A cast iron equipment and spheroidizing method by spheroidizing a metal magnesium block

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ductile iron production, and in particular to a cast iron equipment and spheroidizing method through spheroidizing metal magnesium blocks, comprising a support table, a workbench is arranged on the top of the support table, a support plate is fixedly connected to the top of the workbench, a dust removal structure is arranged at the bottom of the support plate, a storage box, a robot and a main control console are arranged on the surface of the workbench, a sealing thrust structure is arranged on the top of the support table, a sealing spheroidizing structure and a sealing structure are arranged at the bottom of the support plate, a molten iron ladle transport vehicle is arranged on the surface of the sealing thrust structure, a molten iron ladle bucket is detachably installed on the surface of the molten iron ladle transport vehicle, a push plate is lifted by starting a first cylinder, and the molten iron ladle transport vehicle and the molten iron ladle bucket are lifted at the same time, so that the molten iron ladle bucket contacts and covers a pressure detection head, and contacts and seals with a sealing strip, so that the molten iron ladle bucket reduces the volatilization loss of the metal magnesium block in the reaction process during subsequent spheroidization, and can also prevent the splashing phenomenon generated during the reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ductile iron production, in particular to a cast iron equipment and a spheroidizing method through spheroidizing a metal magnesium block. Background Art

[0002] Cast iron is a general term for alloys mainly composed of iron, carbon and silicon. In these alloys, the carbon content exceeds the amount that can be retained in the austenite solid solution at the eutectic temperature. Cast iron spheroidization treatment technologies include: punching method, wire feeding method and metal magnesium particle spraying method, etc. There is even a sub-package spheroidization method. The sub-package spheroidization method is to use a bell jar with holes on the surface of the molten iron in the sub-package and put the metal magnesium block into the molten iron for reaction. One part is to react with the metal magnesium block and the molten iron, changing the growth mode of graphite, so that the graphite changes from flake to spherical. The other part is that the metal magnesium block will react chemically with the sulfur and oxygen in the molten iron to generate stable compounds such as magnesium sulfide and magnesium oxide. These compounds float to the surface of the molten iron in the form of slag, thereby achieving the purpose of removing sulfur and oxygen impurities, purifying the molten iron and improving the quality of cast iron.

[0003] The present invention finds that the following issues need to be noted when using the subcontract spheroidization method:

[0004] (1) During the spheroidization process (reaction of magnesium metal blocks with molten iron), the sealing cover must be sealed, and attention should be paid to splashing during the reaction of molten iron;

[0005] (2) Before the bell jar enters the molten iron, the ladle barrel must be filled with nitrogen at a certain pressure. However, the nitrogen pressure is controlled at Pnitrogen ≥ Pmagnesium + (0.15-0.2) MPa. Generally, the total pressure is controlled at 0.5-0.6 MPa. If the Pmagnesium produced by the spheroidization reaction is high, the Pnitrogen will increase accordingly, but the maximum pressure is controlled within 0.8 MPa.

[0006] (3) The spheroidizing agent must be untreated pure magnesium metal blocks;

[0007] (4) The pressure in the ladle and the spheroidization reaction time are controllable, and the bell jar repair, cleaning and magnesium metal packaging block delivery are completed by the robot;

[0008] (5) When the bell jar is placed in the molten iron, the size of the holes on the surface of the bell jar is fixed. When the bell jar just enters the molten iron, the reaction between the molten iron and the magnesium metal begins. If the holes are larger, more magnesium metal will instantly contact the molten iron and react, causing the reaction rate to accelerate sharply. The reaction may get out of control, resulting in violent boiling and splashing, which will not only cause the molten iron to splash and injure people, but also damage the equipment. On the contrary, if the bell jar has smaller holes in the molten iron, the spheroidization reaction has been going on for a period of time. At this time, the magnesium vapor needs to be able to diffuse more quickly and widely in the molten iron. If the bell jar is always in the smaller holes at this time, the diffusion rate will be reduced, making it impossible for the molten iron to spheroidize evenly. In view of this, we propose a cast iron equipment and spheroidization method by spheroidizing the magnesium block. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a cast iron spheroidizing equipment and a spheroidizing method by spheroidizing a metal magnesium block to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cast iron equipment for spheroidizing a metal magnesium block, comprising a support table, a workbench is arranged on the top of the support table, a support plate is fixedly connected to the top of the workbench, a dust removal structure is arranged on the bottom of the support plate, a storage box, a robot and a main control console are arranged on the surface of the workbench, a sealing thrust structure is arranged on the top of the support table, a sealing spheroidizing structure and a sealing structure are arranged on the bottom of the support plate, the sealing spheroidizing structure is arranged in the middle of the sealing structure, the sealing structure is arranged in the middle of the sealing thrust structure, a molten iron ladle transport vehicle is arranged on the surface of the molten iron ladle transport vehicle, and a molten iron ladle bucket is detachably installed on the surface of the molten iron ladle transport vehicle;

[0011] The sealing thrust structure is activated through the main control console to lift the molten iron ladle transport vehicle and the molten iron ladle bucket and contact and seal them with the sealing structure to prevent splashing when the molten iron reacts. At the same time, the sealing spheroidizing structure moves and drives the sealing structure to swing in the opposite direction, gradually lowering the sealing spheroidizing structure and expanding the holes of the sealing spheroidizing structure, thereby consolidating the sealing effect between the sealing structure and the molten iron ladle bucket.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing thrust structure includes a first cylinder, which is installed at the bottom of the support platform, and the output end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to a push plate, and four limit shafts are respectively slidably connected through the four corners of the push plate, and the tops of the four limit shafts are fixedly connected to the limit plates, and the limit plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate. The bottoms of the four limit shafts are fixedly connected to the inside of the support platform, and the push plate is used to receive the molten iron ladle transport vehicle and the molten iron ladle barrel.

