Photoelectric signal transmission method for photoelectric hybrid cable

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelectric signal transmission method for a photoelectric hybrid cable, which relates to the field of photoelectric signal transmission, and comprises the following steps: continuously monitoring the modal distribution of optical signals in an optical fiber, and identifying and recording the jumping phenomenon of the optical signals from a single mode to a multi-mode through a modal analysis algorithm; monitoring electric field intensity change characteristics during electric signal transmission in real time, and analyzing the possibility that the electric field induces the mode jump of the optical signal based on the state of the optical signal during mode jump and the electric field data at the moment; based on the prediction result of the jump data model, automatically calling a built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond at the early stage of signal mode jump, and maintaining the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal; and when compensation adjustment fails, transmission mode switching is automatically carried out to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal, and on the basis of the prediction model, an optical signal modulation compensation algorithm is adopted to adjust the transmission state of the optical signal at the initial stage of jumping, so that the influence of mode switching is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photoelectric signal transmission, and in particular to a photoelectric signal transmission method for a photoelectric hybrid cable. Background Art

[0002] In the actual application of optical-electrical hybrid cables, optical signals and electrical signals are transmitted in parallel through adjacent physical channels. Although they usually do not directly interfere with each other, in certain high-voltage and high-frequency scenarios, the strong electric field generated by the electrical signal in the conductor may induce a mode hopping effect in the optical fiber. This effect is mainly manifested in the conversion of the propagation mode of the optical signal from single-mode to multi-mode, or in the generation of unstable mode switching in multi-mode optical fiber, resulting in a decrease in the transmission quality of the optical signal.

[0003] Aiming at the mode hopping effect induced by electric field, a method for transmitting optical signals of optical hybrid cable is proposed. This method is based on the electric field interference prediction model. The sensor monitors the change of electric field intensity generated by the electric signal in the cable, and combines the data of transmission mode to predict the possible mode hopping. Based on the prediction model, the optical signal modulation compensation algorithm is used to adjust the transmission state of the optical signal at the initial stage of the hopping to reduce the impact of mode switching. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a method for transmitting optoelectronic signals in an optoelectronic hybrid cable is provided. This technical solution solves the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for transmitting photoelectric signals in a photoelectric hybrid cable, comprising:

[0007] Continuously monitor the modal distribution of optical signals in the optical fiber, and identify and record the transition of optical signals from single mode to multimode through modal analysis algorithms;

[0008] Monitor the changing characteristics of the electric field strength during the transmission of the electric signal in real time, and analyze the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the state of the optical signal at the time of mode jump and the electric field data at that moment;

[0009] Based on the prediction results of the transition data model, the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm is automatically called to respond in the early stage of the signal mode transition to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal;

[0010] When the compensation adjustment fails, the transmission mode is automatically switched to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal.

[0011] Preferably, the continuously monitoring the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber and identifying and recording the transition phenomenon of the optical signal from single mode to multimode by a modal analysis algorithm specifically includes:

[0012] Through highly sensitive photoelectric detectors and spectrum analysis equipment, optical signals transmitted through optical fibers are received in real time, and continuous sampling is performed within the set monitoring time window;

[0013] Based on the Fresnel reflection principle, the intensity and modal distribution of the transmitted optical signal are captured by setting a reflection node in the core of the optical fiber;

[0014] Based on the modal distribution of optical signals transmitted by optical fibers in optoelectronic hybrid cables, combined with modal analysis algorithms, real-time modal analysis of optical signals is performed to continuously track the propagation mode of optical signals and identify the timing of mode jumps of optical signals.

[0015] The Laplace transform analysis algorithm is used to perform dual analysis on the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the optical signal to filter out the high-frequency interference caused by the electric field on the optical signal.

[0016] During the optical signal transmission process, signals of different modes are automatically separated. When a mode jump occurs, the interference sources between the modes are identified and distinguished, and the signal state when the mode jump occurs is automatically stored.

