Wiring method for 60-degree phase belt pole-changing double-speed single winding

Abstract

The invention discloses a 60-degree phase belt pole-changing double-speed single winding wiring method, which is characterized in that a winding is a three-phase winding, and comprises the following steps: respectively drawing star-shaped vector diagrams of two pole numbers by adopting a 60-degree phase belt method; comparing the star vector diagrams to find out A-X slot numbers of one pole number and A-X slot numbers of the other pole number, wherein the slot numbers of the same phase form a basic unit; repeating the operation to respectively find out basic units in B-Y and C-Z; according to a basic unit rule, sequentially arranging the rest slot numbers in A-X, and finding basic units of the rest slot numbers; and repeating the operation to respectively find out the basic units of the remaining cell numbers in B-Y and C-Z. The pole-changing double-speed single-winding structure has the beneficial effects that the pole-changing double-speed single-winding structure which is high in winding coefficient, few in outgoing line ends, free of subharmonic and circulating current, high in efficiency, low in cost, simple in structure and convenient to control is designed, the main performance of the motor can reach the level of a single-speed motor with corresponding capacity, and the requirement for energy conservation is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of motor winding design, and specifically relates to a 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method, which is used for a single-winding double-speed winding structure for drive motors such as fans and water pumps. Background Art

[0002] Pole-changing dual-speed motors are divided into two categories according to the number of winding sets in the stator. One is double-winding pole-changing, that is, there are two sets of windings in the stator, each set of windings corresponds to one pole number, and one set of windings is replaced when changing poles; the other is single-winding pole-changing, that is, there is only one set of windings in the stator, and the number of poles is changed by changing the winding connection method and phase. Compared with single-winding pole-changing, the advantage of double-winding pole-changing is that both sets of windings can have a regular 60° phase band distribution, have a higher distribution coefficient, and there is no "subharmonic" in the magnetomotive force. The disadvantage is that there are two sets of windings in the stator winding, the use of copper material is naturally doubled, the effective area in the slot is reduced, the temperature rise is increased, the harmonic content is more, and the amplitude is larger. At the same time, due to the deepening of the stator slot, the stator slot leakage reactance becomes larger, and the motor overload capacity is reduced. Moreover, the upper and lower coils in the slot produce relative movement, one cold and one hot, which will lead to unstable fixation of the stator winding end and excessive wear of the coil in the slot. Therefore, single-winding pole changing has greater practical potential than double-winding pole changing.

[0003] Single winding pole changing can be divided into reverse pole changing and phase shift pole changing according to the pole changing method. The reverse method refers to changing the current direction of some coils to change the number of poles of the motor. Its characteristics are fewer output ends and simple switch control. However, after the pole changing, it is usually 120° phase belt and 180° phase belt, so the winding coefficient after the pole changing is low. The phase shift method refers to changing the original phase of each coil and recombining all coils to three phases. Its characteristics are that most pole changing schemes have more output ends, and a higher winding coefficient can be obtained before and after the pole changing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single-winding wiring method, which overcomes the disadvantages of double-winding pole-changing, such as large copper material utilization rate, large stator slot leakage reactance, low overload capacity, unstable winding end fixation, large coil wear in the slot, large motor size, and high cost; at the same time, it overcomes the disadvantages of single-winding pole-changing, such as low winding coefficient, many outlet ends, "subharmonics" and circulating current, and loss and increased noise caused by potential imbalance between branches; a pole-changing double-speed single-winding structure with high winding coefficient, fewer outlet ends, no "subharmonics", high efficiency, low cost, simple structure, and convenient control is designed, which can make the main performance of the motor reach the level of a single-speed motor of corresponding capacity and meet the requirements of energy saving.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A 60° phase-changeable double-speed single winding connection method, the winding is a three-phase winding, comprising:

[0007] S1. Each slot number represents a coil, and the star vector diagrams of two pole numbers are drawn using the 60° phase belt method;

[0008] S2. Compare the star vector diagram to find the same slot number in AX of one pole number and AX of another pole number, and the same slot numbers form a basic unit;

[0009] S3. Repeat S2 to find the basic units in BY and CZ respectively;

[0010] S4. According to the basic unit rule, the remaining slot numbers in AX are arranged in sequence to find the basic unit of the remaining slot numbers;

[0011] S5. Repeat S4 to find the basic units of the remaining slot numbers in BY and CZ respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, in the S4, when the basic unit pattern is not obvious, the vector diagram is followed clockwise to compare AX in the star-type vector diagram with a small number of poles and ZC, BY, XA, CZ, and YB in the star-type vector diagram with a large number of poles to find the same slot number, so as to determine the basic unit of the remaining slot number in the star-type vector diagram with a small number of poles AX.

