Self-centering interference-free flange type clamping machining device

Abstract

The application discloses a self-centering anti-interference flange type clamping mechanical machining device, and relates to the technical field of clamping devices for mechanical machining. The device solves the problem of interference between a positioning element and a radial positioning surface during machining after radial positioning is realized. The device comprises a clamping body, an axial positioning assembly is fixed at the front end of the clamping body, a self-centering assembly capable of moving in the axial and radial directions is arranged on the clamping body, and the positioning surface of the axial positioning assembly and the positioning end of the self-centering assembly are respectively used for axial positioning and centering positioning of a workpiece. The self-centering assembly is connected with an axial pushing mechanism, the axial pushing mechanism is used for driving the self-centering assembly to slide in the axial direction, so that the positioning end of the self-centering assembly extends or retracts relative to the positioning surface of the axial positioning assembly in the axial direction; a radial expansion mechanism is arranged on the clamping body, and the radial expansion mechanism is used for driving the self-centering assembly to expand or contract in the radial direction. The self-centering assembly and the axial pushing mechanism are added on the basis of the flange clamping, the self-centering function of the clamp and the anti-interference function of the positioning element are realized, and the production efficiency of products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of clamping devices for machining, and in particular to a self-centering, interference-resistant flange-type clamping machining device. Background Technology

[0002] Flange clamping is a commonly used clamping method in machining. A special perforated flange fixture is fixed to the lathe spindle chuck or machine tool worktable. While ensuring the positional accuracy of the fixture end face and positioning elements, the workpiece is aligned with the reference datum and then bolted to the flange fixture for machining of the hole diameter, end face, outer circle and other parts of the product.

[0003] This type of clamping method is mainly used in the production and machining of parts with thin walls, poor rigidity, and high requirements for roundness, coaxiality, and parallelism of inner and outer diameters and two end faces. Examples include silicon carbide wafer thinning grinding wheel substrates, single-crystal silicon rough grinding wheel substrates, tool peripheral grinding wheel substrates, and parts such as housings, flanges, hydraulic cylinders, and bushings in mechanical equipment. A common problem with these parts is their thin radial wall thickness and large diameter-to-wall-thickness ratio, which easily leads to radial deformation, dimensional deviations, and the inability to apply radial force during clamping. Flange clamping, through bolted connections, achieves axial force clamping and fixation of the workpiece, avoiding workpiece deformation caused by radial force in common clamping methods such as three-jaw and four-jaw chucks, thus ensuring the product's machining technical requirements are met.

[0004] Currently, there are two clamping methods for flanges: with radial positioning and without radial positioning. Clamping with radial positioning typically involves a workpiece with a radial positioning datum. The flange fixture is designed with positioning steps, which are used for radial positioning to ensure the workpiece's position on the machine tool is fixed. This type of clamping avoids alignment time and has high clamping efficiency. However, due to the influence of the positioning steps, it is impossible to perform simultaneous clamping and machining of the positioning surface and other machining areas, thus requiring additional processes and tooling fabrication, affecting machining efficiency. Furthermore, the positioning datum must be precision-machined before machining to ensure dimensional accuracy and meet positioning requirements. For parts without dimensional accuracy requirements, a specially designed positioning datum is needed to meet positioning requirements, further increasing machining difficulty, reducing machining efficiency, and increasing production costs.

[0005] In clamping methods without radial positioning, the clamping flange lacks radial positioning steps, and the workpiece is directly threaded onto the fixture. Before tightening, the datum needs to be aligned using a calibrator or dial indicator to ensure radial runout meets process requirements. Because there is no radial positioning, alignment is required for each installation, resulting in longer processing auxiliary time and lower processing efficiency. However, it has lower requirements for the accuracy of the positioning datum, eliminating the need for additional positioning datum machining steps and excessively high dimensional accuracy, thus reducing processing difficulty. Furthermore, it allows for single-clamp machining of hole diameters, outer circles, and end faces (excluding the positioning end face), reducing the number of production steps and auxiliary tooling design.

