Collaborative observation method, system and device for full life history of convective monomer, and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a collaborative observation method, system and device for the full life history of flow monomers, and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: tracking the motion trails of the same flow monomer; screening a proper convection monomer as a collaborative observation target; and selecting a weather radar to carry out continuous collaborative observation on the target convection monomer. According to the invention, the observation targets at the previous and later moments are ensured to be the same convection monomer through the identification and tracking technology of the convection monomer. Meanwhile, the method for selecting the collaborative observation radar based on the azimuth angle change of the observation target is provided, and it can be ensured that observation results of the previous and later moments have comparability. The method provided by the invention has important significance for monitoring the strength and vertical structure change of hail, tornado, downburst and thunderstorm strong wind and calculating physical parameters, and has important value for improving the application of a collaborative observation result in severe convection monitoring and early warning and mechanism research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological radar detection, and in particular relates to a collaborative observation method, system, equipment and storage medium for the entire life history of a convective cell. Background Art

[0002] Severe convective weather is a weather phenomenon caused by strong vertical movement of the atmosphere, such as thunderstorms, gale, hail and heavy rainfall. It is characterized by strong locality, small distribution range, strong suddenness and short duration, and is a difficult point in meteorological scientific research and operational forecasting. Severe convective weather processes usually contain complex three-dimensional structures. Studying these structural characteristics and their evolution laws is a prerequisite for accurate monitoring and early warning. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct collaborative observations of severe convective weather through networked weather radars to obtain refined data of severe convection with higher temporal and spatial resolution. Traditional collaborative observation methods have discontinuity problems in selecting collaborative observation targets and dispatching radars, that is, the collaborative observation results at two moments may be for different convective cells and completed by different radars. This brings inconvenience to the study of the evolution characteristics of the refined vertical structure of severe convective weather processes, and limits the monitoring and early warning capabilities of the collaborative observation system for severe convective weather processes. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a collaborative observation method, system, equipment and storage medium for the entire life history of a convective cell, so as to solve the problem that in traditional collaborative observation methods, the collaborative observation targets at different times lack correlation, the radar observation azimuths of the same target before and after are greatly different, and the fine vertical structure changes of strong convective cells cannot be well reflected.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows: a collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell includes: Track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell; Screening suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observations; Weather radars are selected to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cells.

[0005] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, and associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain the motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell; and / or Predict the movement trajectory of the convective cell at a future time based on the current and historical positions of the same convective cell, and select suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observation based on the intensity change of the reflectivity factor of the convective cell and the movement direction of the trajectory at a future time; and / or According to the moving direction of the target convective cell's trajectory and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, the weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

[0006] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, multiple different reflectivity factor thresholds of convection cells are set from low to high, and connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively, and the connected areas are screened, each of the screened connected areas corresponds to a convection cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in each of the screened connected areas is taken as the center of the corresponding convection cell, wherein the reflectivity factor threshold is 30dBZ~60dBZ; the connected area is a reflectivity factor data area in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment that is greater than the corresponding reflectivity factor threshold and is interconnected; the method for screening the connected area includes sequentially comparing whether all connected areas corresponding to two adjacent reflectivity factor thresholds overlap, and if there is overlap, deleting the connected area corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold and retaining the connected area corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold.

[0007] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a specific method for associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments includes: and The convective cells identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at two consecutive moments are paired one by one, and the sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convective cells in each pairing combination is calculated. The paired convective cells in the pairing combination with the smallest sum of distance values ​​are identified as the same convective cell at different moments. The above steps are repeated to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0008] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, according to a convection monomer Time and The moving trajectory before time is used to predict the convective cell. The moving track after time ,in Indicates future time The position of the convection cell, It represents the multiple of the future weather radar scanning cycle, and D represents the multiple of the future weather radar maximum scanning cycle; Determine the future movement trajectory of the convective cell Will it pass through a preset key observation area? ,if , then the moving track of the convection cell is retained; if , then the moving trajectory of the convection cell is discarded; For the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, calculate the movement trajectory of the convective cell in Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell , , express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, Indicates the trend of reflectivity factor used to calculate the change trend Number of weather radar puzzles, Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period in the past; According to the formula Calculate the priority of the co-observation for each convective cell, where express The weight of express The weight of ,according to The first Q convective cells are selected from the largest to the smallest as the targets of collaborative observation, among which: The value should satisfy , M represents the number of weather radars used for collaborative observation.

