An impact-resistant self-adaptive buffer pin shaft

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment buffering, in particular to an impact-resistant adaptive buffering pin shaft, which comprises a shaft body, a piston push-and-resist buffering mechanism, a two-way liquid passage mechanism and an injection pipe self-locking mechanism; a piston cavity and a communication cavity which are communicated with each other are arranged inside the shaft body, and the piston push-and-resist buffering mechanism is installed in the piston cavity along the radial direction of the shaft body; the piston push-and-resist buffering mechanism comprises a piston cover, a piston rod and a fastening nut which are connected in sequence, a return spring and a piston are sleeved outside the piston rod, two ends of the return spring abut between the piston cover and the piston, and the piston slides axially relative to the piston rod; the two-way liquid passage mechanism is arranged at the end of the shaft body for controlling the input and discharge of oil liquid, and the injection pipe self-locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the two-way liquid passage mechanism away from the shaft body for locking or loosening the injection pipe. The present invention realizes multiple buffering functions through the piston push-and-resist buffering mechanism, realizes the switching of the inflow and discharge of oil liquid through the two-way liquid passage mechanism, and realizes the locking of the injection pipe through the injection pipe self-locking mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment buffering, and in particular to an impact-resistant adaptive buffering pin shaft. Background Art

[0002] The buffering of mechanical equipment is the key to ensuring the normal operation of the equipment. The current buffering methods of mechanical equipment can be mainly divided into: mechanical buffering, hydraulic buffering, rubber buffering, gas buffering, etc. Hydraulic buffering realizes buffering through the damping action of liquid, and utilizes the viscosity and flow performance of oil to realize the absorption and release of energy, so as to slow down or eliminate collision or vibration. Hydraulic buffering has strong adaptability and can adjust the buffering force according to needs, and is suitable for equipment with higher speed and larger mass.

[0003] The hinge point is an important part of the movable mechanical structure of various equipment. The hinge point is the main constraint method for connecting each rotating component. The hinge point is usually composed of a pin shaft and the shaft holes connecting the two components. Due to manufacturing errors and the need for pin shaft assembly, there is inevitably a gap between the pin shaft and the shaft hole. The existence of the gap between the pin shaft and the shaft hole causes impact loads to be generated at the hinge point during the movement process, deteriorating the stress state of the mechanical structure. In severe cases, it may affect the normal operation of the machine. For mechanical structures that often bear impact external loads, the load transfer between the pin shaft and the shaft hole at the hinge point will further increase the influence of the impact external load and reduce the service life of the mechanical structure.

[0004] The buffering of mechanical structures is an important current research direction. However, current research on the buffering of movable mechanical mechanisms rarely considers the hinge point aspect. Alleviating the contact situation between the pin shaft and the shaft hole can improve the stress situation of the connecting components. Keeping the pin shaft and the shaft hole in close contact during the movement process of the mechanism can eliminate the movement error of the mechanism caused by the hinge point gap as much as possible. The radius of the existing pin shaft cannot be changed after being assembled with the shaft hole, and it is impossible to achieve close contact between the pin shaft and the shaft hole on the entire circumference. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provides an impact-resistant adaptive buffering pin shaft, and the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0006] An impact-resistant self-adaptive buffer pin shaft, comprising a shaft body, a piston push-and-resist buffer mechanism, a two-way liquid passage mechanism and an oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism; a piston cavity and a communication cavity which are communicated with each other are arranged inside the shaft body, and the piston push-and-resist buffer mechanism is installed in the piston cavity along the radial direction of the shaft body; the piston push-and-resist buffer mechanism comprises a piston cover, a piston rod and a fastening nut which are connected in sequence, a return spring and a piston are sleeved outside the piston rod, two ends of the return spring abut between the piston cover and the piston, the piston slides axially relative to the piston rod, the outer peripheral surface of the piston is tightly abutted against the inner wall of the piston cavity, an end block is fixedly installed at one end of the piston cavity close to the communication cavity, a through damping hole is arranged in the end block, and the aperture of the damping hole communicating with one side of the piston cavity is smaller than the aperture communicating with one side of the communication cavity; the two-way liquid passage mechanism is arranged at the end of the shaft body to control the input and discharge of oil, and the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the two-way liquid passage mechanism far away from the shaft body to lock or loosen the oil injection pipe.

