A preheating device for calcining low-rank coal

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of coal preheating and discloses a preheating device for calcining low-rank coal, comprising a bottom plate, a feed box is arranged at the right side above the bottom plate, a feed hopper is installed at the top of the feed box, a cover structure is installed at the top of the feed hopper, a crushing box is installed on the right side of the feed box, a through slot is arranged in the middle between the crushing box and the feed box, a rotary screening structure is arranged in the through slot, a crushing structure is arranged in the crushing box, a first discharge chute is arranged below the crushing box and the feed box, a heating lamp is arranged in the preheating box above the bottom plate, the heating lamp in the preheating box can be used to preheat the coal when feeding into the calcining equipment, thereby improving the calcining work efficiency, and large particles of coal can be automatically screened out by the rotary screening structure and the crushing structure, and the coal can be fed after being crushed by the crushing structure, so that the coal is heated faster, thereby further improving the calcining work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal preheating, and in particular to a preheating device for calcining low-rank coal. Background Art

[0002] Low-rank coal is a type of coal; coal with a long flame and smoke when burning, and coal with a low degree of coalification; the appearance is gray-black to black, and the powder is brown to black; it is composed of shiny and matte parts combined into layers, with asphalt, grease, glass, metal, diamond and other lusters, with obvious striped and convex mirror structures. When processing low-priced coal, it needs to be calcined;

[0003] When calcining low-priced coal, the coal blocks are of different sizes, and when coal is added from the feed port, each block will accumulate in the calcining equipment. After adding, not only the coal blocks are heated slowly, but the coal also heats up slowly, which reduces the calcination efficiency. Therefore, preheating equipment is needed to preheat the coal when it is fed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a preheating device for calcining low-rank coal.

[0005] The present invention provides a low-rank coal calcination preheating device using the following technical solutions:

[0006] The hopper is provided at the top of the feed box, and a cover is provided at the top of the feed box. A crushing box is provided on the right side of the feed box, a through slot is provided in the middle between the crushing box and the feed box, a rotating screening structure is provided in the through slot, a crushing structure is provided in the crushing box, a first discharge chute is provided below the crushing box and the feed box, a lower inner wall of the crushing box is inclined downward toward one side of the first discharge chute, a preheating box is provided at the bottom end of the feed box, the bottom ends of the preheating box and the crushing box are supported on the bottom plate by a supporting plate, a discharge hopper is provided at the left side below the preheating box, a second discharge chute connected with the feed box is provided at the right side above the preheating box, a plurality of mounting seats are provided at the left side of the upper inner wall of the preheating box, a heating lamp is provided in the mounting seat, and a feeding structure is provided in the preheating box;

[0007] The rotating screening structure includes a first rotating shaft that rotates through the front and rear side groove walls of the through groove, two partitions are connected to the first rotating shaft, and two rotating frames are connected to the first rotating shaft. The rotating frames and the partitions are spaced apart from each other, and the rotating frames and the partitions are distributed at equal angles on the circumference of the first rotating shaft. A first screen plate is installed in the rotating frame, and a first motor is installed at the position of the first rotating shaft on the rear side of the feed box, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the rear end of the first rotating shaft, and a first knocking structure is provided in the feed box at a position below one of the first screen plates.

[0008] Preferably, the first knocking structure includes a first groove opened on the inner wall of the feed box below one of the first screen plates, a lifting frame is arranged in the first groove, the lifting frame is in a "U" shape, a cylinder is installed on the lower groove wall of the first groove, the top end of the cylinder output shaft is connected to the lifting frame, knocking rods are arranged at the four corners of the lifting frame close to the corresponding first screen plate, a knocking block is installed on the top end of the knocking rod, and the knocking rod is arranged on the lifting frame through a movable structure.