[0017] Preferably, the real-time monitoring of the electric field strength variation characteristics during the electric signal transmission, and analyzing the possibility of the electric field inducing the optical signal mode jump based on the optical signal state during the mode jump and the electric field data at that moment, specifically includes:

[0018] Real-time monitoring of electric field data within a set monitoring time window, continuous high-frequency data sampling of electric field changes, and recording the electric field intensity change data and electrical signal frequency data in the form of time series digital signals;

[0019] The electric field intensity collected at each time subscript of the time series digital signal is compared with the data of the previous time subscript to determine the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time series electric field;

[0020] Perform wavelet transform analysis on the changes in the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the electric field time series and the frequency of the electric signal to determine the changing characteristics of the electric field signal at all times within the monitoring window;

[0021] Obtain and store the state record of the optical signal when the mode jump occurs, and perform time series matching and overlapping of the change characteristics of the optical signal state and the electric field signal;

[0022] Marking the moment when the optical signal mode changes, and establishing a change data model based on the change characteristics of the electric field signal and the optical signal state at the marked moment;

[0023] The real-time change characteristics of the electric field signal are compared with the change characteristics at the marked time in the jump model to calculate the jump threshold, which is used to predict future optical signal jumps and automatically start the signal compensation mechanism when the jump threshold reaches the set critical point.

[0024] Preferably, the method of automatically calling a built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage of the signal mode jump based on the prediction result of the jump data model to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal specifically includes:

[0025] When it is detected that the jump threshold reaches the set critical point, the optical signal compensation mechanism is started to automatically and dynamically compensate the phase, power and incident angle of the optical signal. Specifically:

[0026] The optical signal phase modulation algorithm is introduced to generate real-time static phase offset based on the optical signal jump characteristics. The phase offset of the optical signal is dynamically adjusted through the phase modulation algorithm. The phase modulation calculation formula is:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, ΔΦ dyn is the phase offset after dynamic adjustment, ΔΦ static is the real-time static phase shift, Δn is the refractive index difference, which indicates the relative refractive index of the optical signal in different modes, d is the optical path difference, which indicates the path length of signal propagation, and λ is the wavelength of the optical signal;

[0029] After the phase adjustment is completed, the interference intensity between the optical signal modes is analyzed. The interference intensity calculation formula of the two interference modes is:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, I ab is the intermodal interference intensity, I a ,I b are the light intensities of the two interference modes respectively;

[0032] According to the frequency of the transition and the intensity of inter-mode interference, the transmission power of the optical signal is dynamically adjusted through multi-level power control to increase the smoothness of the mode transition. The multi-level power control formula is:

[0033]

[0034] Where P adj , P init are the adjusted power and initial optical power, k i is the power regulation coefficient of the i-th level, f jump is the hopping frequency, M is the number of multi-level power levels;

[0035] After the power dynamic control is completed, the incident angle adjustment amount is comprehensively calculated according to the jump frequency and the inter-mode interference intensity. The incident angle is dynamically adjusted to suppress mode conversion and inter-modal interference. At the same time, the adjusted incident angle is controlled to satisfy Snell's law and be less than the critical angle calculation result.

[0036] Preferably, when the compensation adjustment fails, automatically switching the transmission mode to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal specifically includes:

[0037] Setting the optical signal transmission bit error rate and interference intensity thresholds, when it is monitored that the optical signal transmission bit error rate and interference intensity continue to exceed the set thresholds within the set monitoring time window, it is determined that the signal compensation is invalid;

[0038] When signal compensation fails, the stability of different modes in the current optical fiber channel environment is evaluated, and the transmission quality scores of different modes in the current environment are comprehensively calculated based on the environmental noise, interference intensity and signal attenuation characteristics of the channel. The transmission quality score calculation expression is:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, Q m is the transmission quality score of the mth mode, SNR m is the signal-to-noise ratio of the mth mode, σ 2 is the standard deviation of the modal jump frequency of the time series, I m is the interference intensity of the mth mode, I max is the maximum interference intensity, α is the interference weight factor, which is used to adjust the impact of interference on the score;

