A reciprocating friction and wear testing machine for soft materials

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine for soft materials in the field of friction and wear measurement technology, which includes a workbench; a clamping component, a loading component and a moving component are arranged on the workbench; the clamping component is used to fix the sample; the clamping component includes a base; a sliding groove is arranged on the base; a moving block is slidably matched in the sliding groove; a number of negative pressure grooves are arranged in an array on both the moving block and the base; the negative pressure grooves are all communicated with a negative pressure component; the negative pressure component is used to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure grooves by using the kinetic energy when the base moves; the loading component is used to apply a load on the sample; the moving component is used to reciprocate the base. This solution can reduce the occurrence of stress concentration phenomena, more truly reflect the friction and wear behavior of materials under normal use conditions, and improve the accuracy of experimental results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of friction and wear measurement, and specifically relates to a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine for soft materials. Background Art

[0002] In the field of materials science, a friction and wear testing machine is one of the key devices for evaluating the wear resistance of materials, and is of great significance for promoting materials research and development, optimizing product design, and improving product durability. With the progress of technology and the increasing demand of industrialization, especially the growing application of soft materials (such as rubber, plastic, biomedical materials, etc.), the research on their friction and wear properties has become particularly urgent.

[0003] Due to the soft texture and large elasticity of soft materials, traditional clamping methods often fail to ensure the stable fixation of specimens during experiments. Such materials are prone to deformation or even slipping when subjected to clamping force, which not only affects the accuracy of the experiment but also may lead to the failure of the experiment due to the instability of the specimen. The problem of unstable clamping limits the reliability of experimental data, making it difficult for researchers to accurately evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of soft materials.

[0004] During the clamping process, in order to maintain the stable position of the specimen, a certain pressure often needs to be applied. However, for soft materials, this additional stress may cause stress concentration in the clamping area, accelerating the wear process in this area, and thus unable to truly reflect the friction and wear behavior of the material under normal use conditions. In addition, stress concentration may also cause changes in the internal structure of the material, affecting the validity of the experimental results, making it difficult for researchers to accurately judge the true performance of the material.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can effectively solve the problem of clamping stability of soft materials while avoiding the negative impact of clamping stress on material properties. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine for soft materials, which can overcome the deficiencies in the testing of soft materials and improve the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine, comprising a workbench; a clamping assembly, a loading assembly and a moving assembly are arranged on the workbench; the clamping assembly is used for fixing a sample; the clamping assembly includes a base, a chute is arranged on the base, a moving block is slidably matched in the chute, a plurality of negative pressure grooves are arranged in an array on both the moving block and the base, and each negative pressure groove is communicated with a negative pressure assembly; the negative pressure assembly is used for using the kinetic energy when the base moves to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure grooves; the loading assembly is used for applying a load on the sample; the moving assembly is used for reciprocatingly moving the base.

[0009] The following beneficial effects are achieved by adopting the above scheme:

[0010] 1. In this scheme, by designing a clamping assembly including a chute, a moving block and negative pressure grooves, stable clamping of the soft material specimen is realized. The cooperation between the negative pressure grooves and the negative pressure assembly can use the kinetic energy when the base moves to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure grooves, thereby effectively adsorbing and fixing the specimen, and avoiding inaccurate or failed experiments caused by specimen deformation or slipping. This design significantly improves the clamping stability and ensures the reliability of experimental data.

[0011] 2. Compared with the prior art, traditional clamping methods often need to apply a large pressure to the specimen to keep it stable, but this may cause stress concentration for soft materials and accelerate the wear process. In this scheme, the sample is fixed by negative pressure adsorption, avoiding the application of additional stress, thereby reducing the occurrence of stress concentration. This helps to more truly reflect the friction and wear behavior of the material under normal use conditions and improves the accuracy of experimental results.

[0012] Due to the effective solution of the clamping stability and stress concentration problems, this scheme can more accurately evaluate the friction and wear performance of soft materials. During the experiment, the position of the sample (soft material) is stable, and the wear condition is truly reflected. Researchers can conduct in-depth research and analysis on the material based on reliable experimental data, providing strong support for material research and development, product design and durability improvement.