[0009] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the Q convective cells screened in the previous step are matched with weather radars for collaborative observation. For a certain convective cell, all I radars whose weather radar observation areas include the convective cell are selected from all available weather radars. If I=0, that is, the convective cell is outside the range of all available weather radar observation areas, the convective cell is not collaboratively observed; if I=1, the weather radar is directly selected to perform collaborative observation on the convective cell; If I>1, then select the convection cell in The N predicted track points after time t are calculated to calculate the azimuth of the N predicted track points of the convective cell relative to each weather radar after time t. , and the average value of the azimuth variation , ,in Indicates the multiple of the maximum scanning period of the weather radar. Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period. At the indicated time, the weather radar with the smallest average azimuth change is selected to conduct coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

[0010] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, after Q convective cells are matched to complete the collaborative observation of weather radars, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at subsequent moments continues to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0011] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present application also provides a collaborative observation system for the entire life history of a convective cell, including: The motion trajectory tracking module is used to track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell; The collaborative observation target acquisition module is used to select suitable convective cells as the targets of collaborative observation; The continuous collaborative observation module selects weather radar to conduct continuous collaborative observation of target convective cells.

[0012] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device, including a storage device and a processor, wherein the storage device stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the above method.

[0013] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the above method.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present application overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional collaborative observation method, that is, the collaborative observation targets at different times lack correlation, the radar observation azimuths of the same target before and after are greatly different, and the fine vertical structure changes of the strong convective monomer cannot be well reflected. The present invention ensures that the observation targets before and after are the same convective monomer through the identification and tracking technology of the convective monomer. At the same time, a method for selecting a collaborative observation radar based on the change in the azimuth of the observed target is proposed, which can ensure that the observation results before and after are comparable, so that the observation system can more accurately capture the subtle features and fine vertical structure of the same convective monomer over time. In this way, the evolution process of the convective monomer at different times can be presented more clearly, so that the system can analyze the development and change trend of strong convection through observation data at multiple times, thereby improving the early warning capability. The method provided by the present invention is of great significance for monitoring the intensity, vertical structure changes and physical parameter calculation of hail, tornadoes, downbursts and thunderstorms, and is of great value for improving the application of collaborative observation results in monitoring, early warning and mechanism research of strong convection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the collaborative observation method for the whole life history of convective cells of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of identifying a convective cell from a weather radar mosaic at a single moment provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of associating the same monomer identified in multiple consecutive moment puzzles provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of selecting convective cells as collaborative observation targets based on trajectory moving direction provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of screening a radar with the smallest azimuth change for continuous collaborative observation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of radar echo simulation of a weather process provided by an experimental example of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of identifying a convective cell from a weather radar mosaic at a single moment provided for an experimental example of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of associating the same monomer identified in multiple consecutive moment puzzles provided in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell provided in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of screening convective cells as collaborative observation targets based on trajectory moving direction provided in an experimental example of the present invention; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of screening radars with the smallest azimuth angle change for continuous collaborative observation provided by an experimental example of the present invention; Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the collaborative observation results of a convective cell by radar R1 provided in the experimental example of the present invention; Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the results of collaborative observation of convective cells by radar R2 provided in the experimental example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0017] The technical solution of this application is as follows: See also Figure 1 In a first aspect, the present application provides a collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell, including: S01. Track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell; S02. Screening of suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observation; S03. Select weather radar to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

[0018] The present application overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional collaborative observation method, that is, the collaborative observation targets at different times lack correlation, the radar observation azimuths of the same target before and after are greatly different, and the fine vertical structure changes of the strong convective monomer cannot be well reflected. The present invention ensures that the observation targets before and after are the same convective monomer through the identification and tracking technology of the convective monomer. At the same time, a method for selecting a collaborative observation radar based on the change in the azimuth of the observed target is proposed, which can ensure that the observation results before and after are comparable, so that the observation system can more accurately capture the subtle features and fine vertical structure of the same convective monomer over time. In this way, the evolution process of the convective monomer at different times can be presented more clearly, so that the system can analyze the development and change trend of strong convection through observation data at multiple times, thereby improving the early warning capability. The method provided by the present invention is of great significance for monitoring the intensity, vertical structure changes and physical parameter calculation of hail, tornadoes, downbursts and thunderstorms, and is of great value for improving the application of collaborative observation results in monitoring, early warning and mechanism research of strong convection.

[0019] In the S01: In some embodiments, a method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, and associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain the motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell.

[0020] Furthermore, for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, multiple different reflectivity factor thresholds of convective cells are set from low to high, and the connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively, and the connected areas are screened. Each of the connected areas after screening corresponds to a convective cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all the reflectivity factor data in each of the connected areas after screening is taken as the center of the corresponding convective cell.

