An industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system and process

Abstract

This invention discloses an industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system, including a pretreatment module, an activation module, a fermentation reaction module, a tailings packaging module, a tail gas treatment module, a wastewater treatment module, a monitoring and control module, and a parameter control module. The parameter control module is used to adjust various parameters during the fermentation and degradation process. The fermentation and degradation reaction temperature is adjusted based on an immune genetic algorithm. A balanced treatment unit dynamically assists a PID control unit to adjust each parameter to a preset value, and then takes corresponding measures to achieve optimal reaction conditions for the fermentation and degradation process. This invention uses a PID controller based on an immune genetic algorithm to adjust the fermentation and degradation reaction temperature. By combining the hazardous waste reduction rate with real-time and precise adjustment of the pH value of the fermentation and degradation reaction, it effectively controls the reaction conditions for the biodegradation of hazardous waste and improves the processing speed of hazardous waste fermentation and degradation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental protection for industrial hazardous waste treatment, specifically referring to an industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system and process. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and new materials, the amount of hazardous waste generated during production is increasing daily. This waste contains organic matter, and improper handling can not only cause serious environmental pollution but also threaten human health. Therefore, developing an efficient and environmentally friendly method for hazardous waste treatment has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for treating this type of hazardous waste include physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods primarily alter the physical state of the waste through separation and concentration, but they cannot fundamentally reduce the quantity of waste or the difficulty of treatment. Chemical methods change the chemical properties of the waste through chemical reactions, but the process may generate new harmful substances and is costly. In contrast, biological methods offer advantages such as environmental friendliness, economy, and efficiency, and have become a research hotspot in recent years.

[0004] Biological methods primarily utilize the metabolic processes of microorganisms to degrade and transform organic matter in waste. However, due to the complex composition of waste generated by the pharmaceutical, chemical, and new materials industries, biological methods face challenges in degrading such wastes. These include the inability to control and regulate the degradation reaction environment temperature in real time, difficulty in controlling the degradation and reaction conditions, and the long fermentation degradation time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the existing technologies, such as the inability to control and adjust the degradation reaction environment temperature in real time, the difficulty in controlling the degradation and reaction conditions of this type of waste, and the long fermentation degradation treatment time, this invention proposes an industrial hazardous waste reduction treatment system and process to improve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] The application is as follows:

[0007] An industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system, characterized in that it includes a pretreatment module, an activation module, a fermentation reaction module, a tailings packaging module, a tail gas treatment module, a wastewater treatment module, a monitoring and control module, and a parameter control module;

[0008] The pretreatment module is used to mechanically dehydrate and crush industrial hazardous waste to obtain hazardous waste materials. The industrial hazardous waste includes at least hazardous sludge, distillation residue and bottom residue, and contains organic matter.

[0009] The activation module is used to activate the compound microbial agent and mix, stir, and activate the compound microbial agent, catalyst, and sawdust to obtain the microbial bed substrate;

[0010] The fermentation reaction module is used to stir and mix hazardous waste materials with microbial bed substrate, so that the organic matter in the hazardous waste materials can be fully degraded and transformed to obtain tailings.

[0011] The tail material packaging module is used to automatically package the reduced tail material;

[0012] The exhaust gas treatment module is used to treat the waste gas generated during the process;

[0013] The wastewater treatment module is used to treat wastewater and condensate from the process.

[0014] The monitoring and control module is used to monitor and control the equipment operating time and ambient temperature during the process. It monitors the parameters of each module by installing temperature sensors, pH sensors, stirring speed sensors, time recorders and weighing instruments.

[0015] The parameter control module is used to adjust various parameters during the fermentation and degradation process, including a PID control unit and an equalization processing unit. The PID control unit is used to adjust the pH value, stirring speed, gas flow rate, and fermentation reaction temperature of the system processing process according to the parameter values ​​obtained by the monitoring and control module, until the parameter values ​​reach the preset values. The adjustment of the fermentation degradation reaction temperature is based on an immune genetic algorithm. The equalization processing unit is used to dynamically assist the PID control unit in taking measures to ensure that each parameter meets the preset values, including fine adjustment of temperature and pH value.

[0016] The fermentation reaction module has a steam coil on its inner wall and four stirring shafts inside, located at the upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right positions respectively. The stirring shafts are hollow to allow steam to pass through. The stirring shafts and steam are controlled by a PID control module, which controls the reaction environment temperature of the fermentation reaction module. The steam coil is connected to a heating and cooling unit, which can be automatically controlled for heating and cooling by the PID control module. The weighing sensor can display the total weight of the fermentation reaction module in real time, and is used to monitor the reduction fermentation degradation status and progress of the fermentation reaction module.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific microbial species in the compound microbial agent include thermophilic Bacillus stearothermophilus photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis, Forest bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, Thiobacillus alphabetana, fungi, and Aspergillus niger. Among them, the photosynthetic bacteria are Rhodopseudomonas, the lactic acid bacteria are Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the fungi are Candida tropicalis strains, with Candida tropicalis strains accounting for 55% and Aspergillus niger accounting for 45%.