[0006] The two currently used flange clamping methods have two drawbacks: one increases processing difficulty and the number of processing steps, while the other increases alignment auxiliary time, both of which prolong the overall production process and increase manufacturing costs. The root cause of the defects in both clamping methods is that the method without radial positioning cannot achieve radial position determination, while the positioning element with radial positioning interferes with subsequent processing of the workpiece's positioning reference area. Therefore, both clamping methods have defects and affect production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a self-centering, interference-resistant flange clamping machining device, which solves the problem that existing clamping devices cannot simultaneously achieve radial and axial positioning. It also resolves the issue of interference between the positioning element and the radial positioning surface during machining after radial positioning is achieved in existing technologies.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A self-centering anti-interference flange clamping machining device includes a clamping body, an axial positioning component fixedly provided at the front end of the clamping body, and a centering component that can move axially and radially on the clamping body. The positioning surface of the axial positioning component and the positioning end of the centering component are used for axial positioning and centering positioning of the workpiece, respectively. The centering component is connected to an axial pushing mechanism, which is used to drive the centering component to slide axially, so that the positioning end of the centering component extends or retracts relative to the positioning surface of the axial positioning component in the axial direction. The clamping body is provided with a radial spreading mechanism, which is used to drive the centering component to expand or retract radially.

[0009] Preferably, the centering component includes several circumferentially formed sliding grooves I on the clamping body. The sliding grooves I are arranged along the axial direction of the clamping body. A push slider is slidably provided on the sliding grooves I. The push slider cooperates with the axial pushing mechanism. The push slider is provided with a clamping seat. The clamping seat is provided with a positioning post. The axis of the positioning post is parallel to the sliding direction of the push slider and can slide along the radial direction of the clamping body on the clamping seat.

[0010] Preferably, the axial pushing mechanism includes an axial pushing sleeve rotatably disposed on the outside of the clamping body, a pushing guide post fixedly disposed on the pushing slider, and a plurality of inclined grooves respectively cooperating with the pushing guide post on the axial pushing sleeve; when the axial pushing sleeve rotates, the pushing slider can be slid by utilizing the cooperation between the inclined grooves and the pushing guide post, thereby driving the end of the positioning post to pass through or retract along the axial direction to the positioning surface of the axial positioning component.

[0011] Preferably, the axial push sleeve is connected to an axial push sleeve handle, the axial push sleeve handle is provided with a positioning sleeve, and the axial push sleeve handle is provided with a spring that cooperates with the positioning sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the radial expansion mechanism includes a radial push disk rotatably disposed on the outside of the clamping body, the radial push disk having a plurality of spiral grooves circumferentially provided, and positioning posts respectively passing through the spiral grooves; a radial push disk handle is connected to the radial push disk.

[0013] Preferably, the axial positioning assembly includes a clamping support plate fixedly connected to the clamping body, and an axial positioning ring is connected to the clamping support plate, wherein the outer wall of the axial positioning ring is an axial positioning surface.

[0014] Preferably, the clamp support plate is provided with a sliding groove II, the sliding groove II is arranged along the radial direction of the clamp support plate, and a radial slider is slidably provided on the sliding groove II. The radial slider is provided with a through hole to allow the positioning post to pass through, and protective blocks are provided on both sides of the radial slider.

[0015] Preferably, the clamp body is externally connected to a clamp protective cover, and the clamp protective cover is provided with long grooves to satisfy the operation of the axial pushing mechanism and the radial spreading mechanism. The long grooves are slidably provided with arc-shaped protective covers for cooperating with the axial pushing mechanism or the radial spreading mechanism respectively. The arc-shaped protective covers are provided with long waist holes, and bolts connected to the clamp protective cover are passed through the long waist holes to achieve sliding guidance. The end of the long groove is provided with a round hole.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping body includes a transition flange, a positioning flange, and a clamping base arranged coaxially. The clamping base is provided with a shoulder for cooperating with an axial pushing mechanism, and the transition flange is provided with a tapered hole, a plane, or a clamping step for cooperating with a machine tool.

[0017] Preferably, the clamp protective cover and axial positioning assembly are provided with connecting holes for connecting the workpiece by bolts.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: By setting the clamping body, a support foundation for installation and connection of the entire device is provided; the axial positioning component enables axial positioning of the workpiece during clamping; the axial pushing mechanism cooperates with the centering component to push the centering component out of the positioning surface of the axial positioning component during the centering process, and cooperates with the radial spreading mechanism to expand the centering component, so as to cooperate with the workpiece for centering operation. After centering is completed and the workpiece is fastened, it can be retracted to the inside of the positioning surface of the axial positioning component, eliminating machining interference to the positioning surface of the workpiece.