[0009] Preferably, the movable structure includes a guide groove opened on the lifting frame corresponding to each knocking rod, a first movable block is slidably arranged in the guide groove, the bottom end of the knocking rod is connected to the first movable block, a vertical bar is connected to the bottom of the first movable block, a fixed plate is connected to the position of each vertical bar on the lower groove wall of the first groove, a first guide groove is opened on the fixed plate, the lower section of the first guide groove is in a "Z" shape, a through rod is fixedly passed through the bottom end of the vertical bar, and the through rod movably passes through the first guide groove.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing structure includes a second screen plate movably arranged in the crushing box, the second screen plate is located between the through slot and the first feeding chute, and fixed blocks are fixedly installed at four corners of the inner wall of the crushing box near the second screen plate, and a T-shaped rod is movably passed through each of the fixed blocks, the top of the T-shaped rod is connected to the second screen plate, the T-shaped rod is sleeved with a spring, the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the fixed block and the bottom end of the T-shaped rod, a second rotating shaft is provided in the middle above the second screen plate, a plurality of crushing knives are installed on the second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft rotates to pass through the rear side surface of the crushing box, and a mounting frame is installed on the rear side surface of the crushing box at the position of the second rotating shaft, a second motor is installed on the mounting frame, one end of the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the second rotating shaft, and a second knocking structure is provided in the crushing box at a position below the second screen plate.

[0011] Preferably, the second knocking structure includes a third rotating shaft which is rotatably inserted into the crushing box, and a fixed sleeve is provided with a turntable at one end of the third rotating shaft inserted into the crushing box, and a plurality of knocking bars are connected to the side circumference of the turntable at equal intervals, and a second gear is fixedly provided at the rear end of the third rotating shaft, and a first gear is fixedly provided at the rear end of the second rotating shaft, and the first gear is meshingly connected with the second gear.

[0012] Preferably, the feeding structure includes a fourth rotating shaft that rotates through the preheating box near both ends, and a roller is fixedly sleeved on the part of each fourth rotating shaft located in the preheating box, and a conveyor belt is tightly sleeved on two of the rollers. A third motor is installed at the right end of the rear side of the preheating box, and the output shaft of the third motor is connected to the rear end of the corresponding fourth rotating shaft, and a material passing structure is provided on the conveyor belt.

[0013] Preferably, the material passing structure includes a plurality of second grooves equidistantly arranged on the conveyor belt, a lifting plate is movably inserted into each of the second grooves, L-shaped rods are connected to the front and rear ends of the lifting plate, second guide grooves are arranged on the inner walls on both the front and rear sides of the preheating box, a plurality of arc grooves equidistantly arranged on the groove walls of the second guide grooves, and one end of the L-shaped rod is movably inserted into the second guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, the covering structure includes a longitudinal groove opened at the upper part of the inner wall on the left side of the feed hopper, a second movable block is slidably arranged in the longitudinal groove, a fifth rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second movable block, a cover plate is installed between two ends of the fifth rotating shafts close to each other, an insertion strip is installed at the middle part of the upper part of the cover plate, a slot is opened at the upper part of the inner wall on the front side of the feed hopper, and a handle is installed at the lower part of the rear side of the cover plate.

[0015] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] The present invention provides a rotary screening structure in the feed box, a crushing structure in the crushing box, and a heating lamp in the preheating box above the bottom plate. The heating lamp in the preheating box can be used to preheat the coal when feeding into the calcining equipment, thereby improving the calcining efficiency. The rotary screening structure and the crushing structure can automatically screen out large particles of coal, and the coal can be fed after being crushed by the crushing structure, so that the coal is heated faster, thereby further improving the calcining efficiency.

[0017] The present invention is provided with a first knocking structure and a moving structure. The first knocking structure can better screen the material in the feed box, and the moving structure enables the knocking rod and the knocking block on the first knocking structure to be automatically stored in the first groove when they move downward, thereby preventing the knocking rod and the knocking block from interfering with the rotation of the rotating frame on the rotating screening structure, and ensuring that the large-particle coal material screened can be smoothly transferred to the crushing box for crushing.

[0018] The present invention is provided with a crushing structure and a second knocking structure, so that the crushing structure crushes the large-particle coal in the crushing box and drives the second knocking structure to knock the second screen plate, so that the crushed coal can be better discharged from the second screen plate;

[0019] The present invention provides a feeding structure and a material passing structure in the preheating box. The feeding structure can automatically feed the coal to the calcining equipment. In the feeding process, the lifting plate on the material passing structure can load and unload the coal on the conveyor belt, so that the coal on the conveyor belt can be better heated and the quality of the preheating work is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a low-rank coal calcination preheating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at A;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the rear side of the feed box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing box at the feeding box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the feed box and the crushing box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at B;

[0026] Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at C;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preheating box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the preheating box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 In the embodiment of the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of the structure at D.

