A multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform, which belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering. The experimental platform includes a wind power system and a hydropower system. The wind power system is a two-layer structure, the upper layer is an unsteady wind tunnel, and the lower layer is a steady wind tunnel; the hydropower system is located below the steady wind tunnel; the steady wind tunnel is a sealed annular structure, and a fan, a first experimental section and a second experimental section are arranged inside it; the unsteady wind tunnel is arranged above the second experimental section, and an interactive window A that is interconnected between the unsteady wind tunnel and the steady wind tunnel is provided; the hydropower system is located below the second experimental section, and an interactive window B that is interconnected with the steady wind tunnel is provided between the hydropower system and the steady wind tunnel; the unsteady wind tunnel, the steady wind tunnel and the hydropower system are interconnected through two interactive windows. The experimental platform of the present invention can simulate different wind, wave and current coupling environments, and is used for stability, reliability and durability tests of various marine engineering structures and equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and science and technology, more and more cross-sea bridges have been built, becoming important transportation hubs connecting islands and the mainland, shortening transportation distances, and promoting the rapid economic development of coastal areas. However, the marine environment in which cross-sea bridges are located is relatively complex, and they are often affected by the coupling of environmental factors such as wind, waves and ocean currents, which has a significant impact on the design, construction and operation of bridges. Therefore, these factors must be fully considered during the design, construction and operation to ensure the long-term stability and durability of the structure. At present, the study of wind-wave-current coupling can adopt field observation, numerical simulation and laboratory simulation methods. Field observation can directly obtain wind-wave-current coupling data in the real environment, but it is difficult, has a long cycle, and is limited by weather and equipment conditions. Numerical simulation can provide estimated data in more scenarios, but the complexity and accuracy of the model are often limited by theoretical assumptions and computing power. In contrast, laboratory simulation can study the interaction between wind, waves and currents in a controllable environment, and provide necessary verification means for field observation and numerical simulation. However, the existing experimental devices often have single functions and cannot accurately simulate the multiple physical field coupling states of wind field, wave field and flow field at the same time. Some devices can only simulate simple wind or waves, and it is difficult to achieve dynamic changes in complex ocean environments. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a multifunctional, integrated wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform to solve the experimental bottleneck problem in the study of wind-wave-current coupling. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problem that the existing experimental devices have a single function and cannot accurately simulate the coupling states of multiple physical fields such as wind field, wave field and flow field at the same time, the present invention provides a multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform. The experimental platform can accurately simulate different wind, wave and current coupling environments, and support stability, reliability and durability tests of various marine engineering structures and equipment.

[0004] The multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform provided by the present invention has a structure including a wind power system and a water power system. The wind power system is a two-layer structure, the upper layer is an unsteady wind tunnel, and the lower layer is a steady wind tunnel. The water power system is located below the steady wind tunnel. The steady wind tunnel is a sealed annular structure, in which a fan, a first experimental section and a second experimental section are arranged; the first experimental section is a high wind speed experimental section, and the second experimental section is a wind-wave-current combined experimental section, and the airflow circulates in the wind tunnel to realize airflow circulation.

[0005] The unsteady wind tunnel is arranged above the second experimental section, and an interactive window A is provided between the unsteady wind tunnel and the steady wind tunnel. The unsteady wind tunnel is a single-experimental section DC wind tunnel, and a plurality of fans are arranged in the wind tunnel to form an array of fans, and pulsating wind is generated by adjusting the wind speed and wind direction of each fan. A detachable baffle is provided near the interactive window A in the unsteady wind tunnel to play a guiding role, so that the generated airflow passes downward through the interactive window A into the steady wind tunnel.

[0006] The hydrodynamic system is located below the second experimental section, and an interactive window B is provided between the hydrodynamic system and the steady wind tunnel. The interactive window B is located directly below the interactive window A, so that the unsteady wind tunnel, the steady wind tunnel and the hydrodynamic system are interconnected. A removable grille-type guide plate is provided on one side of the steady wind tunnel near the interactive window A and the interactive window B, so that the generated airflow enters the unsteady wind tunnel upward. A removable sealing plate is provided on the interactive window B, and the interactive window B is opened and closed by the sealing plate.

[0007] The hydrodynamic system includes a water tank, a flow-making system, a wave-making system, a wave-breaking system, a drainage system and a lifting turntable. The lifting turntable is located in the middle of the water tank. The lifting turntable is located directly below the interactive window B. The top of the lifting turntable is used as a test bench for placing the structure model. The height or angle of the test bench is adjusted by lifting to simulate different water depths and adjust the position height of the structure model in the steady wind tunnel to form a Feng Shui joint experimental area.

