Vertical shaft wall heading machine adopting freezing method for shaft sinking

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vertical shaft excavating equipment, and discloses a freezing method sinking vertical shaft wall heading machine which comprises two groups of lower connecting seats and two groups of upper connecting seats, the lower connecting seats and the upper connecting seats are sequentially and alternately distributed, and a safety protection cover is mounted at the upper end of the upper connecting seat on the uppermost layer. A driving seat is connected to the lower end of the lowermost lower connecting seat, a tunneling drill body is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the driving seat and comprises a plurality of groups of rock breaking tool rests which are uniformly distributed, and four groups of hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically mounted in each group of lower connecting seats. According to the vertical shaft wall heading machine adopting the freezing method for sinking, a constant-speed motor is started, a rotating shaft drives a crank to do constant-speed circular motion, a guide seat and a swing rod act mutually to cause the swing rod to swing in a reciprocating mode, the swing rod drives the whole cleaning structure to move, and a cleaning seat scrapes materials on the outer surface of a curved outer supporting plate back and forth through a plurality of sets of elastic cleaning shifting pieces; and sticky objects on the outer supporting plate are cleaned, and the purpose of automatic cleaning is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shaft excavation equipment, in particular to a shaft side boring machine for drilling a shaft using a freezing method. Background Art

[0002] The frozen well drilling method refers to the method of freezing the aquifer around the wellbore into a closed cylindrical frozen wall by artificial refrigeration before the wellbore is drilled, so as to resist the ground pressure and isolate the connection between groundwater and the wellbore; then, a wellbore with a small diameter (1-3m) is completed through pilot hole drilling and expansion drilling, which is also called the pilot well. When the pilot well is formed, a shaft boring machine can be used to drill a vertical shaft of the designed diameter at one time. It has high work efficiency and is suitable for the construction of vertical shafts in underground projects such as coal mines, metallurgy, and transportation.

[0003] Existing shaft tunneling machines have many technical defects when in use. First, the entire drill bit is pulled forward by a hydraulic column, but the lifting speed of the hydraulic column is not uniform enough, resulting in an unstable movement of the drill bit, which is prone to blind spots on the shaft wall. Second, after a long period of use, the support plate in contact with the shaft wall (especially the support plate with a concave and convex surface) is prone to residual sticky matter (mud and rock particles) on the surface, which can easily reduce the supporting effect of the support plate after accumulation. Third, multiple sets of rock breaking blades are installed on the drill bit. When a set of rock breaking blades is damaged, it is necessary to go down the well manually to replace them, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in a slowdown in construction progress.

[0004] To sum up, considering that the existing facilities cannot meet the work needs, we propose a freezing method for drilling a vertical shaft shaft side boring machine. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a shaft side boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft using a freezing method, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A shaft boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft using a freezing method comprises a lower connecting seat and an upper connecting seat, wherein the lower connecting seat and the upper connecting seat are each in two groups and are alternately distributed in sequence, and a safety protection cover is installed on the upper end of the upper connecting seat at the top layer.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft by freezing method described in the present invention, the lower end of the lower connecting seat of the lowest layer is connected with a driving seat, the lower end of the driving seat is rotatably provided with a boring machine body, the boring machine body includes several groups of evenly distributed rock breaking tool holders, and the number of the rock breaking tool holders is preferably 6-8 groups.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, four groups of hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically installed inside each group of the lower connecting seats, a telescopic rod is extended from the inside of the hydraulic cylinder to the outside of the lower connecting seat, a rod sleeve is installed at the end of the telescopic rod, and an inner support plate is fixedly connected to the end of the rod sleeve.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the shaft side boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, a curved outer support plate is installed on the outer side of the inner support plate, the curved outer support plate acts on the shaft side surface, two groups of guide rods are symmetrically and horizontally welded on the inner support plate and located on both sides of the rod sleeve, a guide groove for the linear movement of the guide rod is provided on the outer side surface of the lower connecting seat, and a No. 1 same-pole magnet is arranged in the middle position of the upper end surface of the curved outer support plate.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, the outer inclined surface of each group of the rock breaking tool holders is equidistantly provided with accommodating grooves, a limiting shell is fixedly arranged in each group of the accommodating grooves, a moving cavity is arranged inside the limiting shell, a tool changer is movably arranged in the moving cavity, and the number of tool changers on each group of the rock breaking tool holders is preferably 10-20 groups.

[0011] As a preferred solution of a shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using a freezing method as described in the present invention, four groups of hinged seats are symmetrically installed inside each group of the upper connecting seats, a rocker arm is rotatably arranged inside the hinged seat, a guide seat is movably arranged in the middle of the rocker arm, a limiting socket for the movement of the rocker arm is provided inside the guide seat, a crank is hinged at the end of the guide seat, a uniform speed motor is installed above one end of the crank, the uniform speed motor is vertically fixed at an upper position inside the upper connecting seat, a rotating shaft is connected to the lower end of the uniform speed motor, the lower end of the rotating shaft is welded to the end of the crank, swing grooves for the movement of the rocker arm are symmetrically provided around the outer side surface of the upper connecting seat, and a cleaning structure is installed at the end of each group of the rocker arms.