[0013] Preferably, when the push plate is in a parallel state with the support plate, the ladle transport trolley and the ladle bucket arranged on the surface of the push plate are not in contact with the sealing structure; when the push plate is in a raised state, the ladle transport trolley and the ladle bucket arranged on the surface of the push plate are in contact with the limit shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing structure at least includes a sealing cover, the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate, a sealing strip is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover, a pressure detection head for detecting the pressure of the molten iron ladle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover, a nitrogen pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the sealing cover, and a nitrogen box is fixedly connected to the end of the nitrogen pipe away from the sealing cover, and the nitrogen box is fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate;

[0015] The diameter of the sealing cover is the same as the diameter of the ladle bucket, and the diameter of the sealing strip is the same as the inner diameter of the ladle bucket.

[0016] Preferably, the sealed spheroidizing structure includes a second cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate, and the output end of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to a push rod, and the end of the push rod away from the second cylinder passes through and is slidably connected to a first bell jar, four rectangular grooves are provided inside the first bell jar, and a plurality of first holes are provided on the surface of the first bell jar, and the bottom of the push rod is fixedly connected to a second bell jar, a metal magnesium block is detachably installed inside the second bell jar, four rectangular blocks are fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the second bell jar, and a plurality of second holes are provided on the surface of the second bell jar.

[0017] Preferably, the push rod passes through the sealing cover and is slidably connected, the bottom of the push rod passes through the first bell cover which is arranged in the middle of the molten iron ladle, the first bell cover has four rectangular grooves which are matched with the four rectangular grooves fixed on the outer ring surface of the second bell cover, and the second hole opened in the first bell cover has the same diameter as the first hole opened in the second bell cover.

[0018] Preferably, when the first bell jar is not moving inside the molten iron ladle, the first hole opened in the first bell jar and the second hole opened in the second bell jar are staggered with each other, and when the first bell jar is moving inside the molten iron ladle, the first hole opened in the first bell jar and the second hole opened in the second bell jar are overlapped.

[0019] Preferably, the sealing structure includes at least a pushing plate, which is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the pushing rod, and the bottom of the pushing plate is rotatably connected to a first swing rod, and the side of the first swing rod away from the pushing plate is rotatably connected to a second swing rod through a pin shaft, and the side of the second swing rod away from the first swing rod is rotatably connected to the top of the sealing package cover, the diameter of the pushing plate is the same as the diameter of the hole opened in the limiting plate, and the straight opening opened in the limiting plate is the same as the distance between the first swing rod and the second swing rod after swinging.

[0020] Preferably, when the pushing plate is not moving, the first swing rod and the second swing rod rotatably connected to the pushing plate are in a parallel state; when the pushing plate is moving, the first swing rod and the second swing rod rotatably connected to the pushing plate are in a V-shaped state.

[0021] The second aspect of the present invention is a spheroidizing method for cast iron equipment by spheroidizing a metal magnesium block, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Put the molten iron into the ladle bucket, and push the ladle bucket to the middle of the support plate by the ladle transport vehicle, and ensure that the ladle bucket is placed in the middle of the support plate and aligned with the bottom of the sealing structure;

[0023] Step 2: Put the metal magnesium block into the second bell jar by a robot, and ensure that the second hole and the first hole are in an interlaced arrangement in the initial state;

[0024] Step 3: Start the sealing thrust structure to lift the ladle transport vehicle and the ladle bucket to contact the sealing structure and seal the reaction with the metal magnesium block;

[0025] Step 4: Start the sealed spheroidizing structure to gradually lower the first bell jar and the second bell jar to the bottom of the ladle, so that the second hole and the first hole change from a staggered state to an overlapped state, so as to facilitate smoother discharge of the gas generated by the subsequent reaction of the magnesium metal block;

[0026] Step 5: Reset the sealing thrust structure and the sealing spheroidizing structure, and transport the molten iron in the ladle bucket after the reaction to the destination through the ladle transport vehicle, so as to facilitate the subsequent lifting of the ladle bucket for subsequent work;

[0027] Step 6: Use a robot to clean the sealed spheroidizing structure after use, take photos and compare them with the bell jar that is not clean enough, until the requirements are met, completing the spheroidizing treatment of the molten iron in the ladle bucket.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. In the cast iron equipment for spheroidizing metal magnesium blocks, the push plate is lifted by starting the first cylinder, and the iron ladle transport vehicle and the iron ladle barrel are lifted at the same time, so that the iron ladle barrel is in contact with and covered with the sealing cover, and the sealing strip is in contact with and sealed with the inner wall of the iron ladle barrel, and splashing is prevented during the reaction of the molten iron, so that the molten iron ladle barrel reduces the volatilization loss of the metal magnesium blocks during the reaction process during the subsequent spheroidization. On the one hand, it is to improve the sealing effect of the sealing cover and the iron ladle barrel, and on the other hand, splashing is prevented during the reaction process, thereby improving the absorption rate of magnesium, ensuring a more stable spheroidization effect, and reducing the risk of scalding to operators, and avoiding other safety accidents caused by splashing of molten iron.

