A pig jamming positioning method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to pipeline pig tracking positioning and other technical fields, and particularly relates to a pig jamming positioning method and device, comprising the following steps: step one, connecting the optical fiber vibration detection equipment with the optical fiber in the communication cable laid in the pipeline; step two, the pressurizing equipment keeps continuously inputting medium into the pipeline; step three, the optical fiber vibration detection equipment processes and displays data; step four, the pressurizing equipment starts to slowly increase pressure, and the optical fiber vibration detection equipment records the gradually enhanced vibration signal e; step five, the pressurizing equipment is closed, and the optical fiber vibration detection equipment records the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e; step six, knocking the ground along the pipeline, when the knocking signal position coincides with the recorded position La, the position of the ground knocking at this time corresponds to the jamming position of the pig. The present application greatly reduces the positioning difficulty of the pig jamming, greatly shortens the positioning time, and ensures the safe operation of the pipeline production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pipeline transportation, pipeline pig tracking positioning, and the like, and in particular to a pig jamming positioning method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Oil and gas pipelines bear the transportation task of oil and gas energy resources in China and are known as the arteries of the national economy. In recent years, pipeline transportation has been valued and developed worldwide due to its safety, economy, and speed, and has become one of the five major transportation means, which are on a par with railways, highways, aviation, and water transportation. The development of pipeline transportation is of great significance for petroleum and petrochemical enterprises to further optimize internal crude oil resource allocation, accelerate the use of foreign crude oil resources, reduce operating costs, participate in international competition, and improve the quality of national economic operation.

[0003] Pigging is an important work before the commissioning of long-distance oil and gas pipelines or during the operation of the pipelines, which can ensure the normal operation of the pipelines and improve the transportation efficiency. For a newly built pipeline, the main purpose of pigging is to remove various sundries in the pipeline; for a pipeline that has been put into operation, the purpose is to remove wax, scale, water, and dust. A pig is an important device for pigging, and once a jamming accident occurs, if the jamming position cannot be found in time and quickly and accurately located, the time for troubleshooting will be prolonged, which will affect the normal transportation of oil and gas, and even seriously endanger the safety of the entire pipeline. Therefore, pig tracking and positioning is a necessary technology to ensure the smooth completion of pigging.

[0004] Traditional pig jamming positioning is achieved by using an electromagnetic transmitter carried by the pig, and the jamming position is located by using an electromagnetic receiver. However, this method requires that the electromagnetic receiver can receive the signal of the electromagnetic transmitter of the pig within a range of 20 to 30 meters above the pig in the pipeline. When the pig is jammed, the transmitter needs to be carried to walk along the line to find it. For a pigging section of hundreds of kilometers, the workload is huge, and even if the range is narrowed during tracking, there is still a length of several kilometers, especially for pipeline sections that are difficult to walk in mountainous, hilly, and gully areas, the work difficulty will be greater, and there are safety problems. This method also leads to a long time for locating the jamming, and when the battery of the transmitter is exhausted, the method is no longer applicable, and the pig is "lost". In addition, the electromagnetic transmitter of the pig may also fail, resulting in the inability to locate.

[0005] The existing optical fiber pig tracking and positioning technology also uses a pipeline accompanying optical cable to achieve pig tracking and positioning. This method is to obtain the position of the pig in real time, and when the pig is jammed during operation, it is known that the pig is currently running, i.e., the jamming position. However, for the case where the pig is jammed without using the pipeline accompanying optical cable for tracking, there is nothing that can be done, because all the states of the currently jammed pig are unknown. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a pig jamming position locating method, which can accurately locate, shorten the pig jamming locating time, reduce the loss caused by jamming, and reduce the risk of accidents.