[0008] A front outflow port and a rear outflow port are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the water tank, and trash racks are arranged on the front outflow port and the rear outflow port.

[0009] The wave-making system is located at the front outlet of the water tank, and the wave-breaking system is located at the rear outlet of the water tank. The wave-making system realizes the wave-making function through a reciprocating wave-making plate.

[0010] The flow-generating system is located at the lower layer of the water tank. The flow-generating system diverts water to the diversion channel and the flow equalizing box through the pipeline, enters the water tank experimental area through the front outlet, and then enters the diversion channel and the flow equalizing box through the rear outlet, and finally returns to the pipeline to form a water flow loop.

[0011] The water power system can be used to complete various independent experiments and can also be combined with the wind power system to complete various wind-wave-current coupling experiments.

[0012] The hydrodynamic system and the steady wind tunnel can be combined to complete the following functions:

[0013] (1) The combination of uniform wind and passive wave generation is used to study the wind-wave coupling relationship.

[0014] (2) The combination of uniform wind and active wave generation is used to study the influence of waves on wind field characteristics.

[0015] (3) Uniform wind and flow combination are used to study the combined effects of water flow and wind.

[0016] (4) Passive wind field simulation + active wave coupling + jet pump combination to achieve wind-wave-current coupling.

[0017] The combination of the hydrodynamic system, the unsteady wind tunnel and the steady wind tunnel can accomplish the following functions:

[0018] (1) The hydrodynamic system, unsteady wind tunnel and steady wind tunnel are interconnected. The unsteady wind tunnel is equipped with baffles to allow the airflow to flow downward into the wind-water joint area, simulating the descending section of the downburst in the marine environment.

[0019] (2) The hydrodynamic system, unsteady wind tunnel and steady wind tunnel are interconnected. The steady wind tunnel is equipped with a grid-type guide plate to make the airflow move upward, simulating the rising section at the tail of a downburst.

[0020] (3) The hydrodynamic system, unsteady wind tunnel and steady wind tunnel are interconnected. The unsteady wind tunnel is equipped with baffles to allow the airflow to enter the wind-water joint area downward, simulating the tornado lift in reverse. The wind speed in the steady wind tunnel simulates the rotating wind speed, which is used to simulate tornadoes in the marine environment.

[0021] (4) Pile-water interaction + mechanical simulation of wave and current load + active wind field. In the study of ultra-deep foundation structures, the interaction between piles and water is considered, and different direction differences can be combined between the hydrodynamic system, unsteady wind tunnel and steady wind tunnel.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is beneficial in that:

[0023] (1) The experimental platform of the present invention can generate winds of different speeds and types, waves of various waveforms, and currents of different flow rates and directions to realize experiments on the coupling of wind, wave, and current. It can simulate special environmental loads such as downbursts and tornadoes in the marine environment. The simulation capability is closer to the complex dynamic characteristics in the actual marine environment, providing reliable data support for studying the structural response under special environmental loads.

[0024] (2) The multifunctional experimental platform of the present invention supports a variety of combined experiments of wind, waves and currents, and can flexibly adjust different environmental parameters to provide more realistic simulation conditions. Compared with the traditional single wind or wave experimental platform, the experimental platform of the present invention can realize multi-factor coupling experiments in complex environments. Compared with the existing wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform, the experimental platform of the present invention can realize coupling experiments of multiple different environmental parameters, such as combined simulation of wind, waves, currents and extreme weather conditions, thereby supporting a comprehensive study of structural response and performance in complex marine environments.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is the elevation layout of the multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 The present invention shows the plane layout of the multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform.

[0028] Figure 3 The diagram is a structural diagram of an open and closed sealing plate, where (a) is the sealing plate closed state, and (b) is the sealing plate open state.

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the simulated descending section of a downburst.

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the simulated upwelling phase of a downburst.

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of reverse simulation of a tornado.

[0032] Numbers in the figure: 1-wind power system, 2-water power system, 3-unsteady wind tunnel, 4-steady wind tunnel, 5-first experimental section, 6-second experimental section, 7-water tank, 8-flow making system, 9-wave making system, 10-wave breaking system, 11-drainage system, 12-lifting turntable, 13-front outlet, 14-rear outlet, 15-array fan, 16-fan, 17-interactive window A, 18-baffle, 19-interactive window B, 20-grid guide plate, 21-drainage channel, 22-flow equalizing box, 23-sealing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, the multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform of the present invention comprises a wind power system 1 and a water power system 2. The wind power system 1 is a two-layer structure, the upper layer is an unsteady wind tunnel 3, and the unsteady wind tunnel 3 comprises an array fan 15 composed of a plurality of small fans. The pipe wall can be moved to meet the wind field with different characteristics at different distances. The rotation speed (wind speed) and wind direction of each small fan in the array can be controlled and adjusted to generate pulsating airflow, and realize accurate simulation of complex wind field changes. In a specific embodiment, the fan can directly adopt a fan.