[0030] 2. In the cast iron equipment for spheroidizing the metal magnesium block, in the initial state, the second hole is staggered with the first hole, so that the hole of the first hole becomes smaller, and in the subsequent process of the first bell jar descending during the molten iron ladle, the smaller first hole can reduce the large convection between the cold air in the bell jar and the hot molten iron outside, so that the magnesium can reach the gasification temperature faster and start a stable reaction;

[0031] When the first bell jar descends to the deepest part of the ladle, the second hole overlaps with the first hole, making the hole of the first hole larger. When the first hole with a larger hole is at the deepest part of the ladle, it helps to balance the pressure inside and outside the bell jar and prevent the bell jar from deforming or being damaged due to excessive pressure difference. Moreover, the larger holes can make the gas discharge more smoothly, reduce the additional resistance caused by gas accumulation, and ensure that the bell jar can move and work smoothly in the molten iron. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the removal robot of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing thrust structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing thrust structure and the sealing spheroidization structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing spheroidization structure and the sealing structure separation of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the splitting of the sealing spheroidization structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8It is a top perspective view of the sealing spheroidization structure of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a sectional stereoscopic view of the sealing spheroidization structure of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 It is a two-dimensional partial schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional motion state of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0043] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0044] 1. Support table; 2. Workbench; 3. Support plate; 4. Hot metal ladle bucket; 5. Hot metal ladle transport vehicle; 6. Storage box; 7. Robot; 8. Main control console; 9. Dust removal structure; 10. Sealing thrust structure; 101. First cylinder; 102. Limiting shaft; 103. Pushing plate; 104. Limiting plate; 11. Sealing spheroidizing structure; 111. Second cylinder; 112. Pushing rod; 113. First bell; 114. Rectangular groove; 115. First hole; 116. Second bell; 117. Rectangular block; 118. Second hole; 119. Metal magnesium block; 12. Sealing structure; 121. Pushing plate; 122. First swinging rod; 123. Second swinging rod; 124. Sealing bag cover; 125. Pressure detection head; 126. Sealing strip; 127. Nitrogen pipe; 128. Nitrogen box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] For the first embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 11 , a cast iron equipment for spheroidizing a metal magnesium block 119 comprises a support platform 1, a workbench 2 is arranged on the top of the support platform 1, a support plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the workbench 2, a storage box 6, a robot 7 and a main control console 8 are arranged on the surface of the workbench 2, a sealing thrust structure 10 is arranged on the top of the support platform 1, a sealing spheroidizing structure 11 and a sealing structure 12 are arranged on the bottom of the support plate 3, the sealing spheroidizing structure 11 is arranged in the middle of the sealing structure 12, the sealing structure 12 is arranged in the middle of the sealing thrust structure 10, a molten iron ladle transport vehicle 5 is arranged on the surface of the molten iron ladle transport vehicle 5, and a molten iron ladle bucket 4 is detachably installed on the surface;

[0047] The sealing thrust structure 10 is started through the main control console 8 to lift the molten iron ladle transport vehicle 5 and the molten iron ladle bucket 4 and contact and seal them with the sealing structure 12 to prevent splashing when the molten iron reacts. At the same time, the sealing spheroidizing structure 11 moves and drives the sealing structure 12 to swing in the opposite direction, gradually lowering the sealing spheroidizing structure 11 and expanding the holes of the sealing spheroidizing structure 11, and consolidating the sealing effect of the sealing structure 12 and the molten iron ladle bucket 4.

[0048] As for why it is necessary to perform metal magnesium block 119 spheroidization when casting iron (molten iron), the main purpose of using metal magnesium for spheroidization in cast iron production is to improve the mechanical properties of molten iron, especially to improve its ductility and impact resistance. Molten iron usually contains graphite, which will naturally form a flaky structure during the cooling process. This structure is called gray cast iron. The presence of flaky graphite makes the strength and toughness of molten iron poor, especially when subjected to impact loads, it is prone to brittle fracture. In addition, when the molten iron is not subjected to metal magnesium block reaction, the raw materials (iron ore, coke, solvent, etc.) in the molten iron are brought into contact with air during subsequent smelting. , and the oxygen in the air will react with the iron to produce an oxidation reaction, increasing the oxygen content in the molten iron. In addition, there is a complex interaction between the slag in the blast furnace and the molten iron. Some components in the slag may react with the molten iron, causing sulfur and oxygen to enter the molten iron. Therefore, the cast iron (molten iron) needs to be spheroidized with metal magnesium blocks 119. On the one hand, this is to promote the spheroidization growth of graphite in the molten iron (i.e., changing the morphology and distribution of graphite), thereby increasing the strength and toughness of the molten iron, so that the subsequent cast iron has better resistance to deformation and fracture. On the other hand, this is to desulfurize, deoxidize and adsorb the slag in the molten iron, while also inhibiting the generation of sulfur and oxygen.

[0049] Next, the present invention takes into account that, when molten iron is spheroidized, the ladle barrel 4 is usually open to the air, which not only makes the subsequent absorption rate of magnesium metal relatively low, but also releases a large amount of smoke when the spheroidization reaction is strong, which poses great challenges to environmental protection and safety. Therefore, the first cylinder 101 is started to lift the push plate 103, and the ladle transport vehicle 5 and the ladle barrel 4 are lifted at the same time, so that the ladle barrel 4 is in contact with and covered by the sealing cover, and is in contact with and sealed with the sealing strip 126, so that the ladle barrel 4 reduces the volatilization loss of the magnesium metal block during the reaction process during the subsequent spheroidization, and can also prevent the splashing phenomenon generated during the reaction, thereby improving the absorption rate of magnesium, ensuring that the spheroidization effect is more stable, while reducing the risk of scalding to the operator, and avoiding other safety accidents caused by molten iron splashing;

