Feed additive for improving glucolipid metabolism of tilapia and preparation process

Abstract

The invention relates to a feed additive for improving glucolipid metabolism of tilapia and a preparation technology, and belongs to the technical field of feed additives. The feed additive comprises Chinese herbal medicines, seaweed meal, amino acids, an antioxidant and an enzyme preparation. The Chinese herbal medicines turmeric and lotus leaves, seaweed meal, spirulina powder and chlorella powder, amino acid taurine and an antioxidant propyl gallate synergistically improve the glucolipid metabolism of tilapia mossambica through respective action mechanisms, so that the health level and growth performance of tilapia mossambica are improved; the enzyme preparation is gradually released in a proper intestinal pH environment by preparing lipase and amylase microcapsules with good slow release characteristics, so that the digestion efficiency and the nutrition utilization rate of the feed are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and relates to a feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tilapia is a widely farmed freshwater fish that has become an important part of the global aquaculture industry due to its strong adaptability, fast growth rate and high fecundity. Tilapia has tender meat and is rich in high-quality protein, vitamins and minerals. In particular, its low fat and high protein characteristics make it an ideal choice for a healthy diet. Due to its high nutritional value and relatively low price, tilapia is very popular in the global market, especially in developing countries, where it is not only an important source of protein, but also supports local economic development and food security. In addition, tilapia farming has strong adaptability to the environment and can survive in a variety of water conditions, which has enabled its farming to expand rapidly around the world and become the mainstay of the aquaculture industry in many countries.

[0003] However, in the breeding process of tilapia, lipid metabolism problems have become an important factor restricting its growth and health. Under high-density breeding conditions, tilapia often face the problem of excessive fat accumulation, which not only affects the growth efficiency of the fish, but may also lead to a decline in the quality of the fish meat. In addition, excessive fat deposition can cause a series of health problems, such as fatty liver and decreased immunity, thereby increasing the risk of disease. Since the lipid metabolism of tilapia is closely related to the composition of feed, unbalanced nutrients in traditional feeds often lead to lipid metabolism disorders in fish. Therefore, how to regulate the lipid metabolism of tilapia, improve feed utilization, and reduce fat deposition has become one of the main challenges facing the current breeding industry.

[0004] In order to solve the lipid metabolism problem in tilapia farming, the present invention proposes a new idea based on feed additives. By adding specific functional ingredients such as Chinese herbal medicine powder, seaweed powder and enzyme preparations to the feed, the lipid metabolism of tilapia can be effectively improved. These additives can not only regulate the fatty acid synthesis and decomposition pathways in the fish, but also enhance its immune function and improve growth performance. It reduces fat accumulation in tilapia, improves feed conversion efficiency, and better realizes healthy farming of tilapia. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention relates to a feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia and a preparation process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feed additives. The feed additive comprises Chinese herbal medicine, seaweed powder, amino acid, antioxidant and enzyme preparation. The Chinese herbal medicine turmeric and lotus leaf, seaweed powder spirulina powder and chlorella powder, amino acid taurine, and antioxidant propyl gallate synergistically improve the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia through their respective mechanisms of action, and enhance their health level and growth performance; the enzyme preparation is prepared by preparing lipase and amylase microcapsules with good sustained-release properties, which are gradually released in an appropriate intestinal pH environment, thereby enhancing the digestion efficiency and nutrient utilization rate of the feed.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A feed additive for improving tilapia sugar and lipid metabolism comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts by weight of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 40-60 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 5-10 parts by weight of amino acids, 5-10 parts by weight of antioxidants and 2-8 parts by weight of enzyme preparations.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the Chinese herbal medicine powder includes turmeric powder and lotus leaf powder, and the mass ratio of the turmeric powder to the lotus leaf powder is 1:1-2.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the seaweed powder includes spirulina powder and chlorella powder, and the mass ratio of the spirulina powder to the chlorella powder is 1:0.5-1.5.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the amino acid is taurine.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the antioxidant is propyl gallate.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the enzyme preparation comprises lipase and amylase, and the mass ratio of the lipase to the amylase is 1:0.5-1.5.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method of the enzyme preparation is: dissolving lipase and amylase in a phosphate buffer of pH 6-7, and then preparing a 1-5wt% polyacrylic acid resin II solution; mixing the enzyme solution and the polyacrylic acid resin II solution, and ultrasonically treating for 30-60 minutes to form a uniform water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion; slowly dropping a crosslinking agent CaCl into the emulsion; 2 The solution forms a stable microcapsule structure, and the microencapsulated enzyme particles are separated from the solution by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and then freeze-dried to obtain an enzyme preparation.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the CaCl 2The solution concentration is 1-5wt%, and the added amount is 1-2 times the volume of the emulsion.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation process of the feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) Wash and dry turmeric and lotus leaves, put them into a grinder and grind them for 2-3 minutes to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;