[0013] Furthermore, each circle of slot numbers in the star vector diagram represents a coil under a pair of magnetic poles.

[0014] Furthermore, each basic unit includes the same number of slot numbers.

[0015] Furthermore, each phase includes the same number of basic units.

[0016] Furthermore, each phase contains six basic units.

[0017] Furthermore, the basic units are connected in parallel and / or in series to form various styles of pole-changing dual-speed single windings.

[0018] Furthermore, the AX phase basic unit constitutes a U-phase winding with a pole number; the BY phase basic unit constitutes a V-phase winding with a pole number; the CZ phase basic unit constitutes a W-phase winding with a pole number; and changing the order of the basic unit groups constitutes another number of poles of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase.

[0019] Furthermore, the basic unit is shared by two pole numbers, and the winding connections in the basic unit are the same.

[0020] Furthermore, the winding is a double-layer three-phase winding, and all coil pitches are the same.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the disadvantages of the double-winding pole-changing device, such as large copper material utilization rate, large stator slot leakage reactance, low overload capacity, unstable winding end fixation, large coil wear in the slot, large motor size, and high cost, are overcome; at the same time, the disadvantages of the single-winding pole-changing device, such as low winding coefficient, many outlet ends, existence of "subharmonics" and circulating currents, and loss and increased noise caused by potential imbalance between branches, are overcome, and a pole-changing double-speed single-winding structure with high winding coefficient, few outlet ends, no "subharmonics" and circulating currents, high efficiency, low cost, simple structure, and convenient control is designed, which can make the main performance of the motor reach the level of a single-speed motor of corresponding capacity and meet the requirements of energy saving.

[0022] This wiring method is universal and applicable to pole-changing two-speed motors with any pole ratio, especially pole-changing two-speed motors with a large number of poles and similar pole numbers.

[0023] The aforementioned main scheme of the present invention and its further options can be freely combined to form multiple schemes, all of which are schemes that can be adopted and claimed for protection by the present invention; and the options of the present invention (each non-conflicting option) and other options can also be freely combined. After understanding the scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand that there are many combinations based on the existing technology and common knowledge, all of which are technical schemes to be protected by the present invention, and they are not exhaustively listed here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a star vector diagram of a 14 / 16 pole 144 slot pole-changing dual-speed motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is the basic unit of the 14 / 16 pole 144 slot pole-changing dual-speed motor winding U14, V14, and W14 of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 The 14 / 16-pole 144-slot pole-changing dual-speed motor windings U16, V16, and W16 basic units of the second embodiment of the present invention (each slot number still retains its Figure 2 in the order of ).

[0027] Figure 4 This is the 3△ / 3Y connection method of the 14 / 16 pole 144 slot pole-changing dual-speed motor winding in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is the star vector diagram of the 6 / 8-pole 72-slot pole-changing dual-speed motor of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is the basic unit of the 6 / 8-pole 72-slot pole-changing dual-speed motor winding U6, V6, and W6 of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7The 6 / 8-pole 72-slot variable-pole dual-speed motor windings U8, V8, and W8 basic units of the third embodiment of the present invention (each slot number still retains its Figure 6 in the order of ).