[0041] Based on the modal transmission quality scoring results, the transmission mode with the highest transmission quality score is selected as the target mode for mode switching.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] Continuously monitor the modal distribution of optical signals in the optical fiber, identify and record the jump phenomenon of optical signals from single mode to multi-mode through the modal analysis algorithm; monitor the change characteristics of the electric field strength during electrical signal transmission in real time, and analyze the possibility of electric field-induced optical signal mode jump based on the optical signal state at the time of mode jump and the electric field data at that moment; based on the prediction results of the jump data model, automatically call the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage of the signal mode jump to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal; when the compensation adjustment fails, automatically switch the transmission mode to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal.

[0044] Focusing on the mode hopping effect in optical-electric hybrid cables, a method for optical-electric signal transmission suitable for high-voltage optical cables, high-frequency communications, and high-power transmission networks in industrial environments is proposed. Due to the parallel transmission of optical fibers and cables and the complex environmental electric field, the mode hopping effect may significantly affect the signal transmission quality in these scenarios. The mode hopping prediction and dynamic compensation technology proposed in this scheme can effectively solve this problem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for transmitting photoelectric signals in a photoelectric hybrid cable according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A flow chart of the present invention for continuously monitoring the modal distribution of optical signals in optical fibers, identifying and recording the transition phenomenon of optical signals from single mode to multimode through a modal analysis algorithm;

[0047] Figure 3 A flow chart for analyzing the possibility of electric field-induced light signal mode jump based on the light signal state at the time of mode jump and the electric field data at that moment, which is a feature of electric field intensity change during real-time monitoring of electric signal transmission in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 The flow chart of the present invention is that based on the prediction result of the jump data model, the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm is automatically called to respond in the early stage of the signal mode jump to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of automatically switching the transmission mode to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal when the compensation adjustment fails according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a method for transmitting optoelectronic signals for an optoelectronic hybrid cable comprises:

[0052] Continuously monitor the modal distribution of optical signals in the optical fiber, and identify and record the transition of optical signals from single mode to multimode through modal analysis algorithms;

[0053] Monitor the changing characteristics of the electric field strength during the transmission of the electric signal in real time, and analyze the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the state of the optical signal at the time of mode jump and the electric field data at that moment;

[0054] Based on the prediction results of the transition data model, the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm is automatically called to respond in the early stage of the signal mode transition to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal;

[0055] When the compensation adjustment fails, the transmission mode is automatically switched to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber is continuously monitored, and the transition phenomenon of the optical signal from single mode to multimode is identified and recorded through the modal analysis algorithm, including:

[0057] Through highly sensitive photoelectric detectors and spectrum analysis equipment, optical signals transmitted through optical fibers are received in real time, and continuous sampling is performed within the set monitoring time window;

[0058] Based on the Fresnel reflection principle, the intensity and modal distribution of the transmitted optical signal are captured by setting up a reflection node in the core of the optical fiber, which has sufficient sensitivity before the optical signal has a mode jump, and is ready for real-time detection. The change of the optical signal may be affected by many factors, including temperature changes, electric field strength, etc. Therefore, in the initialization stage, these environmental factors need to be calibrated and compensated to ensure that the data collected subsequently has sufficient credibility.

[0059] Based on the modal distribution of optical signals transmitted by optical fibers in optoelectronic hybrid cables, combined with modal analysis algorithms, real-time modal analysis of optical signals is performed to continuously track the propagation mode of optical signals and identify the timing of mode jumps of optical signals.

