Flywheel array power distribution method, controller and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a flywheel array power distribution method, a controller and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of determining a conversion power constraint condition of a flywheel array and a total loss power function of the flywheel array during operation based on an electric energy conversion instruction sent by a power grid and aiming at the flywheel array which performs electric energy conversion with the power grid; for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total loss power function, the conversion power constraint condition and the interaction condition between the flywheel unit and the adjacent unit, the reference power of the flywheel unit is determined under the condition that the value of the total loss power function is minimum, the adjacent units are flywheel units connected with the flywheel units in the flywheel array; and based on the reference power, determining distribution power of the flywheel units to complete power distribution of the flywheel array. According to the technical scheme, the loss power of the flywheel array in the electric energy conversion process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of flywheel energy storage, and in particular to a flywheel array power distribution method, a controller and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Flywheel energy storage is a physical energy storage method that stores electricity by rotating the rotor at high speed. It has the advantages of high power, fast response, long life and no pollution, and has a wide range of applications. Since the capacity of a single flywheel unit is limited, flywheel energy storage uses multiple flywheel units to form a flywheel array to achieve large-scale energy storage. The key to its control lies in the power distribution and energy balance of the flywheel unit.

[0003] However, under the existing power allocation strategy, the flywheel array loses too much power during the power conversion process, which needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a flywheel array power distribution method, a controller and a storage medium to reduce the power loss of the flywheel array during the electric energy conversion process.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a flywheel array power distribution method is provided, comprising:

[0006] Based on the electric energy conversion instruction sent by the power grid, for the flywheel array that performs electric energy conversion with the power grid, determine the conversion power constraint conditions of the flywheel array and the total power loss function of the flywheel array during operation;

[0007] For each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total loss power function, the conversion power constraint condition and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent units, determine the reference power of the flywheel unit when the total loss power function is minimized, wherein the adjacent unit is the flywheel unit connected to the flywheel unit in the flywheel array;

[0008] Based on the reference power, the distributed power of the flywheel unit is determined to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, a controller is provided. The controller is configured in a flywheel array, and the controller includes:

[0010] at least one processor; and a memory in communication with the at least one processor; wherein,

[0011] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor. The computer program is executed by at least one processor so that the at least one processor executes any flywheel array power distribution method provided by any embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer instructions are stored, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement any flywheel array power distribution method provided by any embodiment of the present invention when executed.

[0013] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention determines the conversion power constraint conditions of the flywheel array and the total power loss function of the flywheel array during operation for the flywheel array that performs power conversion with the power grid based on the power conversion instruction sent by the power grid, so as to provide constraint conditions for the subsequent calculation of the reference power; for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total power loss function, the conversion power constraint conditions and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent unit, the reference power of the flywheel unit is determined when the value of the total power loss function is minimized, wherein the adjacent unit is the flywheel unit connected to the flywheel unit in the flywheel array, and the reference power of each flywheel unit is calculated when the value of the total power loss function is minimized, so as to provide a reference for the subsequent determination of the allocated power and reduce the total power loss of the flywheel array as much as possible; based on the reference power, the allocated power of the flywheel unit is determined to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array, so as to make full use of the characteristics of different flywheel units, so that each flywheel unit can operate at the most appropriate power, and compared with the equal power distribution strategy, the power loss of the flywheel array during operation can be reduced. The above technical solution, by calculating the distributed power of each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, can make each flywheel unit operate at the most appropriate power according to the characteristics of different flywheel units, thereby reducing the power loss during the operation of the flywheel array.

[0014] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a flywheel array power distribution method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a flywheel array in a flywheel array power distribution method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3is a flow chart of another flywheel array power distribution method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a flow chart of another flywheel array power distribution method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a power allocation strategy of a flywheel array according to a specific example of another flywheel array power allocation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 is a power distribution operation flow chart of a flywheel array according to a specific example of another flywheel array power distribution method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 is a structural block diagram of a flywheel array power distribution device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a controller for implementing the flywheel array power distribution method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. The situations of "target", "original", etc. are similar and will not be repeated here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] Figure 1It is a flow chart of a flywheel array power distribution method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to the case of power distribution of flywheel units in a flywheel array. The method can be executed by a flywheel array power distribution device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the device can be implemented by software and / or hardware. The device can be integrated on a controller, and the controller is configured in the flywheel array.

[0027] See also Figure 1 The method of the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0028] S110. Based on the electric energy conversion instruction sent by the power grid, for the flywheel array that performs electric energy conversion with the power grid, determine the conversion power constraint conditions of the flywheel array and the total loss power function of the flywheel array during operation.

[0029] The electric energy conversion instruction can be understood as an instruction issued to the flywheel array to perform electric energy-mechanical energy conversion in the flywheel array. Optionally, the electric energy transmitted to the flywheel array by the power grid can be converted into mechanical energy of the flywheel array to achieve the purpose of energy storage, or the mechanical energy in the flywheel array can be converted into electric energy and transmitted to the power grid to achieve the functional purpose.