[0012] As a preferred solution of a shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, the cleaning structure includes a turning frame, a horizontal axis, a damping bearing, a stopper and a second same-pole magnet, the turning frame and the end of the rocker arm are welded, the turning frame extends out of the swinging groove, and a horizontal axis is provided for rotation inside the turning frame, both ends of the horizontal axis are fixed by damping bearings and the inner wall of the turning frame, the damping bearings are in two groups, a stopper is vertically welded to the lower end of the horizontal axis, the stopper acts on the upper end of the curved outer support plate, and the inner side surface of the stopper is provided with a second same-pole magnet that acts on the first same-pole magnet.

[0013] As a preferred solution of a shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, the cleaning structure also includes a cleaning seat, a U-shaped frame and an elastic cleaning paddle, the end face of the transverse axis is horizontally welded with a cleaning seat, the transverse axis rotates around two groups of damping bearings and causes the cleaning seat to flip over, a plurality of groups of U-shaped frames are equidistantly installed at the lower end of the cleaning seat, each group of the U-shaped frames is installed with an elastic cleaning paddle, and the number of the U-shaped frames and the elastic cleaning paddles is preferably 5-12 groups.

[0014] As a preferred solution of a shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using a freezing method as described in the present invention, the elastic cleaning paddle comprises an annular welding sleeve, a curved root and a paddle, the annular welding sleeve is welded to the outer surface of the U-shaped frame, the lower end of the annular welding sleeve is integrally connected through the curved root and the paddle, there are two groups of symmetrically distributed paddles, and the paddles act on the outer surface of the curved outer support plate.

[0015] As a preferred solution of a shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using a freezing method as described in the present invention, a propulsion seat is movably arranged in the middle position inside the driving seat, and a plurality of groups of inverted L-shaped connecting arms are evenly welded around the outer side surface of the propulsion seat, and the number of the inverted L-shaped connecting arms is preferably 3-5 groups, and the lower end of the inverted L-shaped connecting arm is welded to the upper end surface of the boring machine body, and a screw nut sleeve is installed in the middle position inside the propulsion seat, and the screw nut sleeve is for a high-precision screw to pass through, and the upper and lower ends of the high-precision screw are fixed by the first bearing seat and the inner wall of the driving seat, and a large gear is sleeved on the upper end of the high-precision screw, and a small gear is meshed on one side of the large gear, and the small gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor, and the servo motor is fixed in the upper position inside the driving seat.

[0016] As a preferred solution of a shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using a freezing method as described in the present invention, the tool changer includes a cutter wheel, a rock breaking blade, a mounting hole and a cutter shaft, the cutter wheel is rotatably arranged in a motion cavity, a portion of the cutter wheel extends out of the accommodating groove, and three groups of rock breaking blades acting on the shaft wall rock are evenly arranged on the wheel surface of the cutter wheel, each group of the rock breaking blades is fixed by a mounting hole and the cutter wheel, and a spline groove is provided in the middle of the cutter wheel for the cutter shaft to pass through and install.

[0017] As a preferred solution of a vertical shaft boring machine for drilling a shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, the tool changer also includes a second bearing seat and a driving gear, both ends of the tool shaft are fixed by the second bearing seat and the limit housing, one end of the tool shaft is sleeved with a driving gear, one side of the driving gear is meshed with a connecting gear, the connecting gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor, and the driving motor is arranged to pass through the outer surface of the rock breaking tool holder.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, an extension shaft is provided at the other end of the cutter shaft, and three groups of stop pin holes are evenly opened on the annular axial surface of the extension shaft, and a hydraulic locker is provided below the extension shaft, and the hydraulic locker is fixed by a fixing seat and the outer surface of a limit shell, and a lifting pin rod is provided inside the hydraulic locker for upward movement, and the lifting pin rod moves upward and is inserted into one of the groups of stop pin holes, and an oil guide pipe is provided at the lower end of the hydraulic device, and the lower end of the oil guide pipe is connected to a centrifugal oil storage cylinder, and hydraulic oil is stored in the centrifugal oil storage cylinder.

[0019] As a preferred solution of a shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, both ends of the cutter shaft are fixed by a second bearing seat and a limit housing, one end of the cutter shaft is sleeved with a driving gear, one side of the driving gear is meshed with a connecting gear, the connecting gear is sleeved on the positioning shaft, both ends of the positioning shaft are fixed by a third bearing seat, a sprocket is also sleeved on the positioning shaft, the number of sprockets is preferably 1-2 groups, the sprockets on adjacent positioning shafts are connected for transmission by a synchronous chain, one end of one group of positioning shafts is connected to a driving motor by a coupling, and the driving motor is arranged to pass through the outer surface of the rock breaking tool holder.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the shaft boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft by freezing method described in the present invention, a hydraulic control console is installed in the safety protection cover.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the shaft boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft by freezing method described in the present invention, the lower end surface of the driving seat is respectively provided with rectangular limiting openings for the linear movement of the inverted L-shaped connecting arm.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the shaft boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft by freezing method described in the present invention, a center cutter group is installed at the bottom of the boring machine body.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the freezing method vertical shaft drilling machine described in the present invention, each group of hydraulic cylinders is connected to the hydraulic control console through an oil pipe group, and the oil pipe group includes an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the freezing method vertical shaft drilling machine described in the present invention, the drilling rig body further includes a blade rotation drive mechanism.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the freezing method vertical shaft drilling machine described in the present invention, the centrifugal oil storage cylinder is fixed by a mounting frame and a limiting shell, or a rock breaking tool holder, and the mounting direction of the centrifugal oil storage cylinder is adapted to the direction of the centrifugal force.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the shaft side boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft using the freezing method described in the present invention, the adjacent rock breaking tool holders are connected and fixed by angle irons.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the shaft side boring machine for freezing-driving a vertical shaft described in the present invention, the installation positions of the three groups of stop pin holes are matched with the installation positions of the three groups of rock breaking blades.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the shaft boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft by freezing method described in the present invention, the upper end of the safety protection cover is connected to the hook of the crane.

