Transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance and clearance adjusting method

Abstract

According to the transmission device capable of adjusting the bearing clearance in real time and the adjusting method of the transmission device, a clearance adjusting assembly of the device comprises an end cover and a thread adjusting sleeve, the clearance amount can be accurately adjusted by measuring the rotation angle and the thread pitch of the thread adjusting sleeve, compared with a traditional knocking method, the clearance can be stably adjusted, and the bearing clearance can be accurately adjusted. The elastic deformation of the bearing caused by the knocking of a heavy hammer is avoided, the clearance is ensured to be accurately adjusted to a zero point, the performance and the service life of the bearing are optimized, the occurrence of jamming or abnormal sound is prevented, the clearance is allowed to be adjusted in real time during the operation of equipment, and the disassembly or shutdown is not needed, so that the maintenance convenience and the operation efficiency of the equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bearings, and in particular to a transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance and a method for adjusting the bearing clearance thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical engineering, especially in reducers, generators, gearboxes and other equipment, bearings are an important component in contemporary mechanical equipment. Its main function is to support the mechanical rotating body, reduce its friction coefficient during movement, and ensure its rotation accuracy. It is divided into bearings with adjustable clearance and bearings with non-adjustable clearance. Adjustable clearance bearings refer to bearings that can obtain the required clearance by adjusting the relative axial position of the bearing raceway. Such bearings include tapered bearings, angular contact ball bearings and some thrust bearings. Unlike non-adjustable clearance bearings, the clearance of non-adjustable clearance bearings is determined after leaving the factory and cannot be adjusted. The main feature of adjustable clearance bearings is that the clearance can be adjusted as needed to meet specific application requirements. For example, by moving the relative position of the inner and outer rings, positive or negative clearance can be obtained, which in turn affects the working performance of the bearing. This feature makes adjustable clearance bearings particularly important in applications that require precise control of clearance, such as high-precision machine tools, high-speed rotating equipment, etc.