[0031] In the figure: the negative sign indicates the current is reversed, and the horizontal line above the slot number indicates that the current is reversed again (winding is reversed); U14—U phase of a 14-pole motor; V14—V phase of a 14-pole motor; W14—W phase of a 14-pole motor; U16—U phase of a 16-pole motor; V16—V phase of a 16-pole motor; W16—W phase of a 16-pole motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following non-limiting examples serve to illustrate the invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A 60° phase-changeable double-speed single winding connection method, the winding is a three-phase winding, comprising:

[0035] S1. Each slot number represents a coil, and the star vector diagrams of two pole numbers are drawn using the 60° phase belt method;

[0036] S2. Compare the star vector diagram to find the same slot number in AX of one pole number and AX of another pole number, and the same slot numbers form a basic unit;

[0037] S3. Repeat S2 to find the basic units in BY and CZ respectively;

[0038] S4. According to the basic unit rule, the remaining slot numbers in AX are arranged in sequence to find the basic unit of the remaining slot numbers;

[0039] S5. Repeat S4 to find the basic units of the remaining slot numbers in BY and CZ respectively.

[0040] In the above S4, when the basic unit pattern is not obvious, the vector diagram is clockwise compared with AX in the star-type vector diagram with a small number of poles and ZC, BY, XA, CZ, and YB in the star-type vector diagram with a large number of poles to find the same slot number, so as to determine the basic unit of the remaining slot number in the star-type vector diagram with a small number of poles AX.

[0041] Each slot number in the star vector diagram represents a coil under a pair of magnetic poles.

[0042] Each basic unit contains the same number of slots.

[0043] Each phase contains the same number of basic units.

[0044] Each phase contains six basic units.

[0045] The basic units are connected in parallel and / or in series to form various styles of pole-changing double-speed single windings.

[0046] The AX phase basic unit constitutes a U-phase winding with a pole number; the BY phase basic unit constitutes a V-phase winding with a pole number; the CZ phase basic unit constitutes a W-phase winding with a pole number; changing the order of the basic unit group will constitute another pole number of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase.

[0047] The basic unit has two pole numbers and the winding connections in the basic unit are the same.

[0048] The winding is a double-layer three-phase winding with all coils having the same pitch.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method is described in detail based on Example 1.

[0051] Taking a 14 / 16 pole, 144 slot variable pole dual speed motor as an example, a star vector diagram with different pole numbers is drawn according to the 60° phase band, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0052] Comparing AX in the 14-pole with AX in the 16-pole, it can be seen that they together include -138, -137, -136, 127, 1, 2, 3, and -12 (arranged in the order of their order in the stator slots, where the negative sign represents the opposite direction of the current), so these 8 slots are a basic unit.

[0053] Comparing BY in 14 poles with BY in 16 poles, it can be seen that they together include -124, 133, 134, -142, -143, -144, 8, 9 (arranged in the order of their order in the stator slots, where the negative sign represents the opposite direction of current), so these 8 slots are a basic unit.

[0054] Comparing the CZ in the 14-pole with the CZ in the 16-pole, it can be seen that they together include -130, -131, 139, 140, 141, -5, -6, and 15 (arranged in the order of their order in the stator slots, where the negative sign represents the opposite direction of the current), so these 8 slots are a basic unit.

[0055] It can be seen that the number of basic unit slots is 8. 144 slots are divided into 60° phase belts, and the number of slots in each phase belt is 144 / 6=24, and AX is a two-phase belt containing 24*2 / 8=6 basic units, that is, one phase contains 6 basic units.

[0056] from Figure 1It can be seen from AX that the U14-phase basic unit is 4 slots in A and 4 slots in X. In the 14-pole star vector diagram, the 4 slots in A are selected in sequence: 4, 22, 23, 24, and the 4 slots in X are selected in sequence: -13, -14, -32, -33, and they are arranged in the order of the stator slots: 4, -13, -14, 22, 23, 24, -32, -33, a total of 8 slots form the second U14-phase basic unit.

[0057] from Figure 1 It can be seen from AX that the U14-phase basic unit is 4 slots in A and 4 slots in X. If the selection is difficult, the second method can be used to compare AX in 14 poles with ZC in 16 poles to find the number of slots with the same slot number: 4, 22, 23, 24, -13, -14, -32, -33, and sort them according to their order in the stator slots: 4, -13, -14, 22, 23, 24, -32, -33, a total of 8 slots constitute the second U14-phase basic unit.

