Temporary strengthening method for ship sections

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing or assembling, in particular to a ship block temporary reinforcing method. A temporary strengthening method for ship block manufacturing comprises the steps that in the design stage, according to the assembly sequence, strengthening structures and strengthening positions, needed by all stages, of the positions needing to be strengthened are marked in a design drawing or a process construction drawing in advance according to the sequence of a subassembly stage, a segment stage and a segmentation stage; in the construction stage, temporary reinforcement is conducted according to marks in design drawings or process construction drawings. In the design stage or the process construction stage, the overall structure of the ship can be considered, and other parts can be displayed in a drawing, so that the problem of influence on assembly caused by on-site temporary reinforcement in the prior art can be avoided in the design process; therefore, the problem that in the prior art, temporary reinforcement of the ship structure is determined by on-site constructors in the construction process, and consequently repeated reinforcement or missing reinforcement possibly occurs to the ship structure is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing or assembly, and in particular to a temporary reinforcement method for ship sections. Background Art

[0002] In shipbuilding, block construction is widely used in the field of shipbuilding because it can be carried out in parallel in multiple sections, shortening the overall construction period. Specifically, block construction is to first weld and assemble individual parts into segments, and then assemble the formed segments to obtain corresponding segments, until all the segments are assembled to obtain a ship.

[0003] During the assembly process, due to the heavy weight of the parts and the fragments and sections, they need to be hoisted during use. During the hoisting process, the bottom is often not supported but the lifting points are lifted. During the lifting and assembly process, due to the heavy weight of the parts, deformation may occur, affecting the quality of the ship. In the actual assembly process, construction workers often use angle steel or plates based on personal experience to temporarily reinforce the weak points of the structure, and then remove these temporary reinforcement structures after completing the segment assembly.

[0004] However, these reinforcements in the prior art are often based on personal experience and completely rely on the personal experience and personal qualities of the construction personnel. The construction personnel may not master the entire ship structure and may not pay attention to the details. For example, during the reinforcement process, after strengthening a certain part, the part may interfere with other parts when assembled into segments. Or after strengthening a certain part, when strengthening the segments, the reinforcement is repeated or omitted. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for temporary reinforcement of ship sections, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that temporary reinforcement of the ship structure during construction is determined by on-site construction personnel, resulting in possible repeated reinforcement or missing reinforcement of the ship structure.

[0006] A temporary reinforcement method for ship block manufacturing, in the design stage, according to the order of assembly, the positions that need to be reinforced are marked in advance in the design drawings or process construction drawings according to the order of component assembly stage, segment stage and segment stage, and the reinforcement structures and reinforcement positions required in each stage are marked in advance. In the construction stage, temporary reinforcement is performed according to the markings in the design drawings or process construction drawings; the positions that need to be reinforced include the openings of open parts, the structural openings in the segment structure and the hanging points and structural openings in the segment structure, the soft gaps between structures, and the fixed reinforcement of a single structure.

[0007] Furthermore, during the construction phase, the open parts are first reinforced, and the reinforcement structure is arranged inside the edge of the opening of the open parts.

[0008] Furthermore, the structural openings are reinforced using panels whose error values ​​after CNC cutting are within a set range.

[0009] Furthermore, when continuous welding is used to weld the reinforcement structure at the position to be reinforced, the weld length is controlled to be no less than 50 mm, and the spacing between adjacent welds is 50 mm-100 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the annotations in the design drawings or construction drawings also include the shape and specifications of the reinforcement structure, welding requirements and the stages of disassembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting positions were reinforced using channel steel, round steel and square steel during the construction phase.

[0012] Furthermore, the ends of the channel steel in the length direction are respectively welded at the positions to be strengthened, and the width of the weld angle is maintained to be no less than 1.2 times of the standard weld angle.

[0013] Furthermore, during the design phase, the structural weaknesses in each segment structure and section structure of the ship are analyzed based on finite element analysis software, and the structural weaknesses are temporarily reinforced.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the temporary processing method for ship section manufacturing in the present invention are: the temporary reinforcement method for ship section manufacturing in the present invention avoids the need for construction personnel to use experience to strengthen in the later stage by marking the positions that need to be strengthened in the design drawings or process construction drawings in advance during the design stage. During the construction stage, the construction personnel only need to operate according to the drawings; and because the overall structure of the ship can be considered during the design stage or the process construction stage, and other components can be displayed in the drawings, the problem of affecting assembly caused by temporary reinforcement on site in the prior art can be avoided during the design process; the assembly stage, the fragment stage and the section stage all have positions that need to be strengthened. Marking the structures that need to be strengthened in sequence according to the order of ship construction can minimize missed markings, thereby solving the problem of repeated reinforcement or missed reinforcement of the ship structure caused by the temporary reinforcement of the ship structure during the construction process determined by on-site construction personnel in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of strengthening the component installation stage in the temporary strengthening method of ship sections in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of strengthening the fragment stage in the ship segment temporary strengthening method of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of strengthening the segmentation stage in the temporary reinforcement method of the ship segmentation in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first use of channel steel in the temporary reinforcement method for ship sections of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a second use form of channel steel in the temporary reinforcement method of ship sections in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a third use form of channel steel in the temporary reinforcement method of ship sections in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the fourth use form of channel steel in the temporary reinforcement method of ship sections in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the fifth use form of channel steel in the temporary reinforcement method of ship sections in the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the sixth use form of channel steel in the temporary reinforcement method of ship sections in the present invention;