[0018] Furthermore, the adjustment of the fermentation degradation reaction temperature is based on an immune genetic algorithm, and the specific process is as follows:

[0019] M1: Parameter encoding. An immune genetic algorithm is used to optimize PID control parameters, converting them into binary digital form. , and The antibody is encoded as an immune genetic algorithm, where , and The three parameters of a PID controller are proportional, weight, and weight. ,integral and differential Three parameters;

[0020] M2: Calculate the fitness function. A key issue in PID control parameter optimization is the selection of the fitness function. The absolute error integral is used as the evaluation index. The fitness function is:

[0021] J = ;

[0022] M3: Update memory cells. Antibody cells with high fitness are retained through the memory function and assigned to the PID controller parameters. Calculate the individual fitness function value and determine the optimal fitness value of the population. If the searched optimal fitness value is less than the optimal fitness value in the immune network, the immune memory starts to search for the optimal value again and uses it as the optimal immune antibody. Otherwise, the already calculated optimal fitness value is added to the antibody memory list.

[0023] M4: Maintaining diversity, adjusting population diversity using selection probability, calculated using the following formula:

[0024] (i) = a *C(1- )+b* ,

[0025] Where a and b are random numbers in the interval [0, 1]. C represents the individual fitness value, and C represents the antibody concentration.

[0026] M5: Crossover operation, where individuals in the population are subjected to crossover at two points. The crossover equation is as follows:

[0027] ,

[0028] in, , For new individuals at the intersection, Generate random numbers in the interval [0, 1].

[0029] M6: Mutation operation, using Gaussian mutation to manipulate the PID controller parameters. The mutation equation is as follows:

[0030] = +λ* *μ(0, 1),

[0031] Where λ is a random number in the interval [0, 1], and μ is the Gaussian operator;

[0032] M7: The algorithm terminates. Compare the fitness function values ​​of two adjacent iterations. If the error meets the condition or the maximum number of iterations is reached, the algorithm terminates. The result is used for real-time parameter adjustment of the PID controller. Otherwise, proceed to step M2.

[0033] Furthermore, the balancing unit is used to take measures to dynamically assist the PID control unit in adjusting various parameters to meet preset values, including temperature fine-tuning specifically including:

[0034] S1: Establish a two-dimensional plane coordinate system with the bottom plane of the fermentation reaction module as the coordinate system, the bottom left corner as (0, 0), the top left corner as the positive direction of the Y-axis, and the bottom right corner as the positive direction of the X-axis. Set four positions a, b, c, and d in sequence, where a is the (0, 0) position, b is the maximum position of the Y-axis, c is the maximum position of the X-axis, and d is the top right corner position.

[0035] S2: A temperature sensor is placed at each of positions a, b, c, and d to obtain the fermentation reaction temperature at that position in real time. The preset optimal fermentation reaction temperature is Q. After the PID controller adjusts the temperature through an immune genetic algorithm, it uses the temperature sensor to judge the difference between the adjusted temperature at positions a, b, c, and d and the preset Q in real time, and sets a temperature threshold P. If the difference is greater than P, the position is stirred with a stirring shaft until the temperature at that position is less than the temperature threshold P within a preset time T. If the temperature threshold is still greater than P within time T, a heating and cooling device is used to cool the position until the temperature is less than the threshold P.

[0036] Furthermore, the balancing unit is used to take measures to dynamically assist the PID control unit in adjusting various parameters to meet preset values, including the fine adjustment of the pH value, which specifically includes:

[0037] L1: A pH sensor is placed at each of positions a, b, c, and d to acquire the pH value of the fermentation reaction at that position in real time. The preset optimal pH value for the fermentation reaction is M, and the preset reduction rate is N. The formula for calculating the reduction rate is: =1- ,in This is the current weight of hazardous waste. The preset weight reduction rate is set based on the average temperature over time T, representing the total weight of hazardous waste before fermentation.

[0038] L2: The preset total time for the fermentation reaction to complete is... ,exist At a certain moment in time Regarding the current reduction rate The difference between the preset reduction rate N and the actual reduction rate is: Set a threshold K and judge. If the value is greater than the threshold K, it indicates that the fermentation reaction module needs to undergo acid and alkali addition operations. The specific acid and alkali addition operations are as follows:

[0039] R1: Get the positions of a, b, c, and d. The average pH value at time t is denoted as follows: , , , Continuously monitor the pH at four locations. Tracking over a period of time, The average pH values ​​at locations a, b, c, and d within the time period are denoted as follows: , , , The preset threshold is ;

[0040] R2: Calculation The average pH values ​​at locations a, b, c, and d within the time period and The difference between the mean pH values ​​at time points is denoted as , , , Judge separately , , , and The size, if at least one value is not Within the specified range, the corresponding location should be stirred evenly and slowly first, after... If the difference in the average pH value is still not within the specified time period, a second tracking process will be performed. Within the specified range, acid and alkali addition operations are performed. The acid and alkali addition is carried out by feeding materials, which are added evenly and slowly through the stirring shaft at this location.

