Battery module and battery system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of batteries, and provides a battery module and a battery system. The battery module comprises a plurality of battery units which are connected in series, each battery unit is provided with a circuit board, each circuit board is provided with an AFE module and a coil, and the adjacent battery units are mutually coupled through the coils so as to realize communication connection. The battery system comprises a controller and a battery pack, the battery pack comprises a plurality of battery modules, the plurality of battery modules are connected in series, and the controller is configured to encode data in a phase encoding mode and communicate with battery units in the battery pack in a baseband communication mode. According to the battery module and the battery system, a low-cost wireless communication mode can be realized, and the battery module and the battery system are simple to assemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application mainly relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery module and a battery system. Background Art

[0002] Battery systems are an important part of new energy fields, such as automobiles, industry, and energy storage. The battery system includes a controller and a battery pack. The battery pack includes multiple battery modules, and each battery module includes multiple battery cells. In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the battery pack, the status of all battery cells needs to be monitored. The Analog Front End (AFE) integrated circuit (IC) is responsible for measuring the key characteristics of the battery cell, such as battery voltage, temperature, and impedance. Figure 1 1 shows an exemplary battery system, which includes a controller 110 and a battery pack 120, wherein the battery pack 120 includes two battery modules 121. Each battery module includes a plurality of battery cells 130 and a corresponding AFE integrated circuit 140. Figure 1 As shown, the battery system further includes a current sensor 150 and a switch 160. The current sensor 150 is used to sense the current of the battery pack 120. The switch 160 is used to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack 120.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, in a system using a single battery cell AFE, each battery cell 130 has its own dedicated AFE integrated circuit 140. Multiple AFE integrated circuits 140 are usually connected in a daisy chain manner, and the central controller 110 communicates with them through a communication line. The central controller 110 has a communication interface, which is used to send and receive commands or data. For example, instructions are sent from the central controller 110 to each AFE integrated circuit 140, and the AFE integrated circuit 140 sends measurement data to the central controller 110. Due to the daisy chain structure, the measurement data obtained from all AFE integrated circuits 140 can be efficiently processed, that is, the central controller 110 uses commands to request data, and all AFE integrated circuits 140 send back measurement data in sequence. In addition, a clock signal can be extracted from the communication signal (such as Manchester encoding), so that a phase-locked loop (PLL) can be used to synchronize each AFE integrated circuit 140 in the chain. This means that all AFE integrated circuits 140 are locked, thereby ensuring synchronous operation. This is particularly important for the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) function of the integrated circuit.

[0004] from Figure 1It can also be seen that the battery cells 130 in each battery module 121 are close to each other, and the communication lines between the AFE integrated circuits 140 are very short (daisy chain topology). The connection between adjacent battery modules 121 may be longer. In this case, for safety reasons, the communication lines also need to be electrically isolated.

