Method for hoisting and turning over a ship with an aluminum hull

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hoisting and turning over method of warship aluminum ship body, belong to ship body hoisting and turning over technical field, solve the technical problem that existing hoisting and turning over scheme construction cycle is long, labor cost is high.Method is: using aluminum alloy lifting weight is welded to ship body and hoisted and turned over, specifically: the segmented ship body of warship aluminum is carried out;Determine hoisting and turning over mode, the arrangement of aluminum alloy lifting weight, the selection of aluminum alloy lifting weight form, the analysis of lifting point position strength and the determination of hoisting strengthening form;Before hoisting and turning over, the lifting point area is strengthened;Weld aluminum alloy lifting weight, check weld internal quality, mark point is made around aluminum alloy lifting weight;The segmented ship body is hoisted and turned over;After hoisting and turning over, check weld internal quality, surrounding plate deformation condition;The form of aluminum alloy lifting weight or lifting point position or strengthening form is improved.Using aluminum alloy lifting weight hoisting and turning over can greatly improve the efficiency of ship building, reduce manpower and material resources, and improve efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship hull hoisting and turning technology, and more specifically, to a method for hoisting and turning an aluminum hull of a ship. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the hoisting scheme for aluminum hull sections or deckhouse sections is limited to using steel channel steel bases. The lower opening of the entire aluminum hull section or deckhouse section is fixed to the base using angle steel and thick steel-aluminum plates drilled with bolts. This lifts the entire open surface, concentrating the stress on the base for hoisting and turning. This scheme requires approximately 54 meters of angle steel and 84 meters of channel steel for tooling fabrication. The construction team would need approximately 4 assemblers (5 days), 2 welders (1 day), and 1 grinder (2 days) to assemble and disassemble the tooling.

[0003] Alternatively, for deckhouse sections with symmetrical door and window openings, a method can be used where a lifting rod passes through the door and window openings, and thick steel or aluminum plates are drilled and bolted to the lifting rod. The load is then placed at the window, lifting the entire section for hoisting and turning. This method requires approximately 12 meters of Φ280*10 scrap steel pipe, four 10T lifting weights, etc. The construction team will also need four assemblers (four days), one welder (one day), and one grinder (two days) to disassemble and assemble the equipment.

[0004] While this type of hoisting method is applicable to all aluminum hull sections, it requires a lot of reinforcing materials, which need to be dismantled and recycled after hoisting. This undoubtedly consumes labor and materials, increases the construction period and labor costs, and the weight of the tooling and reinforcing materials accounts for a large proportion, increasing the risk of hoisting and turning operations.

[0005] However, the lifting, relocation, and turning of aluminum hull sections or deckhouse sections are crucial operations in shipbuilding. A well-designed lifting scheme plays a vital role in ensuring safety, construction quality, and shortening the shipbuilding cycle. Therefore, lifting operations are extremely important for shipyard construction; their quality directly impacts hull construction efficiency, product quality, and ultimately, the company's profitability.

[0006] Therefore, more effective methods need to be adopted based on existing technological conditions to improve the efficiency of shipbuilding. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for lifting and turning over aluminum hulls of ships, which can shorten the construction cycle and reduce labor costs.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is: a method for lifting and turning an aluminum hull of a ship, which uses aluminum alloy lifting brackets welded to the hull for lifting and turning, specifically including the following steps:

[0009] Step 1. Based on the lifting equipment capacity and workshop facilities, divide the ship's aluminum hull into sections;

[0010] Step 2. First, determine the lifting and turning method of the hull section based on the weight and center of gravity of the hull section, the lifting equipment capacity, and the workshop facilities. Then, arrange the aluminum alloy lifting brackets, select the type of aluminum alloy lifting brackets, analyze the strength of the lifting point positions, and determine the lifting reinforcement method.

[0011] Step 3. Before the hull sections are hoisted and turned over, the hoisting point areas are reinforced according to the structural characteristics of the hull sections and the form of the aluminum alloy hoisting brackets.

[0012] Step 4. Weld the aluminum alloy brackets. After a set time after welding, check the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy brackets. At the same time, mark the deformation points within a first set range around the aluminum alloy brackets.

[0013] Step 5. Hoist and turn the hull sections over according to the procedures;

[0014] Step 6. After the hull sections are hoisted and turned over, check the internal quality of the welds of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets. At the same time, check the deformation of the plates of the hull sections around the aluminum alloy lifting brackets according to the marked points, and make a record.

[0015] Step 7. Improve the form, position, or reinforcement of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets according to the deformation of the sheet metal to improve the lifting and turning quality of the next section of the hull.