[0007] On the basis of the above scheme, the two-way liquid passage mechanism comprises a rotating disk, a one-way valve body and a one-way valve block which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction; the rotating disk is coaxially arranged with the shaft body and rotates relative to the shaft body, and a second liquid discharge channel for discharging oil is arranged on the rotating disk along the axial direction, and a one-way valve body is installed in the central hole of the rotating disk; the one-way valve body is coaxially and fixedly connected with the shaft body, a valve block cavity and an oil pipe cavity for installing the one-way valve block and the oil injection pipe respectively are arranged in the one-way valve body, the valve block cavity and the oil pipe cavity are communicated, a first liquid discharge channel and a third liquid discharge channel for discharging oil are arranged on the one-way valve body, and the communication cavity is communicated with the oil pipe cavity through the first liquid discharge channel, the second liquid discharge channel and the third liquid discharge channel; the one-way valve block is arranged in the valve block cavity and slides axially relative to the one-way valve body, one end of the one-way valve block can be hermetically abutted against the end of the oil pipe cavity, a one-way valve retaining ring is arranged on the side of the one-way valve block far away from the oil pipe cavity, the one-way valve retaining ring is fixedly installed on the one-way valve body, a one-way valve spring is abutted between the one-way valve block and the one-way valve retaining ring, a liquid inlet hole is arranged on the side wall of the one-way valve block, and a liquid inlet cavity is arranged in the one-way valve block. When the end of the one-way valve block does not abut against the end of the oil pipe cavity, the oil pipe cavity is communicated with the communication cavity through the liquid inlet hole and the liquid inlet cavity.

[0008] On the basis of the above scheme, a rotating disk limiting block is fixedly connected to the side of the end of the shaft body facing the rotating disk, and an extreme stop block is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating disk facing the shaft body. The extreme stop block comprises an oil inlet stop block and an oil discharge stop block. The oil inlet stop block and the oil discharge stop block are arranged on opposite sides of the rotating disk limiting block, and the distance between the oil inlet stop block and the oil discharge stop block is greater than the length of the rotating disk limiting block; when the rotating disk rotates to abut against the oil inlet stop block and the rotating disk limiting block, it is in the oil inlet position, at this time the second liquid discharge channel is not communicated with the first liquid discharge channel and the third liquid discharge channel, and when the rotating disk rotates to abut against the oil discharge stop block and the rotating disk limiting block, it is in the oil discharge position, at this time the second liquid discharge channel is respectively communicated with the first liquid discharge channel and the third liquid discharge channel.

[0009] Preferably, the injection pipe self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking fixing ring, a propulsion spring, a propulsion control ring, and a locking hook mechanism. The locking hook mechanism includes an anti-disengagement hook. The self-locking fixing ring is coaxially and relatively fixedly arranged with the shaft body. A locking hook groove is provided on the self-locking fixing ring. The anti-disengagement hook is hinged radially at the locking hook groove. The end of the anti-disengagement hook is arranged in the middle of the self-locking fixing ring, and the default state of the anti-disengagement hook is that the end opens outward. The propulsion control ring is coaxially arranged on the side of the self-locking fixing ring away from the shaft body. The propulsion spring is connected between the self-locking fixing ring and the propulsion control ring, and makes the self-locking fixing ring and the propulsion control ring continuously approach each other relatively. A contact block is fixedly connected to the side of the propulsion control ring away from the self-locking fixing ring. The contact block is arranged at the locking hook groove. A locking position cushion block and an opening position cushion block are fixedly connected to the side of the locking hook groove close to the shaft body. The locking position cushion block and the opening position cushion block face the contact block, and the height of the locking position cushion block is higher than that of the opening position cushion block.