[0005] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A further detailed overview of a module is shown in . Figure 2 As shown, each battery cell 130 has its own dedicated circuit board 210, and the AFE integrated circuit 140 is provided in the form of a chip on the circuit board 210. During installation, it is necessary to use a communication line 220 to connect all the AFE integrated circuits 140 in each battery module 121. However, after the battery module 121 is assembled, welding the communication line 220 in the module is both expensive and inconvenient. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem that the current internal communication connection method of the battery module is both expensive and inconvenient, the present application provides a battery module and a battery system including the battery module, which can realize a low-cost wireless communication method within the battery module.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a battery module, comprising: a plurality of battery cells connected in series, wherein each battery cell is provided with a circuit board, the circuit board is provided with an AFE module and a coil, and adjacent battery cells are coupled to each other through the coil to achieve communication connection.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present application, the battery cell includes a first battery cell and a second adjacent battery cell, the coil on the first battery cell is a first coil, the coil on the second battery cell is a second coil, the first coil and the second coil are arranged opposite to each other, and there is a gap between the first coil and the second coil.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the circuit board includes a top circuit board located on the top surface of the battery cell, the coil is arranged on the top circuit board, and in the height direction of the battery cell, the first coil is higher than the second coil, and the projections of the first coil and the second coil in the height direction overlap.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present application, the circuit board includes a side circuit board located on a side of the battery cell, the coil is arranged on the side circuit board, and the projections of the first coil and the second coil in the thickness direction of the battery cell overlap.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the battery unit includes a shell, and the battery module further includes an isolating member, and the isolating member is disposed between the coil and the shell.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the material of the isolation element is a non-metallic magnetic material.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, the material of the isolation element is ferrite.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the circuit board is a PCB or an FPC, and the coil is arranged on the circuit board in a printed manner.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also proposes a battery system, including a controller and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack includes several battery modules as described above, and the several battery modules are connected in series. The controller is configured to: encode data using a phase encoding method, and communicate with the battery cells in the battery pack using a baseband communication method.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the battery module includes a first battery module and a second adjacent battery module, wherein the first battery module includes a first end battery cell located at the end, the second battery module includes a second end battery cell located at the end, and the first end battery cell is communicatively connected with the second end battery cell.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the circuit board on the first end battery cell includes a first end circuit board, and the circuit board on the second end battery cell includes a second end circuit board. A first end coil is arranged on the first end circuit board, and a second end coil is arranged on the second end circuit board. The first end battery cell and the second end battery cell are coupled to each other through the first end coil and the second end coil to achieve communication connection.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present application, the first end circuit board and the second end circuit board are parallel to each other, and there is a gap between the first end coil and the second end coil.

[0019] The battery module of the present application includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, wherein an AFE module and a coil are arranged on the circuit board of each battery cell, and the coil is used for mutual coupling between adjacent battery cells, so as to realize the communication connection of multiple battery cells in the battery module. The battery module according to the present application provides a low-cost wireless communication method, which does not require welding and the use of connectors, and also simplifies the process of establishing communication connections between battery cells, thereby improving assembly efficiency. The battery system of the present application adopts the battery module of the present application, and adopts a phase encoding method for data encoding, and adopts a baseband communication method for communication, without the need for a carrier or modulation, and can obtain a sufficiently high data transmission rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application. They are included and constitute a part of the present application. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present application and together with the present specification serve to explain the principles of the present application. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 An exemplary battery system is shown; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a battery module shown in ; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery module including a large circuit board; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery module using near field wireless communication; Figure 5 is a schematic top view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 6A is a schematic top view of a coil in a circuit module according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6B is a front view schematic diagram of a coil in a circuit module according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic top view of two adjacent battery cells in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A schematic front view of two adjacent battery cells in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application is shown; Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the communication link waveform when wired transmission is adopted; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the communication link waveform when the battery module of an embodiment of the present application is used. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0022] As shown in this application, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular, but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0023] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the application. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0024] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0025] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0026] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terms used in this application are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some terms mentioned in the specification of this application may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description of this article. In addition, it is required to understand this application not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0027] In the current single-cell system, such as Figure 1 As shown, each battery cell 130 corresponds to an AFE integrated circuit 140, and communication lines between all AFE integrated circuits 140 need to be connected. After the battery module 121 is assembled, welding the communication lines in the module is both expensive and inconvenient. To solve this problem, the following two methods can be used: (1) Use connectors and wires instead of soldering wires. However, connectors are very expensive and will greatly increase costs.

[0028] (2) If Figure 3 As shown, a very large circuit board 310 is made for the entire module, and all AFE integrated circuits 140 are connected through the circuit board 310. This solution does not require laying communication lines separately between battery cells 130. However, since the area of ​​the circuit board 310 used is large, the assembly process is more complicated, which greatly increases the cost.

[0029] Therefore, if a solution without communication lines can be adopted, it will be very beneficial for the above-mentioned single-cell AFE setting. Based on this idea, a possible solution is a far-field solution, such as ultra-wideband (UWB), low-energy Bluetooth (BTLE) or any other suitable communication protocol. The main advantage of this solution is that no communication lines are required. However, these solutions have the following problems: (1) Modern battery packs may contain hundreds of battery cells. It is expected that the number of battery cells in a future 2.5kV battery pack will reach 600. This means that we will have hundreds of wireless communication interfaces with relatively short transmission distances between them. This is likely to cause serious interference, limiting the efficiency and reliability of communication.