[0003] Taking tapered roller bearings as an example, the performance of tapered roller bearings directly affects the operating status and work efficiency of the equipment. In practical applications, the clearance of tapered roller bearings is a very important parameter, which directly affects the life of the bearings and the operating stability of the equipment. Therefore, how to accurately and quickly adjust the clearance of tapered roller bearings and how to monitor the operating status of bearings in real time have become an important topic in the field of mechanical engineering. In the existing technology, the tapping method is usually used to adjust the clearance of tapered roller bearings, that is, the bearings are tapped with tools such as heavy hammers, and the bearing clearance is judged by listening to the sound or feeling the feel. Whether it is appropriate, this causes the following major problems when the existing technology adjusts the clearance of the tapered roller bearing: first, the adjustment accuracy is low, which is easily affected by the subjective factors of the operator, and the 0 clearance position of the tapered roller bearing cannot be accurately found; second, the existing technology cannot monitor the operating status of the bearing in real time, and cannot detect abnormal conditions of the bearing in time, which may lead to equipment failure; finally, the existing technology may cause damage to the bearing in the process of adjusting the bearing clearance, affecting its service life. Therefore, the problems or shortcomings of the existing technology in this field limit its effect in practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a transmission device and a clearance adjustment method for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance, comprising a housing and a plurality of transmission shafts arranged in the housing, a plurality of adjustable clearance bearings being mounted on the transmission shafts, and a clearance adjustment assembly being provided at one end of at least one adjustable clearance bearing, the clearance adjustment assembly comprising an end cover fixedly arranged at one end of the housing corresponding to the adjustable clearance bearing and a threaded adjustment sleeve installed between the end cover and the adjustable clearance bearing, the threaded adjustment sleeve comprising an adjustment portion abutting against an inner ring or an outer ring of the adjustable clearance bearing, a driving portion partially passing through the end cover and used to drive the adjustment portion to rotate, and a threaded step connecting the adjustment portion and the driving portion, the threaded step being threadedly connected to the inner wall of the end cover, and the threaded adjustment sleeve being driven to rotate relative to the end cover by rotating the driving portion to control the relative distance between the adjustment portion and the adjustable clearance bearing.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the transmission device can be a reducer, a generator, a speed increaser and other equipment, and the transmission device has at least one transmission shaft, wherein an adjustable clearance bearing arranged on the transmission shaft has a clearance adjustment component, and the clearance adjustment component consists of an end cover and a threaded adjustment sleeve, the end cover is fixed on the housing, the threaded adjustment sleeve is installed between the end cover and the adjustable clearance bearing, the adjustment part is abutted against the inner ring or outer ring of the bearing, and is used to change the axial clearance of the bearing, the driving part passes through the end cover, and is used to rotate the adjustment part externally, the threaded step connects the adjustment part and the driving part, and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the end cover, and the threaded adjustment sleeve rotates relative to the end cover by rotating the driving part. This rotation is transmitted to the adjustment part through the threaded step, thereby changing the relative distance between the adjustment part and the bearing to achieve the adjustment of the clearance. The rotation angle and pitch of the threaded adjustment sleeve determine the adjustment amount of the clearance. By accurately controlling the rotation angle, the change of the clearance can be accurately controlled. For example, during adjustment, the torque input by the drive part is slightly larger than the additional radial force generated by the adjustable clearance bearing due to gravity of the transmission shaft plus the friction between the outer ring of the bearing and the housing. The threaded adjustment sleeve can be twisted and screwed in. When the bearing is adjusted to the zero clearance position, the reaction force and torque of the inner and outer rings of the bearing need to be increased several times or even more before it can be twisted again, and then it is determined that the clearance has been reached. 0 clearance position. Compared with the traditional knocking method, this solution can smoothly adjust the bearing clearance, will not cause elastic deformation of the bearing due to the hammer knocking, and can stably adjust to the true 0 clearance position to adapt to different working conditions and loads, thereby optimizing the performance and life of the bearing and avoiding jamming or abnormal noise. At the same time, the adjustment component allows the bearing clearance to be adjusted instantly during the operation of the equipment without disassembly or shutdown, which improves the convenience of maintenance and the operating efficiency of the equipment. By controlling the relative distance between the adjustment part and the bearing, it can avoid bearing overload or premature wear caused by improper clearance, and reduce clearance changes caused by vibration or impact.

[0007] The above-mentioned transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance can be further configured as follows: the end cover is provided with a through hole for the driving part to pass through, the inner wall of the through hole has an internal thread connected to the thread step, and an anti-loosening mechanism is provided between the end cover and the threaded adjustment sleeve, the anti-loosening mechanism includes a plurality of arc locking blocks and anti-loosening washers arranged on the surface of one end of the end cover corresponding to the driving part, the radius from the arc edge of the arc locking block to the center of the end cover gradually decreases along the locking direction of the thread step, one end of the anti-loosening washers is fixedly mounted on the end face of the adjustment part, and the other end is bent and clamped with the edge of the arc locking block.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the end cover is provided with a through hole for the driving part of the thread adjustment sleeve to pass through so as to adjust the clearance. The inner wall of the through hole is provided with an internal thread, which matches the thread step of the thread adjustment sleeve to realize the fixed connection between the thread adjustment sleeve and the end cover. When the thread adjustment sleeve is rotated by the driving part and adjusted to the required clearance, the anti-loosening gasket is compressed and stuck on the edge of the arc locking block. As the radius of the arc locking block gradually decreases, the anti-loosening gasket will generate a reaction force when released, so that the thread adjustment sleeve is tightly locked in place, and the arc edge of the arc locking block gradually decreases in the locking direction, so that the thread adjustment sleeve is reversed. When loosening, the anti-loosening gasket enters the large direction from the small direction of the arc surface, resulting in it being unable to rotate. The design of the anti-loosening mechanism enhances the stability of the thread adjustment sleeve after adjustment, prevents the clearance change caused by vibration or other external forces, and effectively prevents the thread adjustment sleeve from loosening during use, thereby avoiding unexpected changes in the bearing clearance. Through the ingenious coordination of the mechanical structure, the thread adjustment sleeve is stably fixed, ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the bearing clearance adjustment. At the same time, the design of this anti-loosening mechanism also takes into account the convenience of installation and maintenance, making the entire adjustment process more efficient and reliable.

