Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and application thereof in prevention and treatment of rice blast

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, and relates to an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and an application thereof in prevention and treatment of rice blast. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is obtained by mixing 25-50 parts of a plant source organic fertilizer, 25-50 parts of an animal source organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of an inorganic fertilizer raw material and 0.5-1 part of sodium silicate, wherein the plant source organic fertilizer is a licorice residue organic fertilizer. Through complementation of organic and inorganic nutrients, comprehensive and balanced nutrients are provided for rice, the stress resistance of plants is enhanced, the yield is increased, meanwhile, the rice blast prevention and treatment effect is good, the advantages of being environmentally friendly, low in residue and easy to degrade are achieved, and the defects that chemical pesticides are likely to generate drug resistance and pollute the environment can be overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, and more specifically relates to an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and application thereof in preventing and controlling rice blast. Background Art

[0002] As one of the world's major food crops, the healthy growth of rice is directly related to food security and sustainable agricultural development. However, the diseases faced by rice during its growth, especially rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae), have a serious impact on its yield and quality. Rice blast is a disease caused by fungi that not only affects the leaves, but may also infect the stems and ears, resulting in a significant reduction in yield or even a total crop failure.

[0003] Traditional prevention and control methods mainly rely on the use of chemical pesticides. Although they can effectively control the disease in the short term, in the long run, excessive use of chemical pesticides will lead to environmental pollution, increased resistance to pesticides, and disruption of ecological balance. Therefore, finding environmentally friendly, efficient and sustainable disease prevention and control solutions has become an important direction of modern agricultural research.

[0004] In recent years, biofertilizers have attracted widespread attention due to their potential in increasing crop yields, improving soil quality and reducing the use of chemical pesticides. Among them, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers combine the long-term effectiveness of organic fertilizers with the quick-acting properties of inorganic fertilizers. They can not only provide the nutrients required by crops, but also improve soil structure and promote the activities of beneficial microorganisms, thereby enhancing the stress resistance and disease resistance of crops.

[0005] However, most of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer products on the market currently focus on nutrient supply, and have limited effects on the prevention and control of specific diseases such as rice blast. Therefore, the development of a new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer that can not only provide the nutrients required by crops but also effectively prevent and control rice blast has important theoretical significance and application value. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and its application in preventing and controlling rice blast, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and achieve the prevention and control of rice blast.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, wherein the raw materials include, by weight:

[0009] 25-50 parts of plant-derived organic fertilizer, 25-50 parts of animal-derived organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of inorganic fertilizer raw materials and 0.5-1 part of sodium silicate;

[0010] The plant-derived organic fertilizer is liquorice residue organic fertilizer;

[0011] The animal-derived organic fertilizer is at least one of decomposed cow dung, pig dung, sheep dung and chicken dung;

[0012] The inorganic fertilizer raw materials consist of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

[0013] The parts by mass in the present invention all refer to parts by mass under dry weight conditions.

[0014] Further, the preparation steps of the liquorice residue organic fertilizer are:

[0015] The water content of the liquorice residue is adjusted to 60-70%, and then an enzyme preparation is added to perform enzymolysis treatment to obtain an enzymolysis product of the liquorice residue;

[0016] The water content of the licorice residue enzymatic hydrolysis product is adjusted to 55-65%, and a fermentation agent is added to obtain a licorice residue organic fertilizer through fermentation.

[0017] Preferably, the enzyme preparation is added in an amount of 0.01-0.1% of the dry weight of liquorice residue, and is obtained by mixing cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase in equal mass ratios.

[0018] The enzyme activities of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase are not less than 10000U / g.

[0019] Preferably, the enzymatic treatment is carried out for 2 to 3 days at a temperature of 40 to 50°C.

[0020] Preferably, the fermentation agent is added in an amount of 0.01-0.02% of the dry weight of the liquorice residue, and is obtained by mixing plant lactobacillus and yeast in an equal mass ratio.

[0021] The number of viable bacteria of plant lactobacillus and yeast is not less than 10 9 cfu / g.

[0022] Preferably, the fermentation treatment lasts for 7 to 14 days at a temperature of 40 to 50°C.

[0023] Furthermore, the mass ratio of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the inorganic fertilizer raw material is 2:1:1.5.

[0024] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the steps comprising:

[0025] The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is obtained by uniformly mixing plant-derived organic fertilizer, animal-derived organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer raw materials and sodium silicate.