[0030] (2) It will be more difficult to obtain all measurement data in one transmission. The controller will most likely need to address all nodes individually to retrieve the data. This will reduce the effective data transfer rate of the communication interface.

[0031] (3) It will be more difficult to synchronize the individual AFEs. It may even be necessary to use a crystal for each AFE to ensure that the transceiver can operate properly.

[0032] (4) The AFE is manufactured using a BCD (Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS) process because it needs to handle relatively high voltages (e.g., up to 5V). This means that it uses older process technology nodes (e.g., 140nm; newer developments typically use 90nm or lower processes), which are not suitable for designing cost-effective far-field wireless transceivers.

[0033] Due to these shortcomings, it is necessary to explore the application of near field wireless communication. A solution using near field wireless communication is Figure 4 As shown, a long wire 410 is drawn from the controller and passes through the entire battery module. This wire 410 acts as an antenna for each AFE integrated circuit. However, the main disadvantages of this solution include: (1) A very long wire is required to pass through the entire battery module. This may cause reliability and cost issues.

[0034] (2) Each AFE integrated circuit requires a crystal to enable the NFC protocol used. This significantly increases system cost.

[0035] When using standard NFC (Near Field Communication) solutions, there is another point worth paying attention to, that is, the communication speed. Current battery pack products use a data transmission rate of 1Mbps, and when the number of battery cells in the battery pack increases, the data transmission rate may need to be further increased. Typical NFC protocols (such as those used in RF-ID applications) use a 13.56MHz carrier signal and support a maximum data transmission rate of 424kbps.

[0036] The use of more complex modulation techniques can increase the data transmission rate. However, this comes at the cost of a more complex design. In a single-cell BMS (Battery Management System) solution, the cost of the AFE is critical because the number of AFE devices in the system is very large. Therefore, we prefer to keep a simple baseband communication scheme (for example: directly sending bits without carrier or modulation).

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic top view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the battery module 500 of this embodiment includes a plurality of battery cells 510 connected in series, wherein each battery cell 510 is provided with a circuit board 520, and the circuit board 520 is provided with an AFE module 530 and a coil 540 (indicated at Figure 7 and Figure 8 ), adjacent battery cells 510 are coupled to each other via coils 540 to achieve communication connection.

[0038] The present application realizes communication connection between adjacent battery cells 510 through coils, which meets the short-distance working requirements of the communication link within the battery module, and the coupling coil has low cost, which is conducive to reducing the cost of the battery module.

[0039] Fig. 6A and Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of a coil in a circuit module of an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 6A FIG. 5 is a top view of the coil 540 . Figure 6B It is a schematic diagram of the position between two adjacent coils, and the viewing angle is front view. Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of two adjacent battery cells in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 6A As shown, the coil 540 may be a coil formed by winding a wire and disposed on the circuit board 520 . Fig. 6A The figure is for illustration only and is not intended to limit the specific shape and winding method of the coil 540. Figure 6B As shown, two coils are shown, namely a first coil 5401 and a second coil 5402. Figure 5 , Figure 6Band Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery cell 510 includes a first battery cell 5101 and a second battery cell 5102 adjacent to each other, the coil 540 on the first battery cell 5101 is a first coil 5401, the coil 540 on the second battery cell 5102 is a second coil 5402, the first coil 5401 and the second coil 5402 are arranged opposite to each other, and there is a gap between the first coil 5401 and the second coil 5402. The opposite arrangement here means that the plane where the first coil 5401 is located and the plane where the second coil 5402 is located face each other. Figure 6B As shown, along Figure 6B In the vertical direction, the projections of the first coil 5401 and the second coil 5402 overlap. The meaning of the overlapping projections includes that the projections of the two overlap partially or completely overlap.