[0016] As a further improvement, the enhanced forms include:

[0017] Reinforce areas with high stress or weak structures that are prone to deformation accordingly;

[0018] For hull sections welded to the deck using aluminum alloy brackets, reinforcing structures are added to each area where aluminum alloy brackets are installed to improve the strength and rigidity of the deck.

[0019] For hull sections that use aluminum alloy brackets welded to the side plating, reinforcing structures are added to each area where aluminum alloy brackets are installed to improve the strength and rigidity of the side plating.

[0020] For segmented hulls that use aluminum alloy hangers welded to the outer wall, local reinforcement should be carried out on the thinner sections of the wall.

[0021] All welds within the second set range around the aluminum alloy hanger must be fully welded, and the fillet welds on the reverse side of the aluminum alloy hanger must have larger weld legs.

[0022] Furthermore, T-shaped assemblies, angle aluminum, or elbow plates are added to the structural surfaces of the enclosure for temporary reinforcement to improve the longitudinal or transverse strength of the enclosure.

[0023] Furthermore, the width of the solder leg must be no less than 6mm.

[0024] Furthermore, the set time is 24 hours.

[0025] Furthermore, both the first and second set ranges are within approximately half a meter of the aluminum alloy hanger.

[0026] Furthermore, coloring was used to inspect the internal quality of the aluminum alloy hanger welds.

[0027] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy hanging bracket includes a hanging plate, the upper end of which is provided with a hanging hole, the two side walls of the hanging plate are parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate are respectively welded with side plates.

[0028] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy hanging bracket includes a hanging plate, with reinforcing plates provided at the front and rear of the upper end of the hanging plate, and a hanging hole provided between the hanging plate and the two reinforcing plates. The two side walls of the hanging plate extend outwards respectively, and side plates are welded to the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate respectively.

[0029] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy hanging bracket includes a hanging plate, with reinforcing plates on the front and rear of the upper end of the hanging plate, and a hanging hole on the hanging plate. The front and rear reinforcing plates are each provided with an enlarged hole coaxial with the hanging hole, the diameter of the enlarged hole being larger than the diameter of the hanging hole. The two side walls of the hanging plate extend outwards, and side plates are welded to the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate.

[0030] Beneficial effects

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0032] The aluminum alloy lifting bracket of this invention is installed during the segmented fabrication of the aluminum hull of a ship and removed after the segments are assembled. This does not affect the overall progress, and the aluminum alloy lifting bracket can be reused four to five times after removal, which greatly improves the efficiency of hull construction, reduces the labor intensity of workers, saves a lot of manpower and material resources, and creates more benefits for the company. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets used in the segmented hull of a ship weighing less than 3 tons in this invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets used in the segmented hull of ships under 3 tons in this invention.

[0036] Figure 4This is a front view of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets used in the 3-10 ton segmented hull of this invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a left view of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets used in the 3-10 ton segmented hull of this invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a front view of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets used in the 10-20 ton segmented hull of this invention.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a left view of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets used in the 10-20 ton segmented hull of this invention.

[0040] Among them: 1-hanging plate, 2-hanging hole, 3-side plate, 4-reinforcing plate, 5-enlarged hole. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0042] This invention is mainly applied to aluminum alloy hull sections or deckhouse sections, where the outer plating thickness of the deck and side sections is only 4-6 mm, resulting in weak tensile stress resistance, especially in the weld strength. The yield strength of steel welds is approximately 235 N / mm², while the strength of aluminum structural welds is approximately 120 N / mm². Although the load-bearing capacity of aluminum lifting lug welds is insufficient to meet the strength and rigidity requirements for turning over large hull sections, for smaller aluminum alloy sections (generally less than 20 tons), the turning weight is lighter, and aluminum lifting lugs can be used for turning without safety issues.

[0043] See Figures 1 to 7 A method for lifting and turning an aluminum hull of a ship, which uses aluminum alloy lifting brackets welded to the hull for lifting and turning, specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1. Based on the lifting equipment capacity and workshop facilities, divide the ship's aluminum hull into sections. The number of sections should be as small as possible, or the number of sections should be as conducive to subsequent processing as possible.

[0045] Step 2. First, determine the lifting and turning method of the hull section based on the weight and center of gravity of the hull section, the lifting equipment capacity, and the workshop facilities. The lifting and turning method should be based on the principle of minimizing the time required. Then, arrange the aluminum alloy lifting brackets, select the type of aluminum alloy lifting brackets, analyze the strength of the lifting point positions, and determine the lifting reinforcement method to ensure that the lifting and turning can be carried out smoothly.

