includes several sets of filters, which are arranged circumferentially at equal angles around the central axis of the buoy body. Each set of filters includes a cylindrical filter housing, a bottom cover, and a filter element. The cylindrical filter housing is sealed and embedded in the bottom wall of the buoy body. The bottom cover is threaded onto the bottom of the cylindrical filter housing and has several water inlet holes. The filter element is encapsulated inside the cylindrical filter housing through the bottom cover. The bottom of the bottom cover protrudes from the bottom of the buoy body.

5. The in-situ nutrient monitoring device based on marine buoys according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the cover has a hexagonal groove in the center.

6. The in-situ nutrient monitoring device based on marine buoys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data transmission unit includes a data transmission module located in the controller. The controller integrates a wireless communication module, which integrates satellite communication and / or microwave communication modules and supports multiple communication protocols and frequency bands to meet the needs of different communication technologies. It also includes an antenna system that is compatible with the wireless communication module. The antenna system includes a corresponding satellite antenna and / or microwave antenna. The satellite antenna and / or microwave antenna are mounted on a bracket and are connected to the satellite communication and / or microwave communication module via signal lines, and draw power from the energy storage battery pack.

7. The in-situ nutrient monitoring device based on marine buoys according to claim 1, characterized in that, A navigation light is also fixedly installed at the top center of the buoy body, and the navigation light is electrically connected to the energy storage battery pack and the controller.

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