[0029] As a preferred solution of the freezing method vertical shaft drilling machine described in the present invention, one group of the third bearing seats is installed on the limiting shell, and the other group of the third bearing seats is installed on the inner wall of the rock breaking tool holder.

[0030] The present invention provides a shaft side boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft by freezing method through improvement, which has the following significant improvements and advantages compared with the prior art: (1) Start the uniform speed motor, the rotating shaft drives the crank to make uniform circular motion, the guide seat and the rocker arm interact, causing the rocker arm to swing back and forth, and the rocker arm drives the entire cleaning structure to move. The cleaning seat uses a number of sets of elastic cleaning paddles to scrape the material back and forth on the outer surface of the curved outer support plate to clean the sticky materials on the curved outer support plate, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic cleaning.

[0031] (2) During the recovery process of the curved outer support plate, the upper end is used to contact the stopper of the flip frame, and a force is applied to the stopper to rotate the horizontal axis, causing the cleaning seat to flip from a horizontal position to a nearly vertical position. At this time, the repulsive force of the No. 1 and No. 2 same-pole magnets is used to keep the cleaning seat in a vertical state. When the telescopic rod drives the curved outer support plate to extend outward, the curved outer support plate pushes the cleaning seat to flip and return it to a horizontal state, thereby achieving the effect of automatically adjusting the position of the cleaning seat without taking up too much space.

[0032] (3) The elastic cleaning paddles are deformable. When each group of elastic cleaning paddles contacts the curved outer support plate, the two groups of paddles of the elastic cleaning paddles are stretched apart. On the one hand, this ensures that the elastic cleaning paddles can contact the curved outer support plate during the flipping process. On the other hand, this ensures that the elastic cleaning paddles can effectively adapt to the curved surface slope of the curved outer support plate, so that cleaning can be performed more effectively during the swinging process.

[0033] (4) Start the servo motor to drive the small gear to rotate, and through meshing, the large gear slows down the rotation, causing the high-precision screw to rotate. The threads of the screw nut sleeve and the high-precision screw interact with each other, and the propulsion seat moves downward along the high-precision screw, causing the entire tunneling drill body to move downward. The lifting speed is uniform, and the movement amplitude of the drill bit is stable enough to avoid blind spots where drilling is missed.

