Garbage incinerator grate gap adjustment device and adjustment method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an incinerator device, in particular to a gap adjustment device and an adjustment method for the grate of a waste incinerator. The adjustment device is used to adjust the gap size between the static grate beam and the moving grate beam, and includes a lead screw. The axial direction of the lead screw is consistent with the arrangement direction of the static grate beam and the moving grate beam. One end of the lead screw is the first end and the other end is the second end. The first end is connected to a lead screw driving element, and the second end is close to the static grate beam located on the outermost side of the incinerator. The lead screw is used to push the static grate beam located on the outermost side of the incinerator to move towards the moving grate beam or release the static grate beam located on the outermost side of the incinerator. The gap adjustment device for the grate of the waste incinerator according to the present invention can adjust the gap of the grate beam in real time, so that the gap value of the grate beam is always kept within a reasonable range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an incinerator device, in particular to a grate gap adjustment device and an adjustment method for a garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] The movable grate beam furnace is equipped with movable grate beams and static grate beams alternately arranged in the width direction of the grate. The movable grate beams are driven by the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate forward and backward, so that the materials on the grate move from the garbage feeding end to the slag discharging end. In this process, the garbage is burned under the action of combustion air and high temperature in the furnace.

[0003] When there is a gap between the moving grate beam and the static grate beam, the reciprocating motion of the moving grate beam transports materials, and some materials enter the gap between the grates and form grate slag leakage. The grate slag leakage that is not completely incinerated will increase the thermal burn-off rate of the slag and reduce the combustion efficiency, and will also cause wear of the grate beam. When the gap between the grates is too small or even insufficient to absorb the thermal expansion, the friction between the grate beams will increase, aggravating the wear of the grate and even causing the moving grate beam to stagnate; when the gap between the grates is too large, the amount of slag leakage will increase, which will in turn increase the thermal burn-off rate of the slag. At the same time, too large a gap will easily allow hard materials such as metal to enter the incinerator, causing local wear, increased friction, and even causing the moving grate beam to stagnate. If the abnormal state of the moving grate beam stagnation is not handled in time, it will cause unplanned shutdown. Therefore, unreasonable grate gaps will reduce the availability and combustion efficiency of the equipment, increase the replacement rate of grate pieces, and increase the operation and maintenance costs of the incinerator. The industry is in urgent need of an adjustment device that can adjust the gap of the grate beam in time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for adjusting the gap between grate beams of a garbage incinerator, which can adjust the gap between grate beams in real time so that the gap value between grate beams is always kept within a reasonable range.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a device for adjusting the gap between a static grate beam and a movable grate beam of a waste incinerator, which is used to adjust the gap size between a static grate beam and a movable grate beam, and includes a screw rod, the axial direction of the screw rod is consistent with the arrangement direction of the static grate beam and the movable grate beam, one end of the screw rod is a first end, and the other end is a second end, the first end is connected to a screw rod driving element, and the second end is close to the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator, and the screw rod is used to push the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator to move in a direction close to the movable grate beam or to loosen the static grate beam located at the outermost side of the incinerator.

[0006] Further, it further includes a pressure sensor and a control unit. The pressure sensor and the lead screw driving element are both connected to the control unit. One side of the pressure sensor is connected to the second end of the lead screw, and the other side is connected to the static grate beam on the outermost side of the incinerator. The pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure between the lead screw and the static grate beam on the outermost side of the incinerator and transmit it to the control unit. When the pressure value transmitted by the pressure sensor to the control unit is greater than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw driving element to loosen the static grate beam on the outermost side of the incinerator. When the pressure value transmitted by the pressure sensor to the control unit is less than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw driving element to move the lead screw in the direction close to the static grate beam on the outermost side of the incinerator.

[0007] Further, it further includes a mounting seat. The mounting seat is connected to the grate side frame of the waste incinerator, and the lead screw is connected to the mounting seat.

[0008] Further, it further includes a first displacement sensor. The first displacement sensor is connected to the lead screw, and the first displacement sensor is used to measure the displacement of the lead screw and transmit it to the control unit.