[0046] Step 3. Before the hull sections are hoisted and turned over, the hoisting point areas are reinforced according to the structural characteristics of the hull sections and the form of the aluminum alloy hoisting brackets.

[0047] Step 4. Weld aluminum alloy brackets. After a set time after welding, check the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy brackets. At the same time, mark the deformation points within a first set range around the aluminum alloy brackets. Preferably, the set time is 24 hours, and the first set range is about half a meter around the aluminum alloy brackets. The internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy brackets is checked by coloring.

[0048] Step 5. Hoist and turn the hull sections over according to the procedures;

[0049] Step 6. After the section hull is hoisted and turned over, check the internal quality of the welds of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets. Similar to Step 4, use coloring to check the internal quality of the welds of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets. At the same time, check the deformation of the plates of the section hull around the aluminum alloy lifting brackets according to the marked points and make a record.

[0050] Step 7. Improve the form, position, or reinforcement of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets according to the deformation of the sheet metal to improve the lifting and turning quality of the next section of the hull.

[0051] To improve the structural strength and rigidity during segmented hoisting, reinforcement methods include:

[0052] (1) Strengthen the areas where the stress is high or the structure is weak and prone to deformation.

[0053] (2) For hull sections welded to the deck using aluminum alloy lifting brackets, the force is transmitted through several points on the deck during lifting. Since the superstructure deck is relatively thin, to reduce deck deformation during lifting, reinforcing structures can be added to each area where aluminum alloy lifting brackets are arranged to improve the strength and rigidity of the deck. At the same time, to ensure effective force transmission, T-shaped assemblies, angle aluminum, or elbow plates are added below (at the bottom) of the aluminum alloy lifting brackets to achieve connection, thereby playing a role in fixing and strengthening. These structures also effectively reduce the concentrated stress and deformation of the hull structure during lifting.

[0054] (3) For hull sections welded to the side plates with aluminum alloy brackets, similar to the reinforcement method in (2) above, a reinforcement structure is added in each area where aluminum alloy brackets are arranged to improve the strength and rigidity of the side plates.

[0055] (4) For segmented hulls that use aluminum alloy hangers welded to the outer wall, local reinforcement should be carried out on the thinner sections of the wall. T-shaped assemblies, angle aluminum, or elbow plates can be added to the structural surface of the wall for temporary reinforcement to improve the longitudinal or transverse strength of the wall.

[0056] (5) All welds within the second set range around the aluminum alloy bracket must be fully welded, and the fillet welds on the reverse side of the aluminum alloy bracket must have enlarged weld legs. The width of the weld legs must be no less than 6mm, and the second set range is approximately half a meter around the aluminum alloy bracket.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the weight of the segmented hull is less than 3 tons, the aluminum alloy lifting bracket includes a lifting plate 1, the upper end of the lifting plate 1 is provided with a lifting hole 2, the two side walls of the lifting plate 1 are parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the lifting plate 1 are respectively welded with side plates 3.

[0058] When the weight of the segmented hull is 3-10 tons, the aluminum alloy lifting bracket includes a lifting plate 1. The front and rear ends of the upper end of the lifting plate 1 are respectively provided with reinforcing plates 4. The lifting plate 1 and the front and rear reinforcing plates 4 are provided with lifting holes 2. The two side walls of the lifting plate 1 extend outwards respectively. The lower ends of the two side walls of the lifting plate 1 are respectively welded with side plates 3.

[0059] When the weight of the segmented hull is 10-20 tons, the aluminum alloy lifting bracket includes a lifting plate 1. The front and rear ends of the upper end of the lifting plate 1 are respectively provided with reinforcing plates 4. The lifting plate 1 is provided with lifting holes 2. The front and rear reinforcing plates 4 are provided with enlarged holes 5 coaxial with the lifting holes 2. The diameter of the enlarged holes 5 is larger than the diameter of the lifting holes 2. The two side walls of the lifting plate 1 extend outwards respectively. The lower ends of the two side walls of the lifting plate 1 are respectively welded with side plates 3.

[0060] As long as the thickness of the outer plate or deck plate is not less than 4mm and the weight of the section is within a suitable range, the lifting and turning scheme of this invention can be adopted. For hull sections or deckhouse sections of different products, the center of gravity weight during lifting and turning needs to be fully considered. Based on the structural characteristics of the section, the capacity of the lifting equipment and the workshop facilities, the arrangement and selection of the lifting clamps should be carried out, and sufficient reinforcement should be taken before the section is lifted and turned, and a reasonable process design scheme should be made.