[0060] Optical signals in optical fibers can be expressed as single-mode or multi-mode propagation, and the mode hopping phenomenon usually refers to the process of optical signals from single-mode propagation to multi-mode propagation, which will have a significant impact on the signal quality and transmission rate. Modal distribution monitoring relies on modal analysis algorithms to continuously track the propagation mode of optical signals and detect the specific timing of mode hopping. Assuming that the wavelength of optical signal propagation is γ, the basic parameters in the modal distribution can be expressed by the mode distribution function ψ(x, y, z, t), which satisfies the wave equation:

[0061]

[0062] in, represents the Laplace operator in space, n is the refractive index, c is the speed of light, and t is time. By calculating the changes in the modal distribution function in real time, the accurate transition timing can be obtained when the conversion between single-mode and multi-mode occurs.

[0063] By adopting the Laplace transform analysis algorithm and performing dual analysis on the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the optical signal, the high-frequency interference caused by the electric field on the optical signal can be effectively filtered out, and the key moments of mode jumps can be recorded in real time to facilitate accurate compensation and adjustment of the signal later.

[0064] During the optical signal transmission process, signals of different modes are automatically separated. When a mode jump occurs, the interference sources between the modes are identified and distinguished, and the signal state when the mode jump occurs is automatically stored.

[0065] Automatically store the signal status when the jump occurs, including but not limited to: signal strength, frequency fluctuation, and electric field strength change curve during mode switching. Through the storage and subsequent analysis of these data, it is possible to predict future signal interference based on the historical jump data model, and automatically start the signal compensation mechanism before the jump threshold reaches the critical point. Through the compensation mechanism, the transmission status of the optical signal is adjusted in time to prevent the jump effect from further deteriorating and affecting the transmission quality. This linkage mechanism ensures that the mode switching of the optical signal is effectively balanced between real-time monitoring and response control.

[0066] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the electric field strength variation characteristics of the electric signal during transmission are monitored in real time. Based on the optical signal state at the time of mode jump and the electric field data at that moment, the possibility of electric field-induced optical signal mode jump is analyzed, specifically including:

[0067] The electric field data is monitored in real time within the set monitoring time window, and high-frequency data sampling is continuously performed on the electric field changes. The change data of the electric field strength and the electrical signal frequency data are recorded in the form of time series digital signals. The high-frequency data sampling frequency should satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem, that is, the sampling frequency is at least twice the highest frequency of the signal, so as to accurately capture the changes in the signal without losing information. Generally, 100kHz to 1MHz is selected.

[0068] The electric field intensity collected at each time subscript of the time series digital signal is compared with the data of the previous time subscript to determine the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time series electric field.

[0069] The change of instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the electric field time series and the frequency of the electric signal are analyzed by wavelet transform to determine the change characteristics of the electric field signal at all times in the monitoring window. Wavelet transform is a tool for analyzing non-stationary signals, which can provide the time-frequency distribution of signals at different scales. Unlike Fourier transform, wavelet transform is suitable for processing sudden changes or short-term signal fluctuations, so it is very effective for detecting short-term drastic changes in electric field strength. This method is particularly suitable for detecting high-frequency, short-term electric field changes that may induce mode hopping. The continuous wavelet transform formula is:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, W(s,g) represents the time-frequency distribution of the electric field signal, s and g are the scale and translation parameters, and χ is the mother wavelet function. By adjusting the scale parameter, the electric field characteristics on different time scales can be analyzed.

[0072] Obtain and store the state record of the optical signal when the mode jump occurs, and perform time series matching and overlapping of the change characteristics of the optical signal state and the electric field signal;

[0073] Marking the moment when the optical signal mode changes, and establishing a change data model based on the change characteristics of the electric field signal and the optical signal state at the marked moment;

[0074] The real-time change characteristics of the electric field signal are compared with the change characteristics at the marked time in the jump model to calculate the jump threshold. This scheme uses the cosine similarity of the calculated change characteristics as the jump threshold to predict future optical signal jumps and automatically start the signal compensation mechanism when the jump threshold reaches the set critical point.