[0030] A flywheel array can be understood as an array composed of multiple identical or different flywheel units. Since the energy storage capacity of a single flywheel unit is limited, a large amount of electrical energy can be stored by forming a flywheel array.

[0031] The conversion power constraint condition can be understood as a constraint condition on the operating power of the flywheel array. Optionally, in order to make the operating power of the flywheel array meet the requirements of the electric energy conversion instruction, the conversion power constraint condition can be that the operating power is equal to the required power in the electric energy conversion instruction.

[0032] The total power loss function can be understood as the total power loss function when the flywheel array is running. Optionally, the total power loss function can be obtained from the loss function of each flywheel unit in the flywheel array.

[0033] An optional technical solution for determining the total loss power function of a flywheel array during operation includes: for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on at least one of the electrical loss, power loss and mechanical friction loss of the flywheel unit, determining the flywheel unit loss power function during operation; based on the determined multiple flywheel unit loss functions, determining the total loss power function of the flywheel array during operation.

[0034] Among them, since the flywheel unit has various losses during operation, such as electrical loss, power loss and mechanical friction loss, these losses can be represented by mathematical functions to obtain the flywheel unit loss power function that characterizes the loss during the operation of the flywheel unit, as shown in the following formula:

[0035] P loss =P G +P M +P f

[0036] Among them, P loss is the loss of the flywheel unit, P G is the electrical loss, P M is the power loss, P f Mechanical friction losses.

[0037] The electrical loss is related to the operating power of the flywheel unit, the power loss is related to the current of the flywheel unit, and the mechanical friction loss is related to the speed of the flywheel unit. At the same time, according to the conversion relationship between power, current and voltage, the current can be expressed in terms of power. By summarizing the loss function of each flywheel unit, the total loss power function is obtained. The total loss power function of the flywheel array can be expressed as:

[0038]

[0039] in, n is the number of flywheel units, α i Indicates the current coefficient, β i Indicates power factor, B i represents the friction coefficient, whose value is determined by the physical characteristics of the flywheel unit, w i Represents the angular velocity of the flywheel unit rotor, P i Represents the operating power of the flywheel unit. Through the above formula, the loss of the flywheel array can be clearly expressed through the total loss power function.

[0040] S120. For each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total loss power function, the conversion power constraint, and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent units, determine the reference power of the flywheel unit when the value of the total loss power function is minimized, wherein the adjacent unit is the flywheel unit connected to the flywheel unit in the flywheel array.

[0041] The reference power can be understood as the reference operating power corresponding to each flywheel unit when the total power loss of the flywheel array is minimized. The adjacent unit can be understood as other flywheel units in the flywheel array that are connected to the flywheel unit. Optionally, the flywheel units in the flywheel array can be connected in a distributed topology such as Figure 2As shown, for each flywheel unit, there can be multiple adjacent units, thereby improving the reliability of the flywheel array.

[0042] The conversion power constraint can be expressed by the following formula:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, P i represents the operating power of the flywheel unit, n is the number of flywheel units, P ref It is the required power in the electric energy conversion instruction.

[0045] In order to minimize the value of the total power loss function, the optimal power loss function of the flywheel array can be constructed as:

[0046]

[0047] Under the above constraints, the reference power can be obtained by calculating the following iterative formula:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] If the flywheel array obtains the power conversion instruction, then b i =P ref , otherwise b i =0. i,j Indicates whether the i-th flywheel unit in the flywheel energy storage array can exchange information with the j-th flywheel unit adjacent to it. If the i-th flywheel unit and the j-th flywheel unit can exchange information, then a ij =1, otherwise, a ij = 0. i represents the Lagrange multiplier, and J represents the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor. i Indicates the current coefficient, β i Indicates power factor, B i represents the friction coefficient and η is a hyperparameter. i is the intermediate variable, P i The derivative function of is i The derivative function of for y i The derivative function of .

[0052] According to the above formula and constraints, the algorithm converges after multiple iterations, and the obtained P iThat is the parameter power of each flywheel unit.

[0053] S130. Determine the distributed power of the flywheel unit based on the reference power to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array.

[0054] The distributed power can be understood as the operating power distributed to each flywheel unit. Optionally, after obtaining the reference power, the reference power can be directly used as the distributed power and distributed to each flywheel unit, or the reference power can be corrected according to the actual situation of the flywheel unit to obtain the distributed power, and then the distributed power is distributed to each flywheel unit, thereby completing the power distribution of the flywheel array.

[0055] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention determines the conversion power constraint conditions of the flywheel array and the total power loss function of the flywheel array during operation for the flywheel array that performs power conversion with the power grid based on the power conversion instruction sent by the power grid, so as to provide constraint conditions for the subsequent calculation of the reference power; for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total power loss function, the conversion power constraint conditions and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent unit, the reference power of the flywheel unit is determined when the value of the total power loss function is minimized, wherein the adjacent unit is the flywheel unit connected to the flywheel unit in the flywheel array, and the reference power of each flywheel unit is calculated when the value of the total power loss function is minimized, so as to provide a reference for the subsequent determination of the allocated power and reduce the total power loss of the flywheel array as much as possible; based on the reference power, the allocated power of the flywheel unit is determined to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array, so as to make full use of the characteristics of different flywheel units, so that each flywheel unit can operate at the most appropriate power, and compared with the equal power distribution strategy, the power loss of the flywheel array during operation can be reduced. The above technical solution, by calculating the distributed power of each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, can make each flywheel unit operate at the most appropriate power according to the characteristics of different flywheel units, thereby reducing the power loss during the operation of the flywheel array.