[0050] Furthermore, considering that when the bell jar just enters the molten iron, if the holes in the bell jar are large, a large amount of magnesium vapor will instantly gush out of the bell jar and react violently with the molten iron, which may cause the reaction to be too violent and out of control, resulting in serious splashing, which will not only cause a large loss of magnesium, but also bring safety hazards. On the contrary, when the bell jar enters the deepest part of the molten iron, the spheroidization reaction has been going on for a period of time, and the magnesium vapor needs to be able to diffuse in the molten iron more quickly and widely to ensure that all parts of the molten iron can be fully spheroidized. If the bell jar has smaller holes at this time, the diffusion rate will be reduced, making it impossible for the molten iron to undergo a uniform spheroidization reaction. As for why the bell jar has holes, it is because during the spheroidization process, the holes in the bell jar provide an escape channel for magnesium vapor, so that magnesium vapor can escape evenly from the holes and diffuse in the molten iron. Without these holes, it will be difficult for magnesium vapor to be released from the bell jar to fully contact and react with the molten iron, which will The spheroidization effect is seriously affected. Therefore, in the initial state, the second hole 118 is staggered with the first hole 115, so that the hole of the first hole 115 becomes smaller, and in the subsequent descending process of the first bell jar 113 in the molten iron ladle barrel 4, the smaller first hole 115 can reduce the cold air in the bell jar and the external hot molten iron to form a larger convection, so that the magnesium can reach the gasification temperature faster and start a stable reaction. When the first bell jar 113 descends to the deepest part of the molten iron ladle barrel 4, the second hole 118 coincides with the first hole 115, so that the hole of the first hole 115 becomes larger, and the first hole 115 with a larger hole is at the deepest part of the molten iron ladle barrel 4, It helps to balance the pressure inside and outside the bell jar and prevent the bell jar from being deformed or damaged due to excessive pressure difference. Moreover, the larger hole can make the gas discharge more smoothly, reduce the additional resistance caused by gas accumulation, and ensure that the bell jar can move and work smoothly in the molten iron.

[0051] Here, the working principle of the robot 7 and the main control console 8 will be explained for the convenience of understanding the following text. The control system of the robot 7 will plan the movement of the robot 7 according to the requirements of the task staff and the information obtained by the perception system. The movement planning involves complex mathematical models, such as forward kinematics and inverse kinematics. Forward kinematics is to calculate the position and posture of the end effector based on the known joint angles, while inverse kinematics is the opposite process. The joint angles are calculated according to the target position and posture, so as to facilitate the subsequent cleaning and maintenance of the robot 7.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to realize the use of a programmable controller equipped with a main control console 8, the operation of various devices is automatically controlled during the production process of the equipment, the process parameters of each package of molten iron spheroidization treatment are recorded in real time, and the specific pressure error value of nitrogen between the set value and the actual value is displayed, so as to facilitate the control of the absorption rate of magnesium metal;

[0053] After each production process is completed, the actual process data of each bag of molten iron will be saved according to the process parameters recorded for each bag of molten iron treatment. If the absorption rate is low in the future, the production data and graphics will be called up for analysis and process improvement. The sealing bag cover 124 is equipped with a safety valve, and the gas pressure is controlled in real time;

[0054] This control system uses IO-link sensors, which have self-diagnosis functions. When the sensor is disconnected or damaged, an alarm message will be generated, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to quickly deal with the problem and reduce maintenance time;

[0055] This system is divided into manual and automatic operation modes. In the automatic mode, no manual intervention is required and the equipment runs automatically, which reduces manual intervention and greatly improves production efficiency.

[0056] In addition, the main control console 8 can be connected to the MES, ERP and CAPP systems of its own unit, receive real-time production instructions, input of process parameters and real-time upload of production processes and results, and realize intelligent control. For example, when the staff controls the sealing thrust structure 10 at the main control console 8, when the starting device of the sealing thrust structure 10 detects the product arrival signal, it executes the thrust operation. This control logic can be implemented through a hard-wired logic circuit or through software programming in a microprocessor, thereby facilitating the control of the starting devices of subsequent components.

[0057] First, the ladle transport vehicle 5 and the ladle bucket 4 need to be moved to the middle of the support plate 3 and aligned with the sealing structure 12, so as to facilitate the subsequent lifting of the ladle bucket 4 and the sealing of the sealing structure 12. Figure 1-Figure 4 The sealing thrust structure 10 includes a first cylinder 101, which is installed at the bottom of the support platform 1. The output end of the first cylinder 101 is fixedly connected with a push plate 103. Four limit shafts 102 are respectively penetrated and slidably connected at the four corners of the push plate 103. The tops of the four limit shafts 102 are fixedly connected with limit plates 104. The limit plates 104 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 3. The bottoms of the four limit shafts 102 are fixedly connected to the inside of the support platform 1. The push plate 103 is used to receive the molten iron ladle transport vehicle 5 and the molten iron ladle bucket 4.

[0058] When the pushing plate 103 is in a parallel state with the supporting plate 3, the molten iron ladle transport cart 5 and the molten iron ladle bucket 4 arranged on the surface of the pushing plate 103 are not in contact with the sealing structure 12. When the pushing plate 103 is in a lifted state, the molten iron ladle transport cart 5 and the molten iron ladle bucket 4 arranged on the surface of the pushing plate 103 are in contact with the limiting shaft 102. The staff loads the molten iron into the molten iron ladle bucket 4 and puts it on the surface of the molten iron ladle transport cart 5. Then, the molten iron ladle transport cart 5 and the molten iron ladle bucket 4 are pushed to the bottom of the sealing structure 12 and to the center of the pushing plate 103. When the molten iron inside the molten iron ladle bucket 4 needs to be spheroidized, the staff needs to control the main console 8 to push the first A cylinder 101 is started, so that its push plate 103 is pushed upward under the limit of the four limit shafts 102, preventing the push plate 103 from being offset when being pushed without limit. Then, the push plate 103 can push the molten iron ladle transport vehicle 5 and the molten iron ladle bucket 4 to move upward until they contact the sealing structure 12 and stop moving, so that the molten iron in the molten iron ladle bucket 4 will contact and seal with the sealing structure 12 when spheroidization is required, thereby improving the volatilization effect of spheroidization during the reaction process, effectively preventing outside air from entering the molten iron reaction area, and preventing splashing during the molten iron reaction, so that the molten iron ladle bucket 4 is in a sealed state during the subsequent reaction.