[0013] Furthermore, the negative pressure assembly includes a plurality of first pistons; each first piston is respectively slidably matched with the negative pressure groove; the negative pressure grooves on the moving block and the base are both communicated with a main channel; a functional cavity is further arranged in the base; the main channels are all communicated with the functional cavity; a first one-way valve is arranged at the connection between the main channel and the functional cavity; an exhaust channel is communicated with one side of the functional cavity; a second one-way valve is arranged in the exhaust channel; a driven groove is communicated with the bottom of the functional cavity; a second piston is slidably matched in the functional cavity; a connecting rod is arranged at the bottom of the second piston; an eccentric cam is rotatably matched in the driven groove; a limiting groove is arranged on the contour of the eccentric cam; a ball head is slidably matched in the limiting groove; the ball head is fixedly connected with the bottom of the connecting rod; a driven gear is axially arranged on the eccentric runner; the driven gear is engaged with a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is used for converting the linear reciprocating movement of the base into the rotation of the driven gear.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The driven gear is driven to rotate by the transmission assembly. The rotation of the driven gear drives the eccentric cam to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric cam drives the ball head to move up and down reciprocally, and then drives the connecting rod to move up and down reciprocally. The connecting rod pushes the second piston to move reciprocally. When the second piston moves downward, negative pressure is generated in the functional cavity, and the air in the main channel is sucked into the functional cavity through the first one-way valve. When the second piston moves upward, positive pressure is generated in the functional cavity, and the air in the functional cavity is pushed into the exhaust channel through the second one-way valve. By repeating this process, the air in the main channel and the negative pressure groove is continuously evacuated, so that the first piston continuously moves toward the end away from the sample, thereby creating a vacuum between the first piston and the side of the sample to adsorb and fix the sample.

[0015] The linear reciprocating movement of the base is converted into the rotation of the driven gear through the transmission assembly, and then drives the eccentric cam to rotate. The contour design of the eccentric cam and the ball head and connecting rod structures that cooperate with it ensure the reciprocating movement of the second piston in the functional cavity. This mechanism not only efficiently converts the kinetic energy of the base into the power for generating negative pressure, but also realizes the continuous evacuation of the air in the negative pressure groove and the stable maintenance of the negative pressure through precise cooperation and the control of the one-way valve. This design enables the sample to be firmly adsorbed on the clamping assembly and maintain a stable clamping state even during the experiment with high-speed reciprocating motion.

[0016] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a cylinder; a driving groove is further provided in the base; the driving groove is respectively communicated with the driven groove and the slide rail; both ends of the cylinder are rotatably connected to the driving groove, spiral grooves are symmetrically arranged on the cylinder, the spiral grooves are interconnected, a driving gear is axially arranged on the cylinder, and the driving gear meshes with the driven gear; a slide rail is further provided on the workbench, and a sliding column is further provided in the slide rail, and the top of the sliding column is slidably matched with the spiral groove.

[0017] Beneficial effects: When the base reciprocates along the slide rail, the sliding column will slide relative to the spiral groove, and then drive the cylinder to rotate. The rotation of the cylinder drives the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate, thereby converting the linear reciprocating movement of the base into the rotation of the driven gear.

[0018] When the base performs linear reciprocating movement along the slide rail, the sliding column slides relative to the spiral groove on the cylinder. This design ingeniously utilizes the moving kinetic energy of the base. Through the interaction between the sliding column and the spiral groove, the cylinder is driven to rotate. The rotation of the cylinder is then transmitted to the driven gear through the driving gear, realizing the efficient conversion of linear motion to rotational motion. This energy conversion mechanism not only improves the operating efficiency of the entire system, but also ensures that the negative pressure assembly can continuously and stably generate the required negative pressure.

[0019] Furthermore, the loading component includes a support carrier and a grinding head column; the grinding head column penetrates through the support carrier, and the grinding head column is slidably engaged with the support carrier; a lifting gear is arranged inside the support carrier; a rack is arranged on one side of the grinding head column; the rack is engaged with the lifting gear; a driving member is axially arranged on the lifting gear; the driving member is used to drive the lifting gear to rotate.

[0020] Beneficial effects: By driving the lifting gear to rotate with the driving member, the meshing relationship between the lifting gear and the rack enables the grinding head column to perform precise lifting movements within the support carrier. This design allows researchers to apply precise loads to the grinding head column according to experimental requirements, thereby achieving precise evaluation of the friction and wear performance of samples. Precise loading control helps improve the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.