[0056] An optional technical solution, after determining the distributed power of the flywheel unit, further includes:

[0057] When the allocated power is the discharge allocated power, for each flywheel unit, the flywheel unit is controlled to perform a discharge operation based on the corresponding discharge allocated power, and the discharge speed of the flywheel in the flywheel unit during the discharge operation is determined. When the discharge speed is less than or equal to the preset minimum speed threshold, the flywheel unit is controlled to stop the discharge operation, and the second shortfall of discharge power between the completed discharge power of the flywheel unit and the discharge allocated power is transferred to the adjacent unit with the largest discharge speed among multiple adjacent units; and / or, when the allocated power is the charging allocated power, for each flywheel unit, a charging operation is performed based on the charging allocated power corresponding to the flywheel unit, and the charging speed of the flywheel in the flywheel unit during the charging operation is determined. When the charging speed is greater than or equal to the preset maximum speed threshold, the flywheel unit stops the charging operation, and the second shortfall of charging power between the completed charging power of the flywheel unit and the charging allocated power is transferred to the adjacent unit with the smallest charging speed among multiple adjacent units.

[0058] The discharge distribution power can be understood as the power distributed to the flywheel unit. The flywheel unit can be discharged to supply power to the grid. During the discharge process, the greater the discharge power, the faster the discharge speed of the rotor in the flywheel unit decreases. When the discharge speed is less than or equal to the preset minimum speed threshold, for example, ≤1.05w min When, w min To achieve the minimum flywheel speed, in order to ensure safety, the flywheel unit needs to be controlled to stop the discharge operation. At the same time, in order to ensure that the discharge power of the flywheel array remains unchanged, the second short discharge power between the completed discharge power and the discharge allocation power of the flywheel unit can be transferred to the adjacent unit with the largest discharge speed among multiple adjacent units, and the adjacent units can be used to compensate for the unfinished second short discharge power of the flywheel unit.

[0059] The charging allocation power can be understood as the power allocated to the flywheel unit to charge the flywheel unit. The flywheel unit can be charged to store the electric energy transmitted by the power grid. During the charging process, the greater the charging power, the faster the charging speed of the rotor in the flywheel unit increases. When the charging speed is greater than or equal to the preset maximum speed threshold, for example ≥0.95w max When, w max In order to achieve the maximum flywheel speed and ensure safety, the flywheel unit needs to be controlled to stop charging operations. At the same time, in order to ensure that the charging power of the flywheel array remains unchanged, the second shortfall in charging power between the completed charging power of the flywheel unit and the charging allocation power can be transferred to the adjacent unit with the smallest charging speed among multiple adjacent units, and the adjacent units can be used to compensate for the unfinished second shortfall in charging power of the flywheel unit.

[0060] The above technical solution can ensure the safe operation of the flywheel array by setting the maximum speed and minimum speed thresholds, and at the same time ensure that the operating power of the flywheel array remains unchanged by allocating the insufficient power to adjacent units.

[0061] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of another flywheel array power distribution method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned technical solutions. In this embodiment, optionally, after determining the distribution power of the flywheel unit based on the reference power, it also includes: for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, determining the remaining power of the flywheel unit after running based on the corresponding distribution power, and determining the charge state variance of the flywheel unit based on the remaining power and the adjacent power of the adjacent unit, wherein the adjacent power is the remaining power of the adjacent unit after running based on the corresponding distribution power; determining the working mode of the flywheel unit based on the charge state variance and the preset critical threshold, and controlling the operation of the flywheel unit based on the working mode. Among them, the explanations of the terms that are the same or corresponding to the above-mentioned embodiments are not repeated here.

[0062] See also Figure 3 The method of this embodiment may specifically include the following steps:

[0063] S210. Based on the electric energy conversion instruction sent by the power grid, for the flywheel array that performs electric energy conversion with the power grid, determine the conversion power constraint conditions of the flywheel array and the total loss power function of the flywheel array during operation.

[0064] S220. For each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total loss power function, the conversion power constraint, and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent units, determine the reference power of the flywheel unit when the value of the total loss power function is minimized, wherein the adjacent unit is the flywheel unit connected to the flywheel unit in the flywheel array.

[0065] S230. Determine the distributed power of the flywheel unit based on the reference power to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array.

[0066] S240. For each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, determine the remaining power of the flywheel unit after the flywheel unit runs based on the corresponding allocated power, and determine the charge state variance of the flywheel unit based on the remaining power and the adjacent power of the adjacent units, wherein the adjacent power is the remaining power of the adjacent units after the adjacent units run based on the corresponding allocated power.

