Star sensor sunshield based on carbon foam and phase change material

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of aerospace thermal control, and in particular to a star sensor sunshade based on foam carbon and phase change material, comprising a foam carbon body, in which two phase change materials with different melting points are filled in the pores of the foam carbon body; a graphene film, co-cured on the outer surface of the foam carbon body, covering the entire outer surface of the foam carbon body; a heating plate, pasted on the outer surface of the graphene film along the circumference and circumference of the foam carbon body, forming different heating areas; a thermistor, pasted on the outer surface of the graphene film corresponding to the position of each heating area; a multi-layer thermal insulation component covering the outer surface of the graphene film; a temperature controller, which is used to adjust the output power of the heating plate according to the temperature data collected by the thermistor and the state of the phase change material, and control the temperature of the star sensor sunshade within a preset temperature range by using an adaptive temperature control algorithm. The present invention can effectively suppress and guide the direct solar heat flow on the sunshade, and realize high thermal stability control of the sunshade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of aerospace thermal control technology, and in particular relates to a star sensor sunshade based on foam carbon and phase change material. Background Art

[0002] In the spacecraft attitude measurement system, star sensors are important high-precision optical devices, and their performance directly affects the navigation and control accuracy of the spacecraft. However, since star sensors are usually exposed to complex space environments, their temperature control becomes one of the key challenges of the thermal control system. Especially in low-Earth orbit or high-orbit operation, the temperature control of the sunshade, as a key component of the star sensor, is not only related to the thermal stability of the sunshade itself, but also affects the optical alignment accuracy of the star sensor.

[0003] Existing sunshades usually adopt thin-walled structures made of aluminum alloy and carbon fiber materials, and have a small heat capacity. The main temperature control measures include segmented design of the sunshade assembly, adding insulation pads between the front and rear sections of the sunshade assembly, and attaching heating plates to the surface of the rear section of the sunshade assembly for temperature compensation. These measures can reduce the temperature fluctuation of the star sensor to a certain extent, but when dealing with strong direct solar heat flux, the temperature suppression effect is limited, resulting in large temperature fluctuations of the star sensor, making it difficult to meet high-precision thermal control requirements, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy of the star sensor. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a star sensor sunshade based on foam carbon and phase change material to solve the problem of poor thermal stability of existing star sensor sunshades when dealing with direct solar heat flux.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution created by the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A star sensor light shield based on foam carbon and phase change material comprises a foam carbon body, wherein two phase change materials with different melting points are filled in the pores of the foam carbon body; a graphene film, wherein the graphene film is co-cured on the outer surface of the foam carbon body to completely cover the outer surface of the foam carbon body; a heating plate, wherein the heating plate is pasted on the outer surface of the graphene film along the circumference and circumferential direction of the foam carbon body to form different heating areas; a thermistor, wherein the thermistor is pasted on the outer surface of the graphene film at a position corresponding to each heating area; a multi-layer thermal insulation component, wherein the multi-layer thermal insulation component covers the outer surface of the graphene film pasted with the heating plate and the thermistor; and a temperature controller, wherein the temperature controller is used to adjust the output power of the heating plate according to temperature data collected by the thermistor and the state of the phase change material, and adopts an adaptive temperature control algorithm to control the temperature of the star sensor light shield within a preset temperature range.

[0007] Furthermore, the two phase change materials are gallium-indium eutectic alloy and sodium sulfate hydrate, and the sodium sulfate hydrate is located outside the gallium-indium eutectic alloy.

[0008] Furthermore, the star sensor sunshade also includes a heat insulation pad, and the bottom of the foam carbon body is connected to the star sensor bracket through the heat insulation pad.

[0009] Furthermore, bosses are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the thermal insulation pad, respectively, and thermal insulation gaskets are filled between the boss on the upper surface of the thermal insulation pad and the foam carbon body, and between the boss on the lower surface of the thermal insulation pad and the star-sensitive bracket.