[0021] Furthermore, the moving component includes a servo motor, a lead screw, and a nut seat; the servo motor is used to drive the lead screw to rotate, one end of the lead screw is rotatably engaged with the slide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor; the lead screw is in threaded engagement with the nut seat, and the nut seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The servo motor, with its characteristics of high precision and high response speed, ensures precise control of the rotation of the lead screw. By adjusting the pulse signal of the servo motor, fine adjustment of the rotation angle and speed of the lead screw can be achieved, thereby precisely controlling the displacement and speed of the nut seat (i.e., the base). This high-precision movement control helps improve the relative movement precision between the sample and the grinding head during the experiment, and further enhances the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.

[0023] Furthermore, a reset channel is connected to one side of the main channel, and a safety valve is arranged inside the reset channel.

[0024] Beneficial effects: After the experiment is completed, in order to remove the sample, it is usually necessary to release the restraint on the sample. By opening the safety valve, the air pressure in the main channel can quickly return to equilibrium, enabling the sample to be easily removed from the experimental device. This design greatly simplifies the sample handling process after the experiment and improves the convenience of the experiment.

[0025] Moreover, the introduction of the safety valve provides an effective negative pressure protection mechanism for the testing machine. When the negative pressure in the main channel abnormally increases and reaches the preset safety threshold, the safety valve will automatically open, allowing external air to enter the main channel, thereby quickly reducing the negative pressure level. This design effectively prevents safety accidents caused by excessive negative pressure, such as structural damage or component detachment, ensuring the safe operation of the testing machine.

[0026] Furthermore, capacitor plates are respectively arranged on the first piston and inside the negative pressure groove; the capacitor plates are electrically connected to a control module; the control module is used to judge the magnitude of the negative pressure in the negative pressure groove based on the information collected by the capacitor plates and control the operation of the safety valve.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The distance between the capacitor plates can reflect the magnitude of the negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber. By collecting the information on the charge change on the capacitor plates, the control module can accurately calculate the magnitude of the negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber. This ability of real-time monitoring and precise control enables the experimental machine to respond more accurately to negative pressure changes, ensuring the stability and safety of the experimental process.

[0028] Combined with the control module and the safety valve, this design constructs an intelligent negative pressure protection mechanism. When the negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber exceeds the preset safety threshold, the control module can quickly identify and control the opening of the safety valve to release the excess negative pressure, thereby preventing equipment damage or safety accidents caused by excessive negative pressure. This intelligent protection mechanism improves the self-protection ability of the experimental machine and reduces the experimental risk.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes an early warning module; the early warning module is used to send early warning signals; the control module is also used to judge the flatness of the sample side based on the information collected by each capacitor plate, adjust the trigger threshold of the safety valve based on the flatness, and control the operation of the early warning module.

[0030] Beneficial effects: When the sample side is uneven, some negative pressure chambers may not be able to fit tightly with the sample side, resulting in unstable adsorption. Based on the information collected by each capacitor plate, the control module can judge the flatness of the sample side and adjust the negative pressure in other negative pressure chambers accordingly to ensure the stability and uniformity of the overall adsorption. This ability to intelligently adjust the negative pressure enables the experimental machine to better adapt to samples with different shapes and side qualities, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the experiment.

[0031] Furthermore, limit blocks are provided in each negative pressure chamber.

[0032] Beneficial effects: When the sample side is uneven, the sliders in the negative pressure chambers may move abnormally due to uneven adsorption forces. The setting of the limit blocks can effectively prevent the sliders from moving excessively inward, thereby avoiding direct contact or collision between the sliders and the capacitor plates, protecting the integrity and normal operation of the capacitor plates. This is crucial for maintaining the precise measurement and stable control of the experimental machine.

[0033] Furthermore, the control module judges whether the sample side is flat based on whether the distances between the capacitor plates in all negative pressure chambers are the same; if the distances between all capacitor plates are the same, it is judged that the sample side is flat; if there is a distance between capacitor plates lower than the preset value, it is judged that the sample side is uneven.

[0034] Beneficial effects: This design enables the experimental machine to better adapt to samples with different shapes and surface qualities. Whether the sample surface is flat or has slight undulations, the control module can accurately judge and make corresponding adjustments, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 FIG. is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an internal structural schematic diagram of the middle slide rail.

[0037] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an internal structural schematic diagram of the middle base.

[0038] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the middle cylinder.