[0059] In order to describe the specific structure of the iron ladle bucket 4 and the sealing structure 12 for sealing, and at the same time to detect the pressure inside the iron ladle bucket 4 and fill nitrogen, the following structure needs to be disclosed in detail, please refer to Figure 6 The sealing structure 12 at least includes a sealing cover 124, which is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate 3, a sealing strip 126 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover 124, and a pressure detection head 125 for detecting the pressure of the molten iron ladle 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover 124, a nitrogen pipe 127 is fixedly connected to the inside of the sealing cover 124, and a nitrogen box 128 is fixedly connected to the end of the nitrogen pipe 127 away from the sealing cover 124, and the nitrogen box 128 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate 3;

[0060] The diameter of the sealing cover 124 is the same as the diameter of the ladle barrel 4, and the diameter of the sealing strip 126 is the same as the inner diameter of the ladle barrel 4. When the ladle barrel 4 mentioned in the above question is lifted and contacts the sealing structure 12 and stops moving (that is, the ladle barrel 4 and the sealing cover 124 are in contact and stop), when the sealing cover 124 and the ladle barrel 4 are in contact and sealed, the sealing strip 126 can be placed in the gap between the ladle barrel 4 and the sealing cover 124 to achieve sealing of the contact position between the ladle barrel 4 and the sealing cover 124, thereby improving the sealing effect of the ladle barrel 4 and the sealing cover 124, reducing the flow of external air into the ladle barrel 4, and after sealing, the staff controls the main control console 8 to start the preset compressor inside the nitrogen box 128 , so that the nitrogen in the nitrogen box 128 is filled into the nitrogen pipe 127 and directed into the inside of the molten iron ladle 4, and the nitrogen filled in the nitrogen box 128 is ensured to work according to the set process parameters. When the pressure detection head 125 detects that the nitrogen pressure reaches the set value, the compressor in the nitrogen box 128 stops working (for example, the nitrogen pressure is preset to a certain value of P nitrogen ≥ P magnesium + 0.2 MPa. If the pressure of P magnesium exceeds the preset value, the P magnesium produced by the spheroidization reaction is high at this time, and the P nitrogen will also increase, but it must be controlled at 0.8 MPa), to avoid violent splashing. At the same time, the pressure detection head 125 can detect the pressure inside the molten iron ladle 4 at any time to prevent the nitrogen pressure filled into the molten iron ladle 4 from being too high and causing an explosion;

[0061] The working principle of the pressure detection head 125 will be explained here to facilitate understanding of the above working principle. When the pressure detection head 125 is subjected to pressure, the resistance value inside the pressure detection head 125 will change. This change can be measured by the circuit and converted into a corresponding electrical signal output. In addition, the core component of the pressure detection head 125 is a piezoresistive sensor, which is made of some thin film materials. These materials have good elasticity and conductivity. When external pressure is applied, the film will undergo a slight deformation, resulting in a change in resistance value. The pressure inside the ladle barrel 4 can be detected at any time and transmitted to the PLC module on the main control console 8 for display, further completing the work of filling the ladle with nitrogen or degassing and controlling the gas pressure inside the ladle, and making it convenient for the staff to understand the pressure inside the ladle barrel 4 in real time.

[0062] It is explained here that nitrogen will be filled into the sealed ladle barrel 4 mentioned above. As for why it is necessary to fill nitrogen into the sealed ladle barrel 4, it is because the molten iron in the ladle barrel 4 is very easy to undergo oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air at high temperature to generate iron oxides, such as ferric oxide and ferric oxide. These oxides will exist in the molten iron in the form of inclusions, reducing the purity of the molten iron, affecting the subsequent spheroidizing treatment effect and the quality of the casting, and causing defects such as pores and inclusions in the casting. Nitrogen is stable in nature and is not easy to react with molten iron. Filling nitrogen can react with molten iron in the molten iron. A layer of protective atmosphere is formed on the surface to isolate the air, effectively preventing the molten iron from contacting with oxygen and avoiding the occurrence of oxidation reaction. As for why it is necessary to set a preset value for the nitrogen charged, it is because the ladle barrel 4 has a certain pressure resistance limit. If the pressure of the charged nitrogen is too high, exceeding the bearing capacity of the ladle barrel 4, the ladle barrel 4 will be subjected to excessive internal stress, which may cause the ladle barrel 4 to deform or rupture, and cause serious safety accidents such as leakage of molten iron in the ladle barrel 4. Therefore, setting a reasonable nitrogen preset value can ensure that the nitrogen pressure is within the safe bearing range of the ladle barrel 4, thereby ensuring the safety of equipment and operators.

[0063] Next, in order to realize the spheroidization reaction of the molten iron in the ladle bucket 4, the following specific structure needs to be disclosed in detail, please refer to Figure 5-Figure 8 The sealed spheroidizing structure 11 includes a second cylinder 111, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate 3. A push rod 112 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder 111. The end of the push rod 112 away from the second cylinder 111 penetrates and is slidably connected to a first bell jar 113. Four rectangular grooves 114 are provided inside the first bell jar 113. A plurality of first holes 115 are provided on the surface of the first bell jar 113. A second bell jar 116 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push rod 112. A metal magnesium block 119 is detachably installed inside the second bell jar 116. Four rectangular blocks 117 are fixedly connected to the outer annular surface of the second bell jar 116. A plurality of second holes 118 are provided on the surface of the second bell jar 116.

[0064] The push rod 112 penetrates the sealing cover 124 and is slidably connected. The bottom of the push rod 112 penetrates the first bell jar 113 which is slidable and is arranged in the middle of the ladle barrel 4. The first bell jar 113 has four rectangular grooves 114 which are matched with the four rectangular grooves 114 fixed on the outer ring surface of the second bell jar 116. The second hole 118 of the first bell jar 113 has the same diameter as the first hole 115 of the second bell jar 116.