[0010] Furthermore, the thermal insulation pad and the thermal insulation gasket are both made of polyimide materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the carbon foam body is a cylindrical structure, and a KS-ZA white paint coating is sprayed on the inner surface of the carbon foam body at a position corresponding to the inlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the outermost layer of the multi-layer thermal insulation assembly is made of F46 material, and the remaining layers are made of MLI material.

[0013] Furthermore, the formula for the adaptive temperature control algorithm to adjust the output power of the heater is:

[0014]

[0015] in, is the output power of the heater; Preset temperature range for star sensor sunshade; The real-time temperature of the star sensor sunshade is obtained through real-time monitoring of thermistors; is the proportionality coefficient; is the integration coefficient; is the differential coefficient; is the heat flow trend gain coefficient; is the trend function of external heat flow; is the energy consumption optimization coefficient; is the current energy consumption rate.

[0016] Furthermore, The value range is 0.8~1.2, The value range is 0.1~0.5. The value range is 0.05~0.2, The value range is 0.5~1.0. The value range is 0.1~0.3.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention fills two phase change materials with different melting points in the pores of foamed carbon, adheres a graphene film to the outside of the foamed carbon, adheres a heating plate and a thermistor to the outside of the graphene film and covers a multi-layer thermal insulation component, combines thermal conductivity enhancement technology, phase change material thermal energy storage technology and adaptive temperature control algorithm, effectively suppresses and guides the direct solar heat flow on the inner surface of the sunshade, and realizes high thermal stability control of the sunshade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 2. It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the star sensor sunshade based on foam carbon and phase change material according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outermost layer of the star sensor sunshade based on foam carbon and phase change material without being covered with a multi-layer heat insulation component according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-layer heat insulation component coated on the outermost layer of a star sensor sunshade based on foam carbon and phase change material according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 sectional view of .

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals: foam carbon body 1, inner layer foam carbon 1-1, outer layer foam carbon 1-2, graphene film 2, heating plate 3, thermistor 4, multi-layer thermal insulation component 5, thermal insulation pad 6, thermal insulation gasket 7, KS-ZA white paint coating 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the star sensor sunshade based on foam carbon and phase change material provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a foam carbon body 1, a graphene film 2, a heating plate 3, a thermistor 4, a multi-layer insulation component 5, an insulation pad 6 and a temperature controller (not shown).

[0032] The foam carbon body 1 is a cylindrical structure as a whole, and is used as the main structure of the sunshade. The reason for using foam carbon as the main structure of the sunshade is that the foam carbon has a high porosity and can be used as a carrier of the phase change material. The phase change material is filled in the pores of the foam carbon to buffer the external heat flow fluctuation. The foam carbon body 1 itself is a lightweight porous material, which can achieve the lightweight of the sunshade, and the phase change material filled in the pores can achieve efficient heat conduction of the sunshade.

[0033] The present invention can fill two phase change materials with different melting points in the pores of the foamed carbon, that is, utilize the phase change materials with different melting points to be arranged in layers to achieve graded heat absorption and release, thereby achieving fine control of the temperature of the sunshade.

[0034] There are two ways to fill the pores of foam carbon with phase change materials of different melting points. One way is to make a thicker foam carbon body 1, and fill the phase change materials of different melting points at different depths of the foam carbon body 1; the other way is to divide the foam carbon body 1 into two layers, that is, to make an inner layer foam carbon 1-1 and an outer layer foam carbon 1-2 respectively, and then compound the inner layer foam carbon 1-1 and the outer layer foam carbon 1-2 together, and fill the pores of the inner layer foam carbon 1-1 and the outer layer foam carbon 1-2 with phase change materials of different melting points.

[0035] The present invention selects sodium sulfate hydrate ( ) is used as the phase change material filled with the outer layer of foam carbon 1-2. Since sodium sulfate hydrate has the characteristics of low phase change temperature (8°C) and high phase change latent heat (250kJ / kg), it can effectively absorb ambient temperature fluctuations. The present invention selects gallium-indium eutectic alloy as the phase change material filled with the inner layer of foam carbon 1-1. Gallium-indium eutectic alloy has high thermal conductivity and moderate phase change temperature (15.7°C), which can provide precise temperature control for the star sensor.