[0039] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a side view of

[0040] Figure 6 is Figure 1 an internal structural schematic diagram of the grinding head column in

[0041] Figure 7 is Figure 3 a structural schematic diagram of the eccentric cam in

[0042] Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1, workbench; 2, support carrier; 3, grinding head column; 4, slide rail; 5, base; 6, servo motor; 201, lifting gear; 301, rack; 401, lead screw; 402, nut seat; 403, sliding column; 501, moving block; 502, chute; 503, cavity; 504, air pipe; 505, negative pressure groove; 5051, reset channel; 5052, safety valve; 506, first piston; 507, main channel; 508, functional cavity; 509, first one-way valve; 510, second one-way valve; 511, exhaust channel; 512, driven groove; 513, driven gear; 514, eccentric cam; 5141, limit groove; 515, second piston; 516, connecting rod; 5161, ball head; 517, cylinder; 5171, spiral groove; 518, driving gear; 519, capacitor plate; 520, limit block. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the communication inside two elements. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0047] Embodiment 1 is basically as shown in the attached Figures 1 - 7 figures: A reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine mainly includes a workbench 1; a clamping assembly, a loading assembly, and a moving assembly are arranged on the top of the workbench 1.

[0048] The clamping assembly is used to fix the sample (mainly a soft material sample); specifically, the clamping assembly includes a base 5. As shown in the attached Figure 3 figures, in this embodiment, the front view of the base 5 is in the shape of "┛"; a chute 502 is opened on the top of the base 5; a moving block 501 is slidably fitted in the chute 502. In this embodiment, the sample is fixed between the moving block 501 and the base 5; a plurality of negative pressure grooves 505 are arranged in an array on both the moving block 501 and the base 5. Specifically, in combination with the attached Figure 2 and the attached Figure 3 figures, a plurality of negative pressure grooves 505 are opened on the right side of the moving block 501, and a plurality of negative pressure grooves 505 are opened on the left side of the base 5; the negative pressure grooves 505 are all communicated with a negative pressure assembly.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the negative pressure assembly includes a number of first pistons 506; the first pistons 506 are respectively and slidably engaged with the negative pressure grooves 505; the negative pressure grooves 505 on the moving block 501 and the negative pressure grooves 505 on the base 5 are both connected to the main channel 507. Specifically, the negative pressure grooves 505 and the main channel 507 on the moving block 501 and the negative pressure grooves 505 and the main channel 507 on the base 5 are mirror-symmetrically distributed. In this embodiment, a cavity 503 is further opened in the base 5, and an air pipe 504 is placed in the cavity 503. The air pipe 504 is used to connect the main channel 507 on the moving block 501 with the main channel 507 on the base 5. The cavity 503 is located at the bottom of the sliding groove 502, and the cavity 503 is connected to the sliding groove 502, so that the moving block 501 can be in a connected state with the main channel 507 on the base 5 at any position in the sliding groove 502. A functional cavity 508 is further opened in the base 5; the main channels 507 are all connected to the functional cavity 508, that is, the structure formed by the two main channels 507 and the functional cavity 508 is in the shape of "┫".

[0050] In this embodiment, the right side of the main channel 507 is connected to a reset channel 5051; a safety valve 5052 is fixed by screws in the reset channel 5051. In this embodiment, the model of the safety valve 5052 is A72W-10P / R vacuum negative pressure safety valve.

[0051] A first one-way valve 509 is welded and fixed at the connection between the main channel 507 and the functional cavity 508. The first one-way valve 509 is used to achieve one-way flow from the main channel 507 to the functional cavity 508; as shown in the appendix Figure 3 As shown, the right side of the functional cavity 508 is connected to an exhaust channel 511; a second one-way valve 510 is welded and fixed in the exhaust channel 511. In this embodiment, the second one-way valve 510 is used to achieve one-way flow from the functional cavity 508 to the exhaust channel 511; the bottom of the functional cavity 508 is connected to a driven groove 512; a second piston 515 is also slidably engaged in the functional cavity 508; a connecting rod 516 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the second piston 515. An eccentric cam 514 is rotatably engaged in the driven groove 512; as shown in the appendix Figure 7 As shown, a limiting groove 5141 is opened on the contour of the eccentric cam 514; a ball head 5161 is slidably engaged in the limiting groove 5141; the ball head 5161 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the connecting rod 516; a driven gear 513 is axially welded and fixed to the eccentric runner; the driven gear 513 meshes with a transmission component.

