A shock detection device and a detection method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of impact detection, and particularly relates to an impact detection device and a detection method thereof. The impact detection device comprises a bottom plate, an acceleration slide, an outlet of the acceleration slide being arranged directly above a test piece, a low end of an inclined slide being communicated with a middle part of the acceleration slide, a high-voltage electric generation part being arranged at a top part of the acceleration slide, the high-voltage electric generation part being fixedly connected to a top plate, acceleration grooves being respectively arranged at front and back sides of the acceleration slide, magnets being respectively fixedly connected to inner walls of left and right sides of the acceleration slide, conductive sheets being fixedly connected to inner walls of the acceleration grooves, one of the conductive sheets being connected to a positive electrode of the high-voltage electric generation part, and the other conductive sheet being connected to a negative electrode of the high-voltage electric generation part, a chute being communicated with a middle part of the acceleration groove, the chute being arranged on an inner wall of the inclined slide, and a falling ball, a metal rod being fixedly connected to a middle part of the falling ball, the falling ball entering from a high end of the inclined slide, and then slidingly cooperating with the chute and the acceleration groove through the metal rod, and falling out from a bottom outlet of the acceleration slide. An impact detection method based on the device is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of impact testing technology, and particularly relates to an impact testing device and its testing method. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining activities, the coal and rock near the mining area are often subjected to frequent dynamic disturbances, which can be simplified as typical cyclic impact loads.

[0003] Impact loading can alter the seepage characteristics of coal seams to some extent and may also induce disasters such as roof collapse, coal and gas outbursts, and water infiltration in coal and rock masses. Therefore, analyzing and studying the deformation and seepage characteristics of coal and rock masses under impact loading is an essential step in predicting and preventing gas and mine pressure disasters.

[0004] Currently, the main research methods in rock dynamics include theoretical analysis, laboratory tests, numerical analysis and calculation, and field monitoring. Field monitoring is the most direct and practical method, but it is costly and often limited by specific construction conditions, making systematic implementation difficult. Furthermore, while numerical simulation methods are used for stability verification and evaluation, accurate values ​​for rock mechanical parameters are difficult to obtain, and the results can only serve as a reference. Laboratory tests are currently the most widely used research method, with drop hammer testing being a direct loading method.

[0005] However, currently, when loading with a drop hammer, the impact force depends on the mass of the drop hammer, and the magnitude of the impact force is difficult to adjust. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an impact detection device and its detection method to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an impact testing device and a testing method thereof to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0008] An impact detection device, comprising:

[0009] A base plate, which is used to place the test specimen, is installed inside the chamber, and a top plate is fixed to the top of the chamber;

[0010] An acceleration slide has its outlet located directly above the specimen. The middle of the acceleration slide is connected to the lower end of an inclined slide. A high-voltage generator is located at the top of the acceleration slide and is fixed to the top plate. Acceleration grooves are formed on the front and rear sides of the acceleration slide. Magnets are fixed to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the acceleration slide. Conductive plates are fixed to the inner walls of the acceleration grooves. One of the conductive plates is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage generator, and the other conductive plate is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage generator. A chute is connected to the middle of the acceleration groove and is located on the inner wall of the inclined slide.

[0011] The ball is made of insulating material and has a metal rod fixed to its middle. The two ends of the metal rod are located on the outside of the ball. After entering from the high end of the inclined slide, the ball slides through the metal rod, the chute and the acceleration chute, and exits from the bottom outlet of the acceleration chute.

[0012] According to the aforementioned impact detection device, the base plate is provided with an inclined surface, which is used for the falling ball to roll towards the lower end;

[0013] A groove is provided at the lower end of the inclined surface, and the two ends of the groove are set higher than the middle of the groove. The groove is used for the ball to move towards the middle after falling in. The middle of the groove is connected to an outlet, through which the ball is taken out.

[0014] According to the aforementioned impact testing device, a force sensor is fixedly attached to the top of the base plate, and a tray is fixedly attached to the top of the force sensor for placing the test specimen.

[0015] According to the aforementioned impact detection device, a door is provided on the front side of the housing, and a door panel is rotatably connected to the door. The housing is provided with an opening for communicating with the outlet, and a cover plate is rotatably connected to the opening.

[0016] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, the high-voltage generating unit includes a high-voltage generator, which is fixedly connected to the top plate. The positive terminal of the high-voltage generator is electrically connected to one of the conductive plates, and the negative terminal of the high-voltage generator is electrically connected to the other conductive plate.

[0017] According to the aforementioned impact detection device, a sealing plate is sealed at the entrance of the inclined slide, and a limiting part for controlling the rolling of the falling ball is provided at the entrance of the inclined slide.