[0007] The technical solution of the present application to solve the above technical problem is as follows: a pig jamming locating method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step one, connect the optical fiber vibration detection device with the optical fiber in the communication optical cable laid in the same ditch as the pipeline;

[0009] Step two, the pressurizing device keeps continuously inputting medium into the pipeline;

[0010] Step three, the optical fiber in the communication optical cable senses the vibration signal along the pipeline, transmits the vibration signal to the optical fiber vibration detection device for data processing and display;

[0011] Step four, the pressurizing device starts to slowly increase the pressure, and the optical fiber vibration detection device records the gradually increasing vibration signal e as the pressure increases;

[0012] Step five, turn off the pressurizing device to stop pressurizing, and the optical fiber vibration detection device records the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e;

[0013] Step six, start from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection device, knock the ground along the pipeline, the optical fiber vibration detection device collects the knocking vibration signal and determines the knocking signal position, when the knocking signal position coincides with the recorded position La, the position corresponding to the position below the ground knocking at this time is the jamming position of the pig.

[0014] The pig jamming locating method of the present application solves the positioning problem after the pig jamming, greatly reduces the positioning difficulty of the pig jamming, greatly shortens the positioning time, reduces the positioning cost of the pig jamming, and ensures the safe operation of the pipeline production; the present application can directly locate the ground position corresponding to the pig jamming position for the buried pipeline, the positioning is accurate, which is beneficial for rapid repair; the pig jamming locating method of the present application is simple and requires fewer operators; for the pipeline with aligned pipeline mileage and optical cable mileage, the present application can quickly complete the positioning after the pig jamming, greatly shortens the positioning time, and ensures the safety of pipeline transportation; the present application does not need to use an electromagnetic transmitter, can realize positioning, and fills the technical gap.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present application can be further improved as follows.

[0016] Further, in the step three, the optical fiber vibration detection device processes the vibration signal and displays it as a time-distance vibration waterfall chart.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the optical fiber vibration detection device displays a time-distance vibration waterfall diagram, which can directly and conveniently determine the vibration position.

[0018] Further, in the time-distance vibration waterfall diagram, the vibration signals at each position are displayed on each column simultaneously according to time and are displayed by moving up, and the time on the upper part is earlier than the time on the lower part.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the display is simple and intuitive, and the detection personnel can understand the vibration position information.

[0020] Further, in the fourth step, the optical fiber vibration detection device records all the detected vibration signals including the gradually enhanced vibration signal e, and the vibration intensity of the gradually enhanced vibration signal e is distinguished by color.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the vibration intensity is intuitively distinguished by color, and it can be intuitively distinguished which vibration signals are enhanced according to the increase of the pressure in the pipeline.

[0022] Further, in the sixth step, the position of the ground knocking is within a range of 5m vertically above the pipeline.

[0023] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is to ensure that a strong enough knocking signal can be received by the optical fiber.

[0024] Further, in the sixth step, the way of knocking the ground is continuous multiple interval knocking in each range.

[0025] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the ground is knocked by multiple interval knocking, which is convenient for intuitively distinguishing the knocking signal on the optical fiber vibration detection device.

[0026] Further, the number of times of knocking the ground in each range is greater than or equal to five.

[0027] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the number of times of knocking the ground in each range is greater than or equal to five, which is convenient for accurately confirming the knocking position.

[0028] Further, the interval time of multiple times of knocking the ground in each range is greater than or equal to 1s.

[0029] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the interval time of multiple times of knocking the ground in each range is greater than or equal to 1s, which is convenient for accurately displaying the interval knocking signal on the optical fiber vibration detection device, thereby facilitating the identification and confirmation of the knocking signal.

[0030] Further, in the sixth step, the ground is knocked by a knocking tool, and the knocking tool includes a hammer.

[0031] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the knocking tool adopts a hammer, which is convenient to carry.

[0032] The present application also provides a device for positioning a pig stuck by using the pig sticking and positioning method.

[0033] A communication optical cable is used for laying in a ditch with a pipeline, and the optical fiber of the communication optical cable is used for sensing a vibration signal of the pipeline along a line.

[0034] An optical fiber vibration detection device is connected with the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, used for receiving the vibration signal transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, and performing data processing and display on the vibration signal.

[0035] A pressurizing device is connected with the pipeline, used for inputting a medium into the pipeline.

[0036] A knocking tool is used for knocking the ground around the pipeline along the line to form a knocking signal.