[0052] Specifically, in combination with appendix Figure 3 、appendix Figure 4 and appendix Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a cylinder 517; a driving groove is further formed in the base 5; the right side of the driving groove communicates with the driven groove 512, and the bottom of the driving groove communicates with the slide rail 4; both ends of the cylinder 517 are rotatably connected to the driving groove; helical grooves 5171 are symmetrically formed on the cylinder 517; the helical grooves 5171 communicate with each other in an interlaced manner; a driving gear 518 is axially welded and fixed on the cylinder 517; the driving gear 518 meshes with the driven gear 513; a slide rail 4 is formed on the workbench 1; a sliding column 403 is further arranged in the slide rail 4, and the bottom of the sliding column 403 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the slide rail 4; the top of the sliding column 403 is slidably matched with the helical groove 5171.

[0053] The loading assembly is used to apply a load to the sample.

[0054] Specifically, in combination with the attached Figure 1 and the attached Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the loading assembly includes a support carrier 2 and a grinding head column 3; the grinding head column 3 penetrates through the support carrier 2, and the grinding head column 3 is slidably matched with the support carrier 2; a lifting gear 201 is arranged in the support carrier 2 (in this embodiment, the lifting gear 201 includes a groove allowing the lifting gear 201 to rotate, which is formed in the support carrier 2); a rack 301 is welded and fixed to the right side of the grinding head column 3; the rack 301 meshes with the lifting gear 201; a driving member is axially arranged on the lifting gear 201; the driving member is used to drive the lifting gear 201 to rotate. In this embodiment, the driving member is a stepping motor, and the output shaft of the stepping motor is axially welded and fixed to the lifting gear 201.

[0055] The moving assembly is used to reciprocally move the base 5.

[0056] Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the moving assembly includes a servo motor 6, a lead screw 401, and a nut seat 402; the output shaft of the servo motor 6 is axially welded and fixed to the lead screw 401, and the servo motor 6 is installed inside the left side of the slide rail 4; the right end of the lead screw 401 is rotatably matched with the slide rail 4, and the other end is coaxially welded and fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor 6; the lead screw 401 is in threaded cooperation with the nut seat 402; the nut seat 402 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the base 5.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows: In this embodiment, the sample is taken as a rubber block.

[0058] First, place the rubber block between the moving block 501 and the base 5. Slide the moving block 501 to make the moving block 501, the rubber block, and the base 5 fit tightly with each other. Then start the servo motor 6. The servo motor 6 drives the base 5 to reciprocate along the slide rail 4. During the movement of the base 5, the slide post 403 will move along the spiral groove 5171, thereby driving the cylinder 517 to rotate. The rotation of the cylinder 517 drives the driving gear 518 to rotate. The rotation of the driving gear 518 drives the driven gear 513 to rotate. The rotation of the driven gear 513 drives the eccentric cam 514 to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric cam 514 drives the ball head 5161 and the connecting rod 516 to move up and down reciprocally, thereby driving the second piston 515 to operate.

[0059] When the second piston 515 moves downward, the volume in the functional cavity 508 increases and the air pressure decreases, thereby sucking the air in the main channel 507 into the functional cavity 508. When the second piston 515 moves upward, the volume in the functional cavity 508 decreases and the air pressure increases, thereby discharging the air in the main channel 507 into the exhaust channel 511 through the second one-way valve 510, and finally continuously discharging the air to the outside through the exhaust channel 511. At this time, a negative pressure is generated in the main channel 507 and acts on the first piston 506, causing the first piston 506 to move away from the sample, so that the volume of the space between the first piston 506 and the side of the sample continuously increases, thereby generating a negative pressure in the negative pressure groove 505 to fix the sample.

[0060] With the continuous reciprocating movement of the base 5, the negative pressure in the negative pressure groove 505 will continuously increase (when the negative pressure exceeds the threshold, the safety valve 5052 will automatically start to maintain the negative pressure within a fixed range) until the sample is firmly fixed on the base 5.

[0061] At this time, stop the servo motor 6. Then the experimenter starts the stepper motor. The output shaft of the stepper motor drives the lifting gear 201 to rotate. The rotation of the lifting gear 201 drives the rack 301 to move, thereby moving the grinding head column 3 downward to apply a load to the top of the sample and making the bottom of the grinding head column 3 contact the top of the sample. Then, start the servo motor 6 again to conduct the friction and wear experiment on the rubber block.