[0035] The lower layer of the wind power system 1 is a steady wind tunnel 4, which is used to generate airflow in a stable wind field. The steady wind tunnel 4 is a double-sided series double-experimental section single-recirculation wind tunnel. The steady wind tunnel 4 is a sealed annular structure, and a fan 16, a first experimental section 5 and a second experimental section 6 are arranged in the steady wind tunnel. The first experimental section 5 is a high wind speed experimental section, which can achieve a maximum wind speed of 51m / s. The second experimental section 6 is a wind-wave-current combined experimental section, which can achieve a maximum wind speed of 18m / s. The unsteady wind tunnel 3 is arranged above the second experimental section 6.

[0036] An interactive window A17 is provided between the unsteady wind tunnel 3 and the steady wind tunnel 4. A detachable baffle 18 is provided near the interactive window A17 in the unsteady wind tunnel 3 to guide the generated airflow downward through the interactive window A17 and enter the steady wind tunnel.

[0037] The hydrodynamic system 2 is located below the second experimental section, and an interactive window B19 is provided between the hydrodynamic system 2 and the steady wind tunnel 4. The interactive window B19 is located directly below the interactive window A17, so that the unsteady wind tunnel 3, the steady wind tunnel 4 and the hydrodynamic system 2 are interconnected. A detachable grid-type guide plate 20 is provided on one side of the steady wind tunnel 4 near the interactive window A17 and the interactive window B19, so that the generated airflow enters the unsteady wind tunnel 3 upward.

[0038] Specifically, the hydrodynamic system 2 is a wave flow flume experimental device, including a flume 7, a flow-making system 8, a wave-making system 9, a wave-breaking system 10, a drainage system 11, a lifting turntable 12, etc. A front outlet 13 and a rear outlet 14 are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the flume 7, and trash racks are arranged on the front outlet 13 and the rear outlet 14.

[0039] The wave-making system 9 is located at the front outlet of the water tank 7. The wave-breaking system 10 is located at the rear outlet of the water tank 7. The wave-making system 9 realizes the wave-making function through a reciprocating wave-making plate, and can generate different types of waves such as regular waves, irregular waves, and pulsating waves. The wave-breaking system 10 adopts a sloped wave breaker.

[0040] The flow-generating system 8 realizes constant flow function, non-constant flow function and tidal flow function through a flow-generating pump. The flow-generating system 8 is located at the lower layer of the water tank 7 and is used to simulate the flow conditions in the actual environment. The flow-generating system 8 diverts water to the diversion channel 21 and the flow equalizing box 22 through a pipeline, enters the water tank experimental area through the front outlet 13, and then enters the diversion channel and the flow equalizing box through the rear outlet 14, and finally returns to the pipeline to form a water flow loop.

[0041] The lifting turntable 12 is located in the middle of the water tank and is directly below the interactive window B19. The top of the lifting turntable is used as a test bench for placing the structure model. The height or angle of the test bench is adjusted by lifting to simulate different water depths and adjust the position height of the structure model in the steady wind tunnel to form a Feng Shui joint experimental area.

[0042] The drainage system 11 is a conventional device with a drainage function, and is used to drain the water in the water tank 7 after the experiment is completed.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, a detachable sealing plate 23 is provided on the interactive window B19, and the interactive window B19 is opened and closed by the sealing plate 23. In the figure, (a) is the sealing plate closed state, and (b) is the sealing plate open state. When used only as a steady wind tunnel, the sealing plate is in a closed state and the steady wind tunnel is kept consistent with the use state of other steady wind tunnels. When performing the wind and water combined action, the sealing plate is in an open state, so that the wind tunnel airflow can directly act on the water surface of the water tank, and does not have any negative impact on the function of the water tank.

[0044] The hydrodynamic system 2 can be used to perform various independent experiments or can be combined with the wind dynamic system 1 to simulate various complex working conditions under wind-wave-current coupling environments and perform various wind-wave-current coupling experiments. The following are some examples of wind-wave-current coupling experiments.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the three-dimensional coupling of the fluid environment is achieved by interconnecting the unsteady wind tunnel 3, the steady wind tunnel 4 and the hydrodynamic system 2. The unsteady wind tunnel 3 allows the generated airflow to enter the steady wind tunnel 4 downward through the baffle 18, and further guides the generated airflow downward into the wind and water joint experimental area in the lower layer to simulate the formation of the downburst descending section. In this mode, the fan 16 of the steady wind tunnel 4 is in a closed state or a low-speed operation state, and the structure model is placed in the airflow descending section, thereby simulating the impact effect of the downburst on the structure in the marine environment.