[0019] This invention innovatively adds a centering component and an axial pushing mechanism to the flange clamping system, combining the advantages of two existing clamping methods. It achieves self-centering of the clamp and anti-interference function of the positioning elements, effectively improving product manufacturing efficiency. Specifically, it is reflected in: 1. Less production auxiliary time: The self-centering function of this device enables the fixture to self-center, which reduces the workpiece alignment time and improves production efficiency compared to flange fixtures without radial positioning.

[0020] 2. Fewer production steps: The centering component of this device achieves the function of retraction and anti-interference under the drive of the axial pushing mechanism, eliminating the machining interference of the positioning element on the positioning surface. Compared with the fixture with radial positioning, which requires additional steps to process the positioning surface, this device reduces the number of production steps and improves production efficiency.

[0021] 3. High positioning accuracy: The centering component of this device drives the positioning column 33 to move synchronously in the radial direction through the spiral groove of the radial expansion mechanism, so as to realize the variable positioning size. Compared with the traditional positioning step hole shaft matching positioning, it reduces the decrease in positioning accuracy caused by the change of workpiece positioning reference size and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0022] 4. Applicable to a wide range of products: This device has a wide positioning range and flexible adjustment, which can meet the clamping requirements of similar products of various specifications. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA section; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the CC section; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial pushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the D-direction structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the centering component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the axial pushing mechanism of the present invention; In the diagram: 1: Clamp body; 11: Transition flange; 12: Positioning flange; 13: Fixture base; 131: Shoulder; 2: Axial positioning assembly; 21: Fixture bearing plate; 22: Axial positioning ring; 3. Centering component; 31: Push slider; 32: Clamping part; 33: Positioning pin; 4: Axial drive mechanism; 41: Axial push sleeve; 42: Push guide post; 43: Inclined groove; 44: Axial push sleeve handle; 45: Positioning sleeve; 46: Spring; 5: Radial expansion mechanism; 51: Radial pusher disc; 52: Spiral groove; 53: Radial pusher disc handle; 54: Radial slider; 55: Protective block; 6: Clamp protective cover; 61: Arc-shaped protective cover; 62: Long waist-shaped hole; 63: Bolt; 64: Long groove; 65: Round hole; 7: Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in Embodiment 1, a self-centering, interference-resistant flange-type clamping machining device includes a clamping body 1, which provides a support foundation for the entire device's installation and connection. An axial positioning component 2 is fixedly mounted at the front end of the clamping body 1, enabling axial positioning of the workpiece 7 during clamping. A centering component 3, movable axially and radially, is provided on the clamping body 1. The positioning surface of the axial positioning component 2 and the positioning end of the centering component 3 are used for axial positioning and centering positioning of the workpiece 7, respectively.

[0027] The centering component 3 is connected to the axial pushing mechanism 4. The axial pushing mechanism 4 drives the centering component 3 to slide axially, thereby causing the positioning end of the centering component 3 to extend or retract relative to the positioning surface of the axial positioning component 2 in the axial direction. The clamping body 1 is provided with a radial spreading mechanism 5, which drives the centering component 3 to expand or retract radially. In this embodiment, by cooperating with the centering component through the axial pushing mechanism, the centering component is pushed out of the positioning surface of the axial positioning component during the centering process, and the radial spreading mechanism expands the centering component to achieve centering and alignment with the workpiece. After centering is completed and the workpiece is secured, it can retract to the inside of the positioning surface of the axial positioning component to avoid machining interference with the workpiece.

[0028] In a further specific embodiment, the clamping body 1 includes a transition flange 11, a positioning flange 12, and a clamping base 13 coaxially arranged. Specifically, in this embodiment, the parallelism between the two ends of the transition flange 11 is preferably less than 0.003 mm. The positioning flange is used for connection and positioning between the clamping base 13 and the transition flange 11, and is bolted to the transition flange 11 with a hole-shaft fit to ensure positioning accuracy. The positioning flange 12 is bolted to the clamping base 13 with a hole-shaft fit.