[0041] R3: After the feed is added, the monitoring and control module tracks the reduction rate of the fermentation reaction module in real time. .

[0042] An industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment process includes the following steps:

[0043] S1: Mechanical dehydration and crushing pretreatment of industrial hazardous waste;

[0044] S2: Activate the compound microbial agent and mix and stir the compound microbial agent, catalyst and sawdust to activate it;

[0045] S3: The pretreated industrial hazardous waste is quickly mixed with the activated compound microbial agent, catalyst and sawdust to provide porosity and air permeability, so that it can fully and evenly contact the microorganisms, ensuring the rapid start-up and stable operation of the fermentation process;

[0046] S4: The tailings after degradation and conversion reactions are directly put into packing bags via the tailings packing device;

[0047] S5: Organic waste gas generated during the process is treated with acid mist, alkaline mist and activated carbon adsorption before being discharged.

[0048] S6: Wastewater and condensate generated during the process are treated by pH adjustment, aeration, and ozone oxidation before being discharged or returned to the system for use as condensate.

[0049] A computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the functions of any of the industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment systems described herein.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system and process of the present invention are as follows:

[0051] This invention monitors and controls the equipment's operating time and ambient temperature during the process through a monitoring and control module. Temperature sensors, pH sensors, stirring speed sensors, time recorders, and weighing sensors are installed to monitor the parameters of each module. The parameter control module adjusts various parameters during fermentation and degradation, including a PID control unit and an equalization unit. The PID control unit adjusts the pH, stirring speed, gas flow rate, and fermentation temperature to preset values ​​based on the parameter values ​​obtained from the monitoring and control module. The adjustment of the fermentation and degradation temperature is based on an immune genetic algorithm. The equalization unit dynamically assists the PID control unit in taking measures to ensure that each parameter meets the preset values, thereby achieving an optimal environment for fermentation and degradation, including fine-tuning of temperature and pH. The fermentation reaction module is located on the inner wall... The upper layer is equipped with a steam coil, and inside are four stirring shafts, corresponding to the upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right positions respectively. The stirring shafts are hollow to allow steam to pass through. The stirring shafts and steam are controlled by a PID control module, which controls the reaction environment temperature of the fermentation reaction module. The steam coil is connected to a heating and cooling unit, which can be automatically controlled for heating and cooling by the PID control module. A weighing sensor can display the total weight of the fermentation reaction module in real time, used to monitor the reduction and degradation status and progress of the fermentation reaction module. This invention uses a PID controller based on a genetic algorithm to adjust the fermentation degradation reaction temperature, and by combining the reduction rate of hazardous waste with real-time and precise adjustment of the pH value of the fermentation degradation reaction, it can effectively control the reaction conditions of the biodegradation of hazardous waste and improve the processing speed of hazardous waste fermentation degradation. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of an industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system according to the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a parameter control module diagram of an industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 The flowchart of the process for adjusting the fermentation degradation reaction temperature based on an immune genetic algorithm in an industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system of the present invention is shown below.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the placement of the temperature sensor and pH sensor in an industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system according to the present invention.

[0056] Figure 5 Test record diagram for a hazardous waste reduction and treatment experiment conducted by an environmental protection company in Shandong;

[0057] Figure 6Test record diagram for a hazardous waste reduction and treatment experiment conducted by a pharmaceutical company in Shandong;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of an industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment process according to the present invention.

[0059] Among them, 1-pretreatment module, 2-activation module, 3-fermentation reaction module, 4-tail material packaging module, 5-tail gas treatment module, 6-sewage treatment module, 7-monitoring and control module, 8-parameter control module, 81-PID control unit, and 82-equilibrium treatment unit. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0061] First, the technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained.

[0062] (1) PID control

[0063] PID control is a feedback control mechanism widely used in industrial control systems. It achieves precise control of the system output by combining three basic control actions: proportional, integral, and derivative.

[0064] (2) Immune genetic algorithm

[0065] Artificial Immune Genetic Algorithm (AIGA) is an evolutionary algorithm that simulates the biological immune system. It combines the global search capability of Genetic Algorithm (GA) with the adaptive characteristics of the immune system.

[0066] Immune genetic algorithms are widely used in global optimization problems, such as function optimization, neural network training, and pattern recognition. They exhibit good performance when dealing with multi-peak and multi-objective optimization problems.

[0067] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of an industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system according to the present invention.

[0068] The system includes a pretreatment module 1, an activation module 2, a fermentation reaction module 3, a tailings packaging module 4, a tail gas treatment module 5, a wastewater treatment module 6, a monitoring and control module 7, and a parameter control module 8.

[0069] The pretreatment module 1 is used to mechanically dehydrate and crush industrial hazardous waste to obtain hazardous waste materials. The industrial hazardous waste includes at least hazardous sludge, distillation residue and bottom residue, and contains organic matter.

[0070] The activation module 2 is used to activate the compound microbial agent and mix and stir the compound microbial agent, catalyst and sawdust to obtain microbial bed substrate;

[0071] The fermentation reaction module 3 is used to stir and mix hazardous waste material and microbial bed substrate, so that the organic matter in the hazardous waste material can be fully degraded and transformed to obtain tailings.