[0010] When the propulsion control ring rotates to the inner side of the contact block abuts against the locking position cushion block, it is in the locking position. At this time, the outer side of the contact block abuts against the inner side of the anti-disengagement hook and drives the anti-disengagement hook to rotate to the closed position, so that the end of the anti-disengagement hook abuts against the outer side of the injection pipe. When the propulsion control ring rotates to the inner side of the contact block abuts against the opening position cushion block, it is in the opening position. At this time, the outer side of the contact block disengages from the inner side of the anti-disengagement hook, and the anti-disengagement hook returns to the default state and disengages from the injection pipe.

[0011] On the basis of the above solution, the locking hook mechanism further includes a torsion spring and a pin shaft. The pin shaft is rotatably connected to the self-locking fixing ring. Both ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the pin shaft and the self-locking fixing ring. The anti-disengagement hook is fixedly connected to the pin shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the number of the anti-disengagement hooks is multiple, and they are evenly distributed circumferentially around the self-locking fixing ring.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes an end baffle of the shaft. The end baffle of the shaft is detachably connected to the end of the shaft body away from the two-way liquid passing mechanism. The outer diameter of the end baffle of the shaft is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft body. The end of the shaft body close to the two-way liquid passing mechanism extends radially outward to form a limiting plate. The outer diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft body.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the piston push-and-resist buffer mechanisms is multiple groups. The multiple groups of piston push-and-resist buffer mechanisms are evenly distributed circumferentially around the shaft body. Each group includes multiple piston push-and-resist buffer mechanisms and is distributed axially along the shaft body.

[0015] Preferably, the piston rod is a stepped shaft, and the diameter of the piston rod close to the piston is smaller than the diameter close to the piston cover. A buffer sleeve is sleeved outside the piston rod. The buffer sleeve abuts between the piston and the stepped surface of the piston rod. The buffer sleeve is made of an elastic material.

[0016] Preferably, the outer surface of the piston cover is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. By injecting oil into the communication cavity and piston cavity of the shaft body to push the piston push-and-resist buffer mechanism, the piston top is closely attached to the shaft hole. Each piston cavity in the shaft body is connected to each other through the communication cavity, enabling adaptive adjustment of each piston; a damping hole is installed between the piston cavity and the communication cavity to further increase the damping of the oil during the buffering process and improve the buffering effect; by setting a return spring, a buffer sleeve and a damping hole, multiple buffering effects are achieved.

[0019] 2. The real-time switching of the inflow and outflow actions of the oil is realized through the two-way liquid passage mechanism, with a simple and reliable structure and convenient operation.

[0020] 3. The locking of the oil injection pipe is realized through the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism, preventing the accidental detachment of the oil injection pipe during the oil injection process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 : Schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 : Cross-sectional structural view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 : Schematic structural diagram of the shaft body of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 : Exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 : Radial cross-sectional view of the two-way liquid passage mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 : Exploded view of the structure of the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 : Cross-sectional view of the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the angular positions of the oil discharge position and the oil inlet position of the two-way liquid passage mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 : Schematic structural diagram of the two-way liquid passage mechanism in the oil inlet position state of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 : Schematic structural diagram of the two-way liquid passage mechanism in the oil discharge position state of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 : Schematic diagram of the angular positions of the locked position and the opened position of the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 : Schematic structural diagram of the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism in the locked position state of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 : Schematic structural diagram of the self-locking mechanism of the injection pipe of the present invention in the open position state. Specific embodiments

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0038] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, an impact-resistant self-adaptive buffer pin includes a shaft body 2, a piston push-and-resist buffer mechanism, a two-way liquid passage mechanism, and a self-locking mechanism for the injection pipe.

[0039] AsFigure 3 As shown, a piston chamber 21 and a communication chamber 22 that communicate with each other are provided inside the shaft body 2. One end of the communication chamber 22 connected to the injection oil pipe 7 is the communication chamber inlet 23, and the other end of the communication chamber 22 is closed.