[0029] The transition flange 11 is tapered with the machine tool spindle or clamped and aligned by the machine tool chuck, ensuring that the axis of the transition flange 11 is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the machine tool. The transition flange 11 and the positioning flange 12 are fitted with a hole and shaft to ensure the centering accuracy. Similarly, the positioning flange 12 and the fixture base 13 are fitted with a hole and shaft, and the fit clearance is preferably less than 0.01mm to ensure the radial positioning of the fixture.

[0030] As a further alternative, the transition flange 11 is used for connection with the machine tool, and the transition flange 11 is provided with a tapered hole, a flat surface, or a clamping step for mating connection with the machine tool.

[0031] Specifically, when applied to machine tools such as boring machines and milling machines, the transition flange 11 is used to connect with the machine tool worktable. One end of the transition flange 11 is designed as a flat surface, and the other end is designed with a positioning stepped hole that mates with the hole and shaft of the positioning flange 12. The hole and shaft mate between the transition flange 11 and the positioning flange 12 has a clearance of less than 0.01mm. It is tightened by a pressure plate or directly tightened with bolts, and the end face of the transition flange 11 is ensured to be parallel or perpendicular to the machine tool worktable.

[0032] When used in lathe applications, it can be connected to the machine tool spindle or clamped by a chuck. When connected to the lathe spindle, a tapered hole is provided at the axis of the transition flange. The transition flange 11 mates with the Morse taper of the spindle to ensure positioning accuracy, and is bolted to the machine tool spindle flange for tightening. One end of the transition flange 11 is designed with a tapered hole and bolt mounting hole corresponding to the spindle taper, and the other end is designed with a positioning stepped hole that mates with the hole and shaft of the positioning flange 12. The clearance between the hole and shaft of the transition flange 11 and the positioning flange 12 is less than 0.01mm, and the coaxiality of the tapered hole and the positioning stepped hole is preferably less than 0.003mm.

[0033] When using a chuck for clamping, one end of the transition flange 11 is designed with a clamping step, and the other end is a flat surface. After the transition flange 11 is clamped by the chuck, the end face needs to be machined or aligned online to ensure that the runout of the end face of the transition flange 11 and the radial runout of the positioning step are maintained.

[0034] Example 2, based on Example 1, such as Figure 3 , 4As shown in Figure 7, the centering component 3 includes several circumferentially formed grooves I on the clamp base 13 of the clamp body 1. The grooves I are arranged along the axial direction of the clamp body 1. A push slider 31 is slidably mounted on the grooves I. The push slider 31 cooperates with the axial pushing mechanism 4. A clamping seat portion 32 is provided on the push slider 31. The clamping seat portion 32 is provided with a positioning post 33. The positioning post 33 is a cylinder with a surface roughness preferably less than Ra1.6. The axis of the positioning post 33 is parallel to the sliding direction of the push slider 31 and can slide radially along the clamp body 1 on the clamping seat portion 32.

[0035] In this embodiment, the push slider 31 and the clamping seat 32 are arranged in an L-shape. The groove I is T-shaped. The center line of the groove I is parallel to the axis of the clamping base 13 and located on the axial symmetry plane. The bottom width and height of the groove I are greater than the corresponding dimensions of the push slider 31 that is installed with it. The fit gap is preferably 0.1mm~0.15mm to achieve a sliding connection. Under the drive of the axial pushing mechanism, the push slider can slide in the groove.

[0036] The clamping part 32 has a U-shaped groove with its opening radially aligned. A groove is designed on the outer wall of one end of the positioning post 33. The width of the groove's end face is slightly greater than the wall thickness of the U-shaped groove end of the clamping part 32, with a preferred clearance of 0.1mm to 0.18mm. The width of the groove bottom is slightly smaller than the width of the U-shaped groove, with a preferred clearance of 0.1mm to 0.15mm. The groove of the positioning post and the U-shaped groove of the pushing slider form a sliding connection, allowing it to slide outward or retract under the action of the radially expanding mechanism 5. This enables the positioning post 33 to move radially while simultaneously moving axially, preventing interference between the positioning post 33 and the pushing slider during radial movement.