[0021] Furthermore, the reflectivity factor threshold is 30dBZ~60dBZ, for example, it can be 30dBZ, 31dBZ, 32dBZ, 33dBZ, 34dBZ, 35dBZ, 36dBZ, 37dBZ, 38dBZ, 39dBZ, 40dBZ, 41dBZ, 42dBZ, 43dBZ, 44dBZ, 45dBZ, 46dBZ, 47dBZ, 48dBZ, 49dBZ, 50dBZ, 51dBZ, 52dBZ, 53dBZ, 54dBZ, 55dBZ, 56dBZ, 57dBZ, 58dBZ, 59dBZ, 60dBZ, etc.

[0022] It can be understood that the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment is the weighted average reflectivity factor data of multiple weather radars at the same moment, at the same altitude or at different altitudes.

[0023] It can be understood that the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments are the weighted average reflectivity factor data of multiple weather radars at different moments at the same altitude or at different altitudes.

[0024] Furthermore, the connected area is a reflectivity factor data area in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment that is greater than the corresponding reflectivity factor threshold and is interconnected.

[0025] Furthermore, the mutual connectivity includes four-connectivity and / or eight-connectivity.

[0026] Furthermore, the method for screening the connected areas includes comparing in turn whether all connected areas corresponding to two adjacent reflectivity factor thresholds overlap. If there is overlap, the connected areas corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold are deleted, and the connected areas corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold are retained.

[0027] It can be understood that if there is no overlap, the connected area corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold and the connected area corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold are retained respectively.

[0028] For example, see Figure 2 , set two different reflectivity factor thresholds of convective cells from low to high, 30dBZ and 35dBZ, and obtain the connected areas greater than each reflectivity factor threshold from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment. The results are shown in Figure 2 In (a), compare whether all connected areas corresponding to the reflectivity factor thresholds 30dBZ and 35dBZ overlap, because Figure 2 In (a), the connected area corresponding to the 35dBZ of the lower convection cell overlaps with the connected area corresponding to the 30dBZ, so only the area corresponding to the 35dBZ is retained. The result is as follows: Figure 2(b) Each retained connected area corresponds to a convection cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in the connected area is taken as the center of the corresponding convection cell, such as Figure 2 Indicated by the “+” mark in (b).

[0029] Furthermore, a specific method for associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments includes: and The convective cells identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at two consecutive moments are paired one by one, and the sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convective cells in each pairing combination is calculated. The paired convective cells in the pairing combination with the smallest sum of distance values ​​are identified as the same convective cell at different moments. The above steps are repeated to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0030] Furthermore, the same convection cell is marked after being identified and completed at different times.

[0031] It can be understood that when the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at two consecutive moments respectively identify multiple (m≥2) convective cells, there will be multiple pairing combinations of one-to-one pairing. Specifically, assuming that there are two convective cells at time t, convective cell 1 and convective cell 2, and there are two convective cells at time t+1, convective cell 3 and convective cell 4, there are two pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, namely, convective cell 1 is paired with convective cell 3, and convective cell 2 is paired with convective cell 4, or convective cell 1 is paired with convective cell 4, and convective cell 2 is paired with convective cell 3.

[0032] For example, see Figure 3 ,exist and Two convective cells are identified at each moment. Therefore, there are two one-to-one pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, respectively. Figure 3 The black solid and dotted lines in the figure represent the sum of the distances between the paired convection cells under the two pairing combinations. It can be seen that the sum of the distances between the paired convection cells under the pairing combination represented by the solid line is the smallest. Therefore, the convection cells connected by the solid line are defined as and The same convective cell at the same moment is matched and assigned unique labels C1 and C2. The above operation is repeated for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the movement trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0033] In the S02: In some embodiments, the moving trajectory of the convective cell at a future moment is predicted based on the position of the same convective cell at a current moment and a historical moment, and a suitable convective cell is selected as a target of collaborative observation based on the intensity change of the reflectivity factor of the convective cell and the moving direction of the trajectory at a future moment.

[0034] Furthermore, according to the Time and The moving trajectory before time is used to predict the convective cell. The moving track after time ,in Indicates future time The position of the convection cell, It represents the multiple of the future weather radar scanning period, and D represents the multiple of the future weather radar maximum scanning period.

[0035] Furthermore, it is possible to determine the future movement trajectory of the convective cell. Will it pass through a preset key observation area? ,if , then the moving track of the convection cell is retained; if , the moving trajectory of the convection cell is discarded.

[0036] Furthermore, for the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, the movement of the convective cell in Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell , , express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, Indicates the trend of reflectivity factor used to calculate the change trend Number of weather radar puzzles, Indicates the number of times the weather radar scan period has passed.