[0017] (2) adding seaweed powder and Chinese herbal medicine powder into a mixing device for preliminary mixing;

[0018] (3) Add antioxidants, amino acids and enzyme preparations to the mixture and mix for 30-60 minutes.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] (1) The combination of turmeric and propyl gallate of the present invention can significantly enhance the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities, protect cells from oxidative damage, and improve the metabolic environment; the combination of lotus leaf and taurine can effectively promote fat decomposition and metabolism, and help regulate lipid levels in the body; spirulina powder and chlorella powder provide comprehensive nutritional support, enhance immunity and metabolic efficiency, and promote healthy growth; each component synergistically improves the glucose and lipid metabolism of tilapia through its own mechanism of action, thereby improving its health level and growth performance.

[0021] (2) In the present invention, lipase and amylase are combined with polyacrylic acid resin II to form water-in-oil microcapsules, and then crosslinked with CaCl 2 The solution forms a stable microcapsule structure, allowing lipase and amylase to be gradually released in an appropriate intestinal pH environment, improving feed digestion efficiency and nutrient utilization. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with embodiments.

[0023] In the following examples and comparative examples, the spirulina powder was purchased from Zhongda Hengyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the chlorella powder was purchased from Wudi Lvqi Bioengineering Co., Ltd. with the item number C-PD-1-1; the lipase was purchased from Experimental Valley Information Technology Development Co., Ltd. with the item number L0057; the amylase was purchased from Xiasheng Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. FDY-2215; the polyacrylic acid resin II was purchased from Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with the item number S30569; and the basic feed was purchased from Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd. with the model number floating material 31.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A feed additive for improving tilapia sugar and lipid metabolism comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts by weight of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 50 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 8 parts by weight of amino acids, 8 parts by weight of antioxidants and 5 parts by weight of enzyme preparations.

[0026] The Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises turmeric powder and lotus leaf powder, and the mass ratio of the turmeric powder to the lotus leaf powder is 1:2.

[0027] The seaweed powder includes spirulina powder and chlorella powder, and the mass ratio of the spirulina powder to the chlorella powder is 1:1.

[0028] The amino acid is taurine.

[0029] The antioxidant is propyl gallate.

[0030] The enzyme preparation comprises lipase and amylase, and the mass ratio of the lipase to the amylase is 1:1.

[0031] The preparation method of the enzyme preparation comprises: dissolving lipase and amylase in a phosphate buffer solution of pH 7, and then preparing a 2wt% polyacrylic acid resin II solution; mixing the enzyme solution and the polyacrylic acid resin II solution, and ultrasonically treating for 60 minutes to form a uniform water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion; slowly dropping a crosslinking agent CaCl into the emulsion; 2 The solution forms a stable microcapsule structure, and the microencapsulated enzyme particles are separated from the solution by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and then freeze-dried to obtain an enzyme preparation.

[0032] The CaCl 2 The solution concentration is 4wt%, the added amount is 2 times the volume of the emulsion, the mass ratio of the lipase and amylase to the phosphate buffer is 1:20, and the mass ratio of the enzyme solution to the polyacrylic acid resin II solution is 1:1.

[0033] The preparation process of the feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) Wash and dry turmeric and lotus leaves, put them into a grinder and grind them for 3 minutes to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;

[0035] (2) adding seaweed powder and Chinese herbal medicine powder into a mixing device for preliminary mixing;

[0036] (3) Antioxidants, amino acids and enzyme preparations were added to the mixture and mixed for 60 minutes.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A feed additive for improving tilapia sugar and lipid metabolism comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts by weight of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 40 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 5 parts by weight of amino acids, 5 parts by weight of antioxidants and 5 parts by weight of enzyme preparations.

[0039] The Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises turmeric powder and lotus leaf powder, and the mass ratio of the turmeric powder to the lotus leaf powder is 1:1.

