Electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution. The structure comprises a flat plate and a runner plate, the flow channel plate and the flat plate are rectangular plates with consistent overall dimensions, a groove is formed in the flow channel plate through a stamping process, the flow channel plate and the flat plate are welded into a whole, a cooling liquid flow channel is formed between the stamping groove of the flow channel plate and the flat plate, and a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet which are communicated with the cooling liquid flow channel are formed in the liquid cooling plate; the cooling device is characterized in that the cooling liquid flow channels on the flow channel plate are arranged in different areas, branch flow channels with different section sizes are arranged in each area, and the branch flow channels are connected to a main flow channel in parallel, and the two ends of the main flow channel are communicated with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet respectively. According to the invention, the flow of the cooling liquid in different areas in the liquid cooling plate is controlled, and the purposes of improving the thermal management effect of the battery and the overall performance of the electric vehicle and prolonging the service life of the battery are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle batteries, and in particular to an electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the new energy electric vehicle market and the development of battery technology, the requirements for the heat dissipation efficiency of battery cells are gradually increasing. The power battery is the core part of new energy vehicles. The heat dissipation efficiency of the battery affects the performance of the vehicle in terms of power and cruising range to a certain extent.

[0003] The power batteries of new energy electric vehicles are generally lithium-ion batteries, which are composed of multiple single cells. They have high energy density, long life and good charge and discharge performance. With the advancement of technology and the increase in market demand, the power batteries of new energy vehicles are developing towards higher energy density, faster charging speed and longer life, which indicates that the requirements for the heat dissipation efficiency of batteries are also getting higher and higher.

[0004] For new energy electric vehicles, the battery thermal management system (BTMS) mainly adopts air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material cooling and heat pipe cooling technology, and the current mainstream is liquid cooling technology. The core component of liquid cooling is the liquid cooling plate, that is, the heat generated by the battery is taken away by the coolant in the liquid cooling plate flow channel, so that the battery temperature is maintained in the most suitable range for its working efficiency (20℃-35℃). However, due to the arrangement structure of the battery cells in the battery pack, there are differences in the requirements for the coolant flow in different areas of the liquid cooling plate. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the design of the liquid cooling plate structure to achieve a reasonable distribution of the coolant flow in different areas of the liquid cooling plate, so as to improve the overall performance of electric vehicles and extend the service life of the battery. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of achieving flow distribution, and aims to achieve control of the coolant flow in different areas of the liquid cooling plate by setting regional flow channels on the flow channel plate, and designing the branch flow channels in each sub-area as a winding structure with different widths, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the battery thermal management effect and the overall performance of the electric vehicle and extending the battery service life.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A liquid cooling plate structure for an electric vehicle battery capable of achieving flow distribution, comprising a flat plate and a flow channel plate; the flow channel plate and the flat plate are rectangular plates with identical outer dimensions, a groove is punched on the flow channel plate, the flow channel plate and the flat plate are welded as one, a coolant flow channel is formed between the punched groove of the flow channel plate and the flat plate, and a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet connected to the coolant flow channel are arranged on the liquid cooling plate; the special feature of the structure is that the coolant flow channel on the flow channel plate is arranged in regions, branch flow channels with different cross-sectional dimensions are arranged in each region, and the branch flow channels are connected in parallel to the main flow channel whose two ends are respectively connected to the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet.

[0007] The above-mentioned electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution, the branch flow channel includes a primary flow channel and a secondary flow channel; the primary flow channel is the inlet and outlet liquid flow channel of each sub-area, which is a horizontal flow channel or a vertical flow channel; the secondary flow channel is a double flow channel structure with a meandering coil.

[0008] The above-mentioned electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution, the coolant flow channel on the flow channel plate is divided into six flow channel areas, among which the first flow channel area, the second flow channel area and the third flow channel area are located at the front of the flow channel plate, and are arranged in sequence from left to right along the horizontal direction; the fourth flow channel area, the fifth flow channel area and the sixth flow channel area are located at the rear of the flow channel plate, and are arranged in sequence from left to right along the horizontal direction; the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are located at the front end of the flow channel plate, and are arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

[0009] The above-mentioned electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure that can realize flow distribution, the width dimension of the primary flow channel is 20-30mm; the width dimension of the secondary flow channel in the first flow channel area is 17-27mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel in the second flow channel area and the secondary flow channel in the third flow channel area is 16-26mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel in the fourth flow channel area and the secondary flow channel in the fifth flow channel area is 20-30mm, and the width dimension of the secondary flow channel in the sixth flow channel area is 17-27mm.