[0040] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the piston push-resistance buffer mechanism is radially installed in the piston chamber 21 along the shaft body 2; the piston push-resistance buffer mechanism includes a piston cover 311, a piston rod 331, and a fastening nut 372 that are connected in sequence. The piston cover 311 and the fastening nut 372 are respectively threadedly connected to both ends of the piston rod 331; after the piston cover 311 and the piston rod 331 are assembled in place, a set screw 312 is radially penetrated along the inner edge of the piston cover 311, and the end of the set screw 312 is inserted into the piston rod 311; a snap ring 371 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod 331, and the snap ring 371 is clamped in the fastening nut 372. The set screw 312 and the snap ring 371 are respectively used to tightly connect the piston cover 311 and the fastening nut 372. After the piston cover 311 is installed in place, the outer surface of the piston cover 311 is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2, and the outer surface of the piston cover 311 is arc-shaped, so as to be continuous and consistent with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2. A return spring 34 and a piston 36 are sleeved on the piston rod 331. Both ends of the return spring 34 abut between the piston cover 311 and the piston 36. Specifically, a guide sleeve 32 is sleeved on the piston rod 331. The guide sleeve 32 is fixedly installed on the shaft body 2, and both ends of the return spring 34 abut between the guide sleeve 32 and the piston 36, so as to push the piston 36 towards the communication chamber 22. The piston 36 slides axially relative to the piston rod 331, and the outer peripheral surface of the piston 36 is closely abutted against the inner wall of the piston chamber 21. A end block 381 is fixedly installed at one end of the piston chamber 21 close to the communication chamber 22. A through damping hole 382 is provided in the end block 381. The aperture of the damping hole 382 communicating with one side of the piston chamber 21 is smaller than the aperture of the side communicating with the communication chamber 22, so that the oil in the communication chamber 22 generates greater damping when entering the piston chamber 21, reducing the movement of the shaft hole caused by the impact, and reducing the impact energy transmitted to the next component through the hinge point, so as to achieve the effect of mechanical structure buffering.

[0041] The piston rod 331 is a stepped shaft, and the diameter of the piston rod 331 close to the piston 36 is smaller than the diameter close to the piston cover 311. A buffer sleeve 35 is sleeved outside the piston rod 331. The buffer sleeve 35 abuts between the piston 36 and the stepped surface of the piston rod 331. The buffer sleeve 35 is made of an elastic material, so as to play a buffering role when the piston 26 moves towards the piston cover 311.

[0042] The number of the piston push-and-resist buffering mechanisms is multiple groups. The multiple groups of piston push-and-resist buffering mechanisms are circumferentially and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the shaft body 2. Each group includes multiple piston push-and-resist buffering mechanisms and is axially distributed along the shaft body 2, so as to achieve the purpose of multi-directional buffering and improve the buffering effect.

[0043] A piston seal ring 361 and a wear-resistant ring 362 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 36. A piston rod seal ring 332 is arranged on the inner wall of the piston 36. An end block seal ring is arranged between the end block 381 and the shaft body 2 to improve the sealing performance.

[0044] As Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the two-way liquid passage mechanism is arranged at the end of the shaft body 2 to control the input and discharge of oil. The two-way liquid passage mechanism includes a rotating disk 51, a one-way valve body 52 and a one-way valve block 53 which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction. The rotating disk 51 is coaxially arranged with the shaft body 2 and rotates relative to the shaft body 2. A second liquid discharge passage 513 for discharging oil is arranged on the rotating disk 51 along the axial direction. A one-way valve body 52 is installed in the central hole of the rotating disk 51. The one-way valve body 52 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the shaft body 2. Optionally, the one-way valve body 52 is threadedly connected with the shaft body 2. A valve block cavity and a oil pipe cavity for installing the one-way valve block 53 and the oil injection pipe 7 respectively are arranged in the one-way valve body 52. The valve block cavity and the oil pipe cavity are communicated. A first liquid discharge passage 521 and a third liquid discharge passage 522 for discharging oil are arranged on the one-way valve body 52. The communication cavity 22 is communicated with the oil pipe cavity through the first liquid discharge passage 521, the second liquid discharge passage 513 and the third liquid discharge passage 522. The one-way valve block 53 is arranged in the valve block cavity and slides axially relative to the one-way valve body 52. One end of the one-way valve block 53 can be hermetically abutted against the end of the oil pipe cavity. A one-way valve retaining ring 55 is arranged on the side of the one-way valve block 53 away from the oil pipe cavity. The one-way valve retaining ring 55 is fixedly installed on the one-way valve body 52. A one-way valve spring 54 is abutted between the one-way valve block 53 and the one-way valve retaining ring 55. A liquid inlet hole 531 is arranged on the side wall of the one-way valve block 53. A liquid inlet cavity 532 is arranged in the one-way valve block 53. When the end of the one-way valve block 53 does not abut against the end of the oil pipe cavity, the oil pipe cavity is communicated with the communication cavity 22 through the liquid inlet hole 531 and the liquid inlet cavity 532.