[0030] Description of the reference numerals: 1, bottom plate; 2, feed box; 3, crushing box; 4, preheating box; 5, feed hopper; 6, discharge hopper; 7, support plate; 8, handle; 9, through slot; 10, first motor; 11, rotating frame; 12, first screen plate; 13, first rotating shaft; 14, partition; 15, first discharge chute; 16, first groove; 17, lifting frame; 18, knocking rod; 19, knocking block; 20, guide groove; 21, first moving block; 22, vertical bar; 23, through rod; 24, first guide groove; 25, fixed plate; 26, second screen plate; 27, second rotating shaft; 2 8. Crushing knife; 29. ​​Second motor; 30. Mounting frame; 31. First gear; 32. Third rotating shaft; 33. Second gear; 34. Turntable; 35. Tapping bar; 36. T-shaped rod; 37. Fixed block; 38. Spring; 39. Mounting seat; 40. Heating lamp; 41. Second feeding chute; 42. Fourth rotating shaft; 43. Third motor; 44. Roller; 45. Conveyor belt; 46. Second groove; 47. Lifting plate; 48. L-shaped rod; 49. Second guide groove; 50. Arc groove; 51. Longitudinal groove; 52. Second moving block; 53. Cover plate; 54. Insert strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 10 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0032] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a low-rank coal calcination preheating device, comprising a bottom plate 1, a feed box 2 is arranged on the right side above the bottom plate 1, a feed hopper 5 is installed on the top of the feed box 2, a cover structure is installed on the top of the feed hopper 5, a crushing box 3 is installed on the right side of the feed box 2, a through slot 9 is opened in the middle between the crushing box 3 and the feed box 2, a rotating screening structure is arranged in the through slot 9, a crushing structure is arranged in the crushing box 3, and a first discharge chute 15 is opened below the crushing box 3 and the feed box 2. The lower inner wall of the crushing box 3 is tilted downward toward one side of the first material discharge chute 15, a preheating box 4 is installed at the bottom end of the feed box 2, the preheating box 4 and the bottom end of the crushing box 3 are supported on the bottom plate 1 through a support plate 7, a material discharge hopper 6 is installed on the left side below the preheating box 4, a second material discharge chute 41 connected to the feed box 2 is opened on the right side above the preheating box 4, a plurality of mounting seats 39 are installed on the left side of the upper inner wall of the preheating box 4, a heating lamp 40 is installed in the mounting seat 39, and a feeding structure is provided in the preheating box 4;

[0033] The rotating screening structure includes a first rotating shaft 13 that rotates through the groove walls on both sides of the through groove 9, two partitions 14 are connected to the first rotating shaft 13, and two rotating frames 11 are connected to the first rotating shaft 13. The rotating frames 11 and the partitions 14 are arranged at intervals from each other, and the rotating frames 11 and the partitions 14 are distributed at equal angles on the circumference of the first rotating shaft 13. A first sieve plate 12 is installed in the rotating frame 11, and a first motor 10 is installed at the position of the first rotating shaft 13 on the rear side of the feed box 2, and the output shaft of the first motor 10 is connected to the rear end of the first rotating shaft 13, and a first knocking structure is provided in the feed box 2 at a position below one of the first sieve plates 12;

[0034] The covering structure includes a longitudinal groove 51 provided at the upper part of the inner wall on the left side of the feed hopper 5, a second moving block 52 is slidably provided in the longitudinal groove 51, a fifth rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second moving block 52, a cover plate 53 is installed between the two fifth rotating shafts close to one end, an insertion strip 54 is installed at the middle part of the upper part of the cover plate 53, a slot is provided at the upper part of the inner wall on the front side of the feed hopper 5, a handle 8 is installed at the lower part of the rear side of the cover plate 53, when coal is added into the feed box 2 from the feed hopper 5, after feeding, the cover plate 53 is rotated flat with the fifth rotating shaft as the axis, the second moving block 52 slides in the longitudinal groove 51, the cover plate 53 is inserted into the top of the feed hopper 5, the insertion strip 54 on the cover plate 53 is inserted into the slot on the inner wall of the feed hopper 5, so as to cover the top of the feed hopper 5 The first screen plate 12 is used to block the smoke and dust generated during the screening process from entering the outside air from the feed hopper 5, so as to improve the quality of the working environment. When the coal falls onto the first screen plate 12, under the action of the first screen plate 12, small particles of coal can be screened off, and the small particles of coal blocks that are screened off fall from the second discharge chute 41 into the preheating box 4 for preheating, while large particles of coal stay on the first screen plate 12. At this time, the first motor 10 is started to drive the first rotating shaft 13 to rotate, and the first screen plate 12 and the partition plate 14 are driven to rotate as a whole, and then the large particles of coal on the first screen plate 12 are poured into the crushing box 3 for crushing, and the other first screen plate 12 in the crushing box 3 is rotated into the feed box 2 to continue the screening work. The partition plate 14 is in the through groove 9 to shield the coal.