[0018] According to the aforementioned impact detection device, the limiting part includes a limiting pin, which is vertically and elastically slidably disposed at the bottom of the inclined slide near the entrance.

[0019] According to the aforementioned impact detection device, a spring is provided on the outer sleeve of the limiting pin, the top end of the spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inclined slide, and the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting pin.

[0020] According to the aforementioned impact detection device, sealing strips are fixedly connected to the joints between the door panel, the cover plate, and the housing.

[0021] An impact testing method, based on the aforementioned impact testing device, includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Place the specimen directly below the outlet of the acceleration slide and set the acceleration voltage of the high-voltage generator.

[0023] Step 2: Insert the ball into the high end of the inclined slide, and place the metal rods protruding from both ends of the ball into the corresponding chute. Release the ball so that it rolls along the chute towards the low end of the inclined slide under the action of the metal rods.

[0024] Step 3: The metal rod rolls into the acceleration groove of the acceleration slide along with the falling ball. After the two ends of the metal rod are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high voltage generator through the corresponding conductive plates, the initial speed of the falling ball at the exit of the acceleration slide is adjusted under the action of electromagnetic acceleration and gravitational acceleration.

[0025] Step four: After the falling ball collides with the specimen, it rolls to the bottom plate and is then retrieved.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0027] In use, first place the specimen directly below the exit of the acceleration slide and set the acceleration voltage of the high-voltage generator. Then, load the ball into the high end of the inclined slide and place the metal rods protruding from both ends of the ball into the corresponding troughs. Release the ball, allowing it to roll along the troughs towards the low end of the inclined slide under the action of the metal rods. As the metal rods roll into the acceleration groove of the acceleration slide, the two ends of the metal rod are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage generator through corresponding conductive plates. Under the combined action of electromagnetic acceleration and gravitational acceleration, the initial speed of the ball at the exit of the acceleration slide is adjusted. When the set acceleration voltage is zero, the acceleration voltage only accelerates the impact under the action of gravity. As the acceleration voltage increases, when the two ends of the metal rod are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage generator through corresponding conductive plates, the ball will be launched under the action of electromagnetic force. The ball is simultaneously affected by gravitational acceleration. Therefore, the speed of the ball can be increased by electromagnetic force, thereby adjusting the impact force. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the acceleration slide of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the entrance of the inclined slide of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ball-dropping structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the entrance to the inclined slide of the present invention;

[0036] The components are as follows: 1. Box body; 2. High voltage generator; 3. Top plate; 4. Inclined slide; 5. Cover plate; 6. Acceleration slide; 7. Specimen; 8. Base plate; 9. Tray; 10. Force sensor; 11. Slide; 12. Outlet; 13. Drop ball; 14. Metal rod; 15. Chute; 16. Acceleration groove; 17. Sealing plate; 18. Spring; 19. Limit pin; 20. Door panel; 21. Magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment discloses an impact detection device, including:

[0041] The base plate 8 is used to place the specimen 7. The base plate 8 is installed inside the box 1. The top plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the box 1.

[0042] The acceleration slide 6 has its outlet located directly above the specimen 7. The middle of the acceleration slide 6 is connected to the lower end of the inclined slide 4. The top of the acceleration slide 6 is equipped with a high-voltage electric generator, which is fixed to the top plate 3. Acceleration grooves 16 are respectively opened on the front and rear sides of the acceleration slide 6. Magnets 21 are fixed to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the acceleration slide 6. Conductive plates are fixed to the inner walls of the acceleration grooves 16. One of the conductive plates is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric generator, and the other conductive plate is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric generator. A chute 15 is connected to the middle of the acceleration groove 16 and is located on the inner wall of the inclined slide 4.

[0043] The ball 13 is made of insulating material. A metal rod 14 is fixed to the middle of the ball 13. The two ends of the metal rod 14 are located on the outside of the ball 13. After the ball 13 enters from the high end of the inclined slide 4, it slides through the metal rod 14 with the chute 15 and the acceleration chute 16 and falls out from the bottom outlet of the acceleration slide 6.