[0045] As Figure 5 As shown, a rotating disk limiting block 4 is fixedly connected to the side of the end of the shaft body 2 facing the rotating disk 51. An extreme stop block 511 is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating disk 51 facing the shaft body 2. The extreme stop block 511 includes an oil inlet stop block and an oil discharge stop block. The oil inlet stop block and the oil discharge stop block are arranged on opposite sides of the rotating disk limiting block 4, and the distance between the oil inlet stop block and the oil discharge stop block is greater than the length of the rotating disk limiting block 4.

[0046] As Figures 8 to 10As shown, when the rotating disk 51 rotates to a position where the oil inlet stopper abuts against the rotating disk limiting block 4, it is in the oil inlet position. At this time, the second liquid discharge channel 513 is not in communication with the first liquid discharge channel 521 and the third liquid discharge channel 522. Insert the injection oil pipe 7 into the oil pipe cavity and inject oil inward. When the oil pressure is greater than the elastic force of the one-way valve spring 54, the one-way valve block 53 is pushed towards the one-way valve retaining ring 55, and the oil enters the communication cavity 22 from the injection oil pipe 7, the liquid inlet hole 531, and the liquid inlet cavity 532. When the rotating disk 51 rotates to a position where the oil discharge stopper abuts against the rotating disk limiting block 4, it is in the oil discharge position. At this time, the second liquid discharge channel 513 is in communication with the first liquid discharge channel 521 and the third liquid discharge channel 522 respectively. At this time, remove the injection oil pipe 7, and the oil is discharged from the communication cavity 22 through the first liquid discharge channel 521, the second liquid discharge channel 513, the third liquid discharge channel 522, and the oil pipe cavity.

[0047] To improve the sealing effect of the structure, a rotating disk sealing ring 514 is provided between the rotating disk 51 and the shaft body 2, a valve body sealing ring 523 is provided between the one-way valve body 52 and the shaft body 2, and an injection oil pipe sealing ring 524 is provided between the one-way valve body 52 and the injection oil pipe 7.

[0048] The injection oil pipe self-locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the two-way liquid passage mechanism away from the shaft body 2 to lock or release the injection oil pipe 7. As Figure 2 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the injection oil pipe self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking fixing ring 61, a propulsion spring 62, a propulsion control ring 63 and a locking hook mechanism. The locking hook mechanism includes an anti-disengagement hook 643. The self-locking fixing ring 61 is coaxially and relatively fixedly arranged with the shaft body 2. Preferably, the self-locking fixing ring 61 can be threadedly connected to the one-way valve body 52. A locking hook groove is provided on the self-locking fixing ring 61. The anti-disengagement hook 643 is radially hinged at the locking hook groove. The end of the anti-disengagement hook 643 is arranged in the middle of the self-locking fixing ring 61, and the default state of the anti-disengagement hook 643 is that the end opens outward. The locking hook mechanism further includes a torsion spring 641 and a pin shaft 642. The pin shaft 642 is rotatably connected to the self-locking fixing ring 61. The two ends of the torsion spring 641 are respectively connected to the pin shaft 642 and the self-locking fixing ring 61. The anti-disengagement hook 643 is fixedly connected to the pin shaft 642. The number of the anti-disengagement hooks 643 is multiple and they are circumferentially evenly distributed about the self-locking fixing ring 61. The propulsion control ring 63 is coaxially arranged on the side of the self-locking fixing ring 61 away from the shaft body 2. The propulsion spring 62 is connected between the self-locking fixing ring 61 and the propulsion control ring 63 and makes the self-locking fixing ring 61 and the propulsion control ring 63 continuously approach each other relatively. A contact block 631 is fixedly connected to the side of the propulsion control ring 63 away from the self-locking fixing ring 61. The contact block 631 is arranged at the locking hook groove. A locking position cushion block 612 and an opening position cushion block 613 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the locking hook groove near the shaft body 2. The locking position cushion block 612 and the opening position cushion block 613 face the contact block 631, and the height of the locking position cushion block 612 is higher than the height of the opening position cushion block 613.