[0035] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first knocking structure includes a first groove 16 opened on the inner wall of the feed box 2 below one of the first sieve plates 12, a lifting frame 17 is arranged in the first groove 16, and the lifting frame 17 is in a "U" shape. A cylinder is installed on the lower groove wall of the first groove 16, and the top end of the cylinder output shaft is connected to the lifting frame 17. The lifting frame 17 is provided with knocking rods 18 at the four corners close to the corresponding first sieve plate 12, and a knocking block 19 is installed on the top of the knocking rod 18. The knocking rod 18 is arranged on the lifting frame 17 through a moving structure;

[0036] The moving structure includes a guide groove 20 provided on the lifting frame 17 corresponding to each knocking rod 18, a first moving block 21 is slidably provided in the guide groove 20, the bottom end of the knocking rod 18 is connected to the first moving block 21, a vertical bar 22 is connected to the bottom of the first moving block 21, a fixing plate 25 is connected to the position of each vertical bar 22 on the lower groove wall of the first groove 16, a first guide groove 24 is provided on the fixing plate 25, the lower section of the first guide groove 24 is in a "Z" shape, a through rod 23 is fixedly passed through the bottom end of the vertical bar 22, and the through rod 23 movably passes through the first guide groove 24, and when the cylinder in the first groove 16 is started to drive the lifting frame 17 to move upward, the knocking rod 18 is driven The rod 18 and the knocking block 19 move upward as a whole, and at the same time, the through rod 23 slides in the first guide groove 24 to drive the first moving block 21 to move in the guide groove 20, thereby moving the knocking rod 18 and the knocking block 19 out of the first groove 16 to the bottom of the first screen plate 12, so that the upward knocking block 19 can smoothly knock the first screen plate 12, and the material screening work can be better performed on the first screen plate 12. When the lifting frame 17 moves down, the knocking rod 18 and the knocking block 19 are driven to move into the first groove 16 as a whole again, so that when the first rotating shaft 13 rotates the rotating frame 11, the knocking rod 18 and the knocking block 19 are prevented from interfering with the normal rotation of the rotating frame 11.

[0037] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 The crushing structure includes a second sieve plate 26 movably arranged in the crushing box 3, the second sieve plate 26 is located between the through slot 9 and the first unloading chute 15, and the inner wall of the crushing box 3 is fixedly installed with fixed blocks 37 at four corners near the second sieve plate 26, and each fixed block 37 is movably passed through a T-shaped rod 36, the top of the T-shaped rod 36 is connected to the second sieve plate 26, and a spring 38 is sleeved on the T-shaped rod 36, and the two ends of the spring 38 are respectively connected to the fixed block 37 and the bottom end of the T-shaped rod 36, and a second rotating shaft 27 is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the second sieve plate 26, and a plurality of crushing knives 28 are installed on the second rotating shaft 27, and the second rotating shaft 27 rotates to pass through the rear side of the crushing box 3, and a mounting frame 30 is installed at the position of the second rotating shaft 27 on the rear side of the crushing box 3, and a second motor 29 is installed on the mounting frame 30, and one end of the output shaft of the second motor 29 is connected to the second rotating shaft 27, and a second knocking structure is arranged at a position below the second sieve plate 26 in the crushing box 3;