[0009] The above-mentioned transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance can be further configured as follows: the number of the arc locking blocks is greater than 2, and they are equidistantly arranged around the edge of the through hole, and the anti-loosening gasket is threadedly connected to the driving part through a fastener.

[0010] With the above technical solution, the number of arc locking blocks is preferably 4, and they are equidistantly arranged around the edge of the through hole, so that no matter what angle the thread adjustment sleeve is rotated to, there are arc locking blocks with large arc angles that can be directly installed. The arc locking blocks are threadedly connected to the driving part of the thread adjustment sleeve through fasteners, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. When the thread adjustment sleeve is adjusted to the desired position, the arc locking blocks are tightened to interact with the anti-loosening gasket to generate locking force. Due to the arc edge design of the locking block, when an external force attempts to rotate the thread adjustment sleeve, the arc edge of the locking block will provide a reverse force to increase the resistance to rotation, thereby achieving a stable anti-loosening effect.

[0011] The above-mentioned transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance can be further configured as follows: the thread step and the internal thread both adopt fine pitch threads, and there is a movable gap between the outside of the adjustment part and the box body, wherein the pitch P of the fine pitch thread, the rotation angle of the thread adjustment sleeve is α, and the clearance calculation formula is: C=P×α / 360.

[0012] With the above technical solution, the threads of the thread adjustment sleeve and the end cover adopt fine pitch threads, which improves the anti-loosening performance of the threads and accurately adjusts the bearing clearance, allowing a smaller pitch P, so that a smaller clearance change C can be achieved at the same rotation angle α. There is a movable gap between the outside of the adjustment part and the box body, which allows the thread adjustment sleeve to move smoothly when rotating, reducing friction and wear, and pushing the outer ring of the bearing to move will not get stuck or increase resistance due to eccentricity, and the clearance adjustment can be easily calculated through the calculation formula. The measurement can let the user know how much clearance is released. For example, the pitch P = 0.5mm, the rotation angle α = 30°, the clearance change C = 0.5mm×30° / 360°≈0.041mm; the pitch P = 0.25mm, the rotation angle α = 60°, the clearance change C = 0.25mm×60° / 360°≈0.041mm, the pitch P = 0.75mm, the rotation angle α = 45°, the clearance change C = 0.75mm×45° / 360°≈0.093mm.

[0013] The above-mentioned transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance may be further configured as follows: an operating boss for driving an external tool is provided on the end surface of the driving portion.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution and arranging the operating boss, the user can easily and labor-savingly rotate the thread adjustment sleeve with an external tool (wrench, screwdriver, pipe clamp).

[0015] The above-mentioned transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance can be further configured as follows: the threaded adjustment sleeve is cast with ductile iron, the operating boss is in an external hexagonal shape, the adjustable clearance bearing is a tapered roller bearing, and the transmission shaft is a gear shaft.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the threaded adjustment sleeve is cast with ductile iron material, so that the threaded pair has high strength and good wear resistance when transmitting and rotating the bearing. The operating boss is cast into an external hexagonal shape, which is convenient for using a wrench to control the rotation and apply torque. The tapered roller bearing is an adjustable clearance bearing that can withstand high loads and impact loads and is suitable for occasions with high radial and axial loads. The gear shaft is used as a transmission shaft to effectively transmit torque and is used in conjunction with the tapered roller bearing to improve the overall efficiency and reliability of the transmission device.