[0037] Furthermore, according to the formula Calculate the priority of the co-observation for each convective cell, where express The weight of express The weight of ,according to The first Q convective cells are selected from the largest to the smallest as the targets of collaborative observation, among which: The value should satisfy , M represents the number of weather radars used for collaborative observation.

[0038] For example, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 Three different convective cells are shown in The predicted trajectories of the three different convective cells are track1_p, track2_p and track3_p. If track1_p does not pass through the preset key observation area, the movement trajectory of the convective cell will be discarded; the future movement trajectories of track2_p and track3_p pass through the key observation area, so the movement trajectories of these two convective cells are retained. Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell Determine the priority of coordinated observations for each convective cell.

[0039] In said S03: In some embodiments, based on the moving direction of the target convective cell's trajectory and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, a weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to perform continuous collaborative observation of the target convective cell.

[0040] Furthermore, the Q convective cells selected in the previous step are matched with the weather radars for collaborative observation. For a certain convective cell, all I radars whose weather radar observation areas include the convective cell are selected from all available weather radars. If I=0, that is, the convective cell is outside the range of all available weather radar observation areas, the convective cell will not be collaboratively observed; if I=1, the weather radar will be directly selected to conduct collaborative observation on the convective cell; If I>1, then select the convection cell in The N predicted track points after time t are calculated to calculate the azimuth of the N predicted track points of the convective cell relative to each weather radar after time t. , and the average value of the azimuth variation , ,in Indicates the multiple of the maximum scanning period of the weather radar. Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period. At the indicated time, the weather radar with the smallest average azimuth change is selected to conduct coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

[0041] Furthermore, after the Q convective cells are matched with the weather radars that have completed the collaborative observation, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at the subsequent moment continues to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0042] It can be understood that after the collaborative observation weather radar and the convective cell are matched, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at subsequent moments will no longer be screened and matched with the weather radar according to the method described in steps S02 and S03, but will continue to use the weather radar matched at the previous moment for collaborative observation until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0043] For example, see Figure 5 , Figure 5 The moving tracks of the convective cells of the two weather radars to be assigned for cooperative observation (track2_p and track3_p) are shown. Assume that track2_p, which has a higher priority for cooperative observation, is within the observation range of weather radars R1 and R2. Calculate the azimuths of the N predicted track points on track2_p after time t relative to R1 and R2 respectively. , and calculate the average value of the azimuth change By comparison Figure 5 From the azimuth change in the weather radar R1, we can see that the azimuth change Smaller than the azimuth change of weather radar R2 Therefore, the weather radar R1 is selected to continuously coordinate the observation of the convective cell corresponding to track2_p, and the weather radar R1 is continued to be used to coordinate the observation of the convective cell corresponding to track2_p at subsequent moments until the convective cell corresponding to track2_p disappears or moves out of the observation range of R1.

[0044] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a collaborative observation system for the entire life history of a convective cell, including: The motion trajectory tracking module is used to track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell; The collaborative observation target acquisition module is used to select suitable convective cells as the targets of collaborative observation; The continuous collaborative observation module selects weather radar to conduct continuous collaborative observation of target convective cells.

[0045] In the motion trajectory tracking module: In some embodiments, a method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, and associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain the motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell.

[0046] Furthermore, for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, multiple different reflectivity factor thresholds of convective cells are set from low to high, and the connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively, and the connected areas are screened. Each of the connected areas after screening corresponds to a convective cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all the reflectivity factor data in each of the connected areas after screening is taken as the center of the corresponding convective cell.

[0047] Furthermore, the reflectivity factor threshold is 30dBZ~60dBZ, for example, it can be 30dBZ, 31dBZ, 32dBZ, 33dBZ, 34dBZ, 35dBZ, 36dBZ, 37dBZ, 38dBZ, 39dBZ, 40dBZ, 41dBZ, 42dBZ, 43dBZ, 44dBZ, 45dBZ, 46dBZ, 47dBZ, 48dBZ, 49dBZ, 50dBZ, 51dBZ, 52dBZ, 53dBZ, 54dBZ, 55dBZ, 56dBZ, 57dBZ, 58dBZ, 59dBZ, 60dBZ, etc.

[0048] It can be understood that the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment is the weighted average reflectivity factor data of multiple weather radars at the same moment, at the same altitude or at different altitudes.

[0049] It can be understood that the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments are the weighted average reflectivity factor data of multiple weather radars at different moments at the same altitude or at different altitudes.

[0050] Furthermore, the connected area is a reflectivity factor data area in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment that is greater than the corresponding reflectivity factor threshold and is interconnected.

[0051] Furthermore, the mutual connectivity includes four-connectivity and / or eight-connectivity.