[0010] The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution, wherein the flow channel plate and the flat plate are connected as one body through a brazing process.

[0011] The above electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution, wherein the flat plate and the flow channel plate are both made of aluminum plate, the thickness of the flat plate is 0.8 to 1.5 mm, and the thickness of the flow channel plate is 0.6 to 1.2 mm.

[0012] The present invention provides an electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution. The structure provides regional flow channels on a flow channel plate, and designs the secondary flow channels of the branch flow channels in each sub-region as a winding structure with different widths. Iterative optimization can be performed according to simulated flow velocity cloud maps and pressure cloud maps, and the width dimensions of the branch flow channels in each sub-region can be adjusted and designed to realize the control of the coolant flow in different regions of the liquid cooling plate, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the thermal management effect of the battery and the overall performance of the electric vehicle and extending the battery life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flow channel plate structure; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow in the first flow channel area; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow in the second flow channel area; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow in the third flow channel area; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow in the fourth flow channel area; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow in the fifth flow channel area; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow in the sixth flow channel area.

[0014] Explanation of the symbols in the figure: 1 is a flat plate; 2 is a flow channel plate; 3 is the coolant inlet; 4 is the coolant outlet; 5 is the coolant flow channel 5-1 is a branch flow channel in the first flow channel area, 5-1-1 is a primary flow channel in the first flow channel area, and 5-1-2 is a secondary flow channel in the first flow channel area; 5-2 is a branch flow channel in the second flow channel area, 5-2-1 is a primary flow channel in the second flow channel area, and 5-2-2 is a secondary flow channel in the second flow channel area; 5-3 is a branch flow channel in the third flow channel area, 5-3-1 is a primary flow channel in the third flow channel area, and 5-3-2 is a secondary flow channel in the third flow channel area; 5-4 is a branch flow channel in the fourth flow channel area, 5-4-1 is a primary flow channel in the fourth flow channel area, and 5-4-2 is a secondary flow channel in the fourth flow channel area; 5-5 is a branch flow channel in the fifth flow channel area, 5-5-1 is a primary flow channel in the fifth flow channel area, and 5-5-2 is a secondary flow channel in the fifth flow channel area; 5-6 is a branch flow channel in the sixth flow channel area, 5-6-1 is a primary flow channel in the sixth flow channel area, and 5-6-2 is a secondary flow channel in the sixth flow channel area; Ⅰ is the first flow channel region, Ⅱ is the second flow channel region, Ⅲ is the third flow channel region, Ⅳ is the fourth flow channel region, Ⅴ is the fifth flow channel region, and Ⅵ is the sixth flow channel region. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] See Figure 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 The present invention provides a liquid cooling plate structure for an electric vehicle battery capable of realizing flow distribution, comprising a flat plate 1 and a flow channel plate 2; the flow channel plate 2 and the flat plate 1 are rectangular plates with the same outer dimensions, both made of aluminum alloy, a groove is formed on the flow channel plate 2 by a stamping process, the flow channel plate 2 and the flat plate 1 are welded together by a brazing process, a coolant flow channel 5 is formed between the stamping groove of the flow channel plate 2 and the flat plate, the brazing process ensures the sealing between the coolant flow channels, the present invention is provided with a coolant inlet 3 and a coolant outlet 4 connected to the coolant flow channel 5; the special feature is that the coolant flow channel 5 on the flow channel plate 2 is arranged in regions, and in its preferred embodiment, the coolant flow channel 5 on the flow channel plate 2 is divided into six flow channel regions , wherein the first flow channel area I, the second flow channel area II and the third flow channel area III are located at the front part of the flow channel plate 2, and are arranged in sequence from left to right along the horizontal direction, and the fourth flow channel area V, the fifth flow channel area V and the sixth flow channel area VI are located at the rear part of the flow channel plate 2, and are arranged in sequence from left to right along the horizontal direction; branch flow channels with different cross-sectional sizes are arranged in each sub-area, namely, the first flow channel area branch flow channel 5-1, the second flow channel area branch flow channel 5-2, the third flow channel area branch flow channel 5-3, the fourth flow channel area branch flow channel 5-4, the fifth flow channel area branch flow channel 5-5, and the sixth flow channel area branch flow channel 5-6, and the above-mentioned branch flow channels are all connected in parallel to the main flow channel whose two ends are respectively connected to the coolant inlet 3 and the coolant outlet 4.