[0058] The third basic unit of the U14 phase can be selected according to the regular pattern, or according to the number of slots with the same slot numbers in its 14-pole AX and 16-pole BY: 43, 44, 45, 63, -34, -35, -53, -54, and arranged in the order in which they are located in the slots: -34, -35, 43, 44, 45, -53, -54, 63, for a total of 8 slots.

[0059] The fourth basic unit of the U14 phase can be selected according to the rule, or according to the number of slots with the same slot number in the 14-pole AX and the 16-pole XA: 64, 65, 66, 84, -55, -73, -74, -75, and arranged in the order in which they are fixed in the slots: -55, 64, 65, 66, -73, -74, -75, 84, for a total of 8 slots.

[0060] The fifth basic unit of the U14 phase can be selected according to the rule, or according to the slot number with the same slot number in the 14-pole AX and the 16-pole CZ: 85, 86, 104, 105, -76, -94, -95, -96, and arranged in the order in which they are fixed in the slot: -76, 85, 86, -94, -95, -96, 104, 105, a total of 8 slots.

[0061] The sixth basic unit of the U14 phase can be selected according to the rule, or according to the number of slots with the same slot number in the 14-pole AX and the 16-pole YB: 106, 107, 125, 126, -115, -116, -117, -135, and arranged in the order in which they are fixed in the slots: 106, 107, -115, -116, -117, 125, 126, -135, for a total of 8 slots.

[0062] According to this method, the 8 basic units of V14 phase and W14 in the 14 poles are found respectively, and the 6 basic units of U14, V14 and W14 are found respectively. Figure 2 shown.

[0063] Figure 2 As shown, U14, V14, and W14 each contain 8 basic units, which can form winding styles with 1, 2, 3, and 6 parallel branches.

[0064] From the basic units of U14, V14, and W14, find the 6 basic units of U16, V16, and W16 respectively, such as Figure 3 (The slot number still retains its Figure 2 in the order of ).

[0065] Figure 3 As shown, U16, V16, and W16 each contain 8 basic units and are Figure 2 The basic units are the same, but only the arrangement order of the basic units is different, and winding styles with 1, 2, 3, and 6 parallel branches can also be formed.

[0066] Figure 4 The figure shows the 12-wire wiring method of 3△ / 3Y.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] A 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method is described in detail based on Example 1.

[0069] Taking a 6 / 8 pole, 72 slot variable pole double speed motor as an example, a star vector diagram with different pole numbers is drawn according to the 60° phase band, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0070] Comparing AX in the 6-pole and AX in the 8-pole, it can be seen that they both contain -64, 1, 2, 3 (arranged in the order of their order in the stator slots, where the negative sign represents the opposite direction of the current), so these 4 slots are a basic unit.

[0071] Comparing BY in 6 poles with BY in 8 poles, it can be seen that they contain -72, -71, -70, and 9 (arranged in the order of their order in the stator slots, where the negative sign represents the opposite direction of the current), so these 4 slots are a basic unit.

[0072] Comparing the CZ in the 6-pole and the CZ in the 8-pole, it can be seen that they both contain 68, 67, -5, and -6 (arranged in the order of their order in the stator slots, where the negative sign represents the opposite direction of the current), so these 4 slots are a basic unit.

[0073] It can be seen that the number of basic unit slots is 4. 72 slots are divided into 60° phase belts, and the number of slots in each phase belt of A, Z, B, X, C, and Y is 12, and the two phase belts of AX are respectively compared with the other phase belts with the same number of poles in clockwise order, so 6 basic units are obtained, that is, one phase contains 6 basic units.

[0074] from Figure 5 It can be seen from AX that the basic unit of U6 phase is 3 slots in A and 1 slot in X. In the 6-pole star vector diagram, select 1 slot in A: 4, and 3 slots in X: -13, -14, -15, and arrange them in the order of the stator slots: 4, -13, -14, -15, a total of 4 slots form the second U6 phase basic unit.

[0075] from Figure 5 It can be seen from AX that the basic unit of U6 phase is 3 slots in A and 1 slot in X. If the selection is difficult, the second method can be used to compare AX in 6 poles with ZC in 8 poles to find the number of slots with the same slot number: 4, -13, -14, -15, and sort them according to their order in the stator slots: 4, -13, -14, -15, a total of 4 slots constitute the second U6 phase basic unit.