[0052] Furthermore, the method for screening the connected areas includes comparing in turn whether all connected areas corresponding to two adjacent reflectivity factor thresholds overlap. If there is overlap, the connected areas corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold are deleted, and the connected areas corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold are retained.

[0053] It can be understood that if there is no overlap, the connected area corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold and the connected area corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold are retained respectively.

[0054] For example, see Figure 2 , set two different reflectivity factor thresholds of convective cells from low to high, 30dBZ and 35dBZ, and obtain the connected areas greater than each reflectivity factor threshold from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment. The results are shown in Figure 2 In (a), compare whether all connected areas corresponding to the reflectivity factor thresholds 30dBZ and 35dBZ overlap, because Figure 2 In (a), the connected area corresponding to the 35dBZ of the lower convection cell overlaps with the connected area corresponding to the 30dBZ, so only the area corresponding to the 35dBZ is retained. The result is as follows: Figure 2 (b) Each retained connected area corresponds to a convection cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in the connected area is taken as the center of the corresponding convection cell, such as Figure 2 Indicated by the “+” mark in (b).

[0055] Furthermore, a specific method for associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data at multiple consecutive moments includes: and The convective cells identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at two consecutive moments are paired one by one, and the sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convective cells in each pairing combination is calculated. The paired convective cells in the pairing combination with the smallest sum of distance values ​​are identified as the same convective cell at different moments. The above steps are repeated to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0056] Furthermore, the same convection cell is marked after being identified and completed at different times.

[0057] It can be understood that when the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at two consecutive moments respectively identify multiple (m≥2) convective cells, there will be multiple pairing combinations of one-to-one pairing. Specifically, assuming that there are two convective cells at time t, convective cell 1 and convective cell 2, and there are two convective cells at time t+1, convective cell 3 and convective cell 4, there are two pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, namely, convective cell 1 is paired with convective cell 3, and convective cell 2 is paired with convective cell 4, or convective cell 1 is paired with convective cell 4, and convective cell 2 is paired with convective cell 3.

[0058] For example, see Figure 3 ,exist and Two convective cells are identified at each moment. Therefore, there are two one-to-one pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, respectively. Figure 3 The black solid and dotted lines in the figure represent the sum of the distances between the paired convection cells under the two pairing combinations. It can be seen that the sum of the distances between the paired convection cells under the pairing combination represented by the solid line is the smallest. Therefore, the convection cells connected by the solid line are defined as and The same convective cell at the same moment is matched and assigned unique labels C1 and C2. The above operation is repeated for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the movement trajectory of the same convective cell.

[0059] In the collaborative observation target acquisition module: In some embodiments, the moving trajectory of the convective cell at a future moment is predicted based on the position of the same convective cell at a current moment and a historical moment, and a suitable convective cell is selected as a target of collaborative observation based on the intensity change of the reflectivity factor of the convective cell and the moving direction of the trajectory at a future moment.

[0060] Furthermore, according to the Time and The moving trajectory before time is used to predict the convective cell. The moving track after time ,in Indicates future time The position of the convection cell, It represents the multiple of the future weather radar scanning period, and D represents the multiple of the future weather radar maximum scanning period.

[0061] Furthermore, it is possible to determine the future movement trajectory of the convective cell. Will it pass through a preset key observation area? ,if , then the moving track of the convection cell is retained; if , the moving trajectory of the convection cell is discarded.

[0062] Furthermore, for the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, the movement of the convective cell in Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell , , express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, Indicates the trend of reflectivity factor used to calculate the change trend Number of weather radar puzzles, Indicates the number of times the weather radar scan period has passed.

[0063] Furthermore, according to the formula Calculate the priority of the co-observation for each convective cell, where express The weight of express The weight of ,according to The first Q convective cells are selected from the largest to the smallest as the targets of collaborative observation, among which: The value should satisfy , M represents the number of weather radars used for collaborative observation.

[0064] For example, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 Three different convective cells are shown in The predicted trajectories of the three different convective cells are track1_p, track2_p and track3_p. If track1_p does not pass through the preset key observation area, the movement trajectory of the convective cell will be discarded; the future movement trajectories of track2_p and track3_p pass through the key observation area, so the movement trajectories of these two convective cells are retained. Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell Determine the priority of coordinated observations for each convective cell.

[0065] In the continuous collaborative observation module: In some embodiments, based on the moving direction of the target convective cell's trajectory and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, a weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to perform continuous collaborative observation of the target convective cell.