[0017] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9In the electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution described in the present invention, the branch flow channels in each sub-region include a primary flow channel and a secondary flow channel; the primary flow channel is the inlet and outlet flow channel of each sub-region. In its preferred embodiment, the primary flow channel includes a primary flow channel 5-1-1 in the first flow channel region, a primary flow channel 5-2-1 in the second flow channel region, a primary flow channel 5-3-1 in the third flow channel region, a primary flow channel 5-4-1 in the fourth flow channel region, a primary flow channel 5-5-1 in the fifth flow channel region, and a primary flow channel 5-6-1 in the sixth flow channel region. The above-mentioned primary flow channels are horizontal flow channels or vertical flow channels. In its preferred embodiment: the width of the primary flow channel is 25 mm; the secondary flow channel is a zigzag winding double flow channel structure, including a secondary flow channel in the first flow channel region. 5-1-2, secondary flow channel 5-2-2 in the second flow channel area, secondary flow channel 5-3-2 in the third flow channel area, secondary flow channel 5-4-2 in the fourth flow channel area, secondary flow channel 5-5-2 in the fifth flow channel area and secondary flow channel 5-6-2 in the sixth flow channel area, the above secondary flow channels are all double flow channel structures with meandering windings. In their preferred embodiments, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-1-2 in the first flow channel area is 22mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-2-2 in the second flow channel area and the secondary flow channel 5-3-2 in the third flow channel area is 21mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-4-2 in the fourth flow channel area and the secondary flow channel 5-5-2 in the fifth flow channel area is 25mm, and the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-6-2 in the sixth flow channel area is 22mm.

[0018] See also Figure 4 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution described in the present invention has a first flow channel region branch flow channel 5-1 including a first flow channel region primary flow channel 5-1-1 arranged vertically and a first flow channel region secondary flow channel 5-1-2 of a double flow channel structure winding in a zigzag shape. The coolant swirls in the first flow channel region I and then flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, taking away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above the region.

[0019] See also Figure 5 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution described in the present invention has a second flow channel region branch flow channel 5-2 including a horizontally arranged second flow channel region primary flow channel 5-2-1 and a second flow channel region secondary flow channel 5-2-2 of a double flow channel structure winding in a zigzag shape. The coolant swirls in the second flow channel region II and then flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, taking away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above the region.

[0020] See also Figure 6The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution described in the present invention has a branch flow channel 5-3 in the third flow channel area, which includes a horizontally arranged primary flow channel 5-3-1 in the third flow channel area and a secondary flow channel 5-3-2 in the third flow channel area of ​​a double flow channel structure winding in a zigzag shape. After the coolant swirls in the third flow channel area III, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main channel, and takes away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above the area.

[0021] See also Figure 7 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution described in the present invention has a branch flow channel 5-4 in the fourth flow channel area, including a first-level flow channel 5-4-1 arranged vertically in the fourth flow channel area and a second-level flow channel 5-4-2 in the fourth flow channel area with a double flow channel structure winding in a meander shape. After the coolant swirls in the fourth flow channel area IV, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main channel, and takes away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above the area.

[0022] See also Figure 8 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution described in the present invention has a fifth flow channel region branch flow channel 5-2 including a fifth flow channel region primary flow channel 5-5-1 arranged horizontally and a fifth flow channel region secondary flow channel 5-5-2 having a double flow channel structure winding in a meander shape. After the coolant swirls in the fifth flow channel region V, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main flow channel, taking away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above the region.

[0023] See also Fig. 9 The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution described in the present invention has a branch flow channel 5-2 in the sixth flow channel area, including a horizontally arranged first-level flow channel 5-6-1 in the sixth flow channel area and a second-level flow channel 5-6-2 in the sixth flow channel area with a double flow channel structure winding in a meander shape. After the coolant swirls in the sixth flow channel area II, it flows back to the coolant outlet 4 through the main channel, taking away the heat generated by the battery pack cells arranged above the area.