[0067] Among them, the state of charge variance characterizing the difference in the remaining power between the flywheel unit and the adjacent unit can be calculated by the remaining stored power after the flywheel unit is operated based on the corresponding allocated power and the remaining power after the adjacent unit is operated based on the corresponding allocated power. Optionally, the state of charge variance can be calculated by the following formula:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Among them, S i Indicates the remaining power, S j Indicates adjacent power, is the charge state variance.

[0071] S250: Determine the operating mode of the flywheel unit based on the state of charge variance and a preset critical threshold, and control the operation of the flywheel unit based on the operating mode.

[0072] Among them, in order to keep the remaining power of each flywheel unit in the flywheel array relatively balanced after the operation, it is necessary to set a smaller critical threshold to judge the charge state variance and determine whether it is necessary to adjust the power balance inside the flywheel array, so as to determine the working mode of the flywheel unit, such as the power adjustment mode or the unchanged mode, and control the operation of the flywheel unit based on the working mode.

[0073] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention determines the most suitable working mode for the flywheel unit after the flywheel array is running through a preset critical threshold and charge state variance.

[0074] An optional technical solution, when the state of charge variance is less than a critical threshold, the working mode of the flywheel unit is a speed holding mode, and the operation of the flywheel unit is controlled based on the working mode, including: controlling the flywheel unit to receive the maintenance power input from the power grid to maintain the flywheel speed of the flywheel unit; and / or, when the state of charge variance is greater than or equal to the critical threshold, the working mode of the flywheel unit is a power balancing mode, and the operation of the flywheel unit is controlled based on the working mode, including: calculating the average power of the flywheel array, and controlling the flywheel unit to output and / or receive electrical energy to adjacent units so that the remaining power of the flywheel unit is equal to the average power.

[0075] Among them, the speed holding mode can be understood as a working mode that maintains the speed of the flywheel rotor in the flywheel unit unchanged. When the charge state variance is less than the critical threshold, it indicates that the remaining power of each flywheel unit in the flywheel array is relatively balanced, and the flywheel unit enters the speed holding mode. Due to the existence of friction, the speed of the flywheel rotor will gradually decrease. Therefore, in the speed holding mode, the flywheel speed of the flywheel unit can be maintained by controlling the flywheel unit to receive the maintenance power input from the power grid to ensure that the electrical energy stored in the flywheel unit remains unchanged.

[0076] The power balancing mode can be understood as a mode for balancing the remaining power between flywheel units. When the state of charge variance is less than the critical threshold, it indicates that the remaining power of each flywheel unit in the flywheel array is quite different. At this time, the flywheel units enter the power balancing mode. The average power of the flywheel array needs to be calculated. Optionally, the average power can be estimated by a distributed estimator. The specific formula is:

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] in, is the derivative of the average charge, q i and q j is the intermediate variable, S i Indicates the remaining power, S j Represents adjacent electric quantity. If the i-th flywheel unit and the j-th flywheel unit can exchange information, then a ij =1, otherwise, a ij =0.

[0080] The flywheel unit may then be controlled to output and / or receive electrical energy from adjacent units so that the remaining power of the flywheel unit is equal to the average power.

[0081] The above technical solution can reduce the impact caused by frequent movements between flywheels when the power difference between flywheel units is not large. At the same time, when the power difference between flywheel units is large, corresponding adjustments can be made to make the remaining power between flywheel units relatively balanced.

[0082] Figure 4 is a flow chart of another flywheel array power distribution method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is optimized based on the above technical solutions. In this embodiment, optionally, based on the reference power, the distribution power of the flywheel unit is determined, including:

[0083] The maximum conversion power of the flywheel unit is determined, and the reference power is corrected based on the maximum conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit. The explanations of the terms that are the same or corresponding to the above embodiments are not repeated here.

[0084] See also Figure 4 The method of this embodiment may specifically include the following steps:

[0085] S310. Based on the electric energy conversion instruction sent by the power grid, for the flywheel array that performs electric energy conversion with the power grid, determine the conversion power constraint conditions of the flywheel array and the total loss power function of the flywheel array during operation.

[0086] S320. For each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total loss power function, the conversion power constraint, and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent units, determine the reference power of the flywheel unit when the value of the total loss power function is minimized, wherein the adjacent unit is the flywheel unit connected to the flywheel unit in the flywheel array.

[0087] S330, determining the maximum conversion power of the flywheel unit, and correcting the reference power based on the maximum conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array.

[0088] The maximum conversion power can be understood as the maximum rated conversion power of the flywheel unit. In actual situations, the maximum conversion power of the flywheel unit may not reach the reference power. In order to fit the actual situation, the reference power needs to be corrected to obtain the distributed power to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array.

[0089] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the distributed power that meets the actual operating conditions of the flywheel unit by correcting the reference power through the maximum conversion power.