[0038] The second knocking structure includes a third rotating shaft 32 that is rotatably inserted into the crushing box 3. One end of the third rotating shaft 32 inserted into the crushing box 3 is fixedly sleeved with a turntable 34. A plurality of knocking bars 35 are connected to the side circumference of the turntable 34 at equal intervals. A second gear 33 is fixedly sleeved at the rear end of the third rotating shaft 32. A first gear 31 is fixedly sleeved at the rear end of the second rotating shaft 27. The first gear 31 is meshedly connected with the second gear 33. When the sieved large-particle coal is poured onto the second sieve plate 26 in the crushing box 3, the second motor 29 on the mounting frame 30 is started to drive the second rotating shaft 27 and the crushing knife 28 rotates as a whole, and large particles of coal are crushed on the second sieve plate 26. The crushed coal is sieved off the second sieve plate 26, and then discharged from the first discharge chute 15 into the feed box 2, and then discharged from the feed box 2 into the preheating box 4. While the second rotating shaft 27 is rotating, the third rotating shaft 32 is driven to rotate through the first gear 31 and the second gear 33, thereby driving the overall rotation of the turntable 34 and the knocking bar 35. With the elastic force of the spring 38, the second sieve plate 26 can move up and down, so that the crushed coal can be better screened from the second sieve plate 26.

[0039] See also Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The feeding structure includes a fourth rotating shaft 42 that rotates through the preheating box 4 near both ends, and a roller 44 is fixedly sleeved on the part of each fourth rotating shaft 42 in the preheating box 4. A conveyor belt 45 is tightly sleeved on the two rollers 44. A third motor 43 is installed at the right end of the rear side of the preheating box 4. The output shaft of the third motor 43 is connected to the rear end of the corresponding fourth rotating shaft 42, and a material passing structure is provided on the conveyor belt 45;

[0040] The material passing structure includes a plurality of second grooves 46 which are evenly spaced on the conveyor belt 45, a lifting plate 47 is movably inserted into each second groove 46, and L-shaped rods 48 are connected to the front and rear ends of the lifting plate 47. Second guide grooves 49 are provided on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the preheating box 4, and a plurality of arc grooves 50 distributed at even intervals are provided on the groove wall of the second guide groove 49. One end of the L-shaped rod 48 is movably inserted into the second guide groove 49. When the third motor 43 is started to drive the conveyor belt 45 to rotate, the fallen coal can be moved toward the calcining equipment. The coal is transported to the preheating box 4 and preheated in the preheating box 4, so that the preheated and crushed coal can be better heated during calcination to improve the calcination efficiency. At the same time, the rotation of the conveyor belt 45 drives one end of the L-shaped rod 48 to slide in the second guide groove 49, and when one end of the L-shaped rod 48 slides in the arc groove 50, it can drive the lifting plate 47 to move up in the second groove 46, so as to clear the coal on the conveyor belt 45, so that the coal accumulated on the conveyor belt 45 can be better heated to improve the quality of the preheating work.