[0034] (5) Three sets of spare blades are provided. The driving motor is started to drive the connecting gear to rotate, and the driving gear rotates with it through meshing. The cutter wheel rotates 120°, so that one set of rock breaking blades on the cutter wheel moves out of the receiving groove, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic blade change, saving time and effort. During the high-speed rotation of the rock breaking tool holder, centrifugal force is generated to act on the centrifugal oil storage cylinder, so that the hydraulic oil in the centrifugal oil storage cylinder is squeezed toward the centrifugal side. A small amount of hydraulic oil overcomes gravity and is injected into the hydraulic locker through the oil guide pipe, causing the lifting pin rod in the hydraulic locker to be forced to lift, move upward and directly insert into the stop pin hole, so that the cutter shaft is locked. The self-locking function is realized with the help of centrifugal movement, which prevents the cutter shaft from being subjected to axial reaction force during operation, improves the stability of the cutter wheel during operation, and extends its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shaft side boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft using a freezing method according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the tunneling drilling rig body of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower connecting seat and the upper connecting seat of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a transmission schematic diagram of the cleaning structure of the present invention in one direction; Figure 5 It is a transmission schematic diagram of another direction of the cleaning structure of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a specific structure of the cleaning structure of the present invention in one direction; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the cleaning structure of the present invention in another direction; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the driving seat of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the tool changer of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tool changer of the present invention in one direction; Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tool changer of the present invention in another direction; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between adjacent limiting housings in the second embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. lower connecting seat; 2. upper connecting seat; 3. safety protection cover; 4. driving seat; 5. drilling rig body; 6. rock breaking tool holder; 8. cleaning structure; 80. flip frame; 81. horizontal axis; 82. damping bearing; 83. stopper; 84. second same-pole magnet; 85. cleaning seat; 86. U-shaped frame; 87. elastic cleaning paddle; 9. tool changer; 91. cutter wheel; 92. rock breaking blade; 93. mounting hole; 94. cutter shaft; 95. second bearing seat; 96. driving gear; 10. hydraulic cylinder; 11. telescopic rod; 12. rod sleeve; 13. inner support plate; 14. curved outer support plate; 15. first same-pole magnet; 16. guide rod; 20. articulated seat; 21. swing arm; 22. guide seat; 23. limit bayonet; 24. uniform speed motor; 25. rotating shaft; 26. crank; 31. Annular welding sleeve; 32. Curved root; 33. Pick; 40. Propelling seat; 41. Screw nut sleeve; 42. High-precision screw; 43. First bearing seat; 44. Large gear; 45. Small gear; 46. Servo motor; 47. Inverted L-shaped connecting arm; 49. Center knife group; 50. Extension shaft; 51. Stop pin hole; 52. Hydraulic locker; 53. Lifting pin rod; 54. Centrifugal oil storage cylinder; 55. Mounting frame; 56. Oil guide pipe; 57. Fixed seat; 60. Positioning shaft; 61. Third bearing seat; 62. Sprocket; 63. Synchronous chain; 70. Hydraulic control console; 71. Rectangular limit opening; 72. Swinging slot; 73. Accommodating slot; 74. Limit housing; 75. Moving cavity; 76. Connecting gear; 77. Driving motor; 78. Blade rotation driving mechanism; 79. Oil pipe group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-11 As shown, this embodiment provides a shaft boring machine for drilling a vertical shaft by freezing method, including a lower connecting seat 1 and an upper connecting seat 2, wherein the lower connecting seat 1 and the upper connecting seat 2 are both in two groups and are alternately distributed in sequence, a safety protection cover 3 is installed at the upper end of the uppermost upper connecting seat 2, a hydraulic control console 70 is installed in the safety protection cover 3, the upper end of the safety protection cover 3 is connected to the hook of a crane, and the crane pulls the entire machine up and down in the shaft.

[0039] Among them, four groups of hydraulic cylinders 10 are symmetrically installed inside each group of lower connecting seats 1, and telescopic rods 11 are extended from the inside of the hydraulic cylinders 10 to the outside of the lower connecting seats 1. Figure 1-3 shown.

[0040] Specifically, a rod sleeve 12 is installed at the end of the telescopic rod 11, and the rod sleeve 12 protects the telescopic rod 11. The end of the rod sleeve 12 is fixedly connected to an inner support plate 13, and a curved outer support plate 14 is installed on the outer side of the inner support plate 13. The curved outer support plate 14 is larger than the area of ​​the inner support plate 13, and the curved outer support plate 14 acts on the well wall (the outer surface of the curved outer support plate 14 is set as a non-slip surface). Figure 3 shown.

[0041] Specifically, two sets of guide rods 16 are symmetrically welded horizontally on the inner support plate 13 and located on both sides of the rod sleeve 12. A guide groove for the linear motion of the guide rod 16 is provided on the outer side of the lower connecting seat 1 to play a guiding and limiting role. A magnet 15 with the same polarity is provided in the middle position of the upper end surface of the curved outer support plate 14. Figure 1-3 shown.

[0042] Among them, four sets of hinge seats 20 are symmetrically installed inside each set of upper connecting seats 2, and a swing rod 21 is rotatably arranged inside the hinge seat 20. Figure 3-5 shown.

[0043] Specifically, a guide seat 22 is movably provided in the middle of the swing rod 21, and a limit bayonet 23 for the swing rod 21 to move is provided inside the guide seat 22, which plays a limiting role. A crank 26 is hinged at the end of the guide seat 22, and a uniform speed motor 24 is installed above one end of the crank 26. The uniform speed motor 24 is vertically fixed at an upper position inside the upper connecting seat 2, and a rotating shaft 25 is connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 25. The lower end of the rotating shaft 25 is welded to the end of the crank 26. The outer side surface of the upper connecting seat 2 is symmetrically provided with swing grooves 72 for the swing rod 21 to move. The swing rod 21 moves in the swing groove 72. Figure 3-5 shown.

[0044] Furthermore, a cleaning structure 8 is installed at the end of each set of swing rods 21, such as Figure 4 and 5 shown.

[0045] Specifically, the cleaning structure 8 includes a flip frame 80, a horizontal shaft 81, a damping bearing 82, a stopper 83 and a second magnet 84 of the same polarity. Figure 6 and 7 shown.

[0046] In this embodiment, the ends of the flip frame 80 and the rocker arm 21 are welded, the flip frame 80 extends out of the swing slot 72, and a horizontal axis 81 is provided inside the flip frame 80 for rotation. Both ends of the horizontal axis 81 are fixed by a damping bearing 82 and the inner wall of the flip frame 80, and the damping bearing 82 has a damping force.

[0047] In this embodiment, a stopper 83 is vertically welded to the lower end of the horizontal axis 81, and the stopper 83 interacts with the upper end of the curved outer support plate 14. The inner side surface of the stopper 83 is installed with a second magnet 84 of the same pole that interacts with the first magnet 15 of the same pole, and the two repel each other with the same poles.