[0075] Reference Figure 4 As shown, based on the prediction results of the transition data model, the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm is automatically called to respond in the early stage of the signal mode transition to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal. Specifically, it includes:

[0076] When it is detected that the jump threshold reaches the set critical point, the optical signal compensation mechanism is started to automatically and dynamically compensate the phase, power and incident angle of the optical signal. Specifically:

[0077] Phase shift refers to adjusting the phase of the optical signal so that the signal can be kept in a stable mode as much as possible during propagation. The switching of optical signals between different modes will cause phase changes, so by adjusting the phase, the impact of mode hopping on the optical signal propagation path can be effectively reduced.

[0078] The optical signal phase modulation algorithm is introduced to generate real-time static phase offset based on the optical signal jump characteristics. The phase offset of the optical signal is dynamically adjusted through the phase modulation algorithm. The phase modulation calculation formula is:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, ΔΦ dyn is the phase offset after dynamic adjustment, ΔΦ static is the real-time static phase shift, Δn is the refractive index difference, which indicates the relative refractive index of the optical signal in different modes, d is the optical path difference, which indicates the path length of signal propagation, and λ is the wavelength of the optical signal;

[0081] After the phase adjustment is completed, the interference intensity between the optical signal modes is analyzed. The interference intensity calculation formula of the two interference modes is:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, I ab is the intermodal interference intensity, I a ,I b are the light intensities of the two interference modes respectively;

[0084] The multi-mode conversion effect caused by mode hopping can be suppressed by controlling the power of the optical signal. Dynamic adjustment of power can keep the relative stability and transmission efficiency of the optical signal when switching between different modes.

[0085] According to the frequency of the transition and the intensity of inter-mode interference, the transmission power of the optical signal is dynamically adjusted through multi-level power control to increase the smoothness of the mode transition. The multi-level power control formula is:

[0086]

[0087] Where P adj , P init are the adjusted power and initial optical power, k i is the i-th level power adjustment coefficient, which is set based on the comprehensive weighted calculation result of the inter-mode interference intensity and the hopping frequency, f jump is the hopping frequency, M is the number of multi-level power levels, and the power of the optical signal is adjusted according to the change of the hopping frequency, so that in the case of multi-mode interference, the power of the signal can be appropriately reduced to reduce the impact of mode hopping. The dynamic adjustment of this step ensures the transmission quality of the optical signal during mode hopping.

[0088] In multimode optical fiber, the incident angle directly affects the number of modes excited by the optical signal in the optical fiber. When the incident angle is too large, the propagation path of the optical signal is closer to the core wall, which is easy to excite high-order modes, thereby increasing the probability of multimode conversion. By reducing the incident angle, the propagation path of the optical signal will be more concentrated in the central area of ​​the optical fiber, thereby reducing the number of modes and interference between modes.

[0089] After the power dynamic control is completed, the incident angle adjustment amount is calculated comprehensively according to the jump frequency and the inter-mode interference intensity. The calculation method of the incident angle adjustment amount is:

[0090]

[0091] Where β and δ are adjustment coefficients used to control the influence of frequency and interference intensity on the incident angle, f jump 、f set The current detected mode hopping frequency and the set hopping frequency reference value, I, I setThe modal interference intensity currently detected and the maximum threshold of the modal interference intensity are set.

[0092] Dynamically adjust the incident angle to suppress mode conversion and inter-modal interference, and at the same time control the adjusted incident angle to satisfy Snell's law and be less than the critical angle calculation result. The critical angle calculation method is:

[0093]

[0094] When the incident angle exceeds the critical angle θ cir , the refraction angle no longer exists and the light is completely reflected back into the first medium.

[0095] By adjusting the incident angle, it is possible to ensure that the optical signal reaches the best propagation path when entering the optical fiber and avoid unnecessary mode hopping. This optimization process can effectively reduce the incidence of multi-mode conversion effects and improve signal transmission stability.

