Aviation optical cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an aviation optical cable and a preparation method thereof. The aviation optical cable comprises an optical fiber, and a first wrapping layer, a buffer layer, a second wrapping layer, a braid layer and an outer sheath layer are sequentially arranged outside the optical fiber from inside to outside; the first wrapping layer and the second wrapping layer are of ultrathin plastic tape wrapping structures; the buffer layer is formed by extruding a thermoplastic material; the woven layer is formed by weaving a plurality of strands of fiber yarns in a crossed manner; and the outer sheath layer is formed by extruding a thermoplastic material. The aviation optical cable obtained by the invention has the characteristics of small attenuation, small outer diameter, light weight, shock resistance, tensile strength, temperature resistance, environment resistance and the like; the cable is suitable for being used in scenes with strict requirements for attenuation, outer diameter, weight, shock resistance, tensile strength, temperature resistance and environment resistance, such as unmanned aerial vehicles and airplanes, not only can effectively improve the load weight of the unmanned aerial vehicles and the airplanes, but also can improve the communication efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical cable technology, in particular to an aviation optical cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, signal transmission in drones and airplanes still basically uses wires and optical cables, while optical fibers and optical cables with lower transmission loss, higher communication speed and better anti-interference performance are less used; the main reason is that the optical fibers and optical cables in the industry cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of low attenuation, small outer diameter, light weight, earthquake resistance, tensile strength, temperature resistance, and environmental resistance.

[0003] In order to solve the application of optical fiber and optical cable in the harsh environment of drones and aircraft, an aviation optical cable is designed with the characteristics of low attenuation, small outer diameter, light weight, earthquake resistance, tensile resistance, temperature resistance, and environmental resistance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aviation optical cable and a preparation method thereof with low attenuation, small outer diameter, light weight, earthquake resistance, tensile resistance, temperature resistance and environmental resistance in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] The technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: An aviation optical cable comprises an optical fiber, wherein a first wrapping layer, a buffer layer, a second wrapping layer, a braided layer and an outer sheath layer are sequentially arranged on the outside of the optical fiber from the inside to the outside; the first wrapping layer and the second wrapping layer are ultra-thin plastic tape wrapping structures; the buffer layer is extruded from a thermoplastic material; the braided layer is cross-woven from multiple fiber strands; and the outer sheath layer is extruded from a thermoplastic material.

[0006] Preferably, the material of the first and second wrapping layers is a low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape, wherein the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape used in the first and second wrapping layers has the advantages of high temperature resistance, good flexibility, good shielding performance, high communication frequency and low attenuation, and very small thermal expansion coefficient. When in use, micropores are generated by stretching, and its dielectric constant is significantly reduced.

[0007] Preferably, the buffer layer is made of TPV thermoplastic elastomer material. Among them, TPV thermoplastic elastomer has excellent physical properties: TPV has good elasticity and compression deformation resistance, excellent environmental resistance, aging resistance, oil resistance and solvent resistance, light specific gravity, excellent dynamic fatigue resistance, high tear resistance, excellent weather resistance and good wear resistance. At the same time, it also has excellent flame retardant and UV resistance. Preferably, the material used for the braided layer is aramid fiber filaments, and the braided layer is wrapped around the second sheath in a cross-woven structure. Wherein, the material of the braided layer is aramid fiber filaments, and aramid fiber has excellent mechanical properties, excellent flame retardancy, heat resistance, stable chemical properties, good alkali resistance, excellent radiation resistance and good durability. At the same time, the braided layer adopts a cross-woven structure, so that the braided layer has the characteristics of being tight, uniform and high-strength. It can be effectively wrapped around the outside of the second sheath to provide additional protection and support. At the same time, the cross-woven structure of the braided layer not only enhances the tensile strength and shear deformation resistance of the optical cable, but also improves the impact damage tolerance of the optical cable. It enables the optical cable to better maintain structural integrity when subjected to external forces, thereby protecting the internal sheath and conductor from damage. Therefore, the braided layer is wrapped around the sheath in a cross-woven structure, which provides additional protection and support for the optical cable and enhances the mechanical properties and durability of the optical cable. Preferably, the material of the outer sheath layer is X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer. Among them, X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer has excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, radiation resistance, high strength, wear resistance, bending resistance and stress cracking resistance. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of light weight, low density, excellent tolerance and superior electrical properties. X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer has good dielectric properties and voltage resistance characteristics, and can effectively prevent corona phenomenon. These characteristics make it still stable under high-voltage environment.