[0072] The tail material packaging module 4 is used to automatically package the reduced tail material.

[0073] The exhaust gas treatment module 5 is used to treat the waste gas generated during the process;

[0074] The wastewater treatment module 6 is used to treat wastewater and condensate from the process.

[0075] The monitoring and control module 7 is used to monitor and control the equipment working time and working environment temperature during the process. It monitors the parameters of each module by installing temperature sensors, pH sensors, stirring speed sensors, time recorders and weighing instruments.

[0076] The parameter control module 8 is used to adjust various parameters in the fermentation and degradation process, including a PID control unit 81 and an equalization processing unit 82. The PID control unit 81 is used to adjust the pH value, stirring speed, gas flow rate and fermentation reaction temperature of the system processing process to preset values ​​according to the parameter values ​​obtained by the monitoring and control module 7. The adjustment of the fermentation and degradation reaction temperature is based on an immune genetic algorithm. The equalization processing unit 82 is used to dynamically assist the PID control unit 81 in taking measures to ensure that each parameter meets the preset values, thereby achieving the optimal environment for the fermentation and degradation process, including temperature fine-tuning and pH fine-tuning.

[0077] The fermentation reaction module 3 has a steam coil on its inner wall and four stirring shafts inside, located at the upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right positions respectively. The stirring shafts are hollow to allow steam to pass through. The stirring shafts and steam are controlled by the PID control module 7, which controls the reaction environment temperature of the fermentation reaction module 3. The steam coil is connected to a heating and cooling unit, which can be automatically controlled for heating and cooling by the PID control module. The weighing sensor can display the total weight of the fermentation reaction module 3 in real time, and is used to monitor the reduction fermentation degradation status and progress of the fermentation reaction module 3.

[0078] Example 2, based on the above examples, specifically includes thermophilic Bacillus stearothermophilus photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis, Forest bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycete Thiobacillus alphabetana, fungi, and Aspergillus niger. Among them, the photosynthetic bacteria are Rhodopseudomonas, the lactic acid bacteria are Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the fungi are Candida tropicalis strains, with Candida tropicalis strains accounting for 55% and Aspergillus niger strains accounting for 45%.

[0079] Example 3, based on the above examples, describes the fermentation degradation process as follows:

[0080] When the compound bacteria ferment in full contact with the industrial hazardous waste and oxygen at a specific temperature, the soluble organic matter in the industrial hazardous waste is absorbed by the microorganisms through the cell walls and cell membranes. Solid and colloidal organic matter first attaches to the outside of the microorganisms, and is then decomposed into soluble substances by the extracellular enzymes secreted by the microorganisms before penetrating into the cells. Through their own life activities, the microorganisms carry out oxidation-reduction and biosynthesis, oxidizing some of the absorbed organic matter into simple inorganic substances and releasing the energy required for the growth and activity of the microorganisms. They also convert another part of the organic matter into new cellular material, enabling the microorganisms to grow and reproduce, producing more organisms. In this way, a fixed microbial system is formed, and some toxic substances are transformed. Specifically, the transformation of toxic substances is: the transformation of toxic substance A into toxic substance B, but the toxicity is reduced.

[0081] Example 4, this example is based on the above examples, please refer to... Figure 3 The specific process of adjusting the fermentation degradation reaction temperature based on the immune genetic algorithm is as follows:

[0082] M1: Parameter encoding. An immune genetic algorithm is used to optimize PID control parameters, converting them into binary digital form. , and The antibody is encoded as an immune genetic algorithm, where , and The three parameters of a PID controller are proportional, weight, and weight. ,integral and differential Three parameters;

[0083] M2: Calculate the fitness function. A key issue in PID control parameter optimization is the selection of the fitness function. The absolute error integral is used as the evaluation index. The fitness function is:

[0084] J = ;

[0085] M3: Update memory cells. Antibody cells with high fitness are retained through the memory function and assigned to the PID controller parameters. Calculate the individual fitness function value and determine the optimal fitness value of the population. If the searched optimal fitness value is less than the optimal fitness value in the immune network, the immune memory starts to search for the optimal value again and uses it as the optimal immune antibody. Otherwise, the already calculated optimal fitness value is added to the antibody memory list.

[0086] M4: Maintaining diversity, adjusting population diversity using selection probability, calculated using the following formula:

[0087] (i) = a *C(1- )+b* ,

[0088] Where a and b are random numbers in the interval [0, 1]. C represents the individual fitness value, and C represents the antibody concentration.

[0089] M5: Crossover operation, where individuals in the population are subjected to crossover at two points. The crossover equation is as follows:

[0090] ,

[0091] in, , For new individuals at the intersection, Generate random numbers in the interval [0, 1].

[0092] M6: Mutation operation, using Gaussian mutation to manipulate the PID controller parameters. The mutation equation is as follows:

[0093] = +λ* *μ(0, 1),

[0094] Where λ is a random number in the interval [0, 1], and μ is the Gaussian operator;

[0095] M7: The algorithm terminates. Compare the fitness function values ​​of two adjacent iterations. If the error meets the condition or the maximum number of iterations is reached, the algorithm terminates. The result is used for real-time parameter adjustment of the PID controller. Otherwise, proceed to step M2.