[0009] Further, the lead screw driving element is a motor.

[0010] The method for adjusting the gap of the grate of the waste incinerator by using the above-mentioned gap adjusting device for the grate of the waste incinerator includes the following steps:

[0011] Measure the pressure value between the lead screw and the static grate beam through the pressure sensor.

[0012] Judge the magnitude of the pressure value. When the pressure value is greater than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, control the lead screw to loosen the static grate beam on the outermost side of the incinerator through the control unit. When the pressure value is less than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw to move in the direction close to the static grate beam on the outermost side of the incinerator.

[0013] Further, the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams is determined by the following method:

[0014] The moving grate beam is driven by a grate driving assembly. The grate driving assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a first pressure transmitter, a second pressure transmitter, and a second displacement sensor. The hydraulic cylinder includes a rod chamber and a rodless chamber. The rod chamber is connected to a rod chamber pipeline, and the rodless chamber is connected to a rodless chamber pipeline. The first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter are respectively arranged on the rodless chamber pipeline and the rod chamber pipeline.

[0015] When the pressure between the cold-state grate beams is zero, drive the moving grate beam by the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate multiple times within the designed stroke range. Measure the pressure of the rodless chamber and the pressure of the rod chamber respectively through the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter, and calculate the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder in real time, so as to obtain the thrust or pull force TL of the hydraulic cylinder when the friction force between the grate beams is zero at different positions of the grate movement. 0i Array, different positions of the grate movement are determined by the displacement data measured by the second displacement sensor.

[0016] TL 0i＝ P w0i ×A w -P y0i ×A y

[0017] Where:

[0018] P w0i 、P y0i Are the pressures of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively, P w0i Is measured by the first pressure transmitter, P y0i Is measured by the second pressure transmitter.

[0019] A w 、A y : Are the areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively.

[0020] Set the pressure P s Of the pressure sensor to 500N in the cold state, make the hydraulic cylinder reciprocate, the lead screw automatically advances, measure the pressure of the rodless chamber and the pressure of the rod chamber respectively in real time by the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter, and the pressure sensor measures the real-time pressure P p Between the grate beams, calculate the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull force TL of the hydraulic cylinder when the normal pressure between the grate beams is 500N at different positions of the grate movement. 500i Array:

[0021] TL 500i＝ P w500i ×A w -P y500i ×A y

[0022] Where:

[0023] P w500i 、P y500i Are the pressures of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively when the normal pressure is 500N.

[0024] A w 、A y: are the areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively

[0025] Set the pressure P of the pressure sensor respectively in the cold state s to 1000N, 2000N, 3000N, make the hydraulic cylinder reciprocate, the lead screw automatically advances, and the pressure of the rodless chamber and the pressure of the rod chamber are respectively measured in real time by the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter, and the real-time pressure P between the grate beams is measured by the pressure sensor p , calculate the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull force TL of the hydraulic cylinder when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 1000N, 2000N, 3000N respectively at different positions of the grate movement 1000i 、TL 2000i 、TL 3000i Array, calculate and fit to obtain the first-order function TL-P of the positive pressure at each position of the grate movement and the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force, and the formula is as follows:

[0026] TL 1000mi =TL 1000i -TL 0i

[0027] f i =TL 1000mi / P p

[0028] In the formula:

[0029] TL 1000mi : is the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force formed by the positive pressure of the set value P of 1000N between the grates at a certain position of the grate movement s when forming the friction force of the positive pressure of 1000N

[0030] TL 1000i 、TL 0i : are respectively the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force formed by the positive pressure of the set value P of 1000N and 0N between the grates at a certain position of the grate movement s when forming the friction force of the positive pressure of 1000N and 0N

[0031] P p : is the actual measured positive pressure between the grates, that is, the data measured by the pressure sensor 33

[0032] A w 、A y : are the areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively

[0033] f i : is the slope of the first-order function at a certain displacement

[0034] The control unit includes an AI system module. A performance index evaluation system is set in the AI system module. Weights of 40%, 30%, and 30% are respectively assigned to the volatility of the thrust or pull force TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction between the grate beams, the volatility of the displacement value of the first displacement sensor, and the volatility of the pressure value of the pressure sensor, and these weights are applied to the optimization control model. The optimization control model system automatically adjusts the set value of the pressure sensor, runs for a period of time at each set value, the action of the motor is controlled by PID during the running process, and the control unit receives the positive pressure data P transmitted by the pressure sensor in real time p , the displacement data j transmitted by the first displacement sensor, the pressure P of the rodless cavity measured in real time by the first pressure transmitter w , the pressure P of the rod cavity measured in real time by the second pressure transmitter y , the displacement data i of the hydraulic cylinder measured by the second displacement sensor, and the thrust or pull force TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction at each position of the grate is calculated in real time, and the performance of the pressure sensor at different pressure set values is obtained. During the running process of the pressure sensor at different set values, the displacement data measured by the first displacement sensor during the running period is compared to obtain the wear rate of the grate, and the performance and wear rate of the pressure sensor at different pressure set values are respectively assigned weights of 40% and 60% as the final performance and applied to the optimization control model system. The optimization control model system sets by itself the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams that enables the grate to maintain a stable running state and has a small wear rate of the grate, which is the preset value of the pressure sensor

[0035] The grate gap adjustment device of the waste incinerator of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects

[0036] A grate gap adjustment device for a waste incinerator of the present invention, since it includes a lead screw, and the lead screw is used to push the static grate beam located on the outermost side of the incinerator towards the moving grate beam or away from the static grate beam located on the outermost side of the incinerator, it can adjust the gap between the grate beams in real time according to the actual situation of the grate gap in the incinerator, keep the gap value between the grate beams within a reasonable range all the time, reduce the slag leakage rate of the grate and then reduce the thermal loss rate of the slag, improve the efficiency of the incinerator, slow down the wear speed of the grate, reduce the occurrence of grate jamming, improve the availability and production efficiency of the equipment, and reduce the maintenance cost

[0037] The following specifically describes the grate gap adjustment device and adjustment method of the waste incinerator of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grate gap adjustment device of the waste incinerator of the invention

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the grate drive assembly in the grate clearance adjustment device of a waste incinerator. Specific embodiments

[0040] In a row-driven grate furnace, static grate beams and moving grate beams are alternately arranged in the width direction of the grate. The moving grate beams move forward and backward under the reciprocating drive of hydraulic cylinders, causing the materials on the grate to move from the waste feeding end to the slag discharging end. During this process, the waste combustion process is completed under the action of combustion air and high temperature in the furnace.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, a grate clearance adjustment device for a waste incinerator according to the present invention is applicable to the adjustment of the grate clearance of a row-driven grate furnace and is used to adjust the clearance between the static grate beam 11 and the moving grate beam 12. It includes a lead screw 32. The axis direction of the lead screw 32 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the static grate beam 11 and the moving grate beam 12. One end of the lead screw 32 is the first end and the other end is the second end. The first end is connected to a lead screw drive element, and the second end is close to the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator. The lead screw 32 is used to push the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator to move towards the moving grate beam 12 or release the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator, so as to adjust the clearance between the static grate beam 11 and the moving grate beam 12. By driving the lead screw 32 to rotate forward through the lead screw drive element, the lead screw 32 pushes the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator to move towards the moving grate beam 12, and the lead screw 32 compresses the grate. At this time, the clearance of the grate beams becomes smaller. By driving the lead screw 32 to rotate reversely through the lead screw drive element, the lead screw 32 retracts to release the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator. A grate clearance adjustment device for a waste incinerator according to the present invention, because it includes a lead screw 32, and the lead screw 32 is used to push the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator to move towards the moving grate beam 12 or release the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator, can adjust the clearance of the grate beams in real time according to the actual situation of the grate clearance in the incinerator, so that the clearance value of the grate beams is always kept within a reasonable range, reduce the grate slag leakage rate, and then reduce the thermal loss rate of the slag, improve the efficiency of the incinerator, slow down the wear speed of the grate, reduce the occurrence of grate jamming phenomena, improve the availability and production efficiency of the equipment, and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0042] Optionally, a grate gap adjustment device for a waste incinerator according to the present invention further includes a pressure sensor 33 and a control unit. The pressure sensor 33 and the lead screw driving element are both connected to the control unit. The control unit presets a pressure preset value between the grate beams. One side of the pressure sensor 33 is connected to the second end of the lead screw 32, and the other side is connected to the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator. The pressure sensor 33 is used to measure the pressure between the lead screw 32 and the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator and transmit it to the control unit. When the pressure value transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 to the control unit is greater than the pressure preset value between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw driving element to loosen the lead screw 32 from the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator. When the pressure value transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 to the control unit is less than the pressure preset value between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw driving element to move the lead screw 32 in the direction close to the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator. Specifically, one end of the pressure sensor 33 is connected to the lead screw 32 by a thread, and the other end is connected to the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator by a thread. Through the pressure sensor 33 and the control unit, the grate gap can be automatically adjusted to keep the gap value between the grate beams within a reasonable range.