[0041] The implementation principle of the low-rank coal calcination preheating equipment of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: first, when the coal is added into the feed box 2 from the feed hopper 5, after the feeding, the cover plate 53 is rotated flat with the fifth rotating shaft as the axis, and the cover plate 53 is inserted into the top of the feed hopper 5 by sliding the second moving block 52 in the longitudinal groove 51, and the insert strip 54 on the cover plate 53 is inserted into the slot on the inner wall of the feed hopper 5, so as to shield the top of the feed hopper 5 to prevent the smoke and dust generated during the screening process from entering the outside air from the feed hopper 5, so as to improve the working environment quality. When the coal falls onto the first screen plate 12, under the action of the first screen plate 12, small particles of coal can be screened off, and the screened small particles of coal blocks fall from the second discharge chute 41 into the preheating box 4 for preheating, while large particles The coal stays on the first screen plate 12. At this time, the first motor 10 is started to drive the first rotating shaft 13 to rotate, and the first screen plate 12 and the partition plate 14 are driven to rotate as a whole, and then the large-particle coal on the first screen plate 12 is poured into the crushing box 3 for crushing, and the other first screen plate 12 in the crushing box 3 is rotated into the feed box 2 to continue the screening work. The partition plate 14 is in the through groove 9 to shield the coal. When the first screen plate 12 in the feed box 2 is screening, the cylinder in the first groove 16 is started to drive the lifting frame 17 to move upward, and the knocking rod 18 and the knocking block 19 are driven to move upward as a whole. At the same time, the sliding of the through rod 23 in the first guide groove 24 is used to drive the first moving block 21 to move in the guide groove 20, thereby the knocking rod 18 The knocking block 19 is moved out of the first groove 16 to the bottom of the first screen plate 12, so that the knocking block 19 that moves up can smoothly knock the first screen plate 12, so that the first screen plate 12 can better screen the material and improve the working efficiency. Then, the second motor 29 on the mounting frame 30 is started to drive the second rotating shaft 27 and the crushing knife 28 to rotate as a whole, and the large particles of coal are crushed on the second screen plate 26, and the crushed coal is sieved from the second screen plate 26, and then discharged from the first discharge chute 15 into the feed box 2, and discharged from the feed box 2 into the preheating box 4, and while the second rotating shaft 27 is rotating, the third rotating shaft 32 is driven to rotate through the first gear 31 and the second gear 33, thereby driving the turntable 34 and the knocking bar 35 as a whole. Rotate, cooperate with the elastic force of the spring 38, so that the second screen plate 26 can move up and down, so that the crushed coal can be better screened from the second screen plate 26, and then, when the third motor 43 is started to drive the conveyor belt 45 to rotate, the fallen coal can be transported to the calcining equipment, and the coal can be preheated in the preheating box 4, so that the preheated and crushed coal can be better heated during calcination, so as to improve the calcination efficiency. At the same time, the rotation of the conveyor belt 45 drives one end of the L-shaped rod 48 to slide in the second guide groove 49, and when one end of the L-shaped rod 48 slides in the arc groove 50, it can drive the lifting plate 47 to move up in the second groove 46, dredge the coal on the conveyor belt 45, so that the coal accumulated on the conveyor belt 45,It can be heated better to improve the quality of preheating work. Finally, the preheated coal is discharged from the hopper 6 to the calcining equipment for calcination.

[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-rank coal calcination preheating device, comprising a bottom plate (1), characterized in that: A feed box (2) is arranged on the right side above the bottom plate (1), a feed hopper (5) is installed on the top of the feed box (2), a cover structure is installed on the top of the feed hopper (5), a crushing box (3) is installed on the right side of the feed box (2), a through slot (9) is provided in the middle between the crushing box (3) and the feed box (2), a rotating screening structure is provided in the through slot (9), a crushing structure is provided in the crushing box (3), a first feed chute (15) is provided below between the crushing box (3) and the feed box (2), and the lower inner wall of the crushing box (3) is inclined toward the first feed chute. One side of the trough (15) is tilted downward, a preheating box (4) is installed at the bottom end of the feed box (2), the bottom ends of the preheating box (4) and the crushing box (3) are supported on the bottom plate (1) through a support plate (7), a lower hopper (6) is installed on the left side below the preheating box (4), a second lower trough (41) connected to the feed box (2) is opened on the right side above the preheating box (4), a plurality of mounting seats (39) are installed on the left side of the upper inner wall of the preheating box (4), a heating lamp (40) is installed in the mounting seat (39), and a material conveying structure is arranged inside the preheating box (4); The rotary screening structure comprises a first rotating shaft (13) which rotates through the groove walls on both sides of the through groove (9), two partitions (14) being connected to the first rotating shaft (13), two rotating frames (11) being connected to the first rotating shaft (13), the rotating frames (11) and the partitions (14) being arranged at intervals from each other, the rotating frames (11) and the partitions (14) being distributed at equal angles on the circumference of the first rotating shaft (13), a first screening plate (12) being installed in the rotating frame (11), a first motor (10) being installed on the rear side of the feed box (2) at the position of the first rotating shaft (13), an output shaft of the first motor (10) being connected to the rear end of the first rotating shaft (13), and a first knocking structure being arranged in the feed box (2) at a position below one of the first screening plates (12).

2. The low-rank coal calcination preheating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first knocking structure comprises a first groove (16) formed on the inner wall of the feed box (2) below one of the first sieve plates (12); a lifting frame (17) is arranged in the first groove (16); the lifting frame (17) is in a "U" shape; a cylinder is installed on the lower groove wall of the first groove (16); the top end of the cylinder output shaft is connected to the lifting frame (17); knocking rods (18) are arranged at four corners of the lifting frame (17) near the corresponding first sieve plate (12); a knocking block (19) is installed on the top end of the knocking rod (18); and the knocking rod (18) is arranged on the lifting frame (17) through a movable structure.