[0090] An optional technical solution, wherein the reference power includes a reference discharge power and / or a reference charging power, the maximum conversion power includes a maximum discharge conversion power and / or a maximum charging conversion power, and the reference power is corrected based on the maximum conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit, including: when the maximum discharge conversion power is less than the reference discharge power, the reference discharge power is corrected based on the maximum discharge conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit; and / or, when the maximum charging conversion power is less than the reference charging power, the reference charging power is corrected based on the maximum charging conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit.

[0091] The reference discharge power can be understood as the calculated reference power of the flywheel unit during discharge. When the maximum discharge conversion power that the flywheel unit can achieve is less than the reference discharge power, the reference discharge power can be corrected to the maximum discharge conversion power to obtain the allocated power.

[0092] The reference charging power can be understood as the calculated reference power of the flywheel unit during charging. When the maximum charging conversion power that the flywheel unit can achieve is less than the reference charging power, the reference charging power can be corrected to the maximum charging conversion power to obtain the allocated power.

[0093] The above technical solution, by using the maximum conversion power to correct the reference power, can reduce the power loss during the operation of the flywheel unit to the greatest extent according to the actual situation of the flywheel unit.

[0094] On this basis, optionally, after correcting the reference discharge power based on the maximum discharge conversion power, it also includes: determining the first shortfall in discharge power between the maximum discharge conversion power and the reference discharge power, and transferring the first shortfall in discharge power to an adjacent unit with the smallest discharge power among multiple adjacent units; and / or, after correcting the reference charging power based on the maximum charging conversion power, it also includes: determining the first shortfall in charging power between the maximum charging conversion power and the reference charging power, and transferring the first shortfall in charging power to an adjacent unit with the smallest charging power among multiple adjacent units.

[0095] Among them, after the reference power of the flywheel unit is corrected, in order to meet the discharge power requirement of the power grid, it is necessary to calculate the first short discharge power between the maximum discharge conversion power and the reference discharge power, and transfer the first short discharge power to the adjacent unit with the smallest discharge power among multiple adjacent units. Similarly, after the reference power of the flywheel unit is corrected, in order to meet the charging power requirement of the power grid, it is also necessary to determine the first short charging power between the maximum charging conversion power and the reference charging power, and transfer the first short charging power to the adjacent unit with the smallest charging power among multiple adjacent units.

[0096] The above technical solution can meet the operating power requirement of the flywheel array by transferring the insufficient power after the reference power is corrected.

[0097] In order to better understand the above-mentioned technical solutions, the following is an exemplary description with reference to specific examples. In this specific example, the power allocation strategy flow chart of the flywheel array is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the power distribution operation flow chart of the flywheel array is as follows Figure 6 The specific steps are as follows:

[0098] 1. Determine whether a power grid power instruction (i.e., an electric energy conversion instruction) is received.

[0099] 1. When the flywheel energy storage array receives a power command from the power grid, the total power demand of the power grid is allocated to each flywheel unit with the minimum total power loss (i.e., total loss power) as the power allocation constraint. This allocation method can minimize the power loss caused by the converter, eddy current and rotor friction during the operation of the flywheel.

[0100] 1.1. Obtain the friction coefficient and moment of inertia of each flywheel unit. The friction coefficient and moment of inertia are determined by the physical properties of the rotor. The friction coefficient and moment of inertia between rotors of different sizes and weights and flywheels of different models are different. Obtain the current coefficient α of the flywheel unit i and power factor β i , they are respectively related to the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the converter, and their values ​​can be calculated through preliminary test experiments.

[0101] 1.2. Determine the reference charge and discharge power (i.e., reference power) of each flywheel unit based on the loss function, power constraints and other parameter values.

[0102] The power loss of the flywheel unit is expressed as:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, U N represents the rated voltage of permanent magnet synchronous power, I represents the current amplitude, α i is the current coefficient, β i is the power coefficient, B i is the friction coefficient.

[0105] The conversion power constraint can be expressed by the following formula:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, P i represents the operating power of the flywheel unit, n is the number of flywheel units, P ref It is the required power in the electric energy conversion instruction.

[0108] In order to minimize the value of the total power loss function, the optimal power loss function of the flywheel array can be constructed as:

[0109]

[0110] Under the above constraints, the reference power can be obtained by calculating the following iterative formula:

[0111]

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] If the flywheel array obtains the power conversion instruction, then b i =P ref , otherwise b i =0. i,j Indicates whether the i-th flywheel unit in the flywheel energy storage array can exchange information with the j-th flywheel unit adjacent to it. If the i-th flywheel unit and the j-th flywheel unit can exchange information, then a ij =1, otherwise, a ij = 0. i represents the Lagrange multiplier, and J represents the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor. i Indicates the current coefficient, β iIndicates power factor, B i represents the friction coefficient and η is a hyperparameter. i is the intermediate variable, P i The derivative function of is i The derivative function of for y i The derivative function of .

[0115] According to the above formula and constraints, the algorithm converges after multiple iterations, and the obtained P i That is the reference charging and discharging power of each flywheel unit.

[0116] 1_3. According to the maximum charging or discharging power, safety current and maximum or minimum speed of the single flywheel (i.e., flywheel unit), the reference charging and discharging power obtained in 1.2 is corrected.