[0096] Example 5, based on the above examples, describes a balancing processing unit 82 that dynamically assists the PID control unit 81 in achieving preset values ​​for each parameter. Specifically, temperature fine-tuning includes:

[0097] S1: Establish a two-dimensional plane coordinate system with the bottom plane of fermentation reaction module 3 as the coordinate system, the bottom left corner as (0, 0), the top left corner as the positive direction of the Y-axis, and the bottom right corner as the positive direction of the X-axis. Set four positions a, b, c, and d in sequence, where a is the (0, 0) position, b is the maximum position of the Y-axis, c is the maximum position of the X-axis, and d is the top right corner position.

[0098] S2: A temperature sensor is placed at each of positions a, b, c, and d to obtain the fermentation reaction temperature at that position in real time. The preset optimal fermentation reaction temperature is Q. After the PID controller adjusts the temperature through an immune genetic algorithm, it uses the temperature sensor to judge the difference between the adjusted temperature at positions a, b, c, and d and the preset Q in real time, and sets a temperature threshold P. If the difference is greater than P, the position is stirred with a stirring shaft until the temperature at that position is less than the temperature threshold P within a preset time T. If the temperature threshold is still greater than P within time T, a heating and cooling device is used to cool the position until the temperature is less than the threshold P.

[0099] Furthermore, the balancing processing unit 82 is used to dynamically assist the PID control unit 81 in taking measures to ensure that each parameter meets the preset value. Specifically, the pH value fine-tuning includes:

[0100] L1: A pH sensor is placed at each of positions a, b, c, and d to acquire the pH value of the fermentation reaction at that position in real time. The preset optimal pH value for the fermentation reaction is M, and the preset reduction rate is N. The formula for calculating the reduction rate is: =1- ,in This is the current weight of hazardous waste. The preset weight reduction rate is set based on the average temperature over time T, representing the total weight of hazardous waste before fermentation.

[0101] L2: The preset total time for the fermentation reaction to complete is... ,exist At a certain moment in time Regarding the current reduction rate The difference between the preset reduction rate N and the actual reduction rate is: Set a threshold K and judge. If the value is greater than the threshold K, it indicates that acid and alkali addition operations need to be performed on fermentation reaction module 3. The specific operations for adding acid and alkali are as follows:

[0102] R1: Get the positions of a, b, c, and d. The average pH value at time t is denoted as follows: , , , Continuously monitor the pH at four locations. Tracking over a period of time, The average pH values ​​at locations a, b, c, and d within the time period are denoted as follows: , , , The preset threshold is ;

[0103] R2: Calculation The average pH values ​​at locations a, b, c, and d within the time period and The difference between the mean pH values ​​at time points is denoted as , , , Judge separately , , , and The size, if not Within the specified range, the corresponding location should be stirred evenly and slowly first, after... If the difference in the average pH value is still not within the specified time period, a second tracking operation will be conducted. Within the specified range, acid and alkali addition operations are performed. The acid and alkali addition is carried out by feeding, specifically by adding urea. The added urea is added evenly and slowly through the stirring shaft at this location.

[0104] R3: After the addition of urea, the monitoring and control module 7 tracks the reduction rate of the fermentation reaction module 3 in real time. .

[0105] Example 6, this example is based on the above examples, please refer to... Figure 7 An industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment process includes the following steps:

[0106] S1: Mechanical dehydration and crushing pretreatment of industrial hazardous waste;

[0107] S2: Activate the compound microbial agent and mix and stir the compound microbial agent, catalyst and sawdust to activate it;

[0108] S3: The pretreated industrial hazardous waste is quickly mixed with the activated compound microbial agent, catalyst and sawdust to provide porosity and air permeability, so that it can fully and evenly contact the microorganisms, ensuring the rapid start-up and stable operation of the fermentation process;

[0109] S4: The tailings after degradation and conversion reactions are directly put into packing bags via the tailings packing device;

[0110] S5: Organic waste gas generated during the process is treated with acid mist, alkaline mist and activated carbon adsorption before being discharged.

[0111] S6: Wastewater and condensate generated during the process are treated by pH adjustment, aeration, and ozone oxidation before being discharged or returned to the system for use as condensate.

[0112] Example 7: An experiment on hazardous waste reduction and treatment was conducted at a pharmaceutical company in Shandong.

[0113] I. Purpose of the experiment:

[0114] (1) The weight of the mixture of hazardous waste sludge, distillation residue and bottom residue was reduced by more than 80% by using compound microbial agents to verify the reliability of the industrial hazardous waste reduction treatment system.

[0115] (2) The reduced material is easier to incinerate and easier to package and transport.

[0116] (3) On the basis of reduction, some toxic substances are degraded and transformed, and some organic matter is degraded;

[0117] (4) The hazardous waste sludge, distillation residue and bottom residue were mixed and treated to verify the treatment effect of the compound microbial agent on the three materials after mixing;

[0118] II. Nature of materials owned by the client:

[0119] This test included hazardous waste sludge, distillation residue, and bottom residue.