[0008] Preferably, the optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber or a multimode optical fiber with a coating. The method for preparing the above-mentioned aviation optical cable comprises the following steps: Step 1. Pay out the optical fiber from the active pay-off reel of the wrapping machine, install the spooled low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape on the wrapping reel, and wrap the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape evenly and tightly around the optical fiber to form the first wrapping layer through the rotation of the wrapping reel; Step 2. Load the TPV thermoplastic elastomer into the extruder hopper, load the semi-finished product of the first wrapping layer onto the pay-off stand of the extruder, and then extrude the hot-melt TPV thermoplastic elastomer onto the outside of the first wrapping layer through the extruder to form a buffer layer; Step 3. The semi-finished product of the extruded buffer layer is released from the active pay-off reel of the wrapping machine, and the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is mounted on the wrapping reel. The low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is evenly and tightly wrapped around the buffer layer by the rotation of the wrapping reel to form a second wrapping layer; Step 4. Place the semi-finished product with the second wrapped layer on the pay-off frame of the braiding machine, pay out a plurality of skeins of aramid fiber yarns from the pay-off column on the braiding machine, and then evenly and tightly braid a plurality of aramid fiber yarns outside the second wrapped layer in a cross manner to form a braided layer; Step 5. Load the X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer into the extruder hopper, load the semi-finished braided layer onto the pay-off rack of the extruder and release it, then extrude the hot-melt X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer onto the outside of the braided layer through the extruder to form an outer sheath layer.

[0009] Preferably, step 2 also includes the following steps: shaping the extruded buffer layer through a hot water tank and a cold water tank; drying the moisture attached to the surface of the buffer layer through a drying device; measuring the outer diameter parameters of the extruded buffer layer through a diameter gauge to monitor whether the outer diameter value meets the requirements; if it does not meet the requirements, correcting it by adjusting the equipment parameters.

[0010] Preferably, step 4 further comprises pressing the braided layer by a wire passing die at the upper end of the braiding machine to form a consistent outer diameter.

[0011] Preferably, step 5 also includes the following steps: shaping the extruded outer sheath layer through a hot water tank and a cold water tank; drying the moisture attached to the surface of the outer sheath layer through a drying device; the outer diameter parameters of the extruded outer sheath layer can be measured by a diameter gauge to monitor whether the outer diameter value meets the requirements; if it does not meet the requirements, it is corrected by adjusting the equipment parameters; after passing through the diameter gauge, the semi-finished product is pulled to the meter by the traction wheel; the meter counts the length of the semi-finished product produced; finally, it reaches the take-up reel through the wire storage device, and the take-up reel collects the semi-finished product with the outer sheath layer extruded on the take-up reel.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The aviation optical cable of the present invention has the characteristics of low attenuation, small outer diameter, light weight, shock resistance, tensile strength, temperature resistance, and environmental resistance; it is suitable for use in scenarios such as drones and airplanes that have strict requirements on attenuation, outer diameter, weight, shock resistance, tensile strength, temperature resistance, and environmental resistance. The present invention can effectively increase the load weight of drones and airplanes, and can also improve communication efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure numerals: 1—optical fiber; 2—first cladding layer; 3—buffer layer; 4—second cladding layer; 5—braided layer; 6—outer sheath layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0015] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, an aviation optical cable comprises an optical fiber 1, on the outside of the optical fiber 1 are arranged a first cladding layer 2, a buffer layer 3, a second cladding layer 4, a braided layer 5 and an outer sheath layer 6 in sequence from the inside to the outside; the first cladding layer 2 and the second cladding layer 4 are ultra-thin plastic tape wrapped structures; the buffer layer 3 is extruded from a thermoplastic material; the braided layer 5 is cross-woven from multiple fiber strands; the outer sheath layer 6 is extruded from a thermoplastic material.

[0018] Specifically, the optical fiber 1 is a single-mode optical fiber 1 or a multimode optical fiber 1 with a coating layer. The first cladding layer 2 is a low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape, which is tightly wrapped around the outside of the optical fiber 1 in a circular shape by a cladding process; the buffer layer 3 is extruded from a TPV thermoplastic elastomer material, which is tightly wrapped around the outside of the first cladding layer 2 by an extrusion process; the second cladding layer 4 is a low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape, which is tightly wrapped around the outside of the buffer layer 3 by a cladding process; the material of the braided layer 5 is aramid fiber filaments, which is tightly wrapped around the outside of the second cladding layer 4 by a cross-braiding process; the material of the outer sheath layer 6 is an X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, which is extruded around the outside of the braided layer 5 by an extrusion process to form an aviation optical cable.