[0049] As Figures 11 to 13 shown, when the propulsion control ring 63 rotates until the inner side of the abutting block 631 abuts against the locking position cushion block 612, it is in the locking position. At this time, the outer side of the abutting block 631 abuts against the inner side of the anti-disengagement hook 643, and drives the anti-disengagement hook 643 to rotate to the closed position, so that the end of the anti-disengagement hook 643 abuts against the outside of the injection oil pipe 7, locking the injection oil pipe 7 to prevent it from falling off; when the propulsion control ring 63 rotates until the inner side of the abutting block 631 abuts against the opening position cushion block 613, it is in the opening position. At this time, the outer side of the abutting block 631 disengages from the inner side of the anti-disengagement hook 643, and the anti-disengagement hook 643 returns to the default state and disengages from the injection oil pipe 7. At this time, the injection oil pipe 7 can be removed from the oil pipe cavity.

[0050] It further includes a shaft end baffle 1, the shaft end baffle 1 is detachably connected to one end of the shaft body 2 away from the two-way liquid passing mechanism, and the outer diameter of the shaft end baffle 1 is greater than the outer diameter of the shaft body 2; a limiting plate 24 extends radially outward from the end of the shaft body 2 close to the two-way liquid passing mechanism, and the outer diameter of the limiting plate 24 is greater than the outer diameter of the shaft body 2.

[0051] During use, align the shaft holes of the two components to be connected, assemble the shaft body 2 without injected oil together with the two-way liquid passing mechanism and the injection oil pipe self-locking mechanism into the shaft hole, and then connect the shaft end baffle 1 to the shaft body 2 to limit the axial movement of the shaft body 2 through the shaft end baffle 1 and the limiting plate 24. Then rotate the rotating disk 51 to the oil inlet position, insert the injection oil pipe 7, and then rotate the propulsion control ring 63 to the locking position to lock the injection oil pipe 7 with the anti-disengagement hook 643. Then inject oil into the communication cavity 22 and each piston cavity 21 so that the piston cover 311 closely abuts against the inner wall of the shaft hole. Stop injecting oil until the oil in the communication cavity 22 reaches the predetermined pressure. Rotate the propulsion control ring 63 to the opening position, and the anti-disengagement hook 643 disengages from the injection oil pipe 7, and then remove the injection oil pipe 7.

[0052] When the mechanical equipment is subjected to impact loads, the impact force is transmitted to the connecting components. The shaft hole transmits the impact force to the piston cover 311, and then transmits it to the inside of the piston push-and-resist buffer mechanism. Since the oil cavity in the pin shaft is in a closed state, the oil pressure in the shaft body 2 increases. When the impact makes the shaft hole push the piston 36 to generate displacement, due to the existence of the damping hole 382 in the piston cavity 21, the impact displacement of the piston 36 will be affected by the oil and generate a large damping, so that the movement of the shaft hole caused by the impact is reduced, and the impact energy transmitted to the next component through the hinge point is reduced, thus achieving the effect of mechanical structure buffering.

[0053] When the pin shaft needs to be disassembled, rotate the rotating disk 51 to the oil drainage position, the oil in the shaft body 2 drains from the oil pipe cavity, the piston cover 311 returns to its original position, remove the shaft end baffle 1, and then disassemble the shaft body 2 from the shaft hole.