[0065] When the first bell jar 113 is not moving inside the ladle bucket 4, the first hole 115 opened in the first bell jar 113 and the second hole 118 opened in the second bell jar 116 are staggered. When the first bell jar 113 is moving inside the ladle bucket 4, the first hole 115 opened in the first bell jar 113 and the second hole 118 opened in the second bell jar 116 are overlapped. First, ensure that the magnesium block 119 is untreated. Then, when the ladle bucket 4 is filled with nitrogen, it is necessary to pass The staff controls the main control console 8 to start the second cylinder 111, so that the push rod 112 fixed at the output end of the second cylinder 111 moves downward. Since the first bell jar 113 and the second bell jar 116 are placed on the top and have no connection, and the first holes 115 and the second holes 118 of the first bell jar 113 and the second bell jar 116 in the initial state are staggered, when the first bell jar 113 and the second bell jar 116 move downward, the first hole 115 will be blocked (that is, the hole becomes smaller), so that the first bell jar 113 and the second bell jar 116 that have just entered can reduce the formation of a larger convection between the cold air in the bell jar and the hot molten iron outside, so that magnesium can reach the gasification temperature faster and begin to stably react with the molten iron in the ladle bucket 4. Then, when the first bell jar 113 and the second bell jar 116 move to the bottom of the ladle bucket 4 (that is, the first bell jar 113 contacts the inside of the ladle bucket 4), and because the second bell jar 116 is lower than the first bell jar 113 (), the push rod When 112 continues to move, it will drive the rectangular block 117 fixed on the outer ring surface of the second bell jar 116 to slide in the rectangular groove 114 opened in the first bell jar 113, so that the second hole 118 opened in the second bell jar 116 will overlap with the first hole 115 opened in the first bell jar 113, so that the first hole 115 cannot be blocked (that is, the hole becomes larger). The larger hole can make the gas discharge more smoothly, reduce the additional resistance caused by gas accumulation, and ensure that the bell jar can work smoothly in the molten iron.

[0066] Here, the specific functions of the above-mentioned parts will be described in detail. After the push rod 112 sends the metal magnesium in the bell jar into the molten iron in the molten iron ladle, when the reaction is completed and returned, at least three high-temperature sliding seals are set between the push rod 112 and the sealing cover 124, and the outer ring surface of the push rod 112 is wrapped with refractory material, and a protective cover is set at the same time;

[0067] The metal magnesium block 119 is made of graphite, and the openings of the first bell jar 113 and the second bell jar 116 not only consider the speed of the molten iron entering, but also consider the diffusion direction of the molten iron. The design of the structural composition must be carefully calculated and set;

[0068] The hot metal ladle 4 shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with the specifications of a high-temperature pressure vessel bearing 1.0MP, with a 25%-30% margin in capacity;

[0069] The push plate 103 not only carries the transportation of the ladle 4, but also must have the strength to position the ladle 4 and withstand the sealing thrust of the ladle;

[0070] The metal magnesium block 119 is made of a thin iron plate filled with metal magnesium. The number, position and area of ​​the openings and holes on the bottom and around are precisely and strictly designed, and the refractory coating is applied on the outside to control the speed of the chemical reaction of the molten iron while considering the diffusion direction of the molten iron.

[0071] In order to move the sealing spheroidizing structure 11 to the inside of the ladle 4 and at the same time press the sealing cover 124 to improve the sealing effect, the sealing structure 12 needs to be disclosed in detail, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The sealing structure 12 at least includes a push plate 121, which is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the push rod 112. The bottom of the push plate 121 is rotatably connected to a first swing rod 122. The side of the first swing rod 122 away from the push plate 121 is rotatably connected to a second swing rod 123 through a pin. The side of the second swing rod 123 away from the first swing rod 122 is rotatably connected to the top of the sealing package cover 124. The diameter of the push plate 121 is the same as the diameter of the hole opened by the limiting plate 104. The straight opening opened by the limiting plate 104 is the same as the distance after the first swing rod 122 and the second swing rod 123 swing.

[0072] When the push plate 121 is not moving, the first swing rod 122 and the second swing rod 123 rotatably connected to the push plate 121 are in a parallel state. When the push plate 121 is moving, the first swing rod 122 and the second swing rod 123 rotatably connected to the push plate 121 are in a V-shaped state. When the push rod 112 drives the first bell jar 113 to move toward the inside of the molten iron ladle bucket 4, since the sealing bag cover 124 is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate 3, the movement of the push rod 112 will synchronously drive the push plate 121 to move downward. At the same time, the first swing rod 122 and the second swing rod 123 will respectively swing around the pin shaft and present a greater than or less than state, and abut against the straight line opening opened by the limit plate 104, so that the sealing bag cover 124 rotatably connected to the bottom of the second swing rod 123 abuts, thereby improving the effect of the sealing bag cover 124 in sealing the molten iron ladle bucket 4.

[0073] The second embodiment of the present invention provides a spheroidizing method, step 1, putting molten iron into the ladle bucket 4, and pushing the ladle bucket 4 to the middle of the support plate 3 by the ladle transport vehicle 5, and ensuring that the ladle bucket 4 is placed in the middle of the support plate 3 and aligned with the bottom of the sealing structure 12;

[0074] Step 2: Put the metal magnesium block 119 into the second bell jar 116 by the robot 7, and ensure that the second hole 118 and the first hole 115 are in an interlaced arrangement in the initial state;

[0075] Step 3: Start the sealing thrust structure 10 to lift the ladle transport vehicle 5 and the ladle bucket 4 to contact the sealing structure 12 and seal and react with the magnesium block 119;

[0076] Step 4: Start the sealed spheroidizing structure 11 to gradually lower the first bell jar 113 and the second bell jar 116 to the bottom of the molten iron ladle 4, so that the second hole 118 and the first hole 115 change from a staggered state to an overlapped state, so as to facilitate smoother discharge of the gas generated by the subsequent reaction of the magnesium metal block 119;

[0077] Step 5: Reset the sealing thrust structure 10 and the sealing spheroidizing structure 11, and transport the molten iron in the ladle bucket 4 after the reaction to the destination through the ladle transport vehicle 5, so as to facilitate the subsequent lifting of the ladle bucket 4 for subsequent work;

[0078] Step 6: The robot 7 cleans the sealed spheroidizing structure 11 after use and takes pictures and compares them with the bell jar that is not clean enough until the requirements are met, thus completing the spheroidizing treatment of the molten iron in the ladle bucket 4.