[0096] Reference Figure 5 As shown, when the compensation adjustment fails, the automatic transmission mode switching to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal specifically includes:

[0097] Setting the optical signal transmission bit error rate and interference intensity thresholds, when it is monitored that the optical signal transmission bit error rate and interference intensity continue to exceed the set thresholds within the set monitoring time window, it is determined that the signal compensation is invalid;

[0098] When signal compensation fails, adaptive modal analysis evaluates the stability and anti-interference ability of different modes in the current fiber channel environment and selects a transmission mode that can minimize modal interference and mode hopping. By evaluating the stability of different modes in the current fiber channel environment, based on the environmental noise, interference intensity and signal attenuation characteristics of the channel, the transmission quality scores of different modes in the current environment are comprehensively calculated. The transmission quality score calculation expression is:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, Q m is the transmission quality score of the mth mode, SNR m is the signal-to-noise ratio of the mth mode, σ 2 is the standard deviation of the modal jump frequency of the time series, I m is the interference intensity of the mth mode, I max is the maximum interference intensity, α is the interference weight factor, which is used to adjust the impact of interference on the score;

[0101] Based on the modal transmission quality scoring results, the transmission mode with the highest transmission quality score is selected as the target mode for mode switching.

[0102] After the mode switch, the signal quality monitoring phase begins to ensure that the transmission quality of the new mode meets the requirements. Monitoring parameters include bit error rate, signal interference strength, and power attenuation. By monitoring these parameters in real time, the transmission effect after the mode switch can be evaluated, and further adjustments can be triggered when necessary to ensure the transmission quality and stability of the signal.

[0103] Furthermore, the present solution also proposes a storage medium for an optoelectronic signal transmission method for an optoelectronic hybrid cable, on which a computer-readable program is stored, and when the computer-readable program is called, the above-mentioned optoelectronic signal transmission method for an optoelectronic hybrid cable is executed.

[0104] It is understandable that the storage medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a DVD; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (SSD).

[0105] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting photoelectric signals using a photoelectric hybrid cable, characterized in that: include: Continuously monitor the modal distribution of optical signals in the optical fiber, and identify and record the transition of optical signals from single mode to multimode through modal analysis algorithms; Monitor the changing characteristics of the electric field strength during the transmission of the electric signal in real time, and analyze the possibility of the electric field inducing the mode jump of the optical signal based on the state of the optical signal at the time of mode jump and the electric field data at that moment; Based on the prediction results of the transition data model, the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm is automatically called to respond in the early stage of the signal mode transition to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal; When the compensation adjustment fails, the transmission mode is automatically switched to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal.

2. The method for transmitting photoelectric signals in a photoelectric hybrid cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The continuously monitoring the modal distribution of the optical signal in the optical fiber and identifying and recording the transition phenomenon of the optical signal from single mode to multimode by a modal analysis algorithm specifically includes: Through highly sensitive photoelectric detectors and spectrum analysis equipment, optical signals transmitted through optical fibers are received in real time, and continuous sampling is performed within the set monitoring time window; Based on the Fresnel reflection principle, the intensity and modal distribution of the transmitted optical signal are captured by setting a reflection node in the core of the optical fiber; Based on the modal distribution of optical signals transmitted by optical fibers in optoelectronic hybrid cables, combined with modal analysis algorithms, real-time modal analysis of optical signals is performed to continuously track the propagation mode of optical signals and identify the timing of mode jumps of optical signals. The Laplace transform analysis algorithm is used to perform dual analysis on the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the optical signal to filter out the high-frequency interference caused by the electric field on the optical signal. During the optical signal transmission process, signals of different modes are automatically separated. When a mode jump occurs, the interference sources between the modes are identified and distinguished, and the signal state when the mode jump occurs is automatically stored.