[0054] The present invention has been described by way of example above, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any modification or variation based on the present invention falls within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shaft body (2), a piston push-resistance buffer mechanism, a two-way fluid passage mechanism and an oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism; the shaft body (2) is provided with a piston chamber (21) and a connecting chamber (22) which are interconnected, and the piston push-resistance buffer mechanism is installed in the piston chamber (21) along the radial direction of the shaft body (2); the piston push-resistance buffer mechanism comprises a piston cover (311), a piston rod (331) and a fastening nut (372) which are connected in sequence, a return spring (34) and a piston (36) are arranged on the outer shell of the piston rod (331), two ends of the return spring (34) are abutted between the piston cover (311) and the piston (36), and the piston (36) is connected to the piston cover (311). When the piston rod (331) slides axially, the outer peripheral surface of the piston (36) is in close contact with the inner wall of the piston chamber (21); an end block (381) is fixedly mounted on one end of the piston chamber (21) close to the connecting chamber (22); a through damping hole (382) is arranged in the end block (381); the diameter of the damping hole (382) on the side connected to the piston chamber (21) is smaller than the diameter of the hole on the side connected to the connecting chamber (22); the two-way liquid passage mechanism is arranged at the end of the shaft body (2) to control the input and discharge of oil; the oil injection pipe self-locking mechanism is arranged on the side of the two-way liquid passage mechanism away from the shaft body (2) to lock or loosen the oil injection pipe (7); The two-way fluid passage mechanism comprises a rotating disk (51), a one-way valve body (52) and a one-way valve block (53) which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in a radial direction; the rotating disk (51) is arranged coaxially with the shaft body (2) and rotates relative to the shaft body (2); a second liquid discharge channel (513) for discharging oil is arranged axially on the rotating disk (51); the one-way valve body (52) is installed in the center hole of the rotating disk (51); the one-way valve body (52) is coaxially fixedly connected with the shaft body (2); a valve block cavity and an oil pipe cavity for installing the one-way valve block (53) and the oil filling pipe (7) are arranged in the one-way valve body (52); the valve block cavity and the oil pipe cavity are communicated; a first liquid discharge channel (521) and a third liquid discharge channel (522) for discharging oil are arranged on the one-way valve body (52); the connecting cavity (22) is connected to the one-way valve block (53) through the first liquid discharge channel (521) ), the second liquid discharge channel (513) and the third liquid discharge channel (522) are connected to the oil pipe cavity; the one-way valve block (53) is arranged in the valve block cavity and slides relative to the one-way valve body (52) in the axial direction; one end of the one-way valve block (53) can be sealed against the end of the oil pipe cavity; a one-way valve retaining ring (55) is arranged on the side of the one-way valve block (53) away from the oil pipe cavity; the one-way valve retaining ring (55) is fixedly mounted on the one-way valve body (52); a one-way valve spring (54) is abutted between the one-way valve block (53) and the one-way valve retaining ring (55); a liquid inlet hole (531) is arranged on the side wall of the one-way valve block (53); and a liquid inlet cavity (532) is arranged in the one-way valve block (53); when the end of the one-way valve block (53) does not abut against the end of the oil pipe cavity, the oil pipe cavity is connected to the connecting cavity (22) through the liquid inlet hole (531) and the liquid inlet cavity (532); The oil filling pipe self-locking mechanism comprises a self-locking fixing ring (61), a propulsion spring (62), a propulsion control ring (63) and a locking hook mechanism, wherein the locking hook mechanism comprises an anti-disengagement hook (643), wherein the self-locking fixing ring (61) is coaxial with the shaft body (2) and relatively fixedly arranged, a locking hook groove is arranged on the self-locking fixing ring (61), the anti-disengagement hook (643) is hinged at the locking hook groove in the radial direction, the end of the anti-disengagement hook (643) is arranged in the middle of the self-locking fixing ring (61), and the anti-disengagement hook (643) is in a default state with the end open outwardly; the propulsion control ring (63) is coaxially arranged on a side of the self-locking fixing ring (61) away from the shaft body (2), and the propulsion spring (62) is arranged on a side of the self-locking fixing ring (61) away from the shaft body (2). ) is connected between the self-locking fixing ring (61) and the propulsion control ring (63), and the self-locking fixing ring (61) and the propulsion control ring (63) are kept relatively close to each other; the propulsion control ring (63) is fixedly connected to the abutment block (631) on the side away from the self-locking fixing ring (61), the abutment block (631) is arranged at the lock hook groove, and the outer side of the lock hook groove close to the shaft body (2) is fixedly connected to the locking position cushion block (612) and the opening position cushion block (613), the locking position cushion block (612) and the opening position cushion block (613) are facing one side of the abutment block (631), and the height of the locking position cushion block (612) is higher than the height of the opening position cushion block (613); When the propulsion control ring (63) rotates until the inner side of the abutment block (631) abuts against the locking position cushion block (612), it is in the locking position. At this time, the outer side of the abutment block (631) abuts against the inner side of the anti-detachment hook (643), and drives the anti-detachment hook (643) to rotate to the closed position, so that the end of the anti-detachment hook (643) abuts against the outer side of the oil filling pipe (7); when the propulsion control ring (63) rotates until the inner side of the abutment block (631) abuts against the opening position cushion block (613), it is in the opening position. At this time, the outer side of the abutment block (631) is separated from the inner side of the anti-detachment hook (643), and the anti-detachment hook (643) returns to the default state and is separated from the oil filling pipe (7).

2. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the shaft body (2) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk limit block (4) on one side facing the rotating disk (51), and the rotating disk (51) is fixedly connected to the limit block (511) on the side facing the shaft body (2), wherein the limit block (511) comprises an oil inlet block and an oil discharge block, wherein the oil inlet block and the oil discharge block are arranged on opposite sides of the rotating disk limit block (4), and the distance between the oil inlet block and the oil discharge block is greater than the length of the rotating disk limit block (4); when the rotating disk (51) rotates until the oil inlet block abuts against the rotating disk limit block (4), it is in the oil inlet position, at which time the second liquid discharge channel (513) is not connected to the first liquid discharge channel (521) and the third liquid discharge channel (522); when the rotating disk (51) rotates until the oil discharge block abuts against the rotating disk limit block (4), it is in the oil discharge position, at which time the second liquid discharge channel (513) is respectively connected to the first liquid discharge channel (521) and the third liquid discharge channel (522).

3. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking hook mechanism further comprises a torsion spring (641) and a pin (642); the pin (642) is rotatably connected to the self-locking fixing ring (61); two ends of the torsion spring (641) are respectively connected to the pin (642) and the self-locking fixing ring (61); and the anti-disengagement hook (643) is fixedly connected to the pin (642).

4. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-disengagement hooks (643) are multiple in number and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction about the self-locking fixing ring (61).

5. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a shaft end baffle (1), the shaft end baffle (1) being detachably connected to an end of the shaft body (2) away from the two-way fluid passage mechanism, the outer diameter of the shaft end baffle (1) being greater than the outer diameter of the shaft body (2); an end of the shaft body (2) close to the two-way fluid passage mechanism extending radially outwards to form a limit plate (24), the outer diameter of the limit plate (24) being greater than the outer diameter of the shaft body (2).

6. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the piston push resistance buffer mechanisms is a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of piston push resistance buffer mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft body (2), and each group includes a plurality of piston push resistance buffer mechanisms, which are distributed axially along the shaft body (2).

7. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston rod (331) is a stepped shaft, and the diameter of the piston rod (331) on the side close to the piston (36) is smaller than the diameter on the side close to the piston cover (311). The piston rod (331) is outer-mounted with a buffer sleeve (35), and the buffer sleeve (35) abuts between the piston (36) and the stepped surface of the piston rod (331). The buffer sleeve (35) is made of elastic material.

8. The impact-resistant adaptive buffer pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the piston cover (311) is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body (2).

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