[0040] like Figure 6B As shown, the first coil 5401 is arranged on the first circuit board 5201, and the second coil 5402 is arranged on the second circuit board 5202. The first circuit board 5201 and the second circuit board 5202 are parallel to each other, and the first coil 5401 and the second coil 5402 are arranged opposite to each other with a certain distance between them. After power is turned on, the first coil 5401 and the second coil 5402 form an inductor and couple with each other. In some embodiments, the distance between the first coil 5401 and the second coil 5402 is several millimeters, the area of ​​each coil is approximately several square centimeters, and the self-inductance of the formed inductor is approximately 10μH.

[0041] In some embodiments, the circuit board 520 in the battery module 500 is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) or an FPC (Flexible Circuit Board). In some embodiments, the coil 540 is printed on the PCB or the FPC by printing.

[0042] According to these embodiments, the coil 540 is printed at a certain position on each circuit board 520, and the circuit boards 520 on adjacent battery cells are overlapped to couple the coils 540. This makes it possible to send a signal from one battery cell (e.g., the first battery cell 5101) to another battery cell (e.g., the second battery cell 5102) without the need for wires or welding.

[0043] In some embodiments, the circuit board 520 includes a top circuit board located on the top surface of the battery cell 510, and the coil is arranged on the top circuit board. In the height direction of the battery cell, the first coil is higher than the second coil, and the projections of the first coil and the second coil in the height direction overlap.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, taking the first circuit board 5201 as an example, the first circuit board 5201 includes a main circuit board 710 connected between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery unit, and a top circuit board 720 extending from the main circuit board 710, and the coil is arranged on the top circuit board 720. Figure 6B and Figure 7 As shown, the first coil 5401 on the first battery unit 5101 is higher than the second coil 5402 on the second battery unit 5102, and the first coil 5401 and the second coil 5402 are aligned in the height direction Y (as shown in FIG. Figure 8 The projections on the image above overlap.

[0045] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a front view schematic diagram of two adjacent battery cells in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the circuit board 520 includes a side circuit board 820 located on the side of the battery cell 510, the coil is arranged on the side circuit board 820, and the projections of the first coil 5401 and the second coil 5402 in the thickness direction X of the battery cell 510 overlap.

[0046] according to Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, taking the first circuit board 5201 as an example, the first circuit board 5201 includes a main circuit board 810 and a side circuit board 820 extending from the main circuit board 810, and the coil is arranged on the side circuit board 820. The side circuit board 820 is equivalent to extending from the main circuit board 810 and bending, so as to be located on the side of the first battery unit 5101. There is a certain gap between the adjacent first battery unit 5101 and the second battery unit 5102 to accommodate the side circuit board located therebetween and the coil located on the side circuit board.

[0047] In some embodiments, the battery cell 510 includes a housing, and the battery module 500 further includes an isolator disposed between the coil and the housing.

[0048] refer to Figure 8 As shown, taking the first battery unit 5101 as an example, it has a housing 501. The battery module 500 also includes an isolating member 830, which is disposed between the first coil 5401 and the housing 501. Figure 6B As shown, the isolating member 830 may be disposed on a side of the first circuit board 5201 away from the second circuit board 5202, and on a side of the second circuit board 5202 away from the first circuit board 5201. The isolating member 830 is used to isolate the coil 540 from the housing 501. The housing 501 of the battery unit 510 is usually made of metal, and the isolating member 830 may be an insulating material, so that the coil 540 and the housing 501 are not electrically connected.

[0049] In some embodiments, the material of the isolation member 830 is a non-metallic magnetic material.

[0050] In some embodiments, the material of the isolation member 830 is ferrite. In these embodiments, the ferrite can prevent the magnetic field lines from the inductor from being absorbed by the metal shell 501 of the battery cell 510, and help guide the magnetic field lines away from the shell 501 and toward another coil.

[0051] according to Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling coefficient between adjacent coils is approximately 0.7.

[0052] It should be noted that for a standard NFC configuration, it is usually desirable for the inductor to have a high quality factor so that resonance occurs at the carrier frequency. This increases the gain, which means that data can still be sent when the coupling coefficient between the coils is not very high. However, when sending data in the baseband, we want to avoid resonance, so a lower quality factor is required. In order to ensure that data can still be received, a higher coupling coefficient is required between the coils. According to an embodiment of the present application, a higher coupling coefficient can be obtained.