[0036] Phase change materials with different melting points are arranged in layers, so that the heat flow is absorbed by the phase change materials layer by layer during the transfer process, thereby improving the overall temperature control effect of the sunshade.

[0037] A circle of KS-ZA white paint coating 8 is sprayed on the inner surface of the foam carbon body 1 at a position corresponding to the entrance. The KS-ZA white paint coating serves as a thermal control coating 8 to reduce heat absorption at the entrance of the sunshade and achieve heat dissipation at the entrance of the sunshade.

[0038] The graphene film 2 is used to quickly diffuse the heat flow absorbed by the sunshade to avoid local overheating caused by heat accumulation in the sunshade. The graphene film 2 has a thickness of 0.3 mm and a thermal conductivity of up to 1500 W / (m·K). The GD414 silicone rubber is co-cured with the outer surface of the outer carbon foam 1-2, and the high-reliability interface co-curing technology is used to maintain the interface strength in high-temperature thermal cycles to prevent peeling from the outer carbon foam 1-2 due to thermal expansion and contraction, thereby enhancing the thermal conductivity of the sunshade.

[0039] The heating sheet 3 is pasted on the outer surface of the graphene film 2 along the circumference and circumference of the foam carbon body 1 to form different heating areas, and the thermistor 4 is pasted on the outer surface of the graphene film 2 at the position corresponding to each heating area. The heating sheet 3 and the thermistor 4 at the corresponding position form several temperature control loops, and the temperature of the light shield is monitored in real time through the thermistor 4 and fed back to the temperature controller. The temperature controller will adjust the output power of the heating sheet 3 according to the real-time temperature of the light shield and the state of the phase change material, ensuring that the phase change material always remains in a solid-liquid two-phase state, thereby achieving the best temperature control effect.

[0040] The multi-layer heat insulation component 5 covers the outer surface of the graphene film 2 with the heating plate 3 and thermistor 4 attached thereto to reduce the influence of the external heat flow on the light shield and maintain the temperature of the light shield stable. The multi-layer heat insulation component 5 includes but is not limited to a 20-layer structure, the outermost layer is F46 material, and the remaining layers are MLI material.

[0041] The heat insulation pad 6 is fixed to the mounting surface at the bottom of the sunshade, and is used to realize the connection between the bottom of the sunshade and the star-sensing bracket (not shown). Bosses are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat insulation pad 6, and multiple layers of heat insulation gaskets 7 are filled between the bosses on the upper surface of the heat insulation pad 6 and the foam carbon body 1, and between the bosses on the lower surface of the heat insulation pad 6 and the star-sensing bracket, respectively, to enhance the heat insulation effect between the sunshade and the star-sensing bracket. The heat insulation pad 6 and the heat insulation gasket 7 are both made of polyimide material.

[0042] The temperature controller uses the temperature data fed back by the thermistor 4 and the state of the phase change material to perform real-time analysis on the heat flow changes in the current environment, and adopts an adaptive temperature control algorithm to increase or decrease the output power of the heater 3 in advance according to the predicted temperature fluctuations, so as to control the temperature fluctuation of the light shield within a preset range, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the light shield can remain stable under different external heat flow conditions.

[0043] The adaptive temperature control algorithm adjusts the output power 𝑃 of the heater through real-time feedback to achieve precise control of the hood temperature 𝑇. The core formula is as follows:

[0044]

[0045] : Output power of the heater. is the control variable of the adaptive temperature control algorithm, by adjusting To maintain the hood within the preset temperature range.

[0046] : The preset temperature of the sunshade is usually set in the range of 6℃ to 8℃.

[0047] : The real-time temperature of the light shield is obtained by real-time monitoring of thermistor 4.