[0048] Furthermore, the cleaning structure 8 also includes a cleaning seat 85, a U-shaped frame 86 and an elastic cleaning paddle 87. Figure 6 and 7 shown.

[0049] In this embodiment, a cleaning seat 85 is horizontally welded to the end surface of the horizontal axis 81, and the swing range of the cleaning seat 85 just fits the area of ​​the curved outer support plate 14. The horizontal axis 81 rotates around two sets of damping bearings 82 and causes the cleaning seat 85 to flip over. Several sets of U-shaped frames 86 are equidistantly installed at the lower end of the cleaning seat 85, and each set of U-shaped frames 86 is installed with elastic cleaning paddles 87. The elastic cleaning paddles 87 are closely arranged with small gaps.

[0050] Specifically, the elastic cleaning paddle 87 includes an annular welding sleeve 31, a curved root 32 and a paddle 33. Figure 7 shown.

[0051] In this embodiment, the annular welding sleeve 31 and the outer surface of the U-shaped frame 86 are welded together, and the lower end of the annular welding sleeve 31 is integrally connected through the curved root 32 and the paddle 33 respectively. The paddle 33 is symmetrically distributed in two groups. The paddle 33 acts on the outer surface of the curved outer support plate 14. The curved root 32 is made of spring steel and has deformation reset capability.

[0052] Furthermore, the lower end of the lowest layer lower connection seat 1 is connected to a driving seat 4, and the lower end of the driving seat 4 is movably provided with a boring machine body 5, such as Figure 1-2 shown.

[0053] Among them, a propulsion seat 40 is movably arranged in the middle position inside the driving seat 4, and a plurality of groups of inverted L-shaped connecting arms 47 are uniformly welded around the outer side surface of the propulsion seat 40. The lower end of the inverted L-shaped connecting arm 47 is welded to the upper end surface of the boring machine body 5 to play a connecting role. The lower end surface of the driving seat 4 is respectively provided with a rectangular limit opening 71 for the linear movement of the inverted L-shaped connecting arm 47 to play a limit guiding role. Figure 2 and 8 shown.

[0054] Among them, a screw nut sleeve 41 (a nut that can spirally move is built into the screw nut sleeve 41) is installed in the middle position inside the propulsion seat 40, and the screw nut sleeve 41 is for a high-precision screw 42 to pass through. The high-precision screw 42 is made of high-carbon steel. The upper and lower ends of the high-precision screw 42 are fixed by the first bearing seat 43 and the inner wall of the driving seat 4. The upper end of the high-precision screw 42 is sleeved with a large gear 44, and a small gear 45 is meshed on one side of the large gear 44. The small gear 45 is sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor 46, and the servo motor 46 is fixed at the upper position inside the driving seat 4, such as Figure 2 and 8 shown.

[0055] Furthermore, the drilling rig body 5 includes a plurality of evenly distributed rock breaking tool holders 6, a center tool group 49 and a blade rotation drive mechanism 78. The center tool group 49 is installed at the bottom of the drilling rig body 5. Figure 2 and 8 shown.

[0056] Furthermore, adjacent rock-breaking tool holders 6 are connected and fixed by angle irons to play a role of connection and fixing. The outer inclined surface of each group of rock-breaking tool holders 6 is equidistantly provided with receiving grooves 73, and a limit housing 74 is fixedly provided in each group of receiving grooves 73. The shape and size of the limit housing 74 and the receiving groove 73 are adapted. A movement cavity 75 is provided inside the limit housing 74, and a tool changer 9 is movably provided in the movement cavity 75 (there is a cross phenomenon in the installation positions of the tool changers 9 on different rock-breaking tool holders 6). Figure 2 and 9 shown.

[0057] Specifically, the tool changer 9 includes a tool wheel 91, a rock breaking blade 92, a mounting hole 93 and a tool shaft 94. Fig.10 shown.

[0058] In this embodiment, the cutter wheel 91 is rotatably arranged in the motion cavity 75, and a part of the cutter wheel 91 extends out of the accommodating groove 73. Three groups of rock breaking blades 92 acting on the well wall rock are evenly arranged on the wheel surface of the cutter wheel 91, and the adjacent intervals are 120°. Each group of rock breaking blades 92 is fixed by the mounting hole 93 and the cutter wheel 91, and can be flexibly installed and disassembled. A spline groove is opened in the middle of the cutter wheel 91 for the cutter shaft 94 to pass through and install.

[0059] Furthermore, the tool changer 9 also includes a second bearing seat 95 and a driving gear 96. Fig.10 shown.

[0060] In this embodiment, both ends of the knife shaft 94 are fixed by the second bearing seat 95 and the limiting housing 74, and one end of the knife shaft 94 is sleeved with a driving gear 96.

[0061] Among them, a connecting gear 76 is meshed with one side of the driving gear 96, and the connecting gear 76 is sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor 77. The driving motor 77 is arranged to penetrate the outer surface of the rock breaking tool holder 6, such as Fig.10 shown.

[0062] The other end of the knife shaft 94 is provided with an extension shaft 50, and three groups of stop pin holes 51 are evenly opened on the annular axial surface of the extension shaft 50, and a hydraulic locker 52 is provided below the extension shaft 50. Fig.11 shown.