[0043] Optionally, it further includes a mounting seat 31. The mounting seat 31 is connected to the grate side frame 13 of the waste incinerator, and the lead screw 32 is connected to the mounting seat 31. Specifically, the mounting seat 31 is welded to the grate side frame 13 of the waste incinerator, and the lead screw 32 is connected to the mounting seat 31 by a flange.

[0044] Optionally, it further includes a first displacement sensor 34. The first displacement sensor 34 is connected to the lead screw 32. The first displacement sensor 34 is used to measure the displacement of the lead screw 32 and transmit it to the control unit. When the displacement data transmitted by the first displacement sensor 34 increases, the pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 increases correspondingly. When the displacement data transmitted by the first displacement sensor 34 decreases, the pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 decreases correspondingly. At the same time, the measurement result of the first displacement sensor 34 characterizes the wear condition of the grate beam, which can be used for formulating a shutdown maintenance plan and improving the accuracy of the equipment maintenance plan.

[0045] Optionally, the lead screw driving element is a motor. The motor is controlled by a motor power distribution cabinet. The motor can achieve forward and reverse rotations. The motor drives the lead screw 32 to advance or retract through forward and reverse rotations. When advancing, the lead screw 32 moves in the direction close to the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator. When retracting, the lead screw 32 moves in the direction away from the static grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator to loosen the static grate beam 11. The first displacement sensor 34 is connected to the control unit by hard wiring, and the pressure sensor 33 is connected to the control unit by hard wiring.

[0046] The method for adjusting the grate gap of a waste incinerator by using the above-mentioned grate gap adjusting device of the waste incinerator includes the following steps:

[0047] The pressure value between the lead screw 32 and the stationary grate beam 11 is measured by the pressure sensor 33.

[0048] Judge the magnitude of the pressure value. When the pressure value is greater than the preset pressure value between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw 32 to move away from the stationary grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator to loosen the stationary grate beam 11. When the pressure value is less than the preset pressure value between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw 32 to move towards the stationary grate beam 11 located on the outermost side of the incinerator.

[0049] Optionally, for a method of adjusting the grate gap of a waste incinerator according to the present invention, the preset pressure value between the grate beams is determined by the following method:

[0050] The moving grate beam 12 is driven by a grate drive assembly. As Figure 2 shown, the grate drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 40, a first pressure transmitter 41, a second pressure transmitter 42, and a second displacement sensor 43. The hydraulic cylinder 40 includes a rod chamber 401 and a rodless chamber 402. The rod chamber is connected to a rod chamber pipeline, and the rodless chamber is connected to a rodless chamber pipeline. The first pressure transmitter 41 and the second pressure transmitter 42 are respectively arranged on the rodless chamber pipeline and the rod chamber pipeline.

[0051] When the pressure between the grate beams in the cold state is zero, that is, when the pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 is zero, the hydraulic cylinder 40 is made to drive the moving grate beam 12 to reciprocate multiple times within the designed stroke range. The pressure of the rodless chamber and the pressure of the rod chamber are respectively measured by the first pressure transmitter 41 and the second pressure transmitter 42, and the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder 40 is calculated in real time to obtain the thrust or pull force TL of the hydraulic cylinder 40 when the friction force between the grate beams is zero at different positions of the grate movement. 0i An array, the different positions of the grate movement are determined by the displacement data measured by the second displacement sensor 43.