[0040] The seaweed powder includes spirulina powder and chlorella powder, and the mass ratio of the spirulina powder to the chlorella powder is 1:1.5.

[0041] The amino acid is taurine.

[0042] The antioxidant is propyl gallate.

[0043] The enzyme preparation comprises lipase and amylase, and the mass ratio of the lipase to the amylase is 1:1.5.

[0044] The preparation method of the enzyme preparation comprises: dissolving lipase and amylase in a phosphate buffer solution of pH 6, and then preparing a 5wt% polyacrylic acid resin II solution; mixing the enzyme solution and the polyacrylic acid resin II solution, and ultrasonically treating for 30 minutes to form a uniform water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion; slowly dropping a crosslinking agent CaCl into the emulsion; 2 The solution forms a stable microcapsule structure, and the microencapsulated enzyme particles are separated from the solution by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and then freeze-dried to obtain an enzyme preparation.

[0045] The CaCl 2 The solution concentration is 1wt%, the added amount is 1 times the volume of the emulsion, the mass ratio of the lipase and amylase to the phosphate buffer is 1:20, and the mass ratio of the enzyme solution to the polyacrylic acid resin II solution is 1:1.

[0046] The preparation process of the feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Wash and dry turmeric and lotus leaves, put them into a grinder and grind them for 2 minutes to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;

[0048] (2) adding seaweed powder and Chinese herbal medicine powder into a mixing device for preliminary mixing;

[0049] (3) Add antioxidants, amino acids and enzyme preparations to the mixture and mix for 30 minutes.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A feed additive for improving tilapia sugar and lipid metabolism comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts by weight of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 60 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 7 parts by weight of amino acids, 7 parts by weight of antioxidants and 3 parts by weight of enzyme preparations.

[0052] The Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises turmeric powder and lotus leaf powder, and the mass ratio of the turmeric powder to the lotus leaf powder is 1:1.2.

[0053] The seaweed powder includes spirulina powder and chlorella powder, and the mass ratio of the spirulina powder to the chlorella powder is 1:0.5.

[0054] The amino acid is taurine.

[0055] The antioxidant is propyl gallate.

[0056] The enzyme preparation comprises lipase and amylase, and the mass ratio of the lipase to the amylase is 1:0.5.

[0057] The preparation method of the enzyme preparation comprises: dissolving lipase and amylase in a phosphate buffer solution of pH 6 to form an enzyme solution, and then preparing a 5wt% polyacrylic acid resin II solution; mixing the enzyme solution and the polyacrylic acid resin II solution, and ultrasonically treating for 50 minutes to form a uniform water-in-oil emulsion; and dripping a crosslinking agent CaCl into the emulsion. 2 The solution forms a stable microcapsule structure, and the microencapsulated enzyme particles are separated from the solution by centrifugation, washed with deionized water, and then freeze-dried to obtain an enzyme preparation.

[0058] The CaCl 2 The solution concentration is 2wt%, the added amount is 1.2 times the volume of the emulsion, the mass ratio of the lipase and amylase to the phosphate buffer is 1:20, and the mass ratio of the enzyme solution to the polyacrylic acid resin II solution is 1:1.

[0059] The preparation process of the feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) Wash and dry turmeric and lotus leaves, put them into a grinder and grind them for 3 minutes to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;

[0061] (2) adding seaweed powder and Chinese herbal medicine powder into a mixing device for preliminary mixing;

[0062] (3) Antioxidants, amino acids and enzyme preparations were added to the mixture and mixed for 40 minutes.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] On the basis of Example 1, no turmeric powder was added, and only lotus leaf powder was added to the Chinese herbal medicine powder. The amount of lotus leaf powder added was 30 parts by weight, and the rest was consistent with Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] On the basis of Example 1, no lotus leaf powder was added, and only turmeric powder was added to the Chinese herbal medicine powder. The amount of turmeric powder added was 30 parts by weight, and the rest was consistent with Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 3

[0068] On the basis of Example 1, no Spirulina powder was added, and only Chlorella powder was added to the seaweed powder, and the amount of Chlorella powder added was 50 parts by weight. The rest was consistent with Example 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 4

[0070] On the basis of Example 1, no chlorella powder was added, and only spirulina powder was added to the seaweed powder. The amount of spirulina powder added was 50 parts by weight, and the rest was consistent with Example 1.

[0071] Comparative Example 5

[0072] Based on Example 1, the antioxidant propyl gallate was not added, and the rest was consistent with Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 6

[0074] On the basis of Example 1, the amino acid taurine was not added, and the rest was the same as Example 1.