[0120] According to the owner's requirements, the weight reduction rate of the three materials should reach about 80%, which will facilitate the next step of incineration.

[0121] III. Testing Process:

[0122] A. Equipment designed to process 500 kg

[0123] B. Hazardous waste sludge test volume: 199.2 kg

[0124] C. The total volume of the distillation residue test was 235.4 kg, consisting of the mother liquor at the bottom of the tank and a mixture of the seven residues.

[0125] D. Test volume of bottom residue: 257 kg of methoxygenated bottom residue (high and low concentrations) and acetonitrile bottom residue.

[0126] Steam pressure: Required 4KG-5KG, actual pressure 4KG.

[0127] Equipment chamber temperature: Required to be 65℃; the degradation temperature of this fermentation reaction needs to be precisely controlled.

[0128] The pH inside the equipment chamber must be 6.9; the pH level required for this fermentation reaction to degrade must be precisely controlled.

[0129] Experimental results:

[0130] Please refer to the test records. Figure 6 In this pilot test, a total of 691.6 kg of materials were input, and 150.7 kg of materials were produced. Due to process requirements, a residue of materials from each pilot test must be retained in the silo. In this pilot test, 82.7 kg of sawdust was input to cultivate the microbial agent; therefore, the sawdust weight was removed, leaving an actual remaining material of 150.7 kg - 82.7 kg = 68 kg. Based on the above calculations, the actual material weight reduction rate was 90.16%. During the entire weight reduction process, most of the organic matter was degraded, and some toxic substances were converted. The PID controller based on the genetic algorithm precisely adjusted the fermentation degradation reaction temperature in real time by combining the hazardous waste material weight reduction rate with the pH value of the fermentation degradation reaction. Compared with not using this temperature and pH adjustment system, the hazardous waste treatment time was shortened by at least 10 hours, ensuring the stable and rapid completion of the entire reaction process, playing a crucial role.

[0131] Example 8: An experiment on hazardous waste reduction and treatment was conducted for an environmental protection company in Shandong.

[0132] I. Purpose of the experiment:

[0133] (1) The weight of the mixture of sludge from the pressurized screw press and high-concentration waste liquid residue was reduced by more than 70% by using compound microbial agents, which verified the technical reliability, safety and practicality;

[0134] (2) The reduced material is easier to incinerate and easier to package and transport.

[0135] (3) On the basis of reduction, some toxic substances are degraded and transformed, and some organic matter is degraded;

[0136] (4) Mix the sludge from the screw press and the high-concentration waste liquid residue to verify the treatment effect of the compound microbial agent on the mixture of the two materials;

[0137] II. Nature of materials owned by the client:

[0138] The samples tested included sludge from screw presses, high-concentration waste liquid residue, and chlorine-containing hazardous waste sludge.

[0139] According to the owner's requirements, the weight reduction rate of the three materials should reach about 70%, which will facilitate the next step of incineration.

[0140] III. Testing Process:

[0141] A. Equipment designed to process 500KG-1000KG

[0142] B. Test volume of *Synthetic sludge* 2000 kg

[0143] C. High-concentration waste liquid residue test quantity: 1200KG

[0144] D. 1000 kg of chlorine-containing hazardous waste sludge

[0145] Steam pressure: 3KG-4KG, actual pressure 3KG;

[0146] Equipment chamber temperature: Required to be 65℃; the degradation temperature of this fermentation reaction needs to be precisely controlled.

[0147] The pH inside the equipment chamber must be 6.9; the pH level required for this fermentation reaction to degrade must be precisely controlled.

[0148] Experimental results:

[0149] Please refer to the test records. Figure 5 A total of 2000KG of sludge was fed into the screw press and 400KG was discharged; 1200KG of high-concentration waste liquid residue was discharged and 84KG was discharged.

[0150] 1000 kg of chlorine-containing hazardous waste sludge was discharged, yielding 625 kg. Due to process requirements, a substrate was already cultivated in the silo. In this pilot test, 2000 kg of screw press mud, 1200 kg of high-concentration wastewater residue, and 1000 kg of chlorine-containing hazardous waste sludge were added, totaling 4200 kg of material. The actual remaining material was 1109 kg. Based on the above calculations, the actual material weight reduction rate was 74%. During the entire weight reduction process, most of the organic matter was degraded, and some toxic substances were converted. A PID controller based on an epidemic genetic algorithm was used to regulate the fermentation degradation reaction temperature. By combining this with the real-time and precise adjustment of the pH value of the fermentation degradation reaction in conjunction with the hazardous waste weight reduction rate, the treatment time for hazardous waste was shortened by at least 10 hours compared to not using this temperature and pH adjustment system. This ensured the stable and rapid completion of the entire reaction process, playing a crucial role.