[0052] TL 0i＝ P w0i ×A w -P y0i ×A y

[0053] In the formula:

[0054] P w0i 、P y0i are respectively the pressures of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber. P w0i is measured by the first pressure transmitter 41, and P y0i is measured by the second pressure transmitter 42.

[0055] Aw 、A y : The areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively,

[0056] In the subscript, w and y respectively represent the rodless chamber and the rod chamber, 0 represents that the positive pressure is 0 and the friction force is also 0, and i represents the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder,

[0057] Set the pressure P of the pressure sensor 33 at cold state s to be 500 N, make the hydraulic cylinder 40 reciprocate, the lead screw 32 automatically advances, the first pressure transmitter 41 and the second pressure transmitter 42 respectively measure the pressure of the rodless chamber and the pressure of the rod chamber in real time, and the pressure sensor 33 measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams p , calculate the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder 40 in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull force TL of the hydraulic cylinder 40 at different positions of the grate movement and when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 500 N 500i Array:

[0058] TL 500i＝ P w500i × A w - P y500i × A y

[0059] In the formula:

[0060] P w500i 、P y500i are respectively the pressure of the rodless chamber and the pressure of the rod chamber when the positive pressure is 500 N,

[0061] A w 、A y : The areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively,

[0062] In the subscript, w and y respectively represent the rodless chamber and the rod chamber, 500 represents the set value P of the pressure sensor s is 500 N, and i represents the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder;

[0063] Set the pressure P of the pressure sensor 33 at cold state respectively s to be 1000 N, 2000 N, 3000 N, make the hydraulic cylinder 40 reciprocate, the lead screw 32 automatically advances, the first pressure transmitter 41 and the second pressure transmitter 42 respectively measure the pressure of the rodless chamber and the pressure of the rod chamber in real time, and the pressure sensor 33 measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams p , calculate the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder 40 in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull force TL of the hydraulic cylinder 40 at different positions of the grate movement and when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 1000 N, 2000 N, 3000 N respectively 1000i 、TL 2000i 、TL 3000iAn array is used to calculate and fit the first-order function TL-P of the normal pressure at each position of the grate movement and the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force. The formula is as follows:

[0064] TL 1000mi =TL 1000i -TL 0i

[0065] f i =TL 1000mi / P p

[0066] In the formula:

[0067] TL 1000mi : is the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force formed by the normal pressure set value P of 1000 N between the grates at a certain position of the grate movement, s and

[0068] TL 1000i 、TL 0i : are respectively the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force formed by the normal pressure set value P of 1000 N and 0 N between the grates at a certain position of the grate movement, s and

[0069] P p : is the actual measured normal pressure between the grates, that is, the data measured by the pressure sensor 33,

[0070] A w 、A y : are respectively the areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber,

[0071] f i : is the slope of the first-order function at a certain displacement,

[0072] The subscripts 0, 1000, m, and i in the subscript respectively represent 0 N, the set value P s of 1000 N of the normal pressure, m represents the friction force, and i represents the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder,