[0025] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the seventh use form of channel steel in the temporary reinforcement method of ship sections in the present invention.

[0026] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are: 1. open parts; 2. fragment structure; 3. segmented structure; 4. channel steel; 41. weld fillet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described below by the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0028] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0029] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the following description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention, and have no specific meanings. Therefore, "module" and "component" can be used interchangeably.

[0033] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In the embodiment 1 of the temporary reinforcement method for ship sections of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the temporary reinforcement method):

[0035] The temporary reinforcement method in this embodiment covers the design stage and the construction stage. In the design stage, after analysis by finite element software, the locations that need to be reinforced, the specifications of the reinforcement structures to be used, the welding methods, and the timing of disassembly are planned and marked on the drawings. Subsequent construction personnel only need to carry out construction according to the markings on the drawings, that is, temporary reinforcement of the construction site can be regarded as part of the design and can be considered in a comprehensive manner.

[0036] Specifically, the process of shipbuilding includes the assembly stage of assembling individual parts, the segment stage of assembling the assembled structure, and the segment stage of assembling multiple segments. In the assembly stage, individual parts need to be operated, and individual parts are often light in weight. When using them, their structural strength needs to be paid more attention. Therefore, in actual use, the structure of individual parts is strengthened. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, during the strengthening process, the opening of the open part 1 is strengthened. The parts are often not a flat steel plate. There is often an opening in the middle of the parts. If the opening is a closed round hole or square hole, the part is a closed part, and its structural strength is sufficient and does not require additional reinforcement. If the opening on the part extends to the edge, the part is an open part 1. The opening in the middle and the edge constitute the opening of the part. For the strengthening of the opening, channel steel 4, round steel or square steel needs to be used for welding and strengthening, and the welding position of these reinforcement structures should be on the inside of the edge to avoid interference between the parts and other parts during use.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, before assembling or welding the sub-structures together, they need to be hoisted to a suitable location. Since the sub-structures are assembled together by multiple parts, their weight increases, and some parts exceed the limit of construction workers' handling. Therefore, the sub-structures should also be hoisted. At this time, it is necessary to consider not only the structural strength of the sub-structure itself, but also the force of the sub-structure during hoisting. For the reinforcement of the sub-structure, the main focus is on the structural openings and lifting points, where the structural openings include the opening edges of the L-shaped structure and the opening edges of the C-shaped structure. Through such reinforcement, the single structural openings are also turned into stable open structures.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, for the reinforcement of the segment structure 2 itself, since after the assembly structure is spliced, a new L-shaped structure or C-shaped structure will be formed, which will cause instability of the segment structure 2, it is necessary to strengthen the formed segment structure 2. The formed segment structure 2 also needs to be strengthened at the structural opening, specifically, the hanging point position of the segment structure 2 and the opening edges in the L-shaped structure and the C-shaped structure are also strengthened.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, finally, the segmented assembly needs to be performed. The segmented parts need to be assembled together. During the connection process, due to the large weight of the segment structure 2 itself, and the fact that the edge of the segment structure 2 cannot be effectively strengthened for the segment structure 2 alone, it can only be achieved by welding between the segment structures 2 and the segment structures 2. Therefore, the segment structures 2 and the segment structures 2 need to be structurally strengthened, that is, the soft gaps between the structures and the fixed reinforcement of the individual structures need to be strengthened. For the segmented structure 3 itself, after the segment assembly is completed, separate edge parts may be formed on the segmented structure 3. These edge parts often form structural openings with relatively weak structures. These structural openings also need additional structural reinforcement.

[0040] In order to avoid the influence of human experience on shipbuilding, in this embodiment, the structural weak points in the segment structure 2 and the segment structure 3 required for ship construction are analyzed based on the finite element analysis software. Through the finite element analysis, the force concentration points and structural weak points in the lifting process and the construction process can be known. The so-called structural weak point refers to the position where the force is greater than the structural strength itself.