[0019] The low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape of the first wrapping layer 2 is a 3mm*0.051mm low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape, the wrapping pitch is 1.6-1.8mm, the wrapping overlap rate is 54-58%, the wrapping tension is 0.4-0.6N, and the outer diameter of the first wrapping layer 2 is 0.44-0.46±0.05mm; The material of the buffer layer 3 is TPV thermoplastic elastomer, the extrusion thickness is 0.16mm-0.26mm, and the outer diameter of the buffer layer 3 is 0.83-0.86±0.05mm; The low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape of the second wrapping layer 4 is a low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape of 3mm*0.051mm, the wrapping pitch is 1.5~1.7mm, the wrapping overlap rate is 54~56%, the wrapping tension is 3.0~4.0N, and the outer diameter of the second wrapping layer 4 is 1.04~1.06±0.05mm; The material of the braided layer 5 is 200D or 400D aramid fiber filaments, with a total of 23 to 25 strands, a braiding speed of 270 to 290 mm / min, a braiding pitch of 11 to 13 mm, and an outer diameter of the braided layer 5 of 1.39 to 1.41 ± 0.05 mm; The material of the outer sheath layer 6 is X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, the extrusion thickness is 0.16mm-0.26mm, and the outer diameter of the outer sheath layer 6 is 1.78-1.82±0.08mm.

[0020] A method for preparing an aviation optical cable, the specific steps comprising: Step 1. Pay out the optical fiber 1 from the active pay-off reel of the wrapping machine, install the spooled low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape on the wrapping reel, and wrap the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape evenly and tightly around the optical fiber 1 through the rotation of the wrapping reel to form a first wrapping layer 2; Specifically, the optical fiber 1 is released from the active pay-off reel of the wrapping machine, passes through the central hole of the wrapping reel of the wrapping machine, passes through the mold at the front end of the wrapping machine, and then is wound on the guide reel, and then pulled out from the guide reel and wound on the traction wheel, and then is pulled out from the traction wheel and wound on the wire storage device, and then is pulled out from the wire storage device and fixed on the take-up reel; The low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is mounted on the wrapping disc, and the end of the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is led from the guide wheel to the optical fiber 1, and then the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is rotated and wrapped around the optical fiber 1, and then the wrapping machine is manually controlled to rotate, and the moving optical fiber 1 brings the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape out of the mold at the front end of the wrapping machine, bypasses the guide disc, the traction wheel and the wire storage device, and finally is pulled to the take-up disc; In actual use, the material of the first cladding layer 2 is a 3mm*0.051mm low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape, the wrapping pitch is 1.7mm, the wrapping pitch of the first cladding layer 2 is generally 6.8 times the outer diameter of the optical fiber 1, the wrapping overlap rate is 56%, the wrapping tension is 0.5N, and the outer diameter of the first cladding layer 2 is 0.45±0.05mm.

[0021] Specifically, after the wire is loaded, set the parameters of the wrapping machine, wrapping tension 0.5N, pitch 1.7mm, overlap rate 56%; turn on the wrapping machine, and through the rotation of the wrapping disk, wrap the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape evenly and tightly around the optical fiber 1 to form the first wrapping layer 2, and then press the wrapping layer through the mold at the front end of the wrapping machine to form a consistent outer diameter. The outer diameter of the first wrapping layer 2 is 0.45±0.05mm, and then the semi-finished product of the wrapped first wrapping layer 2 is collected on the take-up reel through the guide disk, traction wheel and wire storage device. The production using this technical measure has the advantages of good processing stability and small additional attenuation, and the outer diameter consistency of the first wrapping layer 2 is good; thereby ensuring the stability of the optical performance of the optical cable, such as attenuation, improving product consistency, and facilitating subsequent processing.