[0073] The control unit includes an AI system module. A performance index evaluation system is set in the AI system module. Weights of 40%, 30%, and 30% are respectively assigned to the volatility of the thrust or pull TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction force between the grate beams, the volatility of the displacement value of the first displacement sensor 34, and the volatility of the pressure value of the pressure sensor 33, and these weights are applied to the optimization control model. The optimization control model system automatically adjusts the set value of the pressure sensor 33 and runs for a period of time at each set value. During the running process, the action of the motor is controlled by PID, and the control unit receives the normal pressure data P transmitted by the pressure sensor 33 in real time pThe displacement data j transmitted by the first displacement sensor 34 and the pressure P of the rodless cavity measured in real time by the first pressure transmitter 41 w The pressure P of the rod cavity measured in real time by the second pressure transmitter 42 y The displacement data i of the hydraulic cylinder measured by the second displacement sensor 43, and the thrust or pull TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction at each position of the grate is calculated in real time, and the performance of the pressure sensor 33 at different pressure set values is obtained. The displacement data measured by the first displacement sensor 34 during the operation period is compared at different set values of the pressure sensor 33 to obtain the wear amount and wear rate of the grate. The wear amount is the end displacement minus the initial displacement, and the wear rate is the wear amount divided by the time. The performance of the pressure sensor 33 at different pressure set values and the wear rate are respectively assigned weights of 40% and 60% as the final performance and applied to the optimization control model. The optimization control model system automatically sets the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams that enables the grate to maintain a stable operation state and has a small grate wear rate, that is, the preset value of the pressure sensor 33. Determining the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams that enables the grate to maintain a stable operation state and has a small grate wear rate through the AI system module can adjust the gap between the grate beams more precisely and make the gap value between the grate beams more reasonable.

[0074] The embodiments described above are only used to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gap adjustment device for a waste incinerator grate, which is used to adjust the gap size between a static grate beam (11) and a moving grate beam (12), and is characterized in that: It includes a lead screw (32), the axis direction of the lead screw (32) is consistent with the arrangement direction of the stationary grate beam (11) and the moving grate beam (12). One end of the lead screw (32) is the first end and the other end is the second end. The first end is connected to a lead screw driving element, and the second end is close to the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator. The lead screw (32) is used to push the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator to move towards the moving grate beam (12) or release the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator, so that the gap between the stationary grate beam (11) and the moving grate beam (12) is reduced or increased in real time according to the actual situation of the grate gap in the incinerator.

2. The grate clearance adjusting device of the waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a pressure sensor (33) and a control unit. The pressure sensor (33) and the lead screw driving element are both connected to the control unit. One side of the pressure sensor (33) is connected to the second end of the lead screw (32), and the other side is connected to the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator. The pressure sensor (33) is used to measure the pressure between the lead screw (32) and the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator and transmit it to the control unit. When the pressure value transmitted by the pressure sensor (33) to the control unit is greater than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw driving element to release the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator. When the pressure value transmitted by the pressure sensor (33) to the control unit is less than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw driving element to make the lead screw (32) move towards the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator.

3. The grate clearance adjusting device of the waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a mounting seat (31), and the mounting seat (31) is connected to the grate side frame (13) of the waste incinerator. The lead screw (32) is connected to the mounting seat (31).

4. The refuse incinerator grate clearance adjusting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a first displacement sensor (34), and the first displacement sensor (34) is connected to the lead screw (32). The first displacement sensor (34) is used to measure the displacement of the lead screw (32) and transmit it to the control unit.

5. The refuse incinerator grate clearance adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The lead screw driving element is a motor.

6. A method for adjusting the grate gap of a waste incinerator by using the waste incinerator grate gap adjusting device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Measure the pressure value between the lead screw (32) and the stationary grate beam (11) through the pressure sensor (33). Judge the magnitude of the pressure value. When the pressure value is greater than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, control the lead screw (32) to release the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator through the control unit. When the pressure value is less than the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams, the control unit controls the lead screw (32) to move towards the stationary grate beam (11) located on the outermost side of the incinerator.