[0041] When using a reinforcing structure for reinforcement, the reinforcing structure should be selected according to the location of the construction. Specifically, the plate with an error value within the set range after CNC cutting is used to reinforce the open part of the structure, and the channel steel 4, round steel and square steel are used to reinforce the lifting position. Since a large gravity will be gathered at the lifting structure such as the lifting ring during lifting, the channel steel 4, round steel and square steel that can withstand a large torque are used here for reinforcement. As for the open part of the structure, since it generally needs to be spliced ​​and assembled with another segmented structure 3 or another fragment structure 2, it does not need to withstand a large torque but needs to maintain the accuracy here to avoid being unable to assemble. Therefore, the plate with an error value within the set range after CNC cutting is used to reinforce the open part of the structure to ensure the structural accuracy here. Of course, in other embodiments, the use of plates and square steels, round steels and channel steels can also be replaced, such as using CNC cut channel steels for reinforcement.

[0042] In the process of using the reinforcement structure to temporarily strengthen the ship, the plate is usually used by fitting the plate surface and the surface to be strengthened together and then welding. As for the use of the channel steel 4, since the channel steel 4 itself has multiple surfaces, different parts need to be used for reinforcement according to different situations. For the connection and fixation of two flush plate surfaces, such as Figure 4 Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the bottom surface or two side surfaces of the channel steel 4 are used as surfaces for connection and fixing. During use, the structure of the channel steel 4 itself can be further strengthened, such as Figure 5 As shown, two channel steels 4 of the same type can be used, so that the openings of the channel steels 4 are spliced ​​together, so that the channel steels 4 form a closed structure with a rectangular cross section, further improving the strength of the channel steels 4, thereby improving the reinforcement strength. It is worth noting that at this time, there is a large contact area between the channel steel 4 and the structure to be reinforced, and continuous welding is required for welding. During the welding process, the length of a single weld should be kept not less than 50mm, and the spacing between adjacent welds should be kept between 50mm-100mm, thereby maintaining the necessary structural strength.

[0043] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the end of the channel steel 4 may be connected to the structure to be reinforced to achieve reinforcement, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the channel steel 4 and the position to be reinforced are arranged perpendicular to each other. At this time, the end of the channel steel 4 needs to be attached and welded to the plate surface to be reinforced. Specifically, the end of the channel steel 4 can be welded to the plate surface to be reinforced, or the end of the channel steel 4 can be inserted into the plate surface to be reinforced, and the channel steel 4 and the plate surface to be reinforced are welded and connected. Of course, the end of the channel steel 4 can also be used to connect the position to be reinforced. At this time, there is a certain angle between the channel steel 4 and the plate surface to be reinforced. Specifically, when in use, Fig. 9 As shown, before welding, the excess part of the channel steel 4 can be cut off, and the cut end of the channel steel 4 can be welded to the part to be strengthened. Fig.10 As shown, the redundant part of the channel steel 4 is inserted into the part to be strengthened for welding connection. It is worth noting that when the end of the channel steel is used for welding, due to the small contact area, the width of the weld angle 41 here should be wider to improve the strength. In this embodiment, when the end of the channel steel is used for welding, the width of the weld angle 41 should be not less than 1.2 times of the standard weld angle.

[0044] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temporary reinforcement method for ship segment manufacturing, characterized in that: During the design stage, according to the order of assembly, the positions that need to be reinforced will be marked in advance on the design drawings or process construction drawings according to the order of sub-assembly stage, fragment stage and segment stage. The reinforced structures and reinforcement positions required for each stage will be marked in advance on the design drawings or process construction drawings. During the construction stage, temporary reinforcement will be carried out according to the markings in the design drawings or process construction drawings; the positions that need to be reinforced include the openings of open parts, structural openings in fragment structures, hanging points and structural openings in segment structures, soft stops between structures, and fixed reinforcements of individual structures.

2. The temporary reinforcement method for ship segment manufacturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the construction phase, the open parts are first reinforced, and the reinforcement structure is arranged inside the edge of the opening of the open parts.

3. The temporary reinforcement method for ship segment manufacturing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Use panels whose error values ​​after CNC cutting are within the set range to reinforce the structural openings.

4. The temporary reinforcement method for ship segment manufacturing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When continuous welding is used to weld the reinforced structure at the position where reinforcement is required, the weld length is controlled to be no less than 50mm, and the spacing between adjacent welds is 50mm-100mm.

5. The temporary processing method for ship segment manufacturing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The markings in the design drawings or construction drawings also include the shape and specifications of the reinforcement structure, welding requirements and the stages of disassembly.

6. The temporary processing method for ship segment manufacturing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: During the construction phase, channel steel, round steel and square steel are used to reinforce the lifting position.

7. The temporary processing method for ship segment manufacturing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ends of the channel steel in the length direction are welded at the positions to be strengthened, and the width of the weld angle is kept not less than 1.2 times the standard weld angle.

8. The temporary processing method for ship segment manufacturing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: During the design phase, the structural weaknesses in each segment structure and section structure of the ship are analyzed using finite element analysis software, and the structural weaknesses are temporarily reinforced.

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