[0063] Specifically, the hydraulic lock 52 is fixed by the outer surface of the fixing seat 57 and the limiting shell 74, and a lifting pin rod 53 is movably arranged inside the hydraulic lock 52, and the lifting pin rod 53 moves upward and is inserted into one of the groups of stop pin holes 51, and an oil guide pipe 56 is connected to the lower end of the hydraulic lock 52, and the lower end of the oil guide pipe 56 is connected to a centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54, and hydraulic oil is stored in the centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54. The centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54 is fixed by the mounting frame 55 and the limiting shell 74, or the rock breaking tool holder 6, and the mounting direction of the centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54 is adapted to the direction of the centrifugal force. The oil volume and length inside the centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54 are designed according to actual needs, such as Fig.11 shown.

[0064] Furthermore, each group of hydraulic cylinders 10 is connected to the hydraulic control console 70 through an oil pipe group 79, and the oil pipe group 79 includes an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe. Figure 2 and 3 shown.

[0065] Furthermore, the installation positions of the three groups of stop pin holes 51 match the installation positions of the three groups of rock breaking blades 92, so that the lifting pin rod 53 can be smoothly inserted into the stop pin hole 51 at the static position.

[0066] When this embodiment is in use, the hydraulic control console 70 is used to supply oil, so that the hydraulic oil flows into the hydraulic cylinder 10 through the oil inlet pipe, so that the telescopic rod 11 on the hydraulic cylinder 10 extends outward, driving the inner support plate 13 and the curved outer support plate 14 to move outward until the curved outer support plate 14 contacts the shaft surface. Several groups of curved outer support plates 14 contact the circumferential surface of the shaft surface at the same time, forming support for the entire tunneling machine.

[0067] When the curved outer support plate 14 has been used for a long time, there are sticky substances (mud and rock particles) on the outer surface. At this time, the telescopic rod 11 is used to drive the curved outer support plate 14 to be retracted to the bottom. During the retraction process of the curved outer support plate 14, the upper end is used to contact the stopper 83 of the flip frame 80, and a force is applied to the stopper 83 to make the horizontal axis 81 rotate around the two groups of damping bearings 82, causing the cleaning seat 85 to flip from a horizontal position to a nearly vertical position. At this time, the repulsive force of the first and second same-pole magnets 15 and 84 is used to make the cleaning seat 85 in a vertical state, and each group of elastic cleaning paddles 87 on the cleaning seat 85 is in transitional contact with the curved outer support plate 14 (due to the close position). , so that the two groups of paddles 33 of the elastic cleaning paddles 87 are spread open, and then the uniform speed motor 24 is started, the rotating shaft 25 drives the crank 26 to make uniform circular motion, and makes the guide seat 22 hinged to the crank 26 move, the guide seat 22 and the rocker arm 21 act on each other (the rocker arm 21 moves linearly in the limit bayonet 23), causing the rocker arm 21 to swing back and forth, and the rocker arm 21 drives the entire cleaning structure 8 to move, and the cleaning seat 85 uses several groups of elastic cleaning paddles 87 to scrape the material back and forth on the outer surface of the curved outer support plate 14 to clean the sticky matter on the curved outer support plate 14, and when the telescopic rod 11 drives the curved outer support plate 14 to extend outward, the curved outer support plate 14 pushes the cleaning seat 85 to flip over and return it to a horizontal state.

[0068] When drilling a well, the blade rotation drive mechanism 78 is started to drive the entire rock breaking tool holder 6 and the center tool group 49 to rotate at high speed, thereby expanding the excavation of the pilot well. At the same time, the servo motor 46 is started to drive the small gear 45 to rotate, and the large gear 44 is slowed down by meshing, causing the high-precision screw 42 to rotate, and the propulsion seat 40 moves downward in a straight line along the high-precision screw 42 (the threads of the screw nut sleeve 41 and the high-precision screw 42 act on each other), causing the entire excavation drill body 5 to move downward, thereby achieving the purpose of excavation.

[0069] When the rock breaking blade 92 needs to be replaced, the drive motor 77 is started to drive the connecting gear 76 to rotate, and the drive gear 96 rotates by meshing, and the cutter wheel 91 rotates 120 degrees, so that one group of rock breaking blades 92 on the cutter wheel 91 moves to the accommodating groove 73. During the high-speed rotation of the rock breaking tool holder 6, centrifugal force is generated to act on the centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54, so that the hydraulic oil in the centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54 is squeezed toward the centrifugal side, and a small amount of hydraulic oil overcomes gravity and is injected into the hydraulic locker 52 through the oil guide pipe 56, causing the lifting pin rod 53 in the hydraulic locker 52 to be forced to lift, move upward and directly insert into the stop pin hole 51, so that the cutter shaft 94 is locked, and the cutter shaft 94 is prevented from being subjected to axial reaction force during operation. When the excavation drilling rig body 5 stops moving, the centrifugal force inside the centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54 disappears, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic locker 52 flows back into the centrifugal oil storage cylinder 54 due to gravity, and the lifting pin rod 53 escapes from the stop pin hole 51, and the lock is released.