[0037] Example 3, based on Example 2, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 8, the axial pushing mechanism 4 includes an axial pushing sleeve 41 rotatably disposed on the outside of the fixture base 13 of the fixture body 1. The axial pushing sleeve 41 is designed as a thin-walled sleeve, with a preferred wall thickness of 12mm to 14mm. The fixture base 13 is provided with a shoulder 131 for engaging with one end of the axial pushing sleeve 41. The shoulder is used to limit the axial position of the axial pushing sleeve. The axial pushing sleeve 41 is clearance-fitted with the hole in the fixture base 13, with a preferred clearance of 0.1mm to 0.15mm. The other end of the axial pushing sleeve 41 is axially positioned by a positioning flange 12, fixing the axial position of the axial pushing sleeve and enabling free circumferential rotation.

[0038] The push slider 31 is fixedly provided with a push guide post 42, and the axial push sleeve 41 is provided with several inclined grooves 43 that respectively cooperate with the push guide post 42. The number and position of the inclined grooves 43 correspond to those of the sliding groove I. When the axial push sleeve 41 rotates, the cooperation between the inclined grooves 43 and the push guide post 42 can make the push slider 31 slide, thereby driving the end of the positioning post 33 to pass through or retract along the axial direction of the positioning surface of the axial positioning assembly 2. This allows the positioning post 33 to exit the interference position after the workpiece positioning and fastening is completed, avoiding any impact on the processing of the workpiece.

[0039] As a further implementation method, such as Figure 5 As shown, an axial push sleeve handle 44 is connected to the axial push sleeve 41. The axial push sleeve handle 44 is provided with a positioning sleeve 45, and a spring 46 that cooperates with the positioning sleeve 45 is provided on the axial push sleeve handle 44. The axial push sleeve handle 44 is threadedly connected to the axial push sleeve 41. During the positioning process, the axial push sleeve handle is operated to provide power for the rotation of the axial push sleeve.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer circumference of the axial push sleeve 41 is designed with three evenly distributed inclined grooves 43. The starting and ending points of the center lines of the three inclined grooves 43 are equidistant from the same end face of the axial push sleeve, and the dimensional tolerance is preferably less than 0.02 mm. The center lines of the three inclined grooves form positive angles with the axis of the axial push sleeve 41 and are equal, preferably 5°~7°. The inclined grooves 43 penetrate the axial push sleeve 41 radially. The push guide post 42 is threadedly connected to the push slider 31. The three push guide posts 42 are respectively inserted into the three inclined grooves 43. When the axial push sleeve 41 rotates, the push guide post 42 slides along the inclined groove 43. In this embodiment, the axial push stroke of the inclined groove 43 is 6.5 mm~8 mm. Under the degree of freedom limitation of the slider guide pair composed of the push slider 31 and the groove I of the fixture base 13, the push guide post 42 moves axially along the fixture base 13 to generate axial power.

[0041] In Example 4, based on Example 3, the radially expanding mechanism 5 includes a radially pushing disk 51 rotatably disposed on the outside of the clamp body 1. The radially pushing disk 51 has several spiral grooves 52 circumferentially arranged, and positioning pins 33 are respectively inserted into the spiral grooves 52, with a fitting clearance of 0.1mm to 0.15mm. A radially pushing disk handle 53 is connected to the radially pushing disk 51. Specifically, in this example, the radially pushing disk 51 is installed on the positioning step of the clamp base 13 and is fitted with the clamp base 13 by a hole-shaft engagement. The fitting clearance is preferably less than 0.015mm, which meets the radial positioning accuracy while allowing free rotation. One end of the radially pushing disk is positioned axially by a shoulder, and the other end is axially positioned by the clamp bearing disk of the axial positioning assembly 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, three helical grooves are evenly distributed on the end face of the radial push disk 51. The three helical grooves have equal arc lengths, with a preferred arc length tolerance of less than 0.01 mm. The starting and ending points of the center line are equidistant from the central axis of the radial push disk, with a preferred distance tolerance of less than 0.012 mm. The pitch of the three helical grooves is equal, with a preferred error of less than 0.01 mm, and the groove depth penetrates the radial push disk. The positioning pins 33 are installed in the helical grooves with a clearance fit. The diameters of the three positioning pins 33 are consistent with a tolerance of less than 0.006 mm.