[0037] The beneficial effect of the above scheme is that the device has a simple structure, does not need to additionally use an electromagnetic transmitter, can solve the positioning problem of the pig stuck, greatly reduces the positioning difficulty of the pig stuck, greatly shortens the positioning time, reduces the positioning cost of the pig stuck, and ensures the safety of pipeline production and operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The figure is a flowchart of the method of the present application.

[0039] Figure 2 The figure is a waterfall chart displayed by the optical fiber vibration detection device in step three of the method of the present application.

[0040] Figure 3 The figure is a waterfall chart displayed by the optical fiber vibration detection device in step four of the method of the present application.

[0041] Figure 4 The figure is a waterfall chart displayed by the optical fiber vibration detection device in step six of the method of the present application.

[0042] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation of the device of the present application.

[0043] In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0044] 1. Pig; 2. Pipeline; 3. Pipeline deformation position; 4. Optical fiber vibration detection device; 5. Communication optical cable; 6. Pressurizing device; 7. Soil; 8. Knocking tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for locating a pig jam. When a pig 1 is running in a pipeline 2, due to factors such as deformation of the pipeline 2, elbows, valves, etc., the pig 1 becomes stuck at the pipeline deformation position 3, elbows, valves, etc., and stays at position A in the pipeline 2. Because the pipeline 2 is buried underground, the ground position B corresponding to the jam of the pig 1 cannot be known at this time.

[0048] A method for locating a pig jam in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0049] S1, connect the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 to the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 laid in the same trench as the pipeline 2, monitor the vibration along the pipeline 2, and generate Figure 2 The waterfall chart shown;

[0050] S2, the pressurizing device 6 keeps feeding the medium into the pipeline 2. When the medium passes through the blocked pig 1, it causes the pig 1 and the pipeline 2 to vibrate. The vibration signal is transmitted through the soil 7 to the communication cable 5.

[0051] S3, the optical fiber in the communication cable 5 senses the vibration signal along the pipeline 2 and transmits the vibration signal to the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 for data processing and display. The signal at the pig 1 is displayed as Figure 2 Signal a in the waterfall diagram shown above is caused by other vibration signals near pipeline 2, as pipeline 2 is long and the monitoring distance is also long. Figure 2 In the waterfall chart, signals b, c, and d are similar to signal a, making it impossible to distinguish which one is the vibration signal at pig 1. Find all vibration signals similar to signal a and regard them as suspected signals of signal a.

[0052] S4, the pressurizing device 6 starts to slowly increase the pressure. As the pressure increases, the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 records the gradually enhanced vibration signal e. Specifically, the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 records all the vibration signals detected including the gradually enhanced vibration signal e, such as Figure 3 As shown, the vibration intensity of the gradually increasing vibration signal e is distinguished by color;

[0053] S5, turn off the pressurizing device 6, stop pressurizing, and the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 records the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e;

[0054] S6, from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection device 4, knocking the ground along the pipeline 2, the position of the knocking ground is within 5m vertically above the pipeline 2, the way of knocking the ground is continuous multiple interval knocking in each range, the number of knocking the ground in each range is greater than or equal to five times, the interval time of multiple knocking the ground in each range is greater than or equal to 1s, the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 collects the knocking vibration signal and determines the knocking signal position, and the waterfall chart of the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 will display the signal f as shown in the figure. Figure 4 When the position of the signal f coincides with the recording position La, the position of the ground knocking at this time corresponds to the blocking position of the pig 1.

[0055] As shown in Figure 2 , 3 , 4 is a display interface composed of time and distance. After algorithm processing, the vibration signals at various positions are displayed on each row according to time and move upward.

[0056] The signals a, b, c and d are signals detected by the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 due to the propagation of the vibration source to the communication optical cable 5 and displayed on the waterfall chart.

[0057] The signal e is a signal with gradually changing signal strength displayed on the waterfall chart when the pressure gradually changes.

[0058] The signal f is a signal generated by knocking the ground with a hammer or other tools. Since the knocking is interval, the signal also appears interval.

[0059] The positions of various signals displayed in the waterfall chart in the embodiment are displayed according to actual conditions. In the embodiment, for the convenience of description, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 In the embodiment, the positions of the signal a, the signal e and the signal f are assumed to be the positions of the pig 1. In actual operation, the signals can be at any position between the signal b, the signal c and the signal d, or after the signal d.