[0075] Comparative Example 7

[0076] On the basis of Example 1, the lipase and amylase are not subjected to sustained-release treatment, the contents of lipase and amylase remain the same as in Example 1, and are directly mixed with the Chinese herbal medicine powder, seaweed powder, taurine and propyl gallate, and the rest remain the same as in Example 1.

[0077] Performance Testing

[0078] The feed additives prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were mixed with the basic feed at 5% and fed to tilapia as a test experiment;

[0079] Before the test, the tilapia fry were pre-fed for 15 days to acclimate to the environment, and were fed with basal feed at 8:00 and 18:00 every day, with a feeding rate of 2%;

[0080] After the pre-feeding, the tilapia fry were randomly divided into 9 groups, 100 fry in each group, and the weight of the tilapia was weighed as the initial body weight. Except for the different feeds, the rest were consistent with the pre-feeding conditions, and the feeding was continued for 56 days;

[0081] After the experiment, the mass of the tilapia was measured and recorded as the final weight, and the growth and growth indicators of the tilapia were tested. The liver-to-body ratio was measured as follows: first, the weight of the tilapia was accurately weighed, and then the tilapia was dissected to remove the liver and the liver weight was weighed using a precision balance; the viscera-to-body ratio was measured as follows: first, the total weight of the tilapia was measured, and then the animal was dissected and all the internal organs of the tilapia were removed and weighed using a precision balance to obtain the visceral mass weight. The calculation method is as follows:

[0082] Weight gain rate (%) = (final weight - initial weight) × 100% / initial weight;

[0083] Fullness(g / cm 3 ) = 100 × fish weight / (fish length) 3 ;

[0084] Liver to body ratio (%) = 100 × liver weight / body weight;

[0085] Visceral to body ratio (%) = 100 × visceral mass weight / body weight.

[0086]

[0087] The test results show that turmeric, lotus leaves, spirulina powder, chlorella powder, propyl gallate and taurine can synergistically improve the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia, enhance its health level and growth performance; by making lipase and amylase into microcapsules, the enzymes can be released slowly and the action time is longer, thereby improving the digestion efficiency and nutrient utilization of feed.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any indirect modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia, characterized in that: The feed additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts by weight of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 40-60 parts by weight of seaweed powder, 5-10 parts by weight of amino acid, 5-10 parts by weight of antioxidant and 2-8 parts by weight of enzyme preparation.

2. A feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises turmeric powder and lotus leaf powder, and the mass ratio of the turmeric powder to the lotus leaf powder is 1:1-2.

3. A feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seaweed powder includes spirulina powder and chlorella powder, and the mass ratio of the spirulina powder to the chlorella powder is 1:0.5-1.

5.

4. A feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amino acid is taurine.

5. A feed additive for improving the sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antioxidant is propyl gallate.

6. A feed additive for improving sugar and lipid metabolism in tilapia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The enzyme preparation comprises lipase and amylase, and the mass ratio of the lipase to the amylase is 1:0.5-1.

5.

7. The feed additive for improving sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia according to any one of claims 2 and 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the enzyme preparation comprises the following steps: dissolving lipase and amylase in a phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 6-7 to form an enzyme solution, and then preparing a 1-5wt% polyacrylic acid resin II solution; mixing the enzyme solution and the polyacrylic acid resin II solution, and ultrasonically treating the mixture for 30-60 minutes to form a uniform water-in-oil emulsion; dripping a crosslinking agent CaCl2 solution into the emulsion to form a stable microcapsule structure, separating microencapsulated enzyme particles from the solution by centrifugation, washing the mixture with deionized water, and freeze-drying the mixture to obtain the enzyme preparation.

8. A feed additive for improving sugar and lipid metabolism in tilapia according to claim 7, characterized in that: The concentration of the CaCl2 solution is 1-5wt%, and the added amount is 1-2 times the volume of the emulsion.

9. A preparation process of a feed additive for improving sugar and lipid metabolism of tilapia according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Wash and dry turmeric and lotus leaves, put them into a grinder and grind them for 2-3 minutes to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder; (2) adding seaweed powder and Chinese herbal medicine powder into a mixing device for preliminary mixing; (3) Add antioxidants, amino acids and enzyme preparations to the mixture and mix for 30-60 minutes.

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