[0048] Proportional coefficient, used to control real-time temperature With the preset temperature T set deviation to adjust the instantaneous output power of the heating plate 3. Adjust according to the heat capacity of the hood material, and the adjustment range is 0.8~1.2.

[0049] : Integral coefficient, which adjusts the output power of the heating plate 3 by the sum of the accumulated temperature deviations. It is used to correct long-term deviations and avoid cumulative errors. The adjustment range is 0.1~0.5.

[0050] : Differential coefficient, used to control the response speed of temperature changes, suppress temperature overshoot and oscillation through short-term change rate, and the adjustment range is 0.05~0.2.

[0051] : Heat flow trend gain coefficient, adjust the output power in advance according to the prediction of external environment heat flow changes. This parameter is in real-time heat flow prediction information Dynamic adjustment under the influence of, plays the role of adaptive prediction. Increase, heat flow stable Reduce, The adjustment range is 0.5~1.0.

[0052] : External heat flux change trend function, used to predict the increase or decrease of heat flux in the next time period. Predict the change of external heat flux through the state of phase change material or historical data model, and adjust the output power in advance before the temperature changes. For example, if >0 indicates that the external heat flow is increasing and the power needs to be adjusted in advance to maintain the temperature of the sunshade stable.

[0053] : Temperature control adaptive coefficient, which determines the optimization weight of energy efficiency and is mainly used to reduce unnecessary power consumption. This coefficient is related to energy consumption rate Combined with the above, the sunshade can appropriately reduce the output power when the heat flow is stable. The adjustment range is 0.1~0.3.

[0054] : Current energy consumption rate, reflecting the power consumption trend of the heating plate 3. When the temperature of the light shield changes steadily, the adaptive To save energy.

[0055] The adaptive temperature control algorithm is the core part of the present invention to achieve precise temperature control of the sunshade. It achieves stable temperature control of the sunshade through real-time data collection, calculation analysis and dynamic adjustment. The following describes in detail its monitoring, calculation and adjustment process:

[0056] 1. Real-time monitoring stage

[0057] Temperature data collection:

[0058] Install multiple thermistors on the surface and key parts of the sunshade. The thermistors monitor the temperature of each part of the sunshade in real time and obtain the current temperature data. The data sampling frequency is set to 10 times per second to ensure timely response.

[0059] Heat flow trend monitoring: Through external heat flow detection devices, combined with historical data and real-time environmental information, obtain the heat flow change trend function . (The trend of increasing heat flux in the direct sunlight area and the cooling speed of the sunshade from the sunlight area to the shadow area).

[0060] 2. Computational analysis stage

[0061] Temperature difference analysis: compare current temperature and preset temperature : ΔT=T set -T(t);

[0062] If ΔT>0, it is determined that the temperature of the light shield is too low, and the output power of the heating plate 3 needs to be increased.

[0063] If ΔT<0, it is determined that the temperature of the light shield is too high, and the output power of the heating plate 3 needs to be reduced or the heating plate 3 needs to be turned off.

[0064] Use PID control algorithm to dynamically adjust the temperature difference: .

[0065] 3. Heat flow trend prediction adjustment:

[0066] Combined with heat flow trend function , predict in advance the impact of external heat flow on the temperature of the sunshade: .

[0067] If H(t)>0, it means that the external heat flow is enhanced, and the output power of the heating plate 3 needs to be reduced in advance to prevent overheating.

[0068] If H(t)<0, it means that the external heat flow is weakened, and the output power of the heating plate 3 needs to be increased in advance to maintain temperature stability.

[0069] 4. Energy consumption optimization calculation:

[0070] Calculate current energy consumption rate in real time , optimize output power: , it is preferred to reduce the output power of the heating plate 3 when the heat flow is stable to save energy.

[0071] Combine the power calculation results of the above three parts: .

[0072] 5. Dynamic adjustment stage

[0073] The power calculated The heating intensity of the heating plate is adjusted by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal. The power range is from 0 to maximum power (such as 50W), and the specific output is controlled by PWM duty cycle.