3. The low-rank coal calcination preheating device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The movable structure comprises a guide groove (20) provided on the lifting frame (17) corresponding to each knocking rod (18), a first movable block (21) being slidably arranged in the guide groove (20), the bottom end of the knocking rod (18) being connected to the first movable block (21), a vertical bar (22) being connected to the bottom of the first movable block (21), a fixing plate (25) being connected to the position of each vertical bar (22) at the lower groove wall of the first groove (16), a first guide groove (24) being provided on the fixing plate (25), the lower section of the first guide groove (24) being in a "Z" shape, a through rod (23) being fixedly passed through the bottom end of the vertical bar (22), and the through rod (23) being movably passed through the first guide groove (24).

4. The low-rank coal calcination preheating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The crushing structure comprises a second screen plate (26) movably arranged in the crushing box (3), the second screen plate (26) being located between the through slot (9) and the first material discharge slot (15), and fixed blocks (37) being fixedly installed at four corners of the inner wall of the crushing box (3) near the second screen plate (26), each of the fixed blocks (37) having a T-shaped rod (36) movably passing through it, the top end of the T-shaped rod (36) being connected to the second screen plate (26), and a spring (38) being sleeved on the T-shaped rod (36), and the two ends of the spring (38) being respectively connected to the fixed block (37) and the T-shaped rod (3 6), a second rotating shaft (27) is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the second screen plate (26), a plurality of crushing knives (28) are mounted on the second rotating shaft (27), the second rotating shaft (27) rotates to pass through the rear side of the crushing box (3), a mounting frame (30) is mounted on the rear side of the crushing box (3) at the position of the second rotating shaft (27), a second motor (29) is mounted on the mounting frame (30), one end of the output shaft of the second motor (29) is connected to the second rotating shaft (27), and a second knocking structure is arranged in the crushing box (3) at the position below the second screen plate (26).

5. The low-rank coal calcination preheating device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second striking structure comprises a third rotating shaft (32) which is rotatably inserted into the crushing box (3); one end of the third rotating shaft (32) which is inserted into the crushing box (3) is fixedly sleeved with a rotating disk (34); a plurality of striking bars (35) are connected to the side circumference of the rotating disk (34) at equal intervals; a second gear (33) is fixedly sleeved at the rear end of the third rotating shaft (32); a first gear (31) is fixedly sleeved at the rear end of the second rotating shaft (27); and the first gear (31) is meshingly connected with the second gear (33).

6. The low-rank coal calcination preheating device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The material conveying structure comprises a fourth rotating shaft (42) which rotates and passes through the preheating box (4) near both ends, a roller (44) is fixedly sleeved on the portion of each fourth rotating shaft (42) located in the preheating box (4), a conveyor belt (45) is tightly sleeved on two of the rollers (44), a third motor (43) is installed at the right end of the rear side of the preheating box (4), an output shaft of the third motor (43) is connected to the rear end of the corresponding fourth rotating shaft (42), and a material passing structure is arranged on the conveyor belt (45).

7. The low-rank coal calcination preheating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material passing structure comprises a plurality of second grooves (46) arranged at equal intervals on the conveyor belt (45), a lifting plate (47) being movably inserted into each of the second grooves (46), L-shaped rods (48) being connected to the front and rear ends of the lifting plate (47), second guide grooves (49) being arranged on the front and rear inner walls of the preheating box (4), a plurality of arc grooves (50) being arranged at equal intervals on the groove wall of the second guide groove (49), and one end of the L-shaped rod (48) being movably inserted into the second guide groove (49).

8. The low-rank coal calcination preheating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cover structure comprises a longitudinal groove (51) provided at the upper part of the inner wall of the left side of the feed hopper (5), a second movable block (52) being slidably arranged in the longitudinal groove (51), a fifth rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the second movable block (52), a cover plate (53) being installed between two ends of the fifth rotating shafts close to each other, an inserting strip (54) being installed at the middle part of the upper part of the cover plate (53), a slot being provided at the upper part of the inner wall of the front side of the feed hopper (5), and a handle (8) being installed at the lower part of the rear side of the cover plate (53).

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