[0066] Furthermore, the Q convective cells selected in the previous step are matched with the weather radars for collaborative observation. For a certain convective cell, all I radars whose weather radar observation areas include the convective cell are selected from all available weather radars. If I=0, that is, the convective cell is outside the range of all available weather radar observation areas, the convective cell will not be collaboratively observed; if I=1, the weather radar will be directly selected to conduct collaborative observation on the convective cell; If I>1, then select the convection cell in The N predicted track points after time t are calculated to calculate the azimuth of the N predicted track points of the convective cell relative to each weather radar after time t. , and the average value of the azimuth variation , ,in Indicates the multiple of the maximum scanning period of the weather radar. Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period. At the indicated time, the weather radar with the smallest average azimuth change is selected to conduct coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

[0067] Furthermore, after the Q convective cells are matched with the weather radars that have completed the collaborative observation, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at the subsequent moment continues to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0068] It can be understood that after the collaborative observation weather radar and the convective cell are matched, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at subsequent moments will no longer be screened and matched with the weather radar according to the method described in steps S02 and S03, but will continue to use the weather radar matched at the previous moment for collaborative observation until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

[0069] For example, see Figure 5 , Figure 5 The moving tracks of the convective cells of the two weather radars to be assigned for cooperative observation (track2_p and track3_p) are shown. Assume that track2_p, which has a higher priority for cooperative observation, is within the observation range of weather radars R1 and R2. Calculate the azimuths of the N predicted track points on track2_p after time t relative to R1 and R2 respectively. , and calculate the average value of the azimuth change By comparison Figure 5 From the azimuth change in the weather radar R1, we can see that the azimuth change Smaller than the azimuth change of weather radar R2 Therefore, the weather radar R1 is selected to continuously coordinate the observation of the convective cell corresponding to track2_p, and the weather radar R1 is continued to be used to coordinate the observation of the convective cell corresponding to track2_p at subsequent moments until the convective cell corresponding to track2_p disappears or moves out of the observation range of R1.

[0070] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell as described above.

[0071] The computer device may be a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, a cloud server, etc. The computer device may interact with the user through a keyboard, a mouse, a remote control, a touch pad, or a voice control device.

[0072] The memory includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (for example, SD or D interface display memory, etc.), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory may be an internal storage unit of the computer device, such as a hard disk or memory of the computer device. In other embodiments, the memory may also be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (SmartMediaCard, SMC), a secure digital (SecureDigital, SD) card, a flash card (FlashCard), etc. equipped on the computer device. Of course, the memory may also include both the internal storage unit of the computer device and its external storage device. In this embodiment, the memory is often used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the computer device, such as the program code of the collaborative observation method for the whole life history of convective cells, etc. In addition, the memory may also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or are to be output.

[0073] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other data processing chip in some embodiments. The processor is generally used to control the overall operation of the computer device. In this embodiment, the processor is used to run the program code stored in the memory or process data, such as running the program code of the collaborative observation method for the whole life history of convective cells.

[0074] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell as described above.

[0075] The computer-readable storage medium stores an interface display program, and the interface display program can be executed by at least one processor so that the at least one processor executes the steps of the collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell as described above.

[0076] Experimental example The radar echo of a weather process is simulated by meteorological numerical simulation software, and the simulation results are output as 8 consecutive frames of data at 6-minute intervals (consistent with the radar scanning cycle), and each frame corresponds to a weather radar scanning cycle. The weather radar reflectivity factor at an altitude of 2 km for each frame of data is taken as the puzzle data (such as Figure 6 ), where Figure 6 (b) represents the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at time t (current time), Figure 6 (a) represents the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at time t-1 (6 minutes before the current time), Figure 6 (c) represents the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at time t+1 (6 minutes after the current time), and so on, we get Figure 6 (df) represents the weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data from t+2 to t+6 (each time interval is 6 minutes). According to the above steps S01 to S03, the process and results of the collaborative observation of the whole life history of a convective cell are reproduced.

[0077] According to the description of step S01, in this experimental example, multiple reflectivity factor thresholds (50dBZ, 51dBZ, 52dBZ, 53dBZ, 54dBZ, 55dBZ) from low to high are set for each frame of puzzle data, and the connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively. Figure 7 (a) further shows the connected area processing results at time t-1, and the connected areas corresponding to the reflectivity factor thresholds 51dBZ, 52dBZ, 53dBZ, and 54dBZ are obtained respectively. The connected areas corresponding to the reflectivity factor thresholds 51dBZ and 52dBZ overlap, so only the connected area corresponding to the reflectivity factor threshold 52dBZ is retained. Similarly, the connected areas corresponding to the reflectivity factor thresholds 53dBZ and 54dBZ overlap, so only the connected area corresponding to the reflectivity factor threshold 54dBZ is retained. The connected area results after the overlapping area screening are shown in Figure 7 (b), each of the connected regions after screening corresponds to a convection cell, and its center position is as follows Figure 7 (b) is indicated by the “+” mark. The above steps were repeated for the other 7 frames of mosaic data, and convective cells were identified (such as Figure 6 ”+ sign in the .