[0017] The above-mentioned transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance can be further configured as follows: a sealing assembly is provided at one end of the adjustable clearance bearing, and the sealing assembly includes a sealing ring, one end of the sealing ring is against the adjustable clearance bearing, and the other end is against the adjustment part, and the outer edge of the sealing ring is provided with a sealing ring that is sealed against the inner wall of the box.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing assembly effectively prevents the leakage of lubricant inside the bearing, maintains the lubrication state inside the bearing, reduces maintenance costs and downtime, and the design of the sealing ring and sealing ring prevents external contaminants such as dust and moisture from invading the interior of the bearing, protects the bearing from contamination, and extends the life of the bearing. The coordinated use of the sealing ring and sealing ring ensures the sealing of the bearing during the clearance adjustment process, and can maintain effective sealing even when the bearing clearance changes.

[0019] The above-mentioned transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance can be further configured as follows: a monitoring mechanism is provided on the threaded adjustment sleeve, the monitoring mechanism includes a monitoring element arranged on the driving part, the monitoring element is a temperature sensor or a vibration sensor or a temperature and vibration integrated sensor, a penetrating monitoring hole is opened in the center of the driving part, the monitoring element is installed in the monitoring hole, and one end is abutted against the sealing ring to monitor the temperature and / or vibration of the adjustable clearance bearing.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the monitoring element is installed in the monitoring hole, and one end is against the sealing ring to ensure that the monitoring element is in close contact with the bearing, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring. The data collected by the monitoring element can be transmitted to the data processing unit through wires or other means for analysis and display. The monitoring mechanism can monitor the temperature and / or vibration of the adjustable clearance bearing in real time, and provide instant feedback for the operating status of the bearing. By monitoring the temperature and vibration of the bearing, the wear and failure of the bearing can be predicted, predictive maintenance can be achieved, and unexpected downtime can be reduced. The monitoring data helps to evaluate the operating status of the bearing, ensure that the bearing works under safe and efficient conditions, and improve the reliability of the entire transmission system. The monitoring element can accurately feedback the temperature and / or vibration of the bearing. According to the feedback temperature and vibration values, the threaded adjustment sleeve is rotated, and the temperature and vibration values ​​are observed. The operation is repeated until the optimal state is reached. By analyzing the monitoring data, the operating status of the bearing, such as overheating, abnormal vibration, etc., can be evaluated, and timely measures can be taken to realize the function of instantly adjusting the bearing clearance.

[0021] The above-mentioned transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance may be further configured as follows: a spring is provided at the probe of the monitoring element, and the probe is preloaded onto the sealing ring through the spring.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a spring is provided at the probe of the monitoring element, and the movement of the adjustment device will not affect the position of the probe, thereby ensuring that the probe of the monitoring element is in close contact with the sealing ring, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of temperature or vibration data, compensating for the relative displacement between the probe and the sealing ring caused by bearing clearance adjustment or external vibration, and maintaining the continuity and stability of monitoring. At the same time, the spring acts as a buffer element to absorb impact and vibration, protect the monitoring element from damage, and extend its service life.

[0023] Also disclosed is a method for adjusting the clearance of a transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1: Install the gear shaft in the box after passing through a pair of tapered roller bearings installed face to face, and then push the sealing ring into the box, close to the back of the tapered roller bearing, and install the threaded adjustment sleeve and the end cover at the position of at least one tapered roller bearing in the box, and one end of the threaded adjustment sleeve is against the sealing ring, and the other end passes through the end cover and then installs the temperature vibration integrated sensor. The threaded adjustment sleeve is threadedly connected to the through hole of the end cover through the threaded step. At this time, draw lines on the threaded step and the outside of the end cover to record and determine the initial clearance state of the tapered roller bearing;

[0025] S2: Use an adjustment tool to drive the thread adjustment sleeve to rotate, so that the torque output by the adjustment tool twists the thread adjustment sleeve, so that the thread adjustment sleeve rotates relative to the end cover, and the tapered roller bearing is adjusted to the 0 clearance position. The 0 clearance position is determined by the data of the monitoring element, and the rotation angle of the thread adjustment sleeve is recorded as α. Then, according to the known pitch of the thread adjustment sleeve as P, the clearance calculation formula C=P×α / 360 is used to obtain the clearance adjustment amount C;

[0026] S3: Screw one end of the anti-loosening gasket into the threaded adjustment sleeve through the bolt, fold up the other end of the anti-loosening gasket, and clamp the edge of the arc locking block on the end cover to complete the clearance adjustment.