[0022] Step 2. Load the TPV thermoplastic elastomer into the extruder hopper, load the semi-finished product of the first wrapping layer 2 onto the pay-off stand of the extruder, and then extrude the hot-melt TPV thermoplastic elastomer onto the outside of the first wrapping layer 2 through the extruder to form a buffer layer 3; Specifically, the TPV thermoplastic elastomer material is loaded into the extruder hopper, the baking temperature is adjusted to 80°C, the baking time is 5 hours, and the equipment is turned on to bake the material; the semi-finished product with the first cladding layer 2 is installed on the pay-off rack of the extruder, and then the semi-finished product thread head is passed through the extrusion die of the extruder and connected to the traction line, and then the semi-finished product is passed through the hot water tank, the cold water tank, the drying device, the diameter gauge, the traction wheel, the meter counter, and the wire storage device through the traction line, and finally fixed on the take-up reel of the extruder; After the TPV thermoplastic elastomer material is baked, set the extruder parameters, the body temperature is 180℃, the head temperature is 190℃, and the traction speed is 20m / min. After the body and head temperatures rise to the set temperature, turn on the vacuum device to evacuate the head, turn on the extruder, and extrude the hot-melted TPV thermoplastic elastomer material onto the outside of the first wrapping layer 2 through the extrusion die on the head to form a buffer layer 3; then the extruded buffer layer 3 is shaped through a hot water tank and a cold water tank, and the moisture attached to the surface of the buffer layer 3 is blown dry by a drying device. The outer diameter parameters of the extruded buffer layer 3 can be measured by a diameter gauge to monitor whether the outer diameter value meets the requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, it is corrected by adjusting the equipment parameters; after passing the diameter gauge, the semi-finished product is pulled to the meter by the traction wheel, and the meter counts the length of the semi-finished product produced, and finally reaches the take-up reel through the wire storage device, and the take-up reel collects the semi-finished product with the extruded buffer layer 3 on the take-up reel. The buffer layer 3 has a smooth surface, a thickness of about 0.16 mm to 0.26 mm, and an outer diameter of 0.45 ± 0.05 mm. The buffer layer 3 made by this technical measure has good elasticity and resistance to compression deformation, can reduce the extrusion and vibration of the optical fiber 1 in the tight sleeve structure, and protect the optical fiber 1 from damage.

[0023] Step 3. Release the semi-finished product of the extruded buffer layer 3 from the active pay-off reel of the wrapping machine, install the spooled low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape on the wrapping reel, and wrap the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape evenly and tightly around the buffer layer 3 through the rotation of the wrapping reel to form a second wrapping layer 4.

[0024] Specifically, the semi-finished product of the extruded buffer layer 3 is released from the active pay-off drum of the wrapping machine, passes through the central hole of the wrapping drum of the wrapping machine, passes through the die at the front end of the wrapping machine, and then is wound on the guide disk, and then pulled out from the guide disk and wound on the traction wheel, and then pulled out from the traction wheel and wound on the wire storage device, and then pulled out from the wire storage device and fixed on the take-up drum; The low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is mounted on the wrapping disc, and the end of the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is led from the guide wheel to the buffer layer 3, and then the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is rotated and wrapped around the buffer layer 3, and then the wrapping machine is manually controlled to rotate, and the moving semi-finished product brings the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape out of the mold at the front end of the wrapping machine, bypasses the guide disc, the traction wheel and the wire storage device, and finally is pulled to the take-up disc; In actual use, the material of the second wrapping layer 4 is a 3mm*0.051mm low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape, the wrapping pitch is 1.6mm, and the wrapping pitch is generally 1.8 times the outer diameter of the buffer layer 3. The wrapping overlap rate is 55%, the wrapping tension is 3.5N, and the outer diameter of the second wrapping layer 4 is 1.05±0.05mm; Specifically, after the wire is loaded, set the parameters of the wrapping machine, the wrapping tension is 2N, the pitch is 1.6mm, and the overlap rate is 55%; turn on the wrapping machine, and through the rotation of the wrapping disk, wrap the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape evenly and tightly around the buffer layer 3 to form a second wrapping layer 4, and then use the mold at the front end of the wrapping machine to press the wrapping layer to form a consistent outer diameter. The outer diameter of the second wrapping layer 4 is 1.05±0.05mm, and then the semi-finished product of the wrapped second wrapping layer 4 is collected on the take-up reel through the guide disk, traction wheel and wire storage device; the production using this technical measure has the advantages of good processing stability and small additional attenuation, and the outer diameter consistency of the obtained second wrapping layer 2 is good; thereby ensuring the stability of the optical performance of the optical cable, such as attenuation, improving product consistency, and facilitating subsequent processing steps.