[0078] Furthermore, the same convective cell identified in the 8 consecutive frames of weather radar reflectivity factor mosaic data is associated. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, two convective cells are identified at time t-1 and time t. There are two pairing combinations of convective cells at these two consecutive moments, as shown in Figure 8 The black solid line and dotted line in the figure are shown. Comparing the sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convection cells under the two pairing combinations, it can be seen that the sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convection cells under the pairing combination represented by the solid line is the smallest. Therefore, the convection cells connected by the solid line are defined as -1 and The same convective cell at the same moment is assigned unique labels C2 and C3. The above operation is repeated for the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at other consecutive moments to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the movement trajectory of the same convective cell. The results are as follows: Fig. 9 shown. Fig. 9 It is shown that in this experimental example, two convective cells were obtained from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at 8 consecutive moments, and their corresponding tracks are represented by track 2 and track 3. The "x" mark in each track indicates the center position of the convective cell at the current moment, the black dot indicates the center position of the convective cell at the previous moment, and the gray dot indicates the center position of the convective cell at the future moment.

[0079] According to the description of step S02, in this experimental example, the convective cells identified according to step S01 are analyzed to select the targets for collaborative observation. Fig.10 As shown in the figure, according to the positions of convective cells C2 and C3 at time t and time t-1, their trajectory movement directions at future moments are predicted respectively, and the predicted trajectories of convective cells C2 and C3 are obtained as track2_p and track3_p. The "x" mark in each trajectory indicates the center position of the convective cell at the current moment, the black dot indicates the center position of the convective cell at the previous moment, and the white dot indicates the predicted center position of the convective cell at the future moment. According to the trajectory movement direction at the future moment, it can be judged that the predicted trajectory track2_p of the convective cell C2 will pass through the preset key observation area P (i.e. ), the predicted trajectory track3_p of the convective cell C3 will not pass through the preset key observation area P (i.e. ). Therefore, the convective cell C2 (corresponding to track 2) is selected as the target of collaborative observation.

[0080] According to the description of step S03, the convective cell C2 selected according to step S02 is assigned a suitable weather radar for collaborative observation, as follows: Fig.11The convective cell C2 has two optional cooperative observation radars R1 and R2, which respectively calculate the azimuth angles of the N predicted track points of the convective cell C2 predicted track track2_p after time t relative to R1 and R2. , and calculate the average value of the azimuth change The results are shown in Table 1. Fig.11 From the azimuth changes in Table 1, we can see that the azimuth changes of weather radar R1 are Smaller than the azimuth change of weather radar R2 Therefore, the weather radar R1 is selected to continuously coordinate the observation of the convective cell C2, and the weather radar R1 is continued to be used to coordinate the observation of the convective cell C2 at subsequent moments until the convective cell C2 disappears or moves out of the observation range of R1.

[0081] Table 1 Azimuths of R1 and R2 observations and their average values Fig.12 The results of the coordinated observation of convective cell C2 by radar R1 from time t+1 to time t+6 are shown. It can be seen that the coordinated observation results of radar R1 have good continuity and can clearly reproduce the process of the target convective cell from maturity to weakening, as well as the process of the convective cell in front of it. Assuming that R1 is not selected for coordinated observation according to step S03, but R2 is selected for coordinated observation, the corresponding coordinated observation results are as follows Fig.13 As shown. Fig.12 It can be seen that the results obtained by using radar R2 for collaborative observation lack time continuity, the morphology and structure of the convective cell change greatly, and it is difficult to estimate the law of its development and evolution. The analysis of the results of this experimental example once again proves that the use of the steps described in the present invention for collaborative observation can better reproduce the law of change of the vertical structure of the convective cell, which is of great significance to business monitoring, early warning and mechanism research.

[0082] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, disk, CD), and includes a number of instructions for a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server or network device, etc.) to execute the collaborative observation method for the entire life history of convective cells described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collaborative observation method for the entire life history of a convective cell, characterized in that: include: Track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell; Screening suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observations; Weather radars are selected to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cells.