[0044] In use, first place the specimen 7 directly below the outlet of the acceleration slide 6 and set the acceleration voltage of the high-voltage generator; then, insert the ball 13 into the high end of the inclined slide 4, and place the metal rods 14 protruding from both ends of the ball 13 into the corresponding chute 15. Release the ball 13, allowing it to roll along the chute 15 towards the low end of the inclined slide 4 under the action of the metal rods 14; when the metal rods 14 roll into the acceleration groove 16 of the acceleration slide 6 with the ball 13, the two ends of the metal rods 14 are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage generator through corresponding conductive plates. Subsequently, under the combined effects of electromagnetic acceleration and gravitational acceleration, the initial speed of the falling ball 13 at the exit of the acceleration slide 6 is adjusted. When the set acceleration voltage is zero, the acceleration voltage only accelerates the impact under the action of gravitational acceleration. As the acceleration voltage increases, when the two ends of the metal rod 14 are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high voltage generator through the corresponding conductive plates, the falling ball 13 will be launched under the action of electromagnetic force. The falling ball 13 is also affected by gravitational acceleration. Therefore, the speed of the falling ball 13 can be increased by electromagnetic force, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the impact force.

[0045] Magnet 21 is located inside the acceleration slide 6 and below the lower end of the tilt slide 4, with the N pole of one magnet 21 facing the S pole of the other magnet 21.

[0046] As an optional implementation, the base plate 8 is provided with an inclined surface for the ball 13 to roll towards the lower end;

[0047] A chute 11 is provided at the lower end of the inclined surface. The two ends of the chute 11 are set higher than the middle of the chute 11. The chute 11 is used for the ball 13 to move towards the middle after falling into it. The middle of the chute 11 is connected to the outlet 12, and the ball 13 is taken out through the outlet 12.

[0048] After the impact, the ball 13 rolls down to the base plate 8. Under the action of the inclined surface of the base plate 8, the ball 13 falls into the slide groove 11 and rolls along the inclined surface of the slide groove 11 to the outlet 12, so that the ball 13 can be taken out from the outlet 12.

[0049] As an optional implementation, a force sensor 10 is fixedly attached to the top of the base plate 8, and a tray 9 is fixedly attached to the top of the force sensor 10. The tray 9 is used to place the test specimen 7.

[0050] Force sensor 10 can be used to record the impact force of falling ball 13, facilitating data analysis.

[0051] Meanwhile, an observation port can be set on the housing 1 and sealed with high-strength tempered glass, allowing observation of the impact process or recording of images through the observation port.

[0052] As an optional implementation, the front of the box 1 is provided with a door, and a door panel 20 is rotatably connected to the door. The box 1 is provided with an opening for communicating with the outlet 12, and a cover plate 5 is rotatably connected to the opening.

[0053] As an optional implementation, the high-voltage generator includes a high-voltage generator 2, which is fixedly connected to the top plate 3. The positive terminal of the high-voltage generator 2 is electrically connected to one of the conductive plates, and the negative terminal of the high-voltage generator 2 is electrically connected to the other conductive plate.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, as an optional implementation, a sealing plate 17 is sealed at the entrance of the inclined slide 4, and a limiting part for controlling the rolling of the falling ball 13 is provided at the entrance of the inclined slide 4.

[0056] As an optional implementation, the limiting part includes a limiting pin 19, which is vertically and elastically slidably disposed at the bottom of the inclined slide 4 near the entrance.

[0057] As an optional implementation, the limiting pin 19 is fitted with a spring 18, the top end of the spring 18 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inclined slide 4, and the bottom end of the spring 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting pin 19.

[0058] As an optional implementation, sealing strips are fixedly connected to the joints between the door panel 20 and the cover plate 5 and the housing 1.

[0059] This device can also connect the chamber 1 to a vacuum pump to make the impact environment a vacuum environment. After the falling ball 13 is placed into the inclined slide 4, the sealing plate 17 is closed and the falling ball 13 is prevented from rolling by the limit pin 19. Then, the inside of the chamber 1 is evacuated to a vacuum by the vacuum pump. After the vacuum environment is stable, the limit pin 19 is removed and the falling ball 13 rolls to start the test.

[0060] An impact testing method, based on the aforementioned impact testing device, includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Place the specimen 7 directly below the exit of the acceleration slide 6 and set the acceleration voltage of the high-voltage generator.

[0062] Step 2: Insert the ball 13 into the high end of the inclined slide 4, and place the metal rods 14 protruding from both ends of the ball 13 into the corresponding chute 15. Release the ball 13 so that it rolls along the chute 15 towards the low end of the inclined slide 4 under the action of the metal rods 14.

[0063] Step 3: The metal rod 14 rolls into the acceleration groove 16 of the acceleration slide 6 along with the falling ball 13. After the two ends of the metal rod 14 are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high voltage generator through corresponding conductive plates, the initial speed of the falling ball 13 at the exit of the acceleration slide 6 is adjusted under the action of electromagnetic acceleration and gravitational acceleration.