[0061] On aluminum alloy hull sections or aluminum alloy deckhouses, and even on smaller aluminum alloy hulls, as long as the outer plating or deckboard thickness is not less than 4mm and the section weight is within a suitable range, the lifting and turning scheme of this invention can be adopted. The aluminum alloy lifting brackets are installed during the fabrication of the aluminum alloy hull sections and removed after the sections are joined, without affecting the overall progress. The lifting brackets can also be reused four to five times after removal. The design and application of the lifting process scheme of this invention significantly improves hull construction efficiency, reduces the labor intensity of workers, saves a significant amount of manpower and material resources, and creates greater benefits for the company.

[0062] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A method of hoisting and turning over a ship's aluminum hull, characterized by, The application relates to a method for welding aluminum alloy lifting lugs to a ship body for lifting and turning over, and comprises the following steps: Step 1. According to the lifting equipment capacity and the workshop facility conditions, the aluminum ship body is segmented; Step 2. According to the weight center position of the segmented ship body, the lifting equipment capacity and the workshop facility conditions, the lifting and turning over mode of the segmented ship body is determined, and then the aluminum alloy lifting lug arrangement, the aluminum alloy lifting lug form selection, the lifting point position strength analysis and the lifting strengthening form determination are carried out; Step 3. Before the segmented ship body is lifted and turned over, according to the structural characteristics of the segmented ship body and the aluminum alloy lifting lug form, the corresponding strengthening form is adopted for the lifting point area; Step 4. The aluminum alloy lifting lug is welded, and after a set time, the internal quality of the aluminum alloy lifting lug weld is checked, and meanwhile, the first set range around the aluminum alloy lifting lug is marked with deformation points; Step 5. The segmented ship body is lifted and turned over according to the process; Step 6. After the segmented ship body is lifted and turned over, the internal quality of the aluminum alloy lifting lug weld is checked, and meanwhile, according to the marked points, the plate deformation of the segmented ship body around the aluminum alloy lifting lug is checked, and records are made; Step 7. According to the plate deformation, the aluminum alloy lifting lug form or the lifting point position or the strengthening form is improved, so as to improve the lifting and turning over quality of the next segmented ship body.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The strengthening form comprises the following: corresponding strengthening is carried out at the places where stress is large or structure is weak and deformation is prone to occur; for the segmented ship body with the aluminum alloy lifting lug welded on the deck surface, a reinforcing structure is added in each aluminum alloy lifting lug arrangement area, so as to improve the strength and rigidity of the deck; for the segmented ship body with the aluminum alloy lifting lug welded on the side plate, a reinforcing structure is added in each aluminum alloy lifting lug arrangement area, so as to improve the strength and rigidity of the side plate; for the segmented ship body with the aluminum alloy lifting lug welded on the surrounding wall, the surrounding wall with relatively thin thickness is locally reinforced; all the welds in the second set range around the aluminum alloy lifting lug are required to be full weld, and the fillet welds of the reverse structure of the aluminum alloy lifting lug are required to be increased in size.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, T-shaped combination pieces or corner aluminum or knees are added to the structure surface of the surrounding wall for temporary reinforcement, so as to improve the longitudinal or transverse strength of the surrounding wall.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The width of the fillet is required to be not less than 6mm.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein, The set time is 24 hours.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The first set range and the second set range are both about half a meter around the aluminum alloy lifting lug.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein, The internal quality of the aluminum alloy lifting lug weld is checked by using the coloring method.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The aluminum alloy lifting lug comprises a lifting plate (1), the upper end of the lifting plate (1) is provided with a lifting hole (2), the two side walls of the lifting plate (1) are parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the lifting plate (1) are respectively welded with side plates (3).

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The aluminum alloy lifting lug comprises a lifting plate (1), the front and back surfaces of the upper end of the lifting plate (1) are respectively provided with reinforcing plates (4), the lifting plate (1) and the two reinforcing plates (4) are provided with lifting holes (2), the two side walls of the lifting plate (1) respectively extend outward, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the lifting plate (1) are respectively welded with side plates (3).

10. A method of lifting and turning a ship with an aluminium hull according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The aluminium alloy hanging weight comprises a hanging plate (1), the front and back of the upper end of the hanging plate (1) is respectively provided with a reinforcing plate (4), the hanging plate (1) is provided with a hanging hole (2), the front and back reinforcing plates (4) are all provided with an enlarged hole (5) coaxial with the hanging hole (2), the diameter of the enlarged hole (5) is greater than the diameter of the hanging hole (2), the two side walls of the hanging plate (1) extend outward respectively, and the lower end of the two side walls of the hanging plate (1) is respectively welded with a side plate (3).

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