[0046] like Figure 5As shown, the unsteady wind tunnel 3, the steady wind tunnel 4 and the hydrodynamic system 2 are interconnected. The steady wind tunnel 4 is provided with a grid-type guide plate 20 to allow the generated airflow to enter the unsteady wind tunnel 3 upward. The array fan 15 of the unsteady wind tunnel 3 is not turned on or has a low wind speed, and the structure model is placed in the optimal position in the rising section of the airflow, thereby simulating the impact of the rising section of the tail of the downburst in the marine environment on the structure.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the unsteady wind tunnel 3, the steady wind tunnel 4 and the hydrodynamic system 2 are interconnected. The unsteady wind tunnel 3 sets a baffle 18 to allow the generated airflow to enter downward into the wind and water combined experimental area in the lower layer, simulating the tornado lift in reverse. The steady wind tunnel 4 generates wind speed to simulate the rotating wind speed, thereby simulating the effect of a tornado in an ocean environment on the structure.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform, characterized in that: It includes a wind power system and a water power system, wherein the wind power system is a two-layer structure, the upper layer is an unsteady wind tunnel, and the lower layer is a steady wind tunnel; the water power system is located below the steady wind tunnel; the steady wind tunnel is a sealed annular structure, and a fan, a first experimental section and a second experimental section are arranged in the steady wind tunnel; the first experimental section is a high wind speed experimental section, and the second experimental section is a wind-wave-current combined experimental section, and the airflow circulates in the wind tunnel; the unsteady wind tunnel is arranged above the second experimental section, and an interactive window A that is interconnected is provided between the unsteady wind tunnel and the steady wind tunnel; a detachable baffle is arranged near the interactive window A in the unsteady wind tunnel to play a guiding role, so that the generated airflow passes downward through the interactive window A into the steady wind tunnel; The hydrodynamic system is located below the second experimental section, and an interactive window B is provided between the hydrodynamic system and the steady wind tunnel. The interactive window B is located directly below the interactive window A, so that the unsteady wind tunnel, the steady wind tunnel and the hydrodynamic system are interconnected. A detachable grille-type guide plate is provided on one side of the steady wind tunnel near the interactive window A and the interactive window B, so that the generated airflow enters the unsteady wind tunnel upward. A detachable sealing plate is provided on the interactive window B, and the interactive window B is opened and closed by the sealing plate. The hydrodynamic system includes a water tank, a flow-making system, a wave-making system, a wave-breaking system, a drainage system and a lifting turntable. The lifting turntable is located in the middle of the water tank. The lifting turntable is located directly below the interactive window B. The top of the lifting turntable is used as a test bench for placing the structure model. The height or angle of the test bench is adjusted by lifting to simulate different water depths and adjust the position height of the structure model in the steady wind tunnel to form a Feng Shui joint experimental area.

2. The multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unsteady wind tunnel is a single-experimental-section DC wind tunnel. A plurality of fans are arranged in the wind tunnel to form an array of fans. Pulsating wind is generated by adjusting the wind speed and wind direction of each fan.

3. The multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A front outflow port and a rear outflow port are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the water tank, and trash racks are arranged on the front outflow port and the rear outflow port.

4. The multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wave-making system is located at the front outlet end of the water tank, and the wave-breaking system is located at the rear outlet end of the water tank.

5. The multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow-making system is located at the lower layer of the water tank.

6. The multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When simulating the descending section of the downburst experiment, the unsteady wind tunnel allows the generated airflow to enter the steady wind tunnel through the baffle, and guides the generated airflow downward into the wind-water combined experimental area in the lower layer to simulate the formation of the descending section of the downburst; at this time, the fan of the steady wind tunnel is in the closed state or low-speed operation state, and the structure model is placed in the descending section of the airflow, thereby simulating the impact effect of the downburst on the structure in the marine environment.

7. The multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When simulating the experiment of the rising section at the tail of a downburst, the steady wind tunnel allows the generated airflow to enter the unsteady wind tunnel upward through the grid-type guide plate. The fan of the unsteady wind tunnel is turned off or the wind speed is low. The structure model is placed on the test bench in the rising section of the airflow, thereby simulating the impact of the rising section at the tail of a downburst on the structure in the marine environment.

8. The multifunctional wind-wave-current coupling experimental platform according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When simulating a tornado, the unsteady wind tunnel uses a baffle to direct the airflow generated downward into the lower wind and water combined experimental area, simulating the tornado lift in reverse. The steady wind tunnel generates wind speed to simulate the rotating wind speed, thereby simulating the effect of a tornado in an ocean environment on the structure.

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