[0117] The maximum charge or discharge power of the flywheel is related to the angular velocity, and the relationship between them is expressed by the formula P max =1.5ρI max w. Among them, ρ represents the number of pole pairs, I max Indicates the maximum allowable current. The greater the rotor speed, that is, the higher the charge, the greater the maximum output power of the flywheel unit. Compare the calculated maximum power (maximum discharge conversion power or maximum charge conversion power) with the reference charge and discharge power. When the i-th flywheel P i >P max When P i =P max , the excess power (i.e., the first short discharge power or the first short charge power) is distributed to the adjacent unit with the smallest charge / discharge power among the multiple adjacent units. Similarly, the second flywheel unit that exceeds the maximum power distributes the excess power to the adjacent unit with the second smallest charge / discharge power among the multiple adjacent units, and so on. The reference power command of the flywheel unit does not exceed its maximum power, which means that the current size is within the safe current range.

[0118] The equation of motion for the rotor angular velocity is:

[0119]

[0120] Among them, p is the output power, B is the friction coefficient, J is the moment of inertia of the flywheel rotor, and w is the rotor angular velocity. It can be seen that the greater the output power, the faster the speed changes. When the power is greater than 0, it means that the flywheel unit is in charging mode and the speed increases. When the power is less than 0, it means that the flywheel unit is in discharge mode. In the operation of the flywheel, for practicality and safety considerations, the minimum speed and maximum speed are set respectively. In the charging mode, when the angular velocity (i.e. charging speed) of the i-th flywheel is wi ≥0.95w max When P i = 0, the second shortfall charging power between the completed charging power of the flywheel unit and the charging allocation power is transferred to the adjacent unit with the smallest charging speed among the multiple adjacent units. In the discharge mode, when the angular velocity (i.e., the discharge speed) of the i-th flywheel is w i ≤1.05w min When P i =0, the second shortfall discharge power between the completed discharge power and the discharge allocation power of the flywheel unit is transferred to the adjacent unit with the largest discharge speed among the plurality of adjacent units.

[0121] 2. When the flywheel energy storage array does not receive the power command from the power grid, the flywheel enters the standby mode, which has two modes: power balancing and speed maintenance.

[0122] 2.1. Obtain the remaining power of each flywheel unit and calculate the variance of the state of charge (SoC) between the remaining power of a single flywheel unit and its neighbors (i.e., neighboring units). Compare the SoC variance with the critical threshold σ. When the SoC variance ≥ σ, enter the power balancing mode and use the distributed estimator to determine the average SoC of the flywheel array. At the same time, the flywheel unit charges or discharges the neighboring units at maximum power to achieve power balancing.

[0123] 2.2. Obtain the remaining power of each flywheel unit and calculate the SoC variance between the remaining power of a single flywheel unit and its neighboring units. Compare the SoC variance with the critical threshold σ. When the SoC variance is ≤σ, enter the speed holding mode. The flywheel is charged with a smaller power to offset the speed attenuation caused by friction. Since the flywheel units are neighbors, duplicate instructions may occur. When there are power balancing instructions and speed holding instructions at the same time, the former has a higher priority than the latter, that is, the power balancing instruction is executed. The value of σ can be adjusted appropriately according to the actual situation.

[0124] The above specific examples can reduce the power loss during the operation of the flywheel array.

[0125] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a flywheel array power distribution device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and the device is used to execute the flywheel array power distribution method provided in any of the above embodiments. The device and the flywheel array power distribution method of the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, and the details not described in detail in the embodiments of the flywheel array power distribution device can be referred to the embodiments of the flywheel array power distribution method. Figure 7The device may specifically include: a total power loss function determination module 410, a reference power determination module 420 and an allocation power determination module 430, wherein:

[0126] A total power loss function determination module 410 is used to determine the conversion power constraint conditions of the flywheel array and the total power loss function of the flywheel array during operation for the flywheel array that performs power conversion between the flywheel array and the power grid based on the power conversion instruction sent by the power grid;

[0127] A reference power determination module 420 is used to determine, for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, a reference power of the flywheel unit when the total loss power function is minimized based on the total loss power function, the conversion power constraint condition, and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent unit, wherein the adjacent unit is a flywheel unit connected to the flywheel unit in the flywheel array;

[0128] The distributed power determination module 430 is used to determine the distributed power of the flywheel unit based on the reference power to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array.

[0129] An optional flywheel array power distribution device further includes:

[0130] A state of charge variance determination module, for determining, for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, a remaining amount of electricity after the flywheel unit is operated based on the corresponding allocated power, and determining the state of charge variance of the flywheel unit based on the remaining amount of electricity and an adjacent amount of electricity of an adjacent unit, wherein the adjacent amount of electricity is the remaining amount of electricity after the adjacent unit is operated based on the corresponding allocated power;

[0131] The working mode determination module is used to determine the working mode of the flywheel unit based on the charge state variance and a preset critical threshold value, and control the operation of the flywheel unit based on the working mode.

