A simulation method and device for overheating treatment of a metal melt

Abstract

The present invention provides a simulation method and device for superheating treatment of a molten metal, including: S1, constructing a simulation device for simulating the melting and solidification of a molten metal according to the similarity principle, and adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device; S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to 1-1.1 times of the complete dissolution temperature T m of the solute; S3, cooling the solution obtained in step S2 to 0.95-1.05 times of the solidification temperature T s of the solution; S4, heating the mixture obtained in step S3 to more than 1.1 times of the complete dissolution temperature T m of the solute to completely dissolve it, obtaining the real-time conductivity and viscosity values in the model, and controlling a camera to capture images according to the change of conductivity to obtain the size and dissolution rate of the crystallized substance; S5, establishing a mathematical model of temperature, viscosity and conductivity by statistically analyzing the data obtained in step S4, and at the same time combining the change state of the solute photographed by the camera to obtain the superheating behavior of the simulated molten metal, and obtaining the heating parameters of the molten metal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of metal melt simulation, and particularly relates to a simulation method and device for superheat treatment of metal melts. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature smelting is an important method for large-scale production of high-quality metal products. For metals that generally undergo liquid-solid phase transformation, the state of the metal in the liquid phase has a great influence on the subsequent solidification process and solidification structure of the metal. The melt superheat treatment technology is a technology that uses high temperature to treat the liquid structure, pre-crystallization state, and solidification process of alloys to improve the structure, performance, and quality of metals. Therefore, studying the influence of superheat treatment behavior on the microstructure and properties of metals has very important practical significance and application value.

[0003] In recent years, there have been more and more studies on melt superheat, and the meaning of melt superheat has also changed. When smelting an alloy, heating the alloy liquid to a certain temperature above the liquidus of the alloy can improve the melt structure of the alloy and retain the structure of the alloy melt in the final solid alloy, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the metallurgical quality and enhancing the comprehensive service performance of the alloy. According to different changing factors, melt superheat treatment is usually divided into the following four categories: (1) Simple superheat method: It is very easy to control the superheat temperature and time to change the melting parameters. The method is to simply heat the melt to a temperature above the liquidus. (2) Cyclic superheat method: The factors that need to be controlled are T max and T min in the set temperature range and the superheat time. After determining the temperature range, heat up cyclically within these temperature ranges, which is the cyclic heating method. (3) Heat rate treatment method: In addition to controlling the superheat time and superheat temperature, this method also needs to control the cooling rate. Heat the alloy to about 300°C above the liquidus and then solidify it at a determined cooling rate. (4) Mixing method: Mix two alloy liquids with different temperatures so that the temperature of the obtained melt is between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature. In addition to mainly adjusting the temperatures of these two alloy liquids, this method also needs to control the standing time after the two melts are mixed.

[0004] Most existing studies use high-temperature experimental simulation or numerical simulation methods to model the melt overheating phenomenon; in actual production, the effect of melt overheating treatment can also be evaluated by observing the metal microstructure and measuring specific properties. However, the existing technical solutions cannot detect the dynamic changes of important parameters such as microstructure, conductivity / heat and viscosity in real time and at the same time during high temperature, so they can only be tested separately and independently, with poor synergy; its technical barriers are that the detection equipment cannot work at the same time due to the influence of thermal disturbance, thermal effect and element volatilization at high temperature, and the high-temperature containers and materials required for detection are difficult to obtain, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of multiple detection methods. Therefore, it is impossible to detect the dynamic changes of microstructure, conductivity / heat and viscosity in real time and at the same time, and observe the