7. The method for adjusting the grate clearance of a waste incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preset value of the pressure between the grate beams is determined by the following method: The moving grate beam (12) is driven by a grate drive assembly, and the grate drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder (40), a first pressure transmitter (41), a second pressure transmitter (42), and a second displacement sensor (43). The hydraulic cylinder (40) includes a rod chamber (401) and a rodless chamber (402). The rod chamber is connected to a rod chamber pipeline, and the rodless chamber is connected to a rodless chamber pipeline. The first pressure transmitter (41) and the second pressure transmitter (42) are respectively arranged on the rodless chamber pipeline and the rod chamber pipeline. When the pressure between the cold-state grate beams is zero, the hydraulic cylinder (40) drives the moving grate beam (12) to reciprocate multiple times within the designed stroke range. The pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity are respectively measured by the first pressure transmitter (41) and the second pressure transmitter (42), and the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder (40) is calculated in real time to obtain the thrust or pull force TL of the hydraulic cylinder (40) when the friction force between the grate beams is zero at different positions of the grate movement. 0i An array, and different positions of the grate movement are determined by displacement data measured by the second displacement sensor (43). ， Where: are the pressures of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively, measured by the first pressure transmitter (41), measured by the second pressure transmitter (42), : are the areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively, Set the pressure of the pressure sensor (33) in the cold state to 500 N, make the hydraulic cylinder (40) reciprocate, the lead screw (32) automatically advances, and the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity are respectively measured in real time by the first pressure transmitter (41) and the second pressure transmitter (42), and the pressure sensor (33) measures the real-time pressure between the grate beams , calculate the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder (40) in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder (40) when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 500 N at different positions of the grate movement Array: ， Where: They are the pressures of the rodless cavity and the rod cavity respectively when the normal pressure is 500 N. : are the areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively, Set the pressure P of the pressure sensor (33) to 1000N, 2000N, and 3000N respectively in the cold state, and make the hydraulic cylinder (40) reciprocate. The lead screw (32) automatically advances. The first pressure transmitter (41) and the second pressure transmitter (42) respectively measure the pressure of the rodless cavity and the pressure of the rod cavity in real time. The pressure sensor (33) measures the real-time pressure P between the grate beams s , calculate the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder (40) in real time, and obtain the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder (40) when the positive pressure between the grate beams is 1000N, 2000N, and 3000N respectively at different positions of the grate movement p . Calculate and fit the array of the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder (40) required to overcome the frictional force and the positive pressure at each position of the grate movement to obtain the first-order function TL - P, and the formula is as follows: Array, calculate and fit to obtain the first-order function TL - P of the positive pressure at each position of the grate movement and the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the frictional force, and the formula is as follows: ， ， Where: : To overcome the frictional force formed by the positive pressure of 1000 N for the set value P of the pressure between the grate bars at a certain position of the grate movement, the thrust or pull force of the hydraulic cylinder required, s when the positive pressure is 1000 N, : They are the thrust or pull of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the frictional force formed by the positive pressures of 1000 N and 0 N respectively at a certain position of the grate movement against the pressure set value P between the grates. s ​ P p : The positive pressure between the grate bars actually measured, i.e., the data measured by the pressure sensor 33 A w , A y : The areas of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber respectively, : The slope of the first-order function at a certain displacement, The control unit includes an AI system module. A performance index evaluation system is set in the AI system module. Weights of 40%, 30%, and 30% are respectively assigned to the volatility of the thrust or pull force TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction between the grate beams, the volatility of the displacement value of the first displacement sensor (34), and the volatility of the pressure value of the pressure sensor (33). These weights are applied to the optimization control model. The optimization control model system automatically adjusts the set value of the pressure sensor (33). It runs for a period of time at each set value. During the running process, the action of the motor is controlled by PID. The control unit receives in real time the positive pressure data P transmitted by the pressure sensor (33). p , the displacement data j transmitted by the first displacement sensor (34), the pressure P of the rodless cavity measured in real time by the first pressure transmitter (41). w , the pressure P of the rod chamber measured in real time by the second pressure transmitter (42). y , the displacement data i of the hydraulic cylinder measured by the second displacement sensor (43), and the thrust or pull force TLm of the hydraulic cylinder required to overcome the friction at each position of the grate is calculated in real time to obtain the performance of the pressure sensor (33) at different pressure set values. During the running process of the pressure sensor (33) at different set values, the displacement data measured by the first displacement sensor (34) during the running period is compared to obtain the wear rate of the grate. The performance and wear rate of the pressure sensor (33) at different pressure set values are respectively assigned weights of 40% and 60% as the final performance and applied to the optimization control model system. The optimization control model system automatically sets the preset value of the pressure between the grate beams that enables the grate to maintain a stable running state and has a small wear rate of the grate, which is the preset value of the pressure sensor (33).

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