2. The collaborative observation method for the whole life history of a convective cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for tracking the motion trajectory of the same convective cell includes: identifying the convective cell from the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, and associating the same convective cell identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at multiple consecutive moments to obtain the motion trajectory tracking of the same convective cell; and / or Predict the movement trajectory of the convective cell at a future time based on the current and historical positions of the same convective cell, and select suitable convective cells as targets for collaborative observation based on the intensity change of the reflectivity factor of the convective cell and the movement direction of the trajectory at a future time; and / or According to the moving direction of the target convective cell's trajectory and the distance between the target convective cell and the weather radar, the weather radar with the smallest scanning azimuth angle change is selected from multiple weather radars to conduct continuous coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

3. The collaborative observation method for the whole life history of a convective cell according to claim 2 is characterized in that: For the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment, multiple reflectivity factor thresholds of different convective cells are set from low to high, and the connected areas corresponding to each reflectivity factor threshold are obtained respectively, and the connected areas are screened. Each of the screened connected areas corresponds to a convective cell, and the average value of the coordinates corresponding to all reflectivity factor data in each of the screened connected areas is taken as the center of the corresponding convective cell, wherein the reflectivity factor threshold is 30dBZ~60dBZ; the connected area is a reflectivity factor data area in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at a single moment that is greater than the corresponding reflectivity factor threshold and is interconnected; the method for screening the connected area includes sequentially comparing whether all the connected areas corresponding to two adjacent reflectivity factor thresholds overlap, and if there is overlap, deleting the connected area corresponding to the smaller reflectivity factor threshold and retaining the connected area corresponding to the larger reflectivity factor threshold.

4. The collaborative observation method for the whole life history of a convective cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific method for associating the same convective cell identified in the mosaic data of weather radar reflectivity factors at multiple consecutive moments includes: and The convective cells identified in the weather radar reflectivity factor puzzle data at two consecutive moments are paired one by one, and the sum of the distance values ​​between the paired convective cells in each pairing combination is calculated. The paired convective cells in the pairing combination with the smallest sum of distance values ​​are identified as the same convective cell at different moments. The above steps are repeated to complete the pairing of all convective cells and the tracking of the motion trajectory of the same convective cell.

5. The collaborative observation method for the whole life history of a convective cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to a convection cell Time and The moving trajectory before time is used to predict the convective cell. After a certain time, the moving track ,in Indicates future time The position of the convection cell, It represents the multiple of the future weather radar scanning cycle, and D represents the multiple of the future weather radar maximum scanning cycle; Determine the future movement trajectory of the convective cell Will it pass through a preset key observation area? ,if , then the moving track of the convection cell is retained; if , then the moving trajectory of the convection cell is discarded; For the movement trajectory of the retained convective cell, calculate the movement trajectory of the convective cell in Reflectivity factor change trend at each moment and the maximum reflectivity factor of the convective cell , , express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, express The average value of the reflectivity factor in the connected area of ​​the convection cell at the moment, Indicates the trend of reflectivity factor used to calculate the change trend Number of weather radar puzzles, Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period in the past; According to the formula Calculate the priority of the co-observation for each convective cell, where express The weight of express The weight of ,according to The first Q convective cells are selected from the largest to the smallest as the targets of collaborative observation, among which: The value should satisfy , M represents the number of weather radars used for collaborative observation.

6. The collaborative observation method for the whole life history of a convective cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: Match the Q convective cells selected in the previous step with the weather radars for collaborative observation. For a certain convective cell, select all I radars whose weather radar observation areas include the convective cell from all available weather radars. If I=0, that is, the convective cell is outside the range of all available weather radar observation areas, then the convective cell will not be collaboratively observed; if I=1, then the weather radar will be directly selected to conduct collaborative observation on the convective cell; If I>1, then select the convection cell in The N predicted track points after time t are calculated to calculate the azimuth of the N predicted track points of the convective cell relative to each weather radar after time t. , and the average value of the azimuth variation , ,in Indicates the multiple of the maximum scanning period of the weather radar. Indicates the multiple of the weather radar scanning period. At the indicated time, the weather radar with the smallest average azimuth change is selected to conduct coordinated observation of the target convective cell.

7. The collaborative observation method for the whole life history of a convective cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: After matching Q convective cells with weather radars that have completed collaborative observation, the same convective cell identified in the weather radar puzzle at subsequent moments continues to be collaboratively observed using the weather radar matched at the previous moment until the convective cell disappears or moves out of the observation range of the matching weather radar.

8. A collaborative observation system for the entire life cycle of convective cells, characterized by: include: The motion trajectory tracking module is used to track the motion trajectory of the same convection cell; The collaborative observation target acquisition module is used to select suitable convective cells as the targets of collaborative observation; The continuous collaborative observation module selects weather radar to conduct continuous collaborative observation of target convective cells.

9. Computer device, characterized in that The invention comprises a storage and a processor, wherein the storage stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is caused to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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