[0060] Embodiment two

[0061] As shown in Figure 5 , the embodiment discloses a pig blocking positioning device, which specifically comprises a communication optical cable 5, the communication optical cable 5 is used to be laid in the same ditch as the pipeline 2, and the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5 is used to perceive the vibration signal along the pipeline 2.

[0062] An optical fiber vibration detection device 4, the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 is connected with the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5, is used to receive the vibration signal transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5, and perform data processing and display on the vibration signal.

[0063] pressurizing equipment 6 connected with the pipeline 2 for inputting medium into the pipeline 2;

[0064] knocking tool 8 for knocking the ground along the pipeline 2 to form a knocking signal.

[0065] In the embodiment, the pig 1 is used for removing impurities in the pipeline 2, and is pushed forward by the oil and gas pressure in the pipeline 2 and pushes the impurities out of the pipeline 2, so as to clean the pipeline 2.

[0066] The pipeline 2 is a pipeline for conveying oil and gas, chemicals and other media, but is not limited to the listed media.

[0067] The pipeline deformation position 3 refers to a deformation position of the pipeline 2 caused by external force and other factors.

[0068] The optical fiber vibration detection equipment 4 refers to equipment connected at one end of an optical fiber, which can detect vibration signals at each distance position of the optical fiber in real time based on the Rayleigh scattering principle, and can locate the vibration position distance from the equipment installation position. The length is the length of the optical cable position.

[0069] The communication optical cable 5 is a communication optical cable 5 laid in the same trench as the pipeline 2, or buried underground with the pipeline 2 and parallel to the pipeline 2, with a distance of not more than 10 m between them.

[0070] The pressurizing equipment 6 refers to equipment for pressurizing the conveying medium, usually a compressor, a pump and the like.

[0071] The soil 7 refers to the soil 7 in which the pipeline 2 is buried or laid.

[0072] The knocking tool 8 refers to a tool for knocking the ground to generate a vibration signal, usually but not limited to a hammer and the like.

[0073] Working principle: connect the optical fiber vibration detection equipment 4 to the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 laid in the same trench as the pipeline 2, monitor the vibration along the pipeline 2, and generate a waterfall chart as shown in Figure 2 The pressurizing equipment 6 maintains a low pressure for conveying medium; when the conveyed medium passes through the blocked pig 1, it will cause the pig 1 and the pipeline 2 to vibrate, and the vibration signal is transmitted to the communication optical cable 5 through the soil 7; the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 senses the vibration signal and transmits the signal to the optical fiber vibration detection equipment 4 for data processing and display, which is shown as signal a in the waterfall chart as shown in Figure 2 Due to the long pipeline 2 line, the monitoring distance is also long, and other common vibration signals near the pipeline 2 may produce Figure 2In the waterfall diagram, signals b, c, and d are similar to signal a, making it impossible to distinguish which one is the vibration signal at the pig 1 position. All vibration signals similar to signal a are found as suspected vibration signals. The pressurizing device 6 starts to increase the pressure slowly. As the pressure increases, the vibration signals generated by pig 1 and pipeline 2 will gradually increase, resulting in the following: Figure 3 The signal e in the waterfall chart gradually becomes darker; Figure 3 In the vibration signal of the waterfall chart, find the signal that meets the color gradient characteristics of signal e, determine it as the vibration signal to be found, and record the optical cable mileage or position La in the waterfall chart; turn off the pressurizing device 6 and stop pressurizing, at which time the vibration signal disappears; because the optical cable mileage is inconsistent with the actual mileage of pipeline 2, the recorded optical cable mileage or position La is not the ground position B corresponding to the blockage of pig 1, and it is necessary to find this position to excavate and remove the blocked pig 1; starting from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection device 4, move along the direction of pipeline 2 within a vertical distance of 5m from pipeline 2, and use Figure 1 The knocking tool 8 knocks the ground, the knocking interval is 1s, the knocking number is greater than 5 times, and the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 waterfall will display as follows Figure 4 When the position where the signal f appears coincides with the recorded position La, the position below the ground tapping corresponds to the stuck position A of the pig 1. The above positioning of the pig 1 is completed.