[0053] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , each battery cell 510 in the battery module of the present application can be assembled separately, that is, the circuit board 520, the AFE module 530 and the coil 540 are installed, and then the multiple battery cells 510 are combined into a battery module 500. Adjacent battery cells 510 establish communication connections through the coil 540, which greatly simplifies the steps of establishing communication connections between battery cells 510, without welding or connectors. At the same time, using the battery module 500 of the present application, daisy chain communication can still be used between adjacent AFE modules 530, which is the same as the original wired solution.

[0054] Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 As shown, the battery system 900 of this embodiment includes a controller 910 and a battery pack 920, and the battery pack 920 includes several battery modules 500 described above. Fig. 9 Three battery modules 500 are shown in the figure for illustration only and are not used to limit the number of battery modules. All the above descriptions about battery modules can be used to describe the battery modules in the battery system 900 of the present application. Among them, several battery modules 500 are connected in series, and the controller 910 is configured to: encode data in a phase encoding manner, and communicate with the battery cells in the battery pack 920 in a baseband communication manner.

[0055] In some embodiments, the battery module includes an adjacent first battery module and a second battery module, wherein the first battery module includes a first end battery cell located at the end, and the second battery module includes a second end battery cell located at the end, and the first end battery cell is communicatively connected with the second end battery cell.

[0056] refer to Figure 5 As shown, assuming that the battery module 500 is a first battery module, the first battery unit 5101 is located at the end of the battery module 500 and can be used as a first end battery unit. It can establish a communication connection with a second end battery unit in another second battery module through a wire.

[0057] In some embodiments, the circuit board on the first end battery cell includes a first end circuit board, and the circuit board on the second end battery cell includes a second end circuit board. A first end coil is disposed on the first end circuit board, and a second end coil is disposed on the second end circuit board. The first end battery cell and the second end battery cell are coupled to each other through the first end coil and the second end coil to achieve a communication connection.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first end circuit board and the second end circuit board are parallel to each other, and there is a gap between the first end coil and the second end coil. In these embodiments, two adjacent battery modules are also connected to each other through the coil 540 between adjacent battery cells 510. The use of wires is further reduced, making the structure of the battery pack 920 more compact.

[0059] In some embodiments, in a battery pack 920, if two battery modules are close together, the two battery modules are connected using coil coupling. For battery modules that are not close together, for example Figure 1 The two battery modules arranged up and down as shown in the figure can still be connected by wires.

[0060] In the battery system 900 of the present application, the controller 910 is configured to: encode data using a phase encoding method, and communicate with battery cells in the battery pack using a baseband communication method.

[0061] In some embodiments, the phase encoding method is Manchester encoding. For example, a 1 Mbps Manchester encoded signal is used. The bidirectional signal is time multiplexed in two time slots of 500 ns each. Manchester encoding can extract a clock to lock the PLL of each consecutive AFE chip, thereby ensuring the reliability of communication.

[0062] By keeping the signal at baseband (no modulation) and using the Manchester coding scheme, all existing functions and features of the wired communication interface (such as synchronization) are still available in the wireless implementation. In addition, not much additional circuitry is required in the integrated circuit implementation, thus saving area.

[0063] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the communication link waveform when wired transmission is used. Fig.10 The Manchester codes RIOn and RIOp (positive edge corresponds to "1") can be clearly identified in the figure, with a period of 500ns. In the case of a wired connection, the signal RXout is sent to the next integrated circuit in the form of a differential voltage.

[0064] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the communication link waveform when the battery module of an embodiment of the present application is used. Among them, Iind represents the current in the inductor, DIOn represents the negative differential input / output signal, DIOp represents the positive differential input / output signal, RXout represents the output signal of the receiver, !Neutral represents the neutral switch between the transmitter and the receiver active on the communication link, and Data represents the Manchester encoded signal. In an embodiment of the present application, the signal is sent through the coupling coil in the form of current Iind. Due to the limited inductance and drive strength of the output stage, the current will stabilize relatively quickly, causing the voltage on the receiver to approach zero again. Therefore, the current pulse should be kept short enough while still being strong enough for the receiver to detect reliably.