[0026] The third technical solution of the present invention is to provide an application of the above organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in preventing and controlling rice blast.

[0027] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0028] By combining plant-based organic fertilizer (licorice residue organic fertilizer) with animal-based organic fertilizer (rotted cow dung, pig dung, sheep dung and chicken dung), as well as appropriate amounts of inorganic fertilizers (nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer), the complementarity of organic and inorganic nutrients is achieved, providing rice with comprehensive and balanced nutrition, which helps to enhance the plant's resistance to stress and increase yield.

[0029] Sodium silicate is specially added to this compound fertilizer. Silicon can enhance the thickness of rice cell walls and improve rice's resistance to rice blast. In addition, through optimized enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation processes, the active ingredients in licorice residue organic fertilizer are released. These ingredients have a biostimulatory effect and can further enhance rice's disease resistance.

[0030] The invention adopts a composite enzyme preparation of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase, and a composite fermentation agent of plant lactobacillus and yeast, which ensures efficient enzymolysis and fermentation of licorice residue organic fertilizer. It not only improves the bioavailability of organic fertilizer, but also promotes the formation of beneficial microbial communities, and has a positive effect on improving soil microecological environment and inhibiting the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria.

[0031] The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the inorganic fertilizer raw material of the present invention is 2:1:1.5, which is intended to meet the nutrient requirements of rice at different growth stages and help enhance the lodging resistance and disease resistance of rice.

[0032] The invention utilizes liquorice residue as the raw material of organic fertilizer, which not only solves the problem of waste disposal after liquorice processing, but also realizes the recycling of resources, and embodies the concept of green and sustainable agriculture.

[0033] The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention can effectively improve the resistance of rice to rice blast, wherein the licorice residue organic fertilizer has a good control effect on rice blast, and has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, low in residue and easy to degrade, and can make up for the shortcomings of chemical pesticides that are prone to produce drug resistance and pollute the environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0036] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0037] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0038] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0039] In the specific implementation manner of the present invention, the raw materials used are all commercially available products, among which:

[0040] The enzyme activities of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase are not less than 10000U / g;

[0041] The number of viable bacteria of plant lactobacillus and yeast is not less than 10 9 cfu / g;

[0042] Animal-derived organic fertilizer is decomposed cow dung, but when decomposed pig dung, sheep dung and chicken dung are selected, it does not affect the realization of the technical effect and can be replaced equally;

[0043] The inorganic fertilizer raw material is obtained by mixing nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in a mass ratio of 2:1:1.5.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the enzyme preparation used is obtained by mixing cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase in equal mass ratios; the fermentation bacteria used is obtained by mixing plant lactobacillus and yeast in equal mass ratios.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Preparation of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer:

[0047] S1, adjusting the moisture content of liquorice residue (commercially available) to 60-70%, then adding enzyme preparation (0.1% of the dry weight of liquorice residue), and performing enzymolysis treatment at 40-50° C. for 3 days to obtain enzymolysis product of liquorice residue;

[0048] S2, adjusting the moisture content of the licorice residue enzymatic hydrolysis product to 55-65%, adding a fermentation agent (0.02% of the dry weight of the licorice residue), and fermenting at 40-50° C. for 14 days to obtain a licorice residue organic fertilizer;

[0049] S3. Evenly mix 50 parts of liquorice residue organic fertilizer, 25 parts of animal-derived organic fertilizer, 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer raw materials and 1 part of sodium silicate to obtain an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Preparation of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer:

[0052] S1, adjusting the moisture content of liquorice residue to 60-70%, then adding enzyme preparation (0.05% of the dry weight of liquorice residue), and performing enzymolysis treatment at 40-50° C. for 3 days to obtain enzymolysis product of liquorice residue;

[0053] S2, adjusting the moisture content of the licorice residue enzymatic hydrolysis product to 55-65%, adding a fermentation agent (0.01% of the dry weight of the licorice residue), and fermenting at 40-50° C. for 7 days to obtain a licorice residue organic fertilizer;

[0054] S3. Evenly mix 25 parts of liquorice residue organic fertilizer, 50 parts of animal-derived organic fertilizer, 5 parts of inorganic fertilizer raw materials and 0.5 parts of sodium silicate to obtain an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that no plant-derived organic fertilizer is added:

[0057] After the animal-derived organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer raw materials and sodium silicate are evenly mixed, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that no sodium silicate is added:

[0060] The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is obtained by uniformly mixing the licorice residue organic fertilizer, the animal-source organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer raw materials.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the licorice residue organic fertilizer is replaced with corn straw organic fertilizer:

[0063] S1. Adjust the moisture content of corn stalks (commercially available) to 60-70%, then add enzyme preparation (0.1% of the dry weight of corn stalks), and perform enzymolysis treatment at 40-50° C. for 3 days to obtain enzymolysis products of corn stalks;

[0064] S2, adjusting the moisture content of the corn straw enzymatic hydrolyzate to 55-65%, adding a fermentation agent (0.02% of the dry weight of the corn straw), and fermenting at 40-50° C. for 14 days to obtain corn straw organic fertilizer;

[0065] S3. Evenly mix 50 parts of corn stalk organic fertilizer, 25 parts of animal-derived organic fertilizer, 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer raw materials and 1 part of sodium silicate to obtain an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.

[0066] Comparative Example 4

[0067] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the fermentation temperature treatment degree is 60-70°C.

[0068] Test example

[0069] The fields in the same area of ​​the experimental base of the Institute of Plant Protection of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences were divided into 21 plots that did not interfere with each other. The plots were flat, free of pesticide damage, and the soil had good water and fertilizer retention. They were divided into 7 treatments, with three plots in each treatment. The rice planting method of each plot was the same, and the planting variety was Shanyou 46. When planting rice, the organic and inorganic compound fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were applied as base fertilizer (200 kg / mu), and the base fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (50 kg / mu) was used as the control group. Except for the different base fertilizers, all treatments were followed up with the same field management measures, and the yield data were shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1

[0071]

[0072] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the yield (dry weight) of Example 1 increased by 26% relative to the control group, the thousand-grain weight increased by 34%, and the number of grains per ear increased by 21%. It can be seen that the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention can effectively improve the quality and yield of rice. In addition, by comparing the data of Example 1 with that of Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that the licorice residue organic fertilizer used in the present invention has a significant prevention and control effect on rice blast. Comparative Example 4 uses a temperature higher than the fermentation treatment of the present invention, resulting in the inactivation of the effective ingredients in the licorice residue, so its effect is similar to the fertilizer prepared by using corn stalks in Comparative Example 3.

[0073] Statistics on the effectiveness of rice blast control:

[0074] During the filling and ripening stages, four corners and five centers were selected from each plot, and 150 rice plants were surveyed at each point. The incidence of rice blast (%) was calculated. The incidence of rice blast = number of infected plants / number of surveyed plants. The average value was calculated and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0075] Table 2

[0076]

[0077] It can be seen from Table 2 that the present invention adds licorice residue organic fertilizer and sodium silicate to the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, which has a significant control effect on rice blast. The complementarity of organic and inorganic nutrients provides comprehensive and balanced nutrition for rice, which helps to enhance the stress resistance of the plant and increase the yield.

[0078] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0079] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, characterized in that: By mass, the raw materials include: 25-50 parts of plant-derived organic fertilizer, 25-50 parts of animal-derived organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of inorganic fertilizer raw materials and 0.5-1 part of sodium silicate; The plant-derived organic fertilizer is liquorice residue organic fertilizer; The animal-derived organic fertilizer is at least one of decomposed cow dung, pig dung, sheep dung and chicken dung; The inorganic fertilizer raw materials consist of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

2. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the liquorice residue organic fertilizer are: The water content of the liquorice residue is adjusted to 60-70%, and then an enzyme preparation is added to perform enzymolysis treatment to obtain an enzymolysis product of the liquorice residue; The water content of the licorice residue enzymatic hydrolysis product is adjusted to 55-65%, and a fermentation agent is added to obtain a licorice residue organic fertilizer through fermentation.

3. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The enzyme preparation is added in an amount of 0.01-0.1% of the dry weight of liquorice residue, and is obtained by mixing cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase in equal weight ratios.

4. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The enzymatic treatment lasts for 2 to 3 days at a temperature of 40 to 50°C.

5. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fermentation agent is added in an amount of 0.01-0.02% of the dry weight of the liquorice residue and is obtained by mixing plant lactobacillus and yeast in equal weight ratios.

6. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fermentation treatment lasts for 7 to 14 days at a temperature of 40 to 50°C.

7. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the inorganic fertilizer raw material is 2:1:1.

5.

8. A method for preparing the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is obtained by uniformly mixing plant-derived organic fertilizer, animal-derived organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer raw materials and sodium silicate.

9. Use of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in preventing and controlling rice blast.

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