[0043] In Example 5, based on Example 4, the axial positioning assembly 2 includes a fixture support plate 21 fixedly connected to the fixture body 1. An axial positioning ring 22 is connected to the fixture support plate 21, and the outer wall of the axial positioning ring 22 is an axial positioning surface. The axial positioning ring 22 is used to position the end face of the workpiece being processed. It is bolted to the fixture support plate 21. Preferably, its shape is a circular ring with the same inner and outer diameter as the positioning surface of the workpiece or 1-3 mm larger. As an optional option, the axial positioning ring can be composed of multiple semi-circular segments arranged in a ring shape.

[0044] As a further embodiment, a groove II is provided on the fixture support plate 21. The groove II is arranged along the radial direction of the fixture support plate 21 and is a U-shaped groove. A radial slider 54 is slidably mounted on the groove II. The radial slider 54 has a through hole for the positioning pin 33 to pass through. The positioning pin 33 and the through hole have a small hole-shaft fit clearance, preferably less than 0.01mm, which satisfies both the fixture positioning accuracy requirements and the requirement for the positioning pin 33 to move freely axially within the hole. When the slider is pushed to move axially, it can drive the end of the positioning pin 33 to pass through or retract into the through hole on the radial slider 54, eliminating interference with workpiece machining. Specifically, the extension stroke of the positioning pin 33 when it passes through or retracts from the radial slider 54 is at least 5mm~6mm and 0.2mm~1mm.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the fixture support plate 21 supports the axial positioning ring 22 and the radial slider 54 to achieve axial positioning and radial centering. One end of the fixture support plate has a positioning step that mates with the hole in the fixture base 13, providing end-face positioning. The two end faces are bolted together and tightened. The fixture base 13 supports the radial pushing plate, the pushing slider, the axial pushing sleeve, and connects the fixture support plate and the positioning flange, mates with the bolt holes of the fixture support plate and the positioning flange. The fixture support plate provides an mounting carrier for the radial slider, the fixture protective cover, and the axial positioning ring.

[0046] When the radial push disk 51 rotates, the spiral groove drives the positioning pin 33 to slide along the groove. The positioning pin moves radially under the degree of freedom of the slider guide pair composed of the radial slider 54 and the groove II of the fixture bearing disk. The radial movement of the positioning pin 33 realizes the radial tightening and loosening of the positioning surface of the workpiece's inner hole, completing the radial centering and positioning of the workpiece.

[0047] As a further embodiment, protective blocks 55 are provided on both sides of the radial slider 54. The protective blocks 55 are used to seal the gap between the radial slider 54 and the groove II of the clamping bearing plate 18.

[0048] As a further optional embodiment, the radial slider is slidably connected to the fixture support plate. A groove is designed between the two ends of the radial slider, and the distance between the bottom of the groove on the radial slider is less than the width of the groove II on the fixture support plate, preferably less than 0.015 mm. The groove of the radial slider is fitted into the groove II on the fixture support plate, forming a slider guide pair. The fit clearance between the radial slider and the fixture support plate meets the fixture positioning accuracy requirements while also allowing for free sliding. The fit between the radial slider and the fixture support plate restricts the two rotational degrees of freedom and two translational degrees of freedom of the positioning column.

[0049] In Example 6, based on Example 5, to avoid damage to the moving components and the impact on accuracy caused by chips and debris, a clamping protective cover 6 is connected to the outside of the clamping body 1. The clamping protective cover 6 has elongated grooves 64 on it to facilitate the movement of the axial pushing sleeve handle 44 of the axial pushing mechanism 4 and the radial pushing disk handle 53 of the radial spreading mechanism 5. Specifically, one end of the clamping protective cover 6 is connected to the outer circle of the positioning flange 12. The outer circle at the connection between the clamping protective cover 6 and the positioning flange 12 is designed with several bolt mounting holes, and the outer circle at the connection between the positioning flange 12 and the clamping protective cover 6 is designed with corresponding mounting threaded holes. The two are then fastened together with bolts. To further ensure the stability of the clamping protective cover during processing, the other end of the clamping protective cover 6 is bolted to and pressed against the end face of the clamping bearing disk 21.

[0050] Specifically, the clamp protective cover 6 is sealed to the outer circle of the positioning flange 12 and the clamp bearing plate 21, sealing the moving parts such as the push slider 31, axial push sleeve 41, push guide post 42, positioning post 33, radial push plate 51, and clamp base 13 inside the clamp protective cover 6 to prevent foreign matter from entering and causing abnormal wear.