[0079] The working principle of the dust removal structure 9 will be explained here to facilitate the understanding of the working principle mentioned below. The core component of the dust removal structure 9 is the electric motor, which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, drives the fan blades to rotate, and generates strong suction. The high-speed fan can create a strong negative pressure and absorb the floating dust nearby from the suction port of the dust removal structure 9. This negative pressure causes the external air to be sucked into the vacuum cleaner through the suction port, and the dust and dirt are sucked in and collected in the dust box or dust bag. On the one hand, it is to improve the hygiene of the overall working environment, and on the other hand, it prevents floating dust from falling into the molten iron in the subsequent molten iron ladle.

[0080] Working principle: The staff loads the ladle bucket 4 with molten iron and puts it on the surface of the ladle transport vehicle 5, and then pushes the ladle transport vehicle 5 and the ladle bucket 4 to the bottom of the sealing structure 12 and the center of the push plate 103. When the molten iron inside the ladle bucket 4 needs to be spheroidized, the staff needs to control the main control console 8 to start the first cylinder 101, so that the push plate 103 is pushed upward under the limit of the four limit shafts 102. The push plate 103 can push the ladle transport vehicle 5 and the ladle bucket 4 to move upward until they come into contact with the sealing cover 124 and stop moving;

[0081] When the sealing cover 124 is in contact and sealed with the ladle barrel 4, the sealing strip 126 can be placed on the inner side of the ladle barrel 4 to achieve sealing of the contact position between the ladle barrel 4 and the sealing cover 124. Moreover, after sealing, the staff controls the main control console 8 to start the preset compressor inside the nitrogen box 128, so that the nitrogen inside the nitrogen box 128 passes through the nitrogen pipe 127 and is directed to the inside of the ladle barrel 4, and ensures that the nitrogen filled in the nitrogen box 128 works according to the set process parameters. When the nitrogen pressure reaches the set value, the nitrogen box 128 stops working. At the same time, the pressure detection head 125 can detect the pressure inside the ladle barrel 4 at any time to prevent the nitrogen pressure filled in the ladle barrel 4 from being too high and causing an explosion.

[0082] After nitrogen is filled into the ladle barrel 4, the staff needs to control the main control console 8 to start the second cylinder 111, so that the push rod 112 fixed at the output end of the second cylinder 111 moves downward, and at the same time drives the second bell jar 116 and the first bell jar 113 to move downward, and then when the first bell jar 113 and the second bell jar 116 move to the bottom of the ladle barrel 4, the push rod 112 continues to move to drive the rectangular block 117 fixed on the outer ring surface of the second bell jar 116 to slide in the rectangular groove 114 opened in the first bell jar 113, so that the second hole 118 opened in the second bell jar 116 will overlap with the first hole 115 opened in the first bell jar 113, so as to facilitate the subsequent reaction between the molten iron and the magnesium block 119.

[0083] At the same time, when the push rod 112 drives the first bell jar 113 to move into the inside of the molten iron ladle bucket 4, the push rod 112 will synchronously drive the push plate 121 to move downward, and the first swing rod 122 and the second swing rod 123 will respectively swing around the pin shaft in a V shape, and abut against the straight line opening opened by the limit plate 104, so that the sealing bag cover 124 connected to the bottom of the second swing rod 123 is abutted, thereby improving the stability of the sealing bag cover 124 when sealing the molten iron ladle bucket 4;

[0084] After the molten iron in the ladle barrel 4 reacts, the staff controls the main control console 8 to reset the sealing thrust structure 10 and the sealing spheroidizing structure 11 to the initial position (i.e., opening the sealed ladle barrel 4), and ensure that the driving device releases air smoothly without causing the molten iron in the ladle barrel 4 to fluctuate, and then makes the push plate 103 parallel to the workbench 2. At the same time, when the sealed ladle barrel 4 is opened, the dust removal structure 9 will start to absorb and discharge the generated dust, and the ladle transport vehicle 5 and the molten iron will be opened. After the ladle barrel 4 is reset, it is pushed out to the working area. Then, the staff controls the main console 8 to start the robot 7, so as to blow and clean the residues on the sealing spheroidizing structure 11 and the sealing structure 12 bell jar, take pictures, and compare them. If the standard requirements of the clean bell jar are not met, the robot 7 will replace other tools from the storage box 6 to continue cleaning, and work back and forth repeatedly until the requirements are met. The robot 7 can also replace the metal magnesium block 119 and wait for the next molten iron ladle transport vehicle 5 and molten iron ladle barrel 4 to perform spheroidizing work again.