[0070] After the boring machine body 5 has excavated a certain distance, the propulsion seat 40 drives the boring machine body 5 to return upward. At this time, under the load-bearing action of the crane, several groups of telescopic rods 11 are synchronously recovered, the curved outer support plate 14 returns to its original position, and the crane pulls the entire machine down a certain distance, and then supports and excavates, and the cycle continues.

[0071] Embodiment 2 On the basis of the first embodiment, the rock breaking blade 92 is prone to high temperature under the condition of long-term rock breaking work, which increases its fatigue, causes deformation, and reduces its service life. The existing measure is to replace the rock breaking blades 92 one by one in time, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has low work efficiency. In order to solve the above technical problems, we have the following design, such as Figure 12-13 shown.

[0072] Specifically, a connecting gear 76 is meshed on one side of the driving gear 96 , and the connecting gear 76 is sleeved on the positioning shaft 60 . Both ends of the positioning shaft 60 are fixed by a third bearing seat 61 to improve the stability of the positioning shaft 60 .

[0073] Among them, a sprocket 62 is also sleeved on the positioning shaft 60 (two groups of sprockets 62 are installed on the positioning shaft 60 in the middle position), and the sprockets 62 on adjacent positioning shafts 60 are connected and transmitted by a synchronous chain 63. The end of one group of positioning shafts 60 is connected to a driving motor 77 through a coupling, and the driving motor 77 is set through the outer surface of the rock breaking tool holder 6.

[0074] Furthermore, one group of the third bearing seats 61 is installed on the limiting shell 74, and the other group of the third bearing seats 61 is installed on the inner wall of the rock breaking tool holder 6.

[0075] When this embodiment is in use, the drive motor 77 is started to drive one group of positioning shafts 60 to rotate, and the sprocket 62 on the positioning shaft 60 is connected and driven by the synchronous chain 63. Multiple groups of synchronous chains 63 are synchronously linked to make each group of positioning shafts 60 rotate synchronously. The connecting gear 76 on the positioning shaft 60 is driven to cause each group of tool changers 9 to work, and the rock breaking blade 92 on the cutter wheel 91 is replaced to solve the heat dissipation problem.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shaft boring machine for sinking a vertical shaft using a freezing method, comprising a lower connecting seat (1) and an upper connecting seat (2), characterized in that: The lower connecting seat (1) and the upper connecting seat (2) are each in two groups and are alternately arranged in sequence; the upper end of the upper connecting seat (2) at the top layer is provided with a safety protection cover (3); the lower end of the lower connecting seat (1) at the bottom layer is connected with a driving seat (4); a tunneling drill body (5) is movably arranged at the lower end of the driving seat (4); the driving seat (4) pulls the tunneling drill body (5) to move up and down; and the tunneling drill body (5) includes a plurality of groups of evenly distributed rock breaking tool holders (6); Four groups of hydraulic cylinders (10) are symmetrically installed inside each group of the lower connecting seats (1), a telescopic rod (11) is extended from the inside of the hydraulic cylinder (10) to the outside of the lower connecting seat (1), a rod sleeve (12) is installed at the end of the telescopic rod (11), an inner support plate (13) is fixedly connected to the end of the rod sleeve (12), a curved outer support plate (14) is installed on the outer side of the inner support plate (13), the curved outer support plate (14) acts on the well surface, two groups of guide rods (16) are symmetrically welded horizontally on the inner support plate (13) and located on both sides of the rod sleeve (12), a guide groove for linear motion of the guide rod (16) is opened on the outer side surface of the lower connecting seat (1), and a No. 1 magnet (15) of the same pole is arranged in the middle position of the upper end surface of the curved outer support plate (14); The outer inclined surface of each group of rock breaking tool holders (6) is provided with accommodating grooves (73) at equal intervals, and a limiting housing (74) is fixedly arranged in each group of the accommodating grooves (73). A moving cavity (75) is provided inside the limiting housing (74), and a tool changer (9) is movably arranged in the moving cavity (75).

2. A freezing method shaft sinking shaft side boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four groups of hinged seats (20) are symmetrically installed inside each group of the upper connecting seats (2). A swing rod (21) is rotatably arranged inside the hinged seat (20). A guide seat (22) is movably arranged in the middle of the swing rod (21). A limit stopper (23) is provided inside the guide seat (22) for the swing rod (21) to move. A crank (26) is hingedly connected to the end of the guide seat (22). A uniform speed motor (24) is installed above one end of the crank (26). The uniform speed motor (24) is vertically fixed at an upper position inside the upper connecting seat (2). A rotating shaft (25) is connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft (25). The lower end of the rotating shaft (25) is welded to the end of the crank (26). Swinging grooves (72) for the swing rod (21) to move are symmetrically provided around the outer side surface of the upper connecting seat (2). A cleaning structure (8) is installed at the end of each group of the swing rods (21).