[0027] With the above technical solution, the initial installation ensures the correct positioning and sealing of the bearing, laying the foundation for the subsequent clearance adjustment. The line drawing record provides a visual reference for subsequent comparison and confirmation of the change in clearance. By accurately controlling the rotation angle of the threaded adjustment sleeve, the bearing clearance can be accurately adjusted. The data provided by the monitoring sensor helps to determine the 0 clearance position and ensure the accuracy of the adjustment. The clearance calculation formula provides a method to quantify the adjustment amount, making the adjustment process more scientific and accurate. The cooperation of the anti-loosening gasket and the arc locking block provides an effective locking mechanism to ensure the stability of the state after the clearance adjustment. The anti-loosening mechanism can resist external vibration and impact, improve the reliability and durability of the entire transmission device, and provide an accurate and reliable bearing clearance adjustment method. By combining monitoring data and mechanical adjustment, accurate control of bearing clearance is achieved, which helps to improve the performance and life of the transmission device.

[0028] Due to the application of the above scheme, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0029] The device provided by the present invention can quickly locate the zero clearance state of the tapered roller bearing through a precisely designed threaded adjustment sleeve, mark the junction of the threaded adjustment sleeve and the end cover, and record this key position to facilitate subsequent adjustment and maintenance. Faced with different working conditions, the present invention allows the user to quickly fine-tune the bearing clearance to adapt to changing load and speed requirements. The temperature and vibration integrated sensor in the device provides a real-time monitoring method for the operating status of the bearing. By continuously monitoring the temperature and vibration data of the bearing, the operator can adjust the clearance in time to ensure that the bearing always operates in the optimal working state. This real-time monitoring and instant adjustment capability greatly improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the bearing. The operation of the present invention is simple and intuitive, so that non-professionals can easily master it. It can not only significantly increase the service life of the bearing and reduce premature wear caused by improper clearance, but also effectively reduce the vibration and temperature rise of the reducer during operation, thereby improving the stability and durability of the entire transmission system. In addition, the monitoring system of the present invention can issue early warning signals in time when abnormal conditions occur in the bearing, such as abnormal temperature increase or increased vibration. This provides valuable time for staff to take preventive measures before the bearing is completely damaged, avoid potential equipment failures and production interruptions, and ensure the continuity and safety of production.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the end cover and the threaded adjustment sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention. Implementation