[0132] When the charge state variance is less than the critical threshold, the working mode of the flywheel unit is the speed holding mode, and the working mode determination module includes:

[0133] A flywheel speed maintenance submodule, used to control the flywheel unit to receive the maintenance power input from the power grid to maintain the flywheel speed of the flywheel unit; and / or,

[0134] When the charge state variance is greater than or equal to the critical threshold, the working mode of the flywheel unit is the power balancing mode, and the working mode determination module includes:

[0135] The average power calculation module is used to calculate the average power of the flywheel array and control the flywheel unit to output and / or receive electric energy to adjacent units so that the remaining power of the flywheel unit is equal to the average power.

[0136] Alternatively, the allocated power determination module 430 includes:

[0137] The reference power correction submodule is used to determine the maximum conversion power of the flywheel unit and correct the reference power based on the maximum conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit.

[0138] On this basis, optionally, the reference power includes a reference discharge power and / or a reference charge power, the maximum conversion power includes a maximum discharge conversion power and / or a maximum charge conversion power, and the reference power correction submodule includes:

[0139] a reference discharge power correction unit, for correcting the reference discharge power based on the maximum discharge conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit when the maximum discharge conversion power is less than the reference discharge power; and / or,

[0140] The reference charging power correction unit is used to correct the reference charging power based on the maximum charging conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit when the maximum charging conversion power is less than the reference charging power.

[0141] On this basis, optionally, the flywheel array power distribution device also includes:

[0142] A first discharge power deficiency transfer module is used to determine a first discharge power deficiency that is a difference between the maximum discharge conversion power and the reference discharge power, and transfer the first discharge power deficiency to an adjacent unit with the smallest discharge power among a plurality of adjacent units; and / or,

[0143] The first charging power shortage transfer module is used to determine a first charging power shortage that is a difference between the maximum charging conversion power and the reference charging power, and transfer the first charging power shortage to an adjacent unit with the smallest charging power among a plurality of adjacent units.

[0144] Another optional flywheel array power distribution device further includes:

[0145] a second shortfall discharge power transfer module, for controlling the flywheel unit to perform a discharge operation based on the corresponding discharge allocation power for each flywheel unit when the allocation power is the discharge allocation power, and determining the discharge speed of the flywheel in the flywheel unit during the discharge operation, and controlling the flywheel unit to stop the discharge operation when the discharge speed is less than or equal to a preset minimum speed threshold, and transferring a second shortfall discharge power that is a difference between the completed discharge power of the flywheel unit and the discharge allocation power to an adjacent unit with the largest discharge speed among a plurality of adjacent units;

[0146] and / or,

[0147] The second charging power shortage transfer module is used to perform charging operations on each flywheel unit based on the charging allocation power corresponding to the flywheel unit when the allocated power is the charging allocation power, and determine the charging speed of the flywheel in the flywheel unit during the charging operation. When the charging speed is greater than or equal to the preset maximum speed threshold, the flywheel unit stops the charging operation and transfers the second charging power shortage between the completed charging power of the flywheel unit and the charging allocation power to an adjacent unit with the smallest charging speed among multiple adjacent units.

[0148] Alternatively, the total power loss function determination module 410 includes:

[0149] A flywheel unit loss power function determination submodule, for determining, for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, a flywheel unit loss power function when the flywheel unit is in operation based on at least one of the electrical loss, power loss and mechanical friction loss of the flywheel unit;

[0150] The total loss power function determination submodule is used to determine the total loss power function of the flywheel array during operation based on the determined loss functions of the multiple flywheel units.

[0151] The flywheel array power distribution device provided in the embodiment of the present invention determines the conversion power constraints of the flywheel array and the total loss power function of the flywheel array during operation for the flywheel array that performs electric energy conversion with the power grid through a total loss power function determination module, based on the electric energy conversion instructions sent by the power grid, so as to provide constraints for the subsequent calculation of reference power; through the reference power determination module, for each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total loss power function, the conversion power constraints and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent units, it is determined that when the value of the total loss power function is minimized, the flywheel unit The reference power of the element, wherein the adjacent unit is the flywheel unit connected to the flywheel unit in the flywheel array. By calculating the minimum value of the total power loss function, the reference power of each flywheel unit can provide a reference for the subsequent determination of the allocated power, and reduce the total power loss of the flywheel array as much as possible; through the allocated power determination module, based on the reference power, the allocated power of the flywheel unit is determined to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array, and the characteristics of different flywheel units can be fully utilized to allow each flywheel unit to operate at the most appropriate power. Compared with the equal power distribution strategy, the power loss during the operation of the flywheel array can be reduced. The above device, by calculating the allocated power of each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, can allow each flywheel unit to operate at the most appropriate power according to the characteristics of different flywheel units, thereby reducing the power loss during the operation of the flywheel array.

[0152] The flywheel array power distribution device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the flywheel array power distribution method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0153] It is worth noting that in the embodiment of the above-mentioned flywheel array power distribution device, the various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above-mentioned division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0154] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a controller 10 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The controller is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The controller may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0155] like Figure 8 As shown, the controller 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the controller 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, ROM 12 and RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0156] A number of components in the controller 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the controller 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0157] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a flywheel array power distribution method.