[0024] Specific embodiment 1 of the present invention: When the coolant flow rate flowing through the flow channel plate 2 is 10L / min, after optimizing the design of the structure of the present invention, the width dimension of the primary flow channel in each flow channel area is 25mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-1-2 in the first flow channel area is 22mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-2-2 in the second flow channel area and the secondary flow channel 5-3-2 in the third flow channel area is 21mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-4-2 in the fourth flow channel area and the secondary flow channel 5-5-2 in the fifth flow channel area is 25mm, and the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-6-2 in the sixth flow channel area is 22mm. After testing under this working condition, the flow distribution in the branch channel 5-1 in the first flow channel area, the branch channel 5-2 in the second flow channel area, and the branch channel 5-3 in the third flow channel area are 15.66%, 16.23%, and 16.48% respectively; the flow distribution in the branch channel 5-4 in the fourth flow channel area, the branch channel 5-5 in the fifth flow channel area, and the branch channel 5-6 in the sixth flow channel area are 17.40%, 16.85%, and 17.38% respectively, which are within 5% of the design value. At this time, the flow resistance of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate is 16.14 kPa, which can meet the flow resistance requirements of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate.

[0025] Specific embodiment 2 of the present invention: When the coolant flow rate flowing through the flow channel plate 2 is 12L / min, after optimizing the design of the structure of the present invention, the width dimension of the primary flow channel in each flow channel area is 25mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-1-2 in the first flow channel area is 22mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-2-2 in the second flow channel area and the secondary flow channel 5-3-2 in the third flow channel area is 21mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-4-2 in the fourth flow channel area and the secondary flow channel 5-5-2 in the fifth flow channel area is 25mm, and the width dimension of the secondary flow channel 5-6-2 in the sixth flow channel area is 22mm. After testing under this working condition, the flow distribution in the first flow channel area branch flow channel 5-1, the second flow channel area branch flow channel 5-2, and the third flow channel area branch flow channel 5-3 are 15.39%, 15.86%, and 16.39% respectively, and the flow distribution in the fourth flow channel area branch flow channel 5-4, the fifth flow channel area branch flow channel 5-5, and the sixth flow channel area branch flow channel 5-6 are 17.76%, 17.06%, and 17.54% respectively, which are within 5% of the design value. At this time, the flow resistance of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate is 21.99 kPa, which can meet the flow resistance requirements of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling plate structure for an electric vehicle battery capable of achieving flow distribution, comprising a flat plate (1) and a flow channel plate (2); the flow channel plate (2) and the flat plate (1) are rectangular plates with identical outer dimensions, a groove is punched on the flow channel plate (2), the flow channel plate (2) and the flat plate (1) are welded together, a coolant flow channel (5) is formed between the punched groove of the flow channel plate (2) and the flat plate, and a coolant inlet (3) and a coolant outlet (4) connected to the coolant flow channel (5) are provided on the liquid cooling plate; the characteristics are as follows: The coolant flow channel (5) on the flow channel plate (2) is arranged in different regions, and branch flow channels with different cross-sectional sizes are arranged in each sub-region. The branch flow channels are connected in parallel to the main flow channel whose two ends are respectively connected to the coolant inlet (3) and the coolant outlet (4).

2. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The branch flow channel includes a primary flow channel and a secondary flow channel; the primary flow channel is the inlet and outlet liquid flow channel of each sub-region, and is a horizontal flow channel or a vertical flow channel; the secondary flow channel is a double flow channel structure with a meandering coil.

3. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The coolant flow channel (5) on the flow channel plate (2) is divided into six flow channel areas, wherein the first flow channel area (I), the second flow channel area (II) and the third flow channel area (III) are located at the front of the flow channel plate (2) and are arranged in sequence from left to right in the horizontal direction; the fourth flow channel area (V), the fifth flow channel area (V) and the sixth flow channel area (VI) are located at the rear of the flow channel plate (2) and are arranged in sequence from left to right in the horizontal direction; the coolant inlet (3) and the coolant outlet (4) are located at the front end of the flow channel plate (2) and are arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

4. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The width dimension of the primary flow channel is 20 to 30 mm; the width dimension of the secondary flow channel (5-1-2) in the first flow channel area is 17 to 27 mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel (5-2-2) in the second flow channel area and the secondary flow channel (5-3-2) in the third flow channel area is 16 to 26 mm, the width dimension of the secondary flow channel (5-4-2) in the fourth flow channel area and the secondary flow channel (5-5-2) in the fifth flow channel area is 20 to 30 mm, and the width dimension of the secondary flow channel (5-6-2) in the sixth flow channel area is 17 to 27 mm.

5. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow channel plate (2) and the flat plate (1) are connected as one body through a brazing process.

6. The electric vehicle battery liquid cooling plate structure capable of realizing flow distribution according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The flat plate (1) and the flow channel plate (2) are both made of aluminum plates; the thickness of the flat plate (1) is 0.8 to 1.5 mm, and the thickness of the flow channel plate (2) is not less than 0.6 to 1.2 mm.

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