[0076] The third basic unit of the U6 phase can be selected according to a regular pattern, or according to the number of slots with the same slot numbers in its 6-pole AX and 8-pole BY: 25, 26, 27, -16, and arranged in sequence in the fixed slots: -16, 25, 26, 27, a total of 4 slots.

[0077] The fourth basic unit of the U6 phase can be selected according to the rule, or according to the slot number with the same slot number in the 6-pole AX and the 8-pole XA: 28, -37, -38, -39, and arranged in the order in which they are fixed in the slots: 28, -37, -38, -39, a total of 4 slots.

[0078] The fifth basic unit of the U6 phase can be selected according to the rule, or according to the slot number with the same slot number in the 6-pole AX and the 8-pole CZ: 49, 50, 51, -40, and arranged in the order in which they are fixed in the slots: -40, 49, 50, 51, a total of 4 slots.

[0079] The sixth basic unit of the U6 phase can be selected according to the rule, or according to the number of slots with the same slot number in the 6-pole AX and the 8-pole YB: 52, -61, -62, -63, and arranged in the order in which they are fixed in the slots: 52, -61, -62, -63, a total of 4 slots.

[0080] According to this method, the 6 basic units of V6 phase and W6 in the 6 poles are found respectively. U6, V6, and W6 each have 6 basic units as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0081] Figure 6As shown, U6, V6, and W6 each contain 6 basic units, which can form winding styles with parallel branch numbers of 1, 2, 3, and 6.

[0082] From the basic units of U6, V6, and W6, find the 6 basic units of U8, V8, and W8 respectively, such as Figure 7 (The slot number still retains its Figure 6 in the order of ).

[0083] Figure 7 As shown, U8, V8, and W8 each contain 6 basic units and are Figure 2 The basic units are the same, but only the arrangement order of the basic units is different, and winding styles with 1, 2, 3, and 6 parallel branches can also be formed.

[0084] The above basic examples of the present invention and their further optional examples can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are embodiments that can be adopted and claimed for protection by the present invention. In the scheme of the present invention, each optional example can be arbitrarily combined with any other basic examples and optional examples.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 60° phase-changeable double-speed single winding connection method, the winding is a three-phase winding, characterized in that: S1. Each slot number represents a coil, and the star vector diagrams of two pole numbers are drawn using the 60° phase belt method; S2. Compare the star vector diagram to find out the slot number of AX of one pole number and the slot number of AX of another pole number with the same number, and their same-phase slot numbers form a basic unit; S3. Repeat S2 to find the basic units in BY and CZ respectively; S4. According to the basic unit rule, the remaining slot numbers in AX are arranged in sequence to find the basic unit of the remaining slot numbers; S5. Repeat S4 to find the basic units of the remaining slot numbers in BY and CZ respectively.

2. The 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the above S4, when the basic unit pattern is not obvious, the vector diagram is clockwise compared with AX in the star-type vector diagram with a small number of poles and ZC, BY, XA, CZ, and YB in the star-type vector diagram with a large number of poles to find the same slot number, so as to determine the basic unit of the remaining slot number in the star-type vector diagram with a small number of poles AX.

3. The 60° phase-changeable double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each slot number in the star vector diagram represents a coil under a pair of magnetic poles.

4. The 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each basic unit contains the same number of slots.

5. The 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: Each phase contains the same number of basic units.

6. The 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Each phase contains six basic units.

7. The 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The basic units are connected in parallel and / or in series to form various styles of pole-changing double-speed single windings.

8. The 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The AX phase basic unit constitutes a U-phase winding with a pole number; the BY phase basic unit constitutes a V-phase winding with a pole number; the CZ phase basic unit constitutes a W-phase winding with a pole number; changing the order of the basic unit group will constitute another pole number of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase.

9. The 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The basic unit has two pole numbers and the winding connections in the basic unit are the same.

10. The 60° phase-band pole-changing double-speed single winding connection method according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The winding is a double-layer three-phase winding with all coils having the same pitch.

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