[0051] As a further implementation method, such as Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the long groove 64 is opened along the circumferential direction. The clamp protective cover 6 at the location of the long groove 64 is provided with an arc-shaped protective cover 61 for cooperating with the axial pushing mechanism 4 or the radial spreading mechanism 5 respectively. Specifically, the arc-shaped protective cover 61 is in arc cooperation with the clamp protective cover 6. The middle of the arc-shaped protective cover 61 is provided with a through hole to allow the axial pushing sleeve handle 44 or the radial pushing disk handle 53 to pass through. When the axial pushing sleeve handle 44 or the radial pushing disk handle 53 can move, it can drive the arc-shaped protective cover 61 to slide along the outer circle of the clamp protective cover 6.

[0052] As a further embodiment, to achieve locking of the axial push sleeve during processing, a circular hole 65 is provided at the end of the long groove 64 for the positioning sleeve 45 to pass through and achieve position locking. The diameter of the circular hole 65 is larger than the outer diameter of the positioning step of the positioning sleeve 45 on the axial push sleeve handle 44. At the same time, the outer diameter of the positioning step of the positioning sleeve 45 is larger than the width of the long groove. The positioning sleeve 45 slides through the through hole in the middle of the arc-shaped protective cover 61. When the axial push sleeve handle 44 slides in the long groove, the diameter of the positioning sleeve 45 is larger than the width of the long groove, so it cannot enter the long groove. When the axial push sleeve handle moves to the circular hole at the end of the long groove, the positioning sleeve is pressed into the circular hole under the action of the spring, thereby locking the position of the axial push sleeve handle and preventing the axial push sleeve from rotating during the rotation of the fixture of the present invention, causing the positioning pin to extend and causing processing interference to the workpiece positioning surface.

[0053] As a further embodiment, the arc-shaped protective cover 61 is provided with an elongated waist hole 62, through which a bolt 63, connected to the clamp protective cover 6, passes. The length of the elongated waist hole 62 is greater than the rotational arc length of the axial push sleeve 41 and the radial push disk 51. The bolt passes through the elongated waist hole 62 and connects to the clamp protective cover 6, confining the arc-shaped protective cover 61 to the clamp protective cover 6. When the axial push sleeve handle 44 or the radial push disk handle 53 drives the arc-shaped protective cover 61 to slide, the bolt and the elongated waist hole 62 cooperate to achieve sliding guidance. The internal parts are fully enclosed under the seal of the arc-shaped protective cover and the clamp protective cover.

[0054] As a further embodiment, the clamp protective cover 6 and the axial positioning component 2 are provided with connecting holes for connecting the workpiece 7 with bolts. When connecting with the workpiece, bolts are passed through the connecting holes along the axial direction to achieve a fixed connection of the workpiece. Specifically, the clamp protective cover 6, the clamp bearing plate 21, and the axial positioning ring 22 are designed with connecting holes for clamping according to the threaded mounting holes of the workpiece 7. The connecting holes of the three components are interconnected and used to pass through fastening bolts, thereby pressing the workpiece onto the axial positioning ring 22 with bolts.