[0158] In some embodiments, the flywheel array power distribution method may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the controller 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the flywheel array power distribution method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to execute the flywheel array power distribution method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0159] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0160] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine as a stand-alone software package and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0161] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0162] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on a controller having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the controller. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0163] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0164] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0165] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0166] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flywheel array power distribution method, characterized in that: include: Based on the electric energy conversion instruction sent by the power grid, for the flywheel array that performs electric energy conversion with the power grid, determining the conversion power constraint condition of the flywheel array and the total power loss function of the flywheel array during operation; For each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on the total loss power function, the conversion power constraint condition and the interaction between the flywheel unit and the adjacent unit, determine the reference power of the flywheel unit when the total loss power function takes the minimum value, wherein the adjacent unit is the flywheel unit in the flywheel array connected to the flywheel unit; Based on the reference power, the distributed power of the flywheel unit is determined to complete the power distribution of the flywheel array.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After determining the distributed power of the flywheel unit based on the reference power, the method further includes: For each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, determine the remaining power of the flywheel unit after the flywheel unit runs based on the corresponding allocated power, and determine the charge state variance of the flywheel unit based on the remaining power and the adjacent power of the adjacent unit, wherein the adjacent power is the remaining power of the adjacent unit after the adjacent unit runs based on the corresponding allocated power; Based on the state of charge variance and a preset critical threshold, an operating mode of the flywheel unit is determined, and the operation of the flywheel unit is controlled based on the operating mode.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the charge state variance is less than the critical threshold, the working mode of the flywheel unit is a speed holding mode, and the control of the flywheel unit based on the working mode includes: controlling the flywheel unit to receive the maintenance power input from the power grid to maintain the flywheel speed of the flywheel unit; and / or, When the charge state variance is greater than or equal to the critical threshold, the working mode of the flywheel unit is a power balancing mode, and the control of the flywheel unit based on the working mode includes: The average power of the flywheel array is calculated, and the flywheel unit is controlled to output and / or receive electric energy to the adjacent unit, so that the remaining power of the flywheel unit is equal to the average power.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the distributed power of the flywheel unit based on the reference power comprises: The maximum conversion power of the flywheel unit is determined, and the reference power is corrected based on the maximum conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The reference power includes a reference discharge power and / or a reference charge power, the maximum conversion power includes a maximum discharge conversion power and / or a maximum charge conversion power, and the reference power is corrected based on the maximum conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit, including: In the case where the maximum discharge conversion power is less than the reference discharge power, based on the maximum discharge conversion power, the reference discharge power is corrected to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit; and / or, In the case where the maximum charging conversion power is less than the reference charging power, the reference charging power is corrected based on the maximum charging conversion power to obtain the distributed power of the flywheel unit.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that After the reference discharge power is corrected based on the maximum discharge conversion power, the method further includes: Determine a first short discharge power which is a difference between the maximum discharge conversion power and the reference discharge power, and transfer the first short discharge power to an adjacent unit with the smallest discharge power among the plurality of adjacent units; and / or, After the reference charging power is corrected based on the maximum charging conversion power, the method further includes: A first charging power shortage between the maximum charging conversion power and the reference charging power is determined, and the first charging power shortage is transferred to an adjacent unit with the smallest charging power among the plurality of adjacent units.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After determining the distributed power of the flywheel unit, the method further includes: In the case where the allocated power is the discharge allocated power, for each of the flywheel units, the flywheel unit is controlled to perform a discharge operation based on the corresponding discharge allocated power, and a discharge speed of the flywheel in the flywheel unit during the discharge operation is determined; in the case where the discharge speed is less than or equal to a preset minimum speed threshold, the flywheel unit is controlled to stop the discharge operation, and a second shortfall discharge power that is a difference between the completed discharge power of the flywheel unit and the discharge allocated power is transferred to an adjacent unit with the largest discharge speed among the plurality of adjacent units; and / or, In the case where the allocated power is the charging allocated power, for each of the flywheel units, a charging operation is performed based on the charging allocated power corresponding to the flywheel unit, and the charging speed of the flywheel in the flywheel unit during the charging operation is determined. When the charging speed is greater than or equal to a preset maximum speed threshold, the flywheel unit stops the charging operation and transfers the second shortfall in charging power between the completed charging power of the flywheel unit and the charging allocated power to an adjacent unit with the smallest charging speed among the plurality of adjacent units.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of determining the total power loss function of the flywheel array during operation includes: For each flywheel unit in the flywheel array, based on at least one of electrical loss, power loss and mechanical friction loss of the flywheel unit, determine a flywheel unit loss power function when the flywheel unit is running; Based on the determined loss functions of the plurality of flywheel units, a total loss power function of the flywheel array during operation is determined.

9. A controller, characterized in that: The controller is configured in the flywheel array, and the controller includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the flywheel array power distribution method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the flywheel array power distribution method as described in any one of claims 1-8 when executed.

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