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, a transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance comprises a housing 1 and a plurality of transmission shafts 3 for meshing transmission arranged in the housing 1, a pair of tapered roller bearings 4 arranged face to face are installed on the transmission shafts 3, one end of the tapered roller bearing 4 is provided with a sealing assembly, the sealing assembly comprises a sealing ring 6, one end of the sealing ring 6 abuts against the tapered roller bearing 4, and the other end abuts against the adjustment portion 71, the outer edge of the sealing ring 6 is provided with a sealing ring 5 abutting against the inner wall of the housing 1 for sealing, wherein one end of at least one tapered roller bearing 4 is provided with a clearance adjustment assembly, the clearance adjustment The assembly includes an end cover 8 fixedly arranged at one end of the box body 1 corresponding to the tapered roller bearing 4 and a threaded adjustment sleeve 7 installed between the end cover 8 and the tapered roller bearing 4. The threaded adjustment sleeve 7 includes an adjustment portion 71 that abuts against the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing 4, a driving portion 72 that partially penetrates the end cover 8 and is used to drive the adjustment portion 71 to rotate, and a threaded step 73 connecting the adjustment portion 71 and the driving portion 72. The threaded step 73 is threadedly connected to the internal thread of the end cover 8. By rotating the driving portion 72, the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 is driven to rotate relative to the end cover 8 to control the adjustment portion 71 and the tapered roller bearing 4. The relative distance of the tapered roller bearing 4, the end cover 8 is provided with a through hole 81 for the driving part 72 to pass through, the inner wall of the through hole 81 has an internal thread connected to the thread step 73, and an anti-loosening mechanism is provided between the end cover 8 and the thread adjustment sleeve 7, and the anti-loosening mechanism includes four arc locking blocks 82 and anti-loosening washers 11 arranged on the surface of one end of the end cover 8 corresponding to the driving part 72 and distributed around the through hole 81 at equal intervals, and the radius from the arc edge of the arc locking block 82 to the center of the end cover 8 gradually decreases along the locking direction of the thread step 72, and one end of the anti-loosening washers 11 is fixedly installed on the end surface of the end cover 8 corresponding to the driving part 72 by bolts 10. On the end face of the adjustment part 72, the other end is bent and clamped with the edge of the arc locking block 82, wherein the thread step 73 and the internal thread both adopt fine pitch threads, and there is a movable gap between the outer peripheral surface of the adjustment part 71 and the box body 1, wherein the pitch P of the fine pitch thread, the rotation angle of the thread adjustment sleeve 7 is α, and the clearance calculation formula is: C=P×α / 360, and the end surface of the driving part 72 is provided with an external hexagonal operating boss 74 for driving a wrench, and the thread adjustment sleeve 7 can be rotated by the wrench to adjust the gap, and the thread adjustment sleeve 7 is cast with ductile iron.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a monitoring mechanism is provided on the threaded adjustment sleeve 7, and the monitoring mechanism includes a temperature and vibration integrated sensor 9 arranged on the driving part 72. A monitoring hole 741 penetrating the operating boss 74 is opened in the center of the driving part 72. The temperature and vibration integrated sensor 9 is installed in the monitoring hole 741, and a probe 91 at one end is abutted against the sealing ring 6 through a spring 92 to monitor the temperature and vibration of the tapered roller bearing 4.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, the transmission device of the present invention takes a reducer as an example. When the reducer is in use, three transmission shafts 3 for meshing transmission are installed in the housing 1. The transmission shafts 3 are installed in the housing 1 through a pair of tapered roller bearings 4 installed face to face. The sealing ball 5 is installed in the sealing ring 6 and pushed into the housing 1, close to the back of the tapered roller bearing 4. The threaded adjustment sleeve 7 is rotated and screwed into the end cover 8. The threads of the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 and the end cover 8 are fine-pitch threads to improve the anti-loosening performance of the threads and accurately adjust the bearing clearance. The threaded adjustment sleeve 7 is cast with ductile iron material, which has high strength and good wear resistance when the thread is driven and the sealing ring is rotated to push the sealing ring. The end cover 8 is fixed to the end face of the housing 1 by an external hexagonal bolt. In addition, the operating boss 74 at the end of the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 is cast. It is in the shape of an outer hexagon. Therefore, when a torque wrench is used, when the torque is slightly greater than the additional radial force generated by the tapered roller bearing 4 due to gravity on the transmission shaft 3 plus the friction between the sealing device, the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing 4 and the housing 1, the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 can be twisted and screwed in. When the tapered roller bearing 4 is adjusted to the 0 clearance position, the reaction force of the inner and outer rings of the tapered roller bearing 4 and the torque need to be increased several times or even more before it can be twisted. The diameter of the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 at the sealing ring 6 is 1mm smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing 4, so that it has a movable gap. In this way, when the sealing ring 6 is pushed to move, it will not be stuck or increase resistance due to eccentricity. Compared with the traditional knocking method, this solution can smoothly adjust the bearing clearance without Because of the hammer hitting, the bearing produces elastic deformation. In addition, after adjusting to the 0 clearance position, draw a straight line between the thread adjustment sleeve 7 and the end cover 8 as a mark. According to the pitch P of the fine thread and the rotation angle α, the corresponding released clearance can be calculated as P×α / 360. After adjustment, screw the bolt 10 and the anti-loosening gasket 11 into the thread adjustment sleeve 7. After the bolt 10 is screwed into place, fold the anti-loosening gasket 11, clamp the bolt head at one end, and clamp the end cover 8 at the other end. The upper part of the end cover 8 is made into four eccentric arc locking blocks 82. The radius of each arc locking block 82 from the edge to the center of the end cover 8 gradually increases in the counterclockwise direction (the tightening direction of the thread adjustment sleeve 7 is clockwise). The anti-loosening gasket 11 clamps the arc locking block 82, so that the thread adjustment The sleeve 7 cannot be screwed out, and due to the reaction force on the tapered roller bearing 4, the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 will not be screwed in without the action of external force, so it can play a good anti-loosening effect. A monitoring hole 741 is provided in the middle of the threaded adjustment sleeve 7. The temperature and vibration integrated sensor 9 passes through the monitoring hole 741, so that the probe 91 supports the sealing ring 6. A spring 92 is provided at the probe 91 of the temperature and vibration integrated sensor 9. The movement of the adjustment device will not affect the probe position. Since the sealing ring 6 is close to the outer ring of the bearing 4, the temperature and vibration integrated sensor 9 can accurately feedback the temperature and vibration of the tapered roller bearing 4. According to the feedback temperature and vibration values, the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 is rotated, and the temperature and vibration values ​​are observed, and the operation is repeated until the optimal state is reached.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the following steps are required when the transmission device needs to be adjusted for clearance:

[0039] S1: After the gear shaft 3 is passed through a pair of tapered roller bearings 4 installed face to face, it is installed in the box body 1, and then the sealing ring 6 is pushed into the box, close to the back of the tapered roller bearing 4, and the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 and the end cover 8 are installed at the position of at least one tapered roller bearing in the box body, and one end of the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 is against the sealing ring, and the other end passes through the end cover and then the temperature vibration integrated sensor 9 is installed, and the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 is threadedly connected with the through hole of the end cover through the threaded step to determine the initial clearance state of the tapered roller bearing;

[0040] S2: Use an adjustment tool to drive the thread adjustment sleeve 7 to rotate, so that the torque output by the adjustment tool twists the thread adjustment sleeve 7, so that the thread adjustment sleeve 7 rotates relative to the end cover, and adjusts the tapered roller bearing 4 to a 0 clearance position. The 0 clearance position is determined by monitoring the data of the sensor, and the rotation angle of the thread adjustment sleeve 7 is directly recorded as α by the angle measuring tool during rotation. It is known that the pitch of the thread adjustment sleeve 7 is P. According to the clearance calculation formula C=P×α / 360, the clearance adjustment amount C is obtained;

[0041] S3: Screw one end of the anti-loosening gasket 11 into the threaded adjustment sleeve 7 through the bolt 10, and fold up the anti-loosening gasket 11 at the other end to clamp the edge of the arc locking block on the end cover to complete the clearance adjustment.

[0042] The following table shows the clearance variation data calculated after the rotation angle α is obtained using an angle measurement tool:

[0043]

[0044]

Claims

1. A transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance, comprising a housing and a plurality of transmission shafts arranged in the housing, wherein a plurality of adjustable clearance bearings are installed on the transmission shafts, characterized in that: A clearance adjustment assembly is provided at one end of at least one adjustable clearance bearing, and the clearance adjustment assembly includes an end cover fixedly arranged at one end of the housing corresponding to the adjustable clearance bearing and a threaded adjustment sleeve installed between the end cover and the adjustable clearance bearing, the threaded adjustment sleeve includes an adjustment portion abutting against the inner ring or outer ring of the adjustable clearance bearing, a driving portion partially passing through the end cover and used to drive the adjustment portion to rotate, and a threaded step connecting the adjustment portion and the driving portion, the threaded step is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the end cover, and the threaded adjustment sleeve is driven to rotate relative to the end cover by rotating the driving portion to control the relative distance between the adjustment portion and the adjustable clearance bearing.