[0055] The method of using this invention is as follows: Push the radial push disk handle to retract the three positioning pins radially to a diameter smaller than the workpiece positioning diameter. Lift the positioning sleeve and push the axial push sleeve handle to extend the three positioning pins out of the radial slider, exceeding the axial positioning ring by approximately 5mm. Align the workpiece's reference hole with the three positioning pins. The threaded mounting hole of workpiece 7 corresponds to the connection hole of the device. Push the radial push disk handle to move the three positioning pins radially, tightening the workpiece. Use the fastening bolts passing through the connection hole to pull the workpiece tight onto the axial positioning ring 22. Push the radial push disk handle to retract the three positioning pins radially to a diameter smaller than the workpiece's reference hole. Push the axial push sleeve handle to retract the three positioning pins back into the through hole of the radial slider. Under the thrust of the spring, the positioning sleeve enters the circular hole 65 on the fixture protective cover for positioning and locks in place. While achieving radial positioning, interference of the positioning element with the part to be processed is avoided. The workpiece is now clamped.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-centering, interference-resistant flange clamping machining device, characterized in that: The fixture includes a fixture body (1), an axial positioning component (2) is fixedly provided at the front end of the fixture body (1), and a centering component (3) that can move along the axial and radial directions is provided on the fixture body (1). The positioning surface of the axial positioning component (2) and the positioning end of the centering component (3) are used to perform axial positioning and centering positioning of the workpiece (7), respectively. The centering component (3) is connected to the axial pushing mechanism (4). The axial pushing mechanism (4) is used to drive the centering component (3) to slide along the axial direction, so that the positioning end of the centering component (3) extends or retracts relative to the positioning surface of the axial positioning component (2) in the axial direction. The clamping body (1) is provided with a radial opening mechanism (5). The radial opening mechanism (5) is used to drive the centering component (3) to expand or retract radially. The centering component (3) includes several circumferentially opened grooves I on the clamping body (1). The grooves I are arranged along the axial direction of the clamping body (1). A pushing slider (31) is slidably provided on the grooves I. The pushing slider (31) cooperates with the axial pushing mechanism (4). A clamping seat (32) is provided on the pushing slider (31). A positioning post (33) is provided on the clamping seat (32). The axis of the positioning post (33) is parallel to the sliding direction of the pushing slider (31) and can be positioned on the clamping seat (32). The axial pushing mechanism (4) includes an axial pushing sleeve (41) rotatably disposed on the outside of the clamping body (1), and a pushing guide post (42) is fixedly disposed on the pushing slider (31). The axial pushing sleeve (41) is provided with several inclined grooves (43) that respectively cooperate with the pushing guide post (42). When the axial pushing sleeve (41) rotates, the pushing slider (31) can be made to slide by the cooperation of the inclined groove (43) and the pushing guide post (42), thereby driving the end of the positioning post (33) to pass through or retract from the positioning surface of the axial positioning component (2) along the axial direction. The radial opening mechanism (5) includes a radial pushing disk (51) rotatably disposed on the outside of the clamping body (1). The radial pushing disk (51) is provided with several spiral grooves (52) in the circumferential direction, and the positioning post (33) is respectively disposed in the spiral grooves (52). The radial pushing disk (51) is connected to a radial pushing disk handle (53).

2. The self-centering, interference-resistant flange clamping machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An axial push sleeve handle (44) is connected to the axial push sleeve (41). A positioning sleeve (45) is provided on the axial push sleeve handle (44), and a spring (46) that cooperates with the positioning sleeve (45) is provided on the axial push sleeve handle (44).

3. The self-centering, interference-resistant flange clamping machining device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The axial positioning assembly (2) includes a clamping support plate (21) fixedly connected to the clamping body (1), and an axial positioning ring (22) is connected to the clamping support plate (21). The outer wall of the axial positioning ring (22) is an axial positioning surface.

4. The self-centering, interference-resistant flange clamping machining device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamp support plate (21) is provided with a sliding groove II, which is arranged along the radial direction of the clamp support plate (21). A radial slider (54) is slidably provided on the sliding groove II. The radial slider (54) is provided with a through hole that allows the positioning post (33) to pass through. Protective blocks (55) are provided on both sides of the radial slider (54).

5. The self-centering, interference-resistant flange clamping machining device according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4, characterized in that: The clamp body (1) is connected to a clamp protective cover (6). The clamp protective cover (6) is provided with long grooves (64) to satisfy the action of the axial pushing mechanism (4) and the radial spreading mechanism (5). The long groove (64) is slidably provided with arc-shaped protective covers (61) for cooperating with the axial pushing mechanism (4) or the radial spreading mechanism (5) respectively. The arc-shaped protective cover (61) is provided with a long waist hole (62). The long waist hole (62) is provided with a bolt (63) connected to the clamp protective cover (6) to achieve sliding guidance. The end of the long groove (64) is provided with a round hole (65).

6. The self-centering, interference-resistant flange clamping machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixture body (1) includes a transition flange (11), a positioning flange (12), and a fixture base (13) arranged coaxially. The fixture base (13) is provided with a shoulder (131) for cooperating with the axial pushing mechanism (4). The transition flange (11) is provided with a tapered hole, a plane, or a clamping step for cooperating with the machine tool.

7. The self-centering, interference-resistant flange clamping machining device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamp protective cover (6) and the axial positioning assembly (2) are provided with connection holes for connecting the workpiece (7) by bolts.

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