[0151] The beneficial effects of the industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system and process of the present invention are as follows:

[0152] This invention monitors and controls the equipment operating time and ambient temperature during the hazardous waste reduction process through a monitoring and control module. Temperature sensors, pH sensors, stirring speed sensors, time recorders, and weighing sensors are installed to monitor the parameters of each module. The parameter control module adjusts various parameters during fermentation and degradation, including a PID control unit and an equalization unit. The PID control unit adjusts the pH, stirring speed, gas flow rate, and fermentation reaction temperature to preset values ​​based on the parameter values ​​obtained from the monitoring and control module. The adjustment of the fermentation and degradation reaction temperature is based on an immune genetic algorithm. The equalization unit dynamically assists the PID control unit in taking measures to ensure that each parameter meets the preset values, thereby achieving an optimal environment for the fermentation and degradation process, including fine-tuning of temperature and pH. The fermentation reaction module... The inner wall is lined with steam coils, and four stirring shafts are located inside, corresponding to the upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right positions, respectively. The stirring shafts have a hollow structure design to allow steam to pass through. The stirring shafts and steam are controlled by a PID control module, which controls the reaction environment temperature of the fermentation reaction module. The steam coils are connected to a heating and cooling unit, which can be automatically controlled for heating and cooling by the PID control module. A weighing sensor can display the total weight of the fermentation reaction module in real time, used to monitor the reduction and degradation status and progress of the fermentation reaction module. This invention uses a PID controller based on an epidemic genetic algorithm to adjust the fermentation degradation reaction temperature, and by combining the reduction rate of hazardous waste with real-time and precise adjustment of the pH value of the fermentation degradation reaction, it can effectively control the reaction conditions of the biodegradation of hazardous waste and improve the processing speed of hazardous waste fermentation degradation.