3. A freezing method shaft sinking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning structure (8) comprises a flip frame (80), a transverse axis (81), a damping bearing (82), a stopper (83) and a second same-pole magnet (84); the flip frame (80) and the end of the swing rod (21) are welded; the flip frame (80) extends out of the swing groove (72); a transverse axis (81) is rotatably arranged inside the flip frame (80); both ends of the transverse axis (81) are fixed by means of the damping bearing (82) and the inner wall of the flip frame (80); a stopper (83) is vertically welded to the lower end of the transverse axis (81); the stopper (83) and the upper end of the curved outer support plate (14) interact with each other; and a second same-pole magnet (84) that interacts with the first same-pole magnet (15) is installed on the inner side surface of the stopper (83).

4. A freezing method shaft sinking shaft side boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning structure (8) further comprises a cleaning seat (85), a U-shaped frame (86) and an elastic cleaning paddle (87); the cleaning seat (85) is horizontally welded to the end surface of the transverse axis (81); the transverse axis (81) rotates around two groups of damping bearings (82) and causes the cleaning seat (85) to flip; a plurality of groups of U-shaped frames (86) are equidistantly mounted at the lower end of the cleaning seat (85); and an elastic cleaning paddle (87) is mounted on each group of the U-shaped frames (86).

5. A freezing method shaft sinking machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic cleaning paddle (87) comprises an annular welding sleeve (31), a curved root portion (32) and a paddle (33); the annular welding sleeve (31) and the outer surface of the U-shaped frame (86) are welded to each other; the lower end of the annular welding sleeve (31) is integrally connected via the curved root portion (32) and the paddle (33); the paddle (33) comprises two groups symmetrically distributed; and the paddle (33) acts on the outer surface of the curved outer support plate (14).

6. A freezing method shaft sinking shaft side boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A propulsion seat (40) is movably arranged at the middle position inside the driving seat (4), and a plurality of groups of inverted L-shaped connecting arms (47) are uniformly welded around the outer side surface of the propulsion seat (40), and the lower end of the inverted L-shaped connecting arm (47) is welded to the upper end surface of the boring machine body (5). A screw nut sleeve (41) is installed at the middle position inside the propulsion seat (40), and the screw nut sleeve (41) allows a high-precision screw (42) to pass through. The upper and lower ends of the high-precision screw (42) are fixed by a first bearing seat (43) and the inner wall of the driving seat (4), and the upper end of the high-precision screw (42) is sleeved with a large gear (44), and a small gear (45) is meshed with one side of the large gear (44), and the small gear (45) is sleeved on the output shaft of a servo motor (46), and the servo motor (46) is fixed at an upper position inside the driving seat (4).

7. A freezing method shaft sinking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool changer (9) comprises a cutter wheel (91), a rock-breaking blade (92), a mounting hole (93) and a cutter shaft (94); the cutter wheel (91) is rotatably arranged in the motion cavity (75); a portion of the cutter wheel (91) extends out of the accommodating groove (73); three groups of rock-breaking blades (92) for acting on the wellbore rock are evenly arranged on the wheel surface of the cutter wheel (91); each group of the rock-breaking blades (92) is fixed via the mounting hole (93) and the cutter wheel (91); a spline groove is provided in the middle of the cutter wheel (91) for the cutter shaft (94) to penetrate and install.

8. A freezing method shaft sinking shaft side boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tool changer (9) further comprises a second bearing seat (95) and a driving gear (96); both ends of the tool shaft (94) are fixed by means of the second bearing seat (95) and the limit housing (74); one end of the tool shaft (94) is sleeved with a driving gear (96); one side of the driving gear (96) is meshed with a connecting gear (76); the connecting gear (76) is sleeved on an output shaft of a driving motor (77); and the driving motor (77) is arranged to penetrate the outer surface of the rock breaking tool holder (6).

9. A freezing method shaft sinking shaft side boring machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: An extension shaft (50) is provided at the other end of the knife shaft (94), and three groups of stop pin holes (51) are evenly formed on the annular axial surface of the extension shaft (50). A hydraulic locker (52) is provided below the extension shaft (50), and the hydraulic locker (52) is fixed by a fixing seat (57) and the outer surface of a limit housing (74). A lifting pin rod (53) is movably provided inside the hydraulic locker (52), and the lifting pin rod (53) moves upward and is inserted into one of the groups of stop pin holes (51). An oil guide pipe (56) is provided at the lower end of the hydraulic locker (52), and the lower end of the oil guide pipe (56) is connected to a centrifugal oil storage cylinder (54), and hydraulic oil is stored in the centrifugal oil storage cylinder (54).

10. A freezing method shaft sinking machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both ends of the cutter shaft (94) are fixed by a second bearing seat (95) and a limit housing (74); one end of the cutter shaft (94) is sleeved with a driving gear (96); one side of the driving gear (96) is meshed with a connecting gear (76); the connecting gear (76) is sleeved on the positioning shaft (60); both ends of the positioning shaft (60) are fixed by a third bearing seat (61); a sprocket (62) is sleeved on the positioning shaft (60); the sprockets (62) on adjacent positioning shafts (60) are connected for transmission by a synchronous chain (63); the ends of one group of positioning shafts (60) are connected to a driving motor (77) by a coupling; the driving motor (77) is arranged to penetrate the outer surface of the rock breaking tool holder (6).

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