[0062] Embodiment 2, which is different from the above Embodiment 1 in that capacitor plates 519 are respectively arranged on the first piston 506 and in the negative pressure groove 505. Specifically, for the negative pressure groove 505 and the first piston 506 on the moving block 501, the capacitor plates 519 are respectively adhesively fixed to the left side of the first piston 506 and the left end of the negative pressure groove 505. For the negative pressure groove 505 and the first piston 506 on the base 5, the capacitor plates 519 are respectively adhesively fixed to the right side of the first piston 506 and the right end of the negative pressure groove 505; the capacitor plates 519 are all electrically connected to a control module. In this embodiment, the capacitor plates 519 are all electrically connected to the same control module; the control module is used to judge the magnitude of the negative pressure in the negative pressure groove 505 based on the information collected by the capacitor plates 519 and control the operation of the safety valve 5052. The safety valve 5052 in this embodiment is an electric control valve.

[0063] In order to limit the movement range of the first piston 506, limit blocks 520 are welded and fixed in the negative pressure groove 505. Specifically, for the negative pressure groove 505 on the moving block 501, the limit block 520 is located at the top of the left end of the negative pressure groove 505; for the negative pressure groove 505 on the base 5, the limit block 520 is located at the top of the right end of the negative pressure groove 505.

[0064] It further includes an early warning module; the early warning module is used to send an early warning signal. In this embodiment, the early warning module is a warning light and the early warning signal is light; the control module is also used to judge the flatness of the side of the sample based on the information collected by each capacitor plate 519, adjust the trigger threshold of the safety valve 5052 based on the flatness, and control the operation of the early warning module.

[0065] Specifically, the control module judges whether the side of the sample is flat based on whether the distances between the capacitor plates 519 in all the negative pressure grooves 505 are the same; if the distances between all the capacitor plates 519 are the same, it is judged that the side of the sample is flat; if there is a distance between the capacitor plates 519 that is lower than the preset value, it is judged that the side of the sample is not flat.

[0066] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0067] Assume that the side of the sample is flat: when the first piston 506 moves under the drive of the negative pressure in the main through groove, the distance between the capacitor plates 519 in the same negative pressure groove 505 will change. Since the main channels 507 are interconnected, the magnitude of the negative pressure in each negative pressure groove 505 will be the same. At this time, the moving distances of the first piston 506 will also be the same, that is, the distances between the capacitor plates 519 are the same. The control module calculates the distance between the capacitor plates 519 based on the charge change between the capacitor plates 519. The larger the distance, the smaller the negative pressure, and the smaller the distance, the larger the negative pressure. When the negative pressure is too high, the control module controls the safety valve 5052 to open, allowing outside air to enter the main channel 507, thereby quickly reducing the negative pressure level.

[0068] Assume that the side of the sample is uneven: part of the negative pressure groove 505 cannot be closely attached to the side of the sample, resulting in unstable adsorption. Through the information collected by each capacitor plate 519, the control module can judge the flatness of the side of the sample. If the adsorption is unstable, the first piston 506 in the negative pressure groove 505 at that place will abnormally move away from the sample. For example, if the negative pressure groove 505 on the base 5 has unstable adsorption, at this time, the first piston 506 will move abnormally to the right. The control module judges whether the side of the sample is flat by comparing the distances between each capacitor plate 519, and increases the trigger threshold of the safety valve 5052. For example, the trigger threshold of the safety valve 5052 is A. Due to the unstable adsorption of part of the negative pressure groove 505, at this time, the pressure needs to reach B to firmly adsorb the sample (A < B). During the reciprocating movement of the base 5, the negative pressure continuously increases. The trigger threshold of the safety valve 5052 represents the maximum negative pressure value in each negative pressure groove 505. When this negative pressure value is exceeded, the control module will control the safety valve 5052 to open to reduce the negative pressure. Therefore, if the adsorption of part of the negative pressure groove 505 is unstable, the control module will start the safety valve 5052 when the negative pressure value reaches B instead of starting the safety valve 5052 when the negative pressure value reaches A as in the initial situation. At the same time, the control module starts the warning module to issue a light warning to indicate that the side of the sample is uneven, so that the experimenter can take corresponding measures.