[0153] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive. The accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention. The actual content is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this description and designs a similar structure and embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such design should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system, characterized in that, It includes a pretreatment module (1), an activation module (2), a fermentation reaction module (3), a tailings packaging module (4), a tail gas treatment module (5), a wastewater treatment module (6), a monitoring and control module (7), and a parameter control module (8); The pretreatment module (1) is used to mechanically dehydrate and crush industrial hazardous waste to obtain hazardous waste materials. The industrial hazardous waste includes at least hazardous sludge, distillation residue and bottom residue, and contains organic matter. The activation module (2) is used to activate the compound microbial agent and mix and stir the compound microbial agent, catalyst and sawdust to obtain microbial bed substrate; The fermentation reaction module (3) is used to stir and mix hazardous waste materials and microbial bed substrate, so that the organic matter in the hazardous waste materials can be degraded and transformed to obtain tailings. The tail material packaging module (4) is used to automatically package the reduced tail material; The exhaust gas treatment module (5) is used to treat the waste gas generated during the process; The wastewater treatment module (6) is used to treat wastewater and condensate in the process. The monitoring and control module (7) is used to monitor and control various parameters in the process. It monitors the parameters of each module by installing temperature sensors, pH sensors, stirring speed sensors, time recorders and weighing instruments. The parameter control module (8) is used to adjust various parameters in the fermentation and degradation process, including a PID control unit (81) and a balancing processing unit (82). The PID control unit (81) is used to adjust the pH value, stirring speed, gas flow rate and fermentation reaction temperature of the system processing process according to the parameter values ​​obtained by the monitoring and control module (7) until the parameter values ​​reach the preset values. The adjustment of the fermentation degradation reaction temperature is based on an immune genetic algorithm. The balancing processing unit (82) is used to dynamically assist the PID control unit (81) in taking measures to ensure that each parameter meets the preset values, including temperature fine adjustment and pH fine adjustment. The fermentation reaction module (3) has a steam coil on its inner wall and four stirring shafts inside, corresponding to the upper left, lower left, upper right and lower right positions respectively. The stirring shafts are hollow structures to allow steam to pass through. The control of the stirring shafts and steam is carried out by the monitoring and control module (7). The monitoring and control module (7) controls the reaction environment temperature of the fermentation reaction module (3). The steam coil is connected to the heating and cooling device. The heating and cooling device can be automatically controlled by the monitoring and control module. The weighing sensor can display the total weight of the fermentation reaction module (3) in real time and is used to monitor the reduction fermentation degradation status and progress of the fermentation reaction module (3). The temperature regulation of the fermentation degradation reaction is based on an immune genetic algorithm, and the specific process is as follows: M1: Parameter encoding, using an immune genetic algorithm to optimize PID control parameters, converting PID control parameters into binary digital form, and K... p K i and K d Encoded as an antibody using an immune genetic algorithm, where K p K i and K d The three parameters of a PID controller are proportional K. p Integral K i and differential K d Three parameters; M2: Calculate the fitness function. A key issue in PID control parameter optimization is the selection of the fitness function. The absolute error integral is used as the evaluation index. The fitness function is: M3: Update memory cells. Antibody cells with high fitness are retained through the memory function and assigned to the PID controller parameters. Calculate the individual fitness function value and determine the optimal fitness value of the population. If the searched optimal fitness value is less than the optimal fitness value in the immune network, the immune memory starts to search for the optimal value again and uses it as the optimal immune antibody. Otherwise, the already calculated optimal fitness value is added to the antibody memory list. M4: Maintaining diversity, adjusting population diversity using selection probability, calculated using the following formula: Where a and b are random numbers in the interval [0, 1], F i (i) represents the individual fitness value, and C represents the antibody concentration; M5: Crossover operation, where individuals in the population are subjected to crossover at two points. The crossover equation is as follows: Where X′ and Y are the new individuals created by the intersection, and r is a random number in the interval [0, 1]; M6: Mutation operation, using Gaussian mutation to manipulate the PID controller parameters. The mutation equation is as follows: Where λ is a random number in the interval [0, 1], and μ is the Gaussian operator; M7: The algorithm terminates. Compare the fitness function values ​​of two adjacent iterations. If the error meets the condition or the maximum number of iterations is reached, the algorithm terminates. The result is used for real-time parameter adjustment of the PID controller. Otherwise, proceed to step M2. The equalization processing unit (82) is used to take measures to dynamically assist the PID control unit (81) in adjusting each parameter to meet the preset value, wherein the temperature fine adjustment specifically includes: S1: Establish a two-dimensional plane coordinate system with the bottom plane of the fermentation reaction module (3) as the coordinate system, the lower left corner as the coordinate system (0, 0), the upper left corner as the positive direction of the Y-axis, and the lower right corner as the positive direction of the X-axis. Set four positions as a, b, c, d in sequence, where a is the (0, 0) position, b is the maximum position of the Y-axis, c is the maximum position of the X-axis, and d is the upper right corner position. S2: A temperature sensor is placed at each of positions a, b, c, and d to obtain the fermentation reaction temperature at that position in real time. The preset optimal fermentation reaction temperature is Q. After the PID controller adjusts the temperature through an immune genetic algorithm, it uses the temperature sensor to judge the difference between the adjusted temperature at positions a, b, c, and d and the preset Q in real time, and sets a temperature threshold P. If the difference is greater than P, the stirring shaft is used to stir the position until the temperature at that position is less than the temperature threshold P within a preset time T. If the temperature threshold is still greater than P within time T, a heating and cooling device is used to cool the position until the temperature is less than the threshold P. The balancing processing unit (82) is used to take measures to dynamically assist the PID control unit (81) in adjusting each parameter to meet the preset value, wherein the fine adjustment of the pH value specifically includes: L1: A pH sensor is placed at each of positions a, b, c, and d to acquire the pH value of the fermentation reaction at that position in real time. The preset optimal pH value for the fermentation reaction is M, and the preset reduction rate is N. The formula for calculating the reduction rate is: Where α is the current weight of hazardous waste, β is the total weight of hazardous waste before fermentation, and the preset reduction rate is set based on the average temperature over time T. L2: The total time for the fermentation reaction to complete is preset to T1. At a certain moment T within time T1... i The difference between the current reduction rate N1 and the preset reduction rate N is calculated as N2. A threshold K is set, and it is determined whether N2 is greater than the threshold K. If it is greater, it means that acid and alkali need to be added to the fermentation reaction module (3). The specific operation of adding acid and alkali is as follows: R1: Get the positions T of a, b, c, and d i The mean pH value at time t is denoted as K. a K b K c K d The pH values ​​at four locations were continuously tracked over a time interval of T2. The average pH values ​​at locations a, b, c, and d during the T2 time interval were denoted as K′. a , K′ b , K′ c , K′ d The preset threshold is K1; R2: Calculate the difference between the mean pH at positions a, b, c, and d during time period T2 and the mean pH at time Ti, and denot it as K'. a1 K' b1 K' c1 , K′ d1 Determine K′ respectively a1 K' b1 K' c1 , K′ d1 If at least one value is outside the range of K1, the corresponding position is first stirred evenly and slowly. After a time period of T3, a second tracking process is performed. If the difference in the average pH value is still outside the range of K1, acid and alkali are added. The acid and alkali are added by feeding material, which is added evenly and slowly through the stirring shaft at that position. R3: After the feed is added, the monitoring and control module (7) tracks the reduction rate N1 of the fermentation reaction module (3) in real time.

2. An industrial hazardous waste reduction process using the industrial hazardous waste reduction system of claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1: Mechanical dehydration and crushing pretreatment of industrial hazardous waste; S2: Activate the compound microbial agent and mix and stir the compound microbial agent, catalyst and sawdust to activate it; S3: The pretreated industrial hazardous waste is quickly mixed with the activated compound microbial agent, catalyst and sawdust to provide porosity and air permeability, so that it can fully and evenly contact the microorganisms, ensuring the rapid start-up and stable operation of the fermentation process; S4: The tailings after degradation and conversion reactions are directly put into packing bags via the tailings packing device; S5: Organic waste gas generated during the process is treated with acid mist, alkaline mist and activated carbon adsorption before being discharged. S6: Wastewater and condensate generated during the process are treated by pH adjustment, aeration, and ozone oxidation before being discharged or returned to the system for use as condensate.

3. A computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein, When executed by the processor, the program is used to implement the functions of the industrial hazardous waste reduction and treatment system described in claim 1.

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