2. A transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cover is provided with a through hole for the driving part to pass through, and the inner wall of the through hole has an internal thread connected to the thread step. An anti-loosening mechanism is provided between the end cover and the thread adjustment sleeve, and the anti-loosening mechanism includes a plurality of arc locking blocks and anti-loosening washers arranged on the surface of one end of the end cover corresponding to the driving part, and the radius from the arc edge of the arc locking block to the center of the end cover gradually decreases along the locking direction of the thread step. One end of the anti-loosening washers is fixedly mounted on the end surface of the adjustment part, and the other end is bent and clamped with the edge of the arc locking block.

3. A transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the arc locking blocks is greater than 2, and they are equidistantly arranged around the edge of the through hole, and the anti-loosening gasket is threadedly connected to the driving part through a fastener.

4. A transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thread step and the internal thread both adopt fine pitch threads, and there is a movable gap between the outside of the adjustment part and the box body, wherein the pitch of the fine pitch thread is P, the rotation angle of the thread adjustment sleeve is α, and the clearance calculation formula is: C=P×α / 360.

5. The transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: An operating boss for driving an external tool is provided on the end surface of the driving portion.

6. A transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The threaded adjustment sleeve is cast with ductile iron, the operating boss is in an external hexagonal shape, the adjustable clearance bearing is a tapered roller bearing, and the transmission shaft is a gear shaft.

7. A transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A sealing assembly is provided at one end of the adjustable clearance bearing, and the sealing assembly includes a sealing ring, one end of the sealing ring abuts against the adjustable clearance bearing, and the other end abuts against the adjustment part. The outer edge of the sealing ring is provided with a sealing ring that abuts against the inner wall of the box and seals.

8. The transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance according to claim 7, characterized in that: A monitoring mechanism is provided on the threaded adjustment sleeve, and the monitoring mechanism includes a monitoring element arranged on the driving part. The monitoring element is a temperature sensor or a vibration sensor or a temperature and vibration integrated sensor. A penetrating monitoring hole is opened in the center of the driving part. The monitoring element is installed in the monitoring hole, and one end of the monitoring element is against the sealing ring to monitor the temperature and / or vibration of the adjustable clearance bearing.

9. A transmission device for instantly adjusting bearing clearance according to claim 8, characterized in that: A spring is provided at the probe of the monitoring element, and the probe is preloaded onto the sealing ring through the spring.

10. A method for adjusting the clearance of a transmission device for instantly adjusting the bearing clearance according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Install the gear shaft in the box after passing through a pair of tapered roller bearings installed face to face, and then push the sealing ring into the box, close to the back of the tapered roller bearing, and install the threaded adjustment sleeve and the end cover at the position of at least one tapered roller bearing in the box, and one end of the threaded adjustment sleeve is against the sealing ring, and the other end passes through the end cover and then installs the temperature and vibration integrated sensor, and the threaded adjustment sleeve is threadedly connected with the through hole of the end cover through the threaded step to determine the initial clearance state of the tapered roller bearing; S2: Use an adjustment tool to drive the thread adjustment sleeve to rotate, so that the torque output by the adjustment tool twists the thread adjustment sleeve, so that the thread adjustment sleeve rotates relative to the end cover, and the tapered roller bearing is adjusted to the 0 clearance position. The 0 clearance position is determined by the data of the monitoring element, and the rotation angle of the thread adjustment sleeve is recorded as α. Then, according to the known pitch of the thread adjustment sleeve as P, the clearance calculation formula C=P×α / 360 is used to obtain the clearance adjustment amount C; S3: Screw one end of the anti-loosening gasket into the threaded adjustment sleeve through the bolt, fold up the other end of the anti-loosening gasket, and clamp the edge of the arc locking block on the end cover to complete the clearance adjustment.

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