3. The method for transmitting photoelectric signals in a photoelectric hybrid cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring of the electric field intensity variation characteristics during the electric signal transmission and the analysis of the possibility of the electric field inducing the optical signal mode jump based on the optical signal state during the mode jump and the electric field data at that moment specifically include: Real-time monitoring of electric field data within a set monitoring time window, continuous high-frequency data sampling of electric field changes, and recording the electric field intensity change data and electrical signal frequency data in the form of time series digital signals; The electric field intensity collected at each time subscript of the time series digital signal is compared with the data of the previous time subscript to determine the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the time series electric field; Perform wavelet transform analysis on the changes in the instantaneous fluctuation amplitude of the electric field time series and the frequency of the electric signal to determine the changing characteristics of the electric field signal at all times within the monitoring window; Obtain and store the state record of the optical signal when the mode jump occurs, and perform time series matching and overlapping of the change characteristics of the optical signal state and the electric field signal; Marking the moment when the optical signal mode changes, and establishing a change data model based on the change characteristics of the electric field signal and the optical signal state at the marked moment; The real-time change characteristics of the electric field signal are compared with the change characteristics at the marked time in the jump model to calculate the jump threshold, which is used to predict future optical signal jumps and automatically start the signal compensation mechanism when the jump threshold reaches the set critical point.

4. The method for transmitting photoelectric signals in a photoelectric hybrid cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of automatically calling the built-in optical signal compensation algorithm to respond in the early stage of the signal mode jump based on the prediction result of the jump data model to maintain the single-mode or specific multi-mode transmission state of the optical signal specifically includes: When it is detected that the jump threshold reaches the set critical point, the optical signal compensation mechanism is started to automatically and dynamically compensate the phase, power and incident angle of the optical signal. Specifically: The optical signal phase modulation algorithm is introduced to generate real-time static phase offset based on the optical signal jump characteristics. The phase offset of the optical signal is dynamically adjusted through the phase modulation algorithm. The phase modulation calculation formula is: In the formula, ΔΦ dyn is the phase offset after dynamic adjustment, ΔΦ static is the real-time static phase shift, Δn is the refractive index difference, which indicates the relative refractive index of the optical signal in different modes, d is the optical path difference, which indicates the path length of signal propagation, and λ is the wavelength of the optical signal; After the phase adjustment is completed, the interference intensity between the optical signal modes is analyzed. The interference intensity calculation formula of the two interference modes is: In the formula, I ab is the intermodal interference intensity, I a ,I b are the light intensities of the two interference modes respectively; According to the frequency of the transition and the intensity of inter-mode interference, the transmission power of the optical signal is dynamically adjusted through multi-level power control to increase the smoothness of the mode transition. The multi-level power control formula is: Where P adj , P init are the adjusted power and initial optical power, k i is the power regulation coefficient of the i-th level, f jump is the hopping frequency, M is the number of multi-level power levels; After the power dynamic control is completed, the incident angle adjustment amount is comprehensively calculated according to the jump frequency and the inter-mode interference intensity. The incident angle is dynamically adjusted to suppress mode conversion and inter-modal interference. At the same time, the adjusted incident angle is controlled to satisfy Snell's law and be less than the critical angle calculation result.

5. The method for transmitting photoelectric signals in a photoelectric hybrid cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the compensation adjustment fails, automatically switching the transmission mode to adjust the propagation mode of the optical signal specifically includes: Setting the optical signal transmission bit error rate and interference intensity thresholds, when it is monitored that the optical signal transmission bit error rate and interference intensity continue to exceed the set thresholds within the set monitoring time window, it is determined that the signal compensation is invalid; When signal compensation fails, the stability of different modes in the current optical fiber channel environment is evaluated, and the transmission quality scores of different modes in the current environment are comprehensively calculated based on the environmental noise, interference intensity and signal attenuation characteristics of the channel. The transmission quality score calculation expression is: In the formula, Q m is the transmission quality score of the mth mode, SNR m is the signal-to-noise ratio of the mth mode, σ 2 is the standard deviation of the modal jump frequency of the time series, I m is the interference intensity of the mth mode, I max is the maximum interference intensity, α is the interference weight factor, which is used to adjust the impact of interference on the score; Based on the modal transmission quality scoring results, the transmission mode with the highest transmission quality score is selected as the target mode for mode switching.

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