[0025] Step 4. Place the semi-finished product of the wrapped second wrapping layer 4 on the pay-off frame of the braiding machine, pay out a plurality of skeins of aramid fiber yarns from the pay-off column on the braiding machine, and then evenly and tightly braid the plurality of aramid fiber yarns around the second wrapping layer 4 in a cross manner to form a braided layer 5; Specifically, the semi-finished product with the second wrapped layer 4 is placed on the pay-off frame of the braiding machine and released, and passed through the center hole of the braiding machine; then the 24-axis stranded aramid fiber yarns are evenly and neatly loaded on the pay-off column on the braiding machine and fixed, and each strand of aramid fiber yarn is passed through the threading hole on the pay-off column, and all the aramid fiber yarns are evenly arranged around the semi-finished product with the second wrapped layer 4, and then passed through the wire passing mold at the upper end of the braiding machine together, connected with the traction line, and then pulled to the take-up drum through the traction wheel; After the wiring is completed, adjust the equipment parameters, the braiding speed is 280mm / min, and the braiding pitch is 12mm; turn on the braiding machine, and evenly and tightly braid the 24 strands of aramid fiber filaments on the outside of the second cladding layer 4 in a cross manner to form a braided layer 5, and then press the braided layer 5 through the wire passing die at the upper end of the braiding machine to form a consistent outer diameter. The outer diameter of the braided layer 5 is 1.40±0.05mm, and then the semi-finished product of the braided braided layer 5 is collected on the take-up reel through the traction wheel. The braided layer 5 adopts a cross-braiding structure, so that the braided layer 5 has the characteristics of being tight, uniform and high-strength. It can effectively wrap around the outside of the second cladding layer 4 to provide additional protection and support. At the same time, the material of the braided layer 5 is aramid fiber filaments, and aramid fiber has excellent mechanical properties, excellent flame retardancy, heat resistance, stable chemical properties, good alkali resistance, excellent radiation resistance and good durability. The cross-braiding structure of the braided layer 5 not only enhances the tensile strength and shear deformation resistance of the optical cable, but also improves the impact damage tolerance of the optical cable. It enables the optical cable to better maintain structural integrity when subjected to external forces, thereby protecting the internal sheath and conductor from damage. Therefore, the braided layer 5 is wrapped around the sheath in a cross-braided structure, providing additional protection and support for the optical cable, and enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of the optical cable.

[0026] Step 5. Load the X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer into the extruder hopper, load the semi-finished braided layer 5 onto the pay-off rack of the extruder and release it, then extrude the hot-melt X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer onto the outside of the braided layer 5 through the extruder to form an outer sheath layer 6.

[0027] In actual use, the X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer material is loaded into the extruder hopper, the equipment is turned on to dry the material online, and the online drying temperature is adjusted to 400° C. The semi-finished product with the braided layer 5 is installed on the wire pay-off rack of the extruder, and then the semi-finished product thread ends are passed through the extrusion die of the extruder and connected to the traction line, and then the semi-finished product is passed through the hot water tank, the cold water tank, the drying device, the caliper, the traction wheel, the meter counter, and the wire storage device through the traction line, and finally fixed on the take-up reel of the extruder; Set the extruder parameters, barrel temperature: zone 1 265℃, zone 2 270℃, zone 3 275℃, zone 4 280℃; mold temperature: fixture 290℃, flange 295℃, body 298℃, outer mold holder 300℃; extrusion volume: 1.9 rpm, extrusion speed 4.5m / min; after all temperatures reach the set temperature, start the extruder, and extrude the hot-melt X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer material onto the outside of the braided layer 5 through the extrusion die on the machine head to form an outer sheath layer 6.

[0028] Then, the extruded outer sheath layer 6 is shaped by a hot water tank and a cold water tank, and the moisture attached to the surface of the outer sheath layer 6 is blown dry by a blow drying device. The outer sheath layer 6 can be measured by a diameter gauge to measure the outer diameter parameters of the extruded outer sheath layer 6, and monitor whether the outer diameter value meets the requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, it is corrected by adjusting the equipment parameters; after passing through the diameter gauge, the semi-finished product is pulled to the meter counter by the traction wheel, and the meter counter counts the length of the semi-finished product produced, and finally reaches the take-up reel through the wire storage device, and the take-up reel collects the semi-finished product of the extruded outer sheath layer 6 on the take-up reel. The thickness of the outer sheath layer 6 is about 0.16mm-0.26mm, and the outer diameter is 1.80±0.08mm. The outer sheath layer 6 produced by adopting this technical measure has excellent characteristics such as high temperature resistance, radiation resistance, high strength, wear resistance, bending resistance and stress cracking resistance. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of light weight, low density, excellent tolerance and superior electrical properties. It can reduce the damage of external forces to the internal structure, improve the durability of the cable or optical cable, and at the same time, effectively improve the product quality.