[0085] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cast iron equipment for spheroidizing a magnesium metal block, comprising a support table (1), characterized in that: A workbench (2) is arranged on the top of the support platform (1), a support plate (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the workbench (2), a dust removal structure (9) is arranged on the bottom of the support plate (3), a storage box (6), a robot (7) and a main control console (8) are arranged on the surface of the workbench (2), a sealing thrust structure (10) is arranged on the top of the support platform (1), a sealing spheroidizing structure (11) and a sealing structure (12) are arranged on the bottom of the support plate (3), the sealing spheroidizing structure (11) is arranged in the middle of the sealing structure (12), the sealing structure (12) is arranged in the middle of the sealing thrust structure (10), a molten iron ladle transport vehicle (5) is arranged on the surface of the molten iron ladle transport vehicle (5), and a molten iron ladle bucket (4) is detachably mounted on the surface of the molten iron ladle transport vehicle (5); The sealing thrust structure (10) comprises a first cylinder (101), the first cylinder (101) being mounted on the bottom of the support platform (1), the output end of the first cylinder (101) being fixedly connected to a push plate (103), four corners of the push plate (103) respectively penetrating with four limit shafts (102) being slidably connected, the tops of the four limit shafts (102) being fixedly connected to limit plates (104), the limit plates (104) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (3), the bottoms of the four limit shafts (102) being fixedly connected to the inside of the support platform (1), and the push plate (103) being used to receive the molten iron ladle transport vehicle (5) and the molten iron ladle bucket (4); The sealing structure (12) comprises at least a sealing cover (124), the sealing cover (124) being fixedly connected to the side of the support plate (3), a sealing strip (126) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover (124), a pressure detection head (125) for detecting the pressure of the molten iron ladle (4) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover (124), a nitrogen pipe (127) being fixedly connected through the inside of the sealing cover (124), a nitrogen box (128) being fixedly connected through one end of the nitrogen pipe (127) away from the sealing cover (124), and the nitrogen box (128) being fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate (3); The diameter of the sealing cover (124) is the same as the diameter of the ladle barrel (4), and the diameter of the sealing strip (126) is the same as the inner diameter of the ladle barrel (4); The sealed spheroidizing structure (11) comprises a second cylinder (111), the second cylinder (111) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate (3), the output end of the second cylinder (111) is fixedly connected to a push rod (112), one end of the push rod (112) away from the second cylinder (111) penetrates and is slidably connected to a first bell jar (113), four rectangular grooves (114) are provided inside the first bell jar (113), a plurality of first holes (115) are provided on the surface of the first bell jar (113), the bottom of the push rod (112) is fixedly connected to a second bell jar (116), a metal magnesium block (119) is detachably installed inside the second bell jar (116), four rectangular blocks (117) are fixedly connected to the outer annular surface of the second bell jar (116), and a plurality of second holes (118) are provided on the surface of the second bell jar (116).

2. The iron casting equipment by spheroidizing a magnesium metal block according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the push plate (103) is in a state parallel to the support plate (3), the iron ladle transport vehicle (5) and the iron ladle bucket (4) arranged on the surface of the push plate (103) are not in contact with the sealing structure (12); when the push plate (103) is in a lifted state, the iron ladle transport vehicle (5) and the iron ladle bucket (4) arranged on the surface of the push plate (103) are in contact with the limit shaft (102).

3. The iron casting equipment by spheroidizing a magnesium metal block according to claim 2, characterized in that: The push rod (112) passes through the sealing cover (124) and is slidably connected. The bottom of the push rod (112) passes through a first bell jar (113) which is slidably arranged in the middle of the ladle barrel (4). The first bell jar (113) has four rectangular grooves (114) which are matched with four rectangular grooves (114) fixed on the outer ring surface of the second bell jar (116). The second hole (118) formed in the first bell jar (113) has the same diameter as the first hole (115) formed in the second bell jar (116).

4. The iron casting equipment by spheroidizing a magnesium metal block according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the first bell jar (113) is not moving inside the molten iron ladle bucket (4), the first hole (115) opened in the first bell jar (113) and the second hole (118) opened in the second bell jar (116) are staggered; when the first bell jar (113) is moving inside the molten iron ladle bucket (4), the first hole (115) opened in the first bell jar (113) and the second hole (118) opened in the second bell jar (116) are overlapped.

5. The iron casting equipment by spheroidizing a magnesium metal block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing structure (12) comprises at least a pushing plate (121), wherein the pushing plate (121) is fixedly connected to the outer annular surface of the pushing rod (112), the bottom of the pushing plate (121) is rotatably connected to a first swing rod (122), the side of the first swing rod (122) away from the pushing plate (121) is rotatably connected to a second swing rod (123) via a pin, the side of the second swing rod (123) away from the first swing rod (122) is rotatably connected to the top of the sealing bag cover (124), the diameter of the pushing plate (121) is the same as the diameter of the hole opened in the limiting plate (104), and the straight opening opened in the limiting plate (104) is the same as the distance after the first swing rod (122) and the second swing rod (123) are swung.

6. The iron casting equipment by spheroidizing a magnesium metal block according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the pushing disk (121) is not moving, the first swing rod (122) and the second swing rod (123) rotatably connected to the pushing disk (121) are in a parallel state; when the pushing disk (121) is moving, the first swing rod (122) and the second swing rod (123) rotatably connected to the pushing disk (121) are in a V-shaped state.

7. A method for spheroidizing cast iron equipment by spheroidizing a metal magnesium block, applied to the cast iron equipment by spheroidizing a metal magnesium block as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Place molten iron into a ladle bucket (4), and push the ladle bucket (4) to the middle of the support plate (3) using a ladle transport vehicle (5), and ensure that the ladle bucket (4) is placed in the middle of the support plate (3) and is aligned with the bottom of the sealing structure (12); Step 2: placing the metal magnesium block (119) into the second bell jar (116) by means of the robot (7), and ensuring that the second hole (118) and the first hole (115) are arranged in an interlaced manner in the initial state; Step 3: Start the sealing thrust structure (10) to lift the ladle transport vehicle (5) and the ladle bucket (4) so ​​that they are in contact with the sealing structure (12) and sealed to react with the metal magnesium block (119); Step 4: Start the sealed spheroidizing structure (11) to gradually lower the first bell jar (113) and the second bell jar (116) to the bottom of the molten iron ladle (4), so that the second hole (118) and the first hole (115) change from a staggered state to an overlapped state, so as to facilitate smoother discharge of the gas generated by the subsequent reaction of the magnesium metal block (119); Step 5: Reset the sealing thrust structure (10) and the sealing spheroidizing structure (11), and transport the molten iron in the ladle bucket (4) after the reaction to the destination via the ladle transport vehicle (5), so as to facilitate the subsequent lifting of the ladle bucket (4) for subsequent work; Step 6: The robot (7) cleans the sealed spheroidizing structure (11) after use and takes a photo of it and compares it with the bell jar that is not clean enough until the requirements are met, thus completing the spheroidizing process of the molten iron in the ladle barrel (4).

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