[0069] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. Specific structures and / or common knowledge such as characteristics well known in the art are not described in detail here. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine, comprising a workbench (1), on which a clamping assembly, a loading assembly and a moving assembly are arranged, wherein the clamping assembly is used to fix a sample; characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises a base (5); a slide groove (502) is arranged on the base (5), a moving block (501) is slidably matched in the slide groove (502), a plurality of negative pressure grooves (505) are arranged in an array on the moving block (501) and the base (5), and the negative pressure grooves (505) are all connected to a negative pressure assembly; the negative pressure assembly is used to use the kinetic energy of the base (5) when it moves to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure grooves (505); the loading assembly is used to apply a load on the sample; and the moving assembly is used to reciprocate the base (5); The negative pressure assembly comprises a plurality of first pistons (506), each of which is slidably matched with a negative pressure groove (505); the negative pressure groove (505) on the moving block (501) and the negative pressure groove (505) on the base (5) are both connected to a main channel (507); a functional cavity (508) is further provided in the base (5), the main channels (507) are connected to the functional cavity (508), a first non-return valve (509) is provided at the connection between the main channel (507) and the functional cavity (508), one side of the functional cavity (508) is connected to an exhaust channel (511), a second non-return valve (510) is provided in the exhaust channel (511), and the bottom of the functional cavity (508) is connected to a first non-return valve (509). A driven groove (512) is provided, a second piston (515) is slidably engaged in the functional cavity (508), a connecting rod (516) is arranged at the bottom of the second piston (515), an eccentric cam (514) is rotatably engaged in the driven groove (512), a limiting groove (5141) is arranged on the profile of the eccentric cam (514), a ball head (5161) is slidably engaged in the limiting groove (5141), the ball head (5161) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod (516), and a driven gear (513) is axially arranged on the eccentric rotating wheel; the driven gear (513) is meshed with a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is used to convert the linear reciprocating movement of the base (5) into the rotation of the driven gear (513).

2. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a cylinder (517); a driving groove is further arranged in the base (5); the driving groove is respectively connected to the driven groove (512) and the slide rail (4); both ends of the cylinder (517) are rotatably connected to the driving groove; spiral grooves (5171) are symmetrically arranged on the cylinder (517); the spiral grooves (5171) are interlaced and connected to each other; a driving gear (518) is axially arranged on the cylinder (517); the driving gear (518) is meshed with the driven gear (513); the workbench (1) is further provided with a slide rail (4); a slide column (403) is further arranged in the slide rail (4); the top of the slide column (403 is slidably matched with the spiral groove (5171).

3. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading assembly comprises a support carrier (2) and a grinding head column (3); the grinding head column (3) penetrates the support carrier (2), and the grinding head column (3) and the support carrier (2) are slidably matched; a lifting gear (201) is arranged in the support carrier (2); a rack (301) is arranged on one side of the grinding head column (3); the rack (301) is meshed with the lifting gear (201); a driving member is axially arranged on the lifting gear (201); and the driving member is used to drive the lifting gear (201) to rotate.

4. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving assembly comprises a servo motor (6), a lead screw (401) and a nut seat (402); the servo motor (6) is used to drive the lead screw (401) to rotate; one end of the lead screw (401) is rotationally matched with the slide rail (4), and the other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (6); the lead screw (401) is threadedly matched with the nut seat (402), and the nut seat (402) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base (5).

5. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the main channel (507) is connected to a reset channel (5051), and a safety valve (5052) is provided in the reset channel (5051).

6. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Capacitor plates (519) are respectively arranged on the first piston (506) and in the negative pressure groove (505); the capacitor plates (519) are electrically connected to a control module; the control module is used to determine the negative pressure in the negative pressure groove (505) based on information collected by the capacitor plates (519) and control the operation of the safety valve (5052).

7. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an early warning module; the early warning module is used to send an early warning signal; the control module is also used to determine the flatness of the side of the sample based on the information collected by each capacitor plate (519), adjust the trigger threshold of the safety valve (5052) based on the flatness, and control the operation of the early warning module.

8. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: Limiting blocks (520) are provided in the negative pressure grooves (505).

9. The reciprocating soft material friction and wear testing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control module determines whether the side of the sample is flat based on whether the distances between the capacitor plates (519) in all negative pressure grooves (505) are the same; if the distances between all capacitor plates (519) are the same, the side of the sample is determined to be flat; if the distance between any capacitor plates (519) is lower than a preset value, the side of the sample is determined to be uneven.

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