[0065] It is understandable that in order to achieve the best solution, various factors (such as power consumption, electromagnetic compatibility, and design complexity) need to be weighed. Using the same principle, other different waveform implementation methods can also be adopted.

[0066] According to the battery system of the present application, coil coupling is used to achieve communication connection between battery cells, thereby realizing a low-cost wireless communication method while also achieving a sufficiently high data transmission rate.

[0067] The present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0068] Some aspects of the present application may be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. The above hardware or software may be referred to as "data blocks", "modules", "engines", "units", "components" or "systems". The processor may be one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DAPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or combinations thereof. In addition, various aspects of the present application may be represented as computer products located in one or more computer-readable media, which include computer-readable program codes. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, tapes ...), optical disks (e.g., compact disks CDs, digital versatile disks DVDs ...), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives ...).

[0069] A computer-readable medium may include a propagated data signal containing computer program code, such as in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The propagated signal may have a variety of manifestations, including electromagnetic, optical, etc., or a suitable combination. A computer-readable medium may be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which may be connected to an instruction execution system, device or apparatus to communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use. The program code on the computer-readable medium may be propagated via any suitable medium, including radio, cable, fiber optic cable, radio frequency signal, or similar medium, or any combination of the above mediums.

[0070] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the disclosure of this application and thus help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the above description of the embodiments of the present application, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, figure or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the subject of the present application requires more features than the features mentioned. In fact, the features of the embodiment are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.

[0071] In some embodiments, the numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used for the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise specified, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers allow a change of ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in this application are approximate values, which can be changed according to the required characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should consider the specified significant digits and adopt the method of general digit retention. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of the range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in a specific embodiment, the setting of such numerical values ​​is as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that: include: A plurality of battery cells are connected in series, wherein each battery cell is provided with a circuit board, the circuit board is provided with an AFE module and a coil, and adjacent battery cells are coupled to each other through the coil to achieve communication connection.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell adjacent to each other, the coil on the first battery cell is a first coil, the coil on the second battery cell is a second coil, the first coil and the second coil are arranged opposite to each other, and there is a gap between the first coil and the second coil.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit board includes a top circuit board located on the top surface of the battery cell, the coil is arranged on the top circuit board, and in the height direction of the battery cell, the first coil is higher than the second coil, and the projections of the first coil and the second coil in the height direction overlap.

4. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit board includes a side circuit board located on a side of the battery cell, the coil is arranged on the side circuit board, and projections of the first coil and the second coil in a thickness direction of the battery cell overlap.

5. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery cell includes a housing, and the battery module further includes an isolator disposed between the coil and the housing.

6. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material of the isolation element is a non-metallic magnetic material.

7. The battery module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material of the isolation member is ferrite.

8. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit board is a PCB or an FPC, and the coil is arranged on the circuit board in a printed manner.

9. A battery system, characterized in that: It comprises a controller and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of battery modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the plurality of battery modules are connected in series, and the controller is configured to: encode data using a phase encoding method, and communicate with battery cells in the battery pack using a baseband communication method.

10. The battery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery module includes a first battery module and a second adjacent battery module, wherein the first battery module includes a first end battery cell located at the end, the second battery module includes a second end battery cell located at the end, and the first end battery cell is communicatively connected with the second end battery cell.

11. The battery system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The circuit board on the first end battery cell includes a first end circuit board, and the circuit board on the second end battery cell includes a second end circuit board. The first end circuit board is provided with a first end coil, and the second end circuit board is provided with a second end coil. The first end battery cell and the second end battery cell are coupled to each other through the first end coil and the second end coil to achieve communication connection.

12. The battery system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first end circuit board and the second end circuit board are parallel to each other, and a gap is provided between the first end coil and the second end coil.

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