[0074] Continuously monitor temperature feedback and adjust PID parameters in real time ( , , ) to optimize control accuracy. When the heat flux fluctuates violently, increase When the temperature difference is small, reduce weights to reduce power fluctuations.

[0075] Monitor the physical state of the phase change material (solid-liquid ratio): If the phase change material is in a completely liquid state, the output power of the heating plate 3 is preferentially reduced to prevent overheating. If the phase change material is in a completely solid state, the output power of the heating plate 3 is preferentially increased to maintain thermal energy storage.

[0076] The present invention has proved through test data that the temperature fluctuation amplitude of the sunshade is reduced by 40% and the thermal stability is improved by 30%. Compared with the traditional method, the temperature control accuracy of the present invention is improved by 50%, which significantly improves the working stability and accuracy of the star sensor. Compared with the existing sunshades made of aluminum alloy and carbon fiber materials, the present invention not only has significant advantages in temperature control, but also has improvements in weight and strength. Through direct comparative experiments with the prior art, the results show that under the same conditions, the temperature fluctuation of the present invention is reduced by 45% and the working efficiency is improved by 20%.

[0077] Setting the preset temperature of the sunshade The current real-time temperature of the sunshade is 7°C. is 5℃, the temperature difference is ΔT=T set -T(t)=7℃-5℃=2℃. Due to the large temperature difference, the power of the heating plate needs to be significantly increased to quickly raise the temperature of the light shield to 7℃. The temperature controller will also be dynamically adjusted in combination with PID control and heat flow trend prediction. The following is the specific operation process of the temperature controller:

[0078] i.PID control stage:

[0079] The initial PID parameters are:

[0080] K p =1.0 (proportional factor);

[0081] K i =0.2 (integral coefficient);

[0082] K d =0.05 (differential coefficient);

[0083] Instant calculation:

[0084] Proportional term: ; This is the temperature controller's direct response to the current temperature difference, quickly adjusting the power;

[0085] Integral term: Assuming the temperature difference ΔT = 2°C lasts for a period of time (for example, 1 second), the integral term is:

[0086] ;

[0087] Differential term: If the temperature difference change rate (d(ΔT) / dt) is 0.5℃ / s, the differential term is:

[0088] ;

[0089] The comprehensive PID power output is: P PID =2.0+0.4+0.025=2.425W.

[0090] ii. Heat flow trend prediction stage

[0091] Heat flow change trend H(t): The temperature controller predicts the change trend of the external heat flow according to the current operating environment of the sunshade.

[0092] Assumption 1: The sunshade is in the shadow area, the external heat flux is weakened, and H(t)<0.

[0093] Assumption 2: The sunshade is about to enter the sunlight area, the external heat flux will increase, H(t)>0.

[0094] Heat flow adjustment formula: (Assume the gain coefficient α=0.7)

[0095] Case 1: If H(t)=-1.0 (heat flux decreases), the temperature controller will increase the power output in advance: P adjust =0.7×(-1.0)=-0.7W.

[0096] Case 2: If H(t)=1.0 (heat flux increases), the temperature controller will reduce the power output in advance: P adjust =0.7×1.0=0.7W.

[0097] iii. Energy optimization stage

[0098] Energy consumption optimization adjustment: according to the current energy consumption state E(t), reduce unnecessary power waste: ;

[0099] Assuming that the energy consumption optimization coefficient β = 0.2 and the current power consumption rate E(t) = 10W, the optimized power is: P optimize= -0.2 × 10 = -2.0 W;

[0100] iv. Final power output:

[0101] Based on the above adjustments, the final power output of the heating plate is: , assuming that the heat flow is in a decreasing state (H(t)=-1.0, the power is calculated as: P(t)=2.425-0.7-2.0=-0.275 w.

[0102] Since the actual power cannot be negative, the temperature controller will maintain the minimum power to prevent overcooling.