[0029] The aviation optical cable produced by the above-mentioned technical measures has the characteristics of low attenuation, small outer diameter, light weight, shock resistance, tensile resistance, temperature resistance, and environmental resistance; it is suitable for use in scenarios such as drones and aircraft that have strict requirements on attenuation, outer diameter, weight, shock resistance, tensile resistance, temperature resistance, and environmental resistance, and can effectively increase the load weight of drones and aircraft, and improve communication efficiency.

[0030] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only applicable to help understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An aviation optical cable, characterized in that: It comprises an optical fiber, wherein a first cladding layer, a buffer layer, a second cladding layer, a braided layer and an outer sheath layer are sequentially arranged on the outside of the optical fiber from the inside to the outside; The first wrapping layer and the second wrapping layer are ultra-thin plastic tape wrapping structures; The buffer layer is made of extruded thermoplastic material; The braided layer is formed by cross-weaving multiple strands of fiber filaments; The outer sheath layer is extruded from a thermoplastic material.

2. The aviation optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that , The materials of the first wrapping layer and the second wrapping layer are low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape.

3. The aviation optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that , The buffer layer is made of TPV thermoplastic elastomer material.

4. The aviation optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that , The braided layer is made of aramid fiber yarns, and the braided layer is wrapped outside the second wrapping layer in a cross-braided structure.

5. The aviation optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that , The material of the outer sheath layer is X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.

6. The aviation optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that , the optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber with a coating.

7. The method for preparing an aviation optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1. Pay out the optical fiber from the active pay-off reel of the wrapping machine, install the spooled low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape on the wrapping reel, and wrap the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape evenly and tightly around the optical fiber to form the first wrapping layer through the rotation of the wrapping reel; Step 2. Load the TPV thermoplastic elastomer into the extruder hopper, load the semi-finished product of the first wrapping layer onto the pay-off stand of the extruder, and then extrude the hot-melt TPV thermoplastic elastomer onto the outside of the first wrapping layer through the extruder to form a buffer layer; Step 3. The semi-finished product of the extruded buffer layer is released from the active pay-off reel of the wrapping machine, and the low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is mounted on the wrapping reel. The low-density polytetrafluoroethylene microporous tape is evenly and tightly wrapped around the buffer layer by the rotation of the wrapping reel to form a second wrapping layer; Step 4. Place the semi-finished product with the second wrapped layer on the pay-off frame of the braiding machine, pay out a plurality of skeins of aramid fiber yarns from the pay-off column on the braiding machine, and then evenly and tightly braid a plurality of aramid fiber yarns outside the second wrapped layer in a cross manner to form a braided layer; Step 5. Load the X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer into the extruder hopper, load the semi-finished braided layer onto the pay-off rack of the extruder and release it, then extrude the hot-melt X-ETFE cross-linked ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer onto the outside of the braided layer through the extruder to form an outer sheath layer.

8. The method for preparing an aviation optical cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step 2 further comprises the following steps: The extruded buffer layer is shaped by a hot water tank and a cold water tank; The moisture attached to the surface of the buffer layer is blown away by a blow-drying device; The buffer layer is extruded by measuring the outer diameter parameters of the buffer layer with a diameter gauge to monitor whether the outer diameter value meets the requirements; if it does not meet the requirements, it is corrected by adjusting the equipment parameters.

9. The method for preparing an aviation optical cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step 4 also includes pressing the braided layer by a wire passing die at the upper end of the braiding machine to form a consistent outer diameter.

10. The method for preparing an aviation optical cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step 5 further comprises the following steps: The extruded outer sheath layer is shaped by a hot water tank and a cold water tank; The moisture attached to the surface of the outer sheath layer is blown dry by a blow-drying device; The outer diameter parameters of the extruded outer sheath layer can be measured by a diameter gauge to monitor whether the outer diameter value meets the requirements; if it does not meet the requirements, it can be corrected by adjusting the equipment parameters; After passing the caliper, the semi-finished product is pulled by the traction wheel to the meter counter; The meter counter counts the length of the semi-finished product produced; finally, it reaches the wire take-up reel through the wire storage device, and the wire take-up reel collects the semi-finished product with the outer sheath layer extruded thereon.

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