[0074] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0075] 1) The present invention can locate a pipe cleaning device that does not carry an electromagnetic transmitter or has a transmitter failure, thus filling a technical gap.

[0076] 2) The present invention can locate a stuck pig 1 that has no clear range and is not tracked using the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 .

[0077] 3) The method for locating a pig 1 stuck in the present invention solves the problem of locating the pig 1 after it becomes stuck, greatly reduces the difficulty of locating the pig 1 stuck, greatly shortens the locating time, reduces the cost of locating the pig 1 stuck, and ensures the safe production and operation of the pipeline 2;

[0078] 4) The present invention can locate the location of a stuck pig 1 without resending the pig 1, thereby reducing the risk of the pig 1 becoming stuck again when being resent.

[0079] 5) The present invention can directly locate the buried pipeline 2 at the surface position corresponding to the blocked position of the pig 1, and the positioning is accurate, which is conducive to rapid repair;

[0080] 6) The method for locating a blocked pipe pig 1 of the present invention is simple and requires fewer operators;

[0081] 7) The present application does not need personnel to carry an electromagnetic receiver and walk along the pipeline 2 to find the signal of the electromagnetic transmitter carried by the pipe pig 1, which reduces the working difficulty and risk, especially for the places where personnel cannot or are not easy to enter, such as mountains and hills;

[0082] 8) The present application can quickly complete positioning after the pipe pig 1 is blocked in the pipeline 2, greatly shortens the positioning time, and ensures the safety of the pipeline 2 transportation.

[0083] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "inner", "outer", "peripheral side", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the systems or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0084] In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0085] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0086] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms is not necessarily for the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present application and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0087] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pig sticking and positioning method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: connecting the optical fiber vibration detection device with the optical fiber in the communication optical cable laid in the same ditch as the pipeline; Step 2: the pressurizing device keeps continuously inputting medium into the pipeline; Step 3: the optical fiber in the communication optical cable senses the vibration signals along the pipeline, and transmits the vibration signals to the optical fiber vibration detection device for data processing and display; Step 4: the pressurizing device starts to slowly increase the pressure, and the optical fiber vibration detection device records the gradually enhanced vibration signals e as the pressure increases; Step 5: the pressurizing device is turned off to stop pressurizing, and the optical fiber vibration detection device records the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signals e; Step 6: starting from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection device, knocking the ground along the pipeline, the optical fiber vibration detection device collects the knocking vibration signals and determines the knocking signal position, and when the knocking signal position coincides with the recorded position La, the position corresponding to the position of the ground knocking at this time is the jamming position of the pig.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step 3, the optical fiber vibration detection device processes the vibration signals and displays them as time-distance vibration waterfall charts.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, In the time-distance vibration waterfall chart, the vibration signals at each position are displayed on each column according to time, and are displayed by moving up, with the time on the top being earlier than the time on the bottom.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, In the step 4, the optical fiber vibration detection device records all the detected vibration signals including the gradually enhanced vibration signals e, and the vibration intensity of the gradually enhanced vibration signals e is distinguished by color.

5. The method of claim 1 to 4, wherein, In the step 6, the position of the ground knocking is within a range of 5m vertically above the pipeline.

6. The method of claim 1-4, wherein, In the step 6, the way of knocking the ground is continuous multiple interval knocking in each range.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The number of times of knocking the ground in each range is greater than or equal to five.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein, The interval time of multiple times of knocking the ground in each range is greater than or equal to 1s.

9. The method of claim 1-4, wherein, In the step 6, the ground is knocked by a knocking tool, and the knocking tool comprises a hammer.

10. An apparatus for pigging and positioning by any one of the methods of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method comprises: a communication optical cable for being laid in the same ditch as the pipeline, and the optical fiber of the communication optical cable is used for sensing the vibration signals along the pipeline; an optical fiber vibration detection device connected with the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, used for receiving the vibration signals transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, and performing data processing and display on the vibration signals; a pressurizing device connected with the pipeline, used for inputting medium into the pipeline; a knocking tool used for knocking the ground around the pipeline along the pipeline to form a knocking signal.

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