[0103] v. Dynamic adjustment process of temperature controller

[0104] The temperature controller first determines the basic power output according to the PID control algorithm, and makes real-time adjustments based on the heat flow trend prediction H(t) and energy optimization E(t). If the hood temperature continues to drop (for example, below 5°C), the temperature controller will increase the power. If the hood temperature rises too quickly (for example, above 7°C), the temperature controller will reduce the power in advance.

[0105] vi. Temperature response

[0106] When T(t)=5℃, the temperature controller will increase the power and gradually raise the temperature to the set value of 7℃.

[0107] PID control reduces power as the temperature approaches the target value to prevent overshoot.

[0108] The adaptive algorithm optimizes power output and avoids power waste by predicting changes in external heat flow in real time.

[0109] vii. Conclusion

[0110] When T(t)=5℃:

[0111] The main goal of the temperature controller is to quickly increase the temperature to the set value (such as 7°C); through PID control, the temperature controller will preliminarily calculate the higher power demand; combined with external heat flow trend prediction and energy optimization, the temperature controller dynamically adjusts the power output to prevent excessive temperature fluctuations; ultimately, the shade temperature will stabilize within the target range of 6℃∼8℃.

[0112] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the disclosure of the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0113] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A star sensor sunshade based on carbon foam and phase change material, characterized in that: include: A carbon foam body, wherein two phase change materials with different melting points are filled in the pores of the carbon foam body; The graphene film is co-cured on the outer surface of the carbon foam body to completely cover the outer surface of the carbon foam body; A heating sheet, the heating sheet is attached to the outer surface of the graphene membrane along the circumference and circumference of the carbon foam body to form different heating areas; Thermistors, which are attached to the outer surface of the graphene film at positions corresponding to each heating area; A multi-layer heat insulation component, which covers the outer surface of the graphene film to which the heating sheet and thermistor are attached; The temperature controller is used to adjust the output power of the heater using an adaptive temperature control algorithm based on the temperature data collected by the thermistor and the state of the phase change material, so as to control the temperature of the star sensor shade within a preset temperature range; the formula for adjusting the output power of the heater using the adaptive temperature control algorithm is: Among them, among them, is the output power of the heater; Preset temperature range for star sensor sunshade; The real-time temperature of the star sensor sunshade is obtained through real-time monitoring of thermistors; is the proportionality coefficient; is the integration coefficient; is the differential coefficient; is the heat flow trend gain coefficient; is the trend function of external heat flow; is the energy consumption optimization coefficient; is the current energy consumption rate.

2. The star sensor sunshade based on carbon foam and phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two phase change materials are gallium-indium eutectic alloy and sodium sulfate hydrate, and the sodium sulfate hydrate is located outside the gallium-indium eutectic alloy.

3. The star sensor sunshade based on carbon foam and phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat insulation pad, through which the bottom of the foam carbon body is connected to the star-sensitive bracket.

4. The star sensor sunshade based on carbon foam and phase change material according to claim 3, characterized in that: Bosses are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the thermal insulation pad, and thermal insulation gaskets are filled between the boss on the upper surface of the thermal insulation pad and the foam carbon body, and between the boss on the lower surface of the thermal insulation pad and the star-sensitive bracket.

5. The star sensor sunshade based on carbon foam and phase change material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thermal insulation pad and the thermal insulation gasket are both made of polyimide materials.

6. The star sensor sunshade based on carbon foam and phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam carbon body is a cylindrical structure, and a KS-ZA white paint coating is sprayed on the position of the inner surface of the foam carbon body corresponding to the inlet.

7. The star sensor sunshade based on carbon foam and phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outermost layer of the multi-layer insulation assembly is F46 material, and the remaining layers are MLI material.

8. The star sensor sunshade based on carbon foam and phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The value range is 0.8~1.2, The value range is 0.1~0.

5. The value range is 0.05~0.2, The value range is 0.5~1.

0. The value range is 0.1~0.3.

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