[0064] Step 4: After the falling ball 13 collides with the specimen 7, it rolls to the bottom plate 8 and is then retrieved.

[0065] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0066] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact detection device, characterized by, Include: The bottom plate (8) is used for placing the test piece (7), the bottom plate (8) is installed in the box (1), and the top of the box (1) is fixedly connected with the top plate (3); The outlet of the acceleration slide (6) is arranged above the test piece (7), and the low end of the inclined slide (4) is communicated with the middle part of the acceleration slide (6); The high-voltage electric field generating part is arranged at the top of the acceleration slide (6), and the high-voltage electric field generating part is fixedly connected with the top plate (3); The front and back sides of the acceleration slide (6) are respectively provided with acceleration grooves (16), and the inner walls of the left and right sides of the acceleration slide (6) are respectively fixedly connected with magnets (21); The inner wall of the acceleration groove (16) is fixedly connected with a conductive sheet, one of the conductive sheets is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage electric field generating part, and the other conductive sheet is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage electric field generating part; The middle part of the acceleration groove (16) is communicated with a chute (15), and the chute (15) is arranged in the inner wall of the inclined slide (4). The drop ball (13) is made of insulating material, the middle part of the drop ball (13) is fixedly connected with a metal rod (14), the two ends of the metal rod (14) are located outside the drop ball (13), and the drop ball (13) enters the high end of the inclined slide (4) and is matched with the chute (15) and the acceleration groove (16) through the metal rod (14), and then falls out of the bottom outlet of the acceleration slide (6).

2. The shock detection device of claim 1, wherein: The bottom plate (8) is provided with a slope, and the slope is used for rolling the drop ball (13) to the low end. The low end of the slope is provided with a sliding groove (11), the two ends of the sliding groove (11) are higher than the middle part of the sliding groove (11), the sliding groove (11) is used for moving the drop ball (13) to the middle part after falling into the sliding groove (11), and the middle part of the sliding groove (11) is communicated with a taking outlet (12), and the drop ball (13) is taken out of the taking outlet (12).

3. The shock detection device of claim 1, wherein: The top of the bottom plate (8) is fixedly connected with a force sensor (10), the top of the force sensor (10) is fixedly connected with a tray (9), and the tray (9) is used for placing the test piece (7).

4. The shock detection device of claim 2, wherein: The front side of the box (1) is provided with a door opening, the door opening is rotatably connected with a door plate (20), the box (1) is provided with a hole opening for communicating with the taking outlet (12), and the hole opening is rotatably connected with a cover plate (5).

5. The shock detection device of claim 1, wherein: The high-voltage electric field generating part includes a high-voltage generator (2), the high-voltage generator (2) is fixedly connected with the top plate (3), the positive electrode of the high-voltage generator (2) is electrically connected with one of the conductive sheets, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage generator (2) is electrically connected with the other conductive sheet.

6. The shock detection device of claim 1, wherein: The inlet of the inclined slide (4) is sealingly connected with a sealing plate (17), and the inlet of the inclined slide (4) is provided with a limiting part for controlling the rolling of the drop ball (13).

7. An impact detection device according to claim 6, characterised in that: The limiting part includes a limiting pin (19), and the limiting pin (19) is vertically and elastically arranged at the bottom of the inclined slide (4) close to the inlet.

8. A shock detection device according to claim 7, characterised in that: The limiting pin (19) is provided with a spring (18), the top end of the spring (18) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inclined slide (4), and the bottom end of the spring (18) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the limiting pin (19).

9. The shock detection device of claim 4, wherein: Sealing strips are fixedly connected at the joints between the door plate (20), the cover plate (5) and the box body (1).

10. A shock detection method according to any one of the shock detection devices of claims 1-9, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, place the test piece (7) directly below the outlet of the acceleration slide (6), and set the acceleration voltage of the high-voltage electric field generator; Step two, load the falling ball (13) into the high end of the inclined slide (4), and place the metal rods (14) leaking from both ends of the falling ball (13) into the corresponding chute (15), loosen the falling ball (13), and make it roll along the chute (15) to the low end of the inclined slide (4) under the action of the metal rod (14); Step three, the metal rod (14) rolls into the acceleration groove (16) of the acceleration slide (6) along with the falling ball (13), the two ends of the metal rod (14) are electrically connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage electric field generator through the corresponding conductive sheets, and the initial speed of the falling ball (13) at the outlet of the acceleration slide (6) is adjusted under the action of electromagnetic acceleration and gravity acceleration; Step four, after the falling ball (13) collides with the test piece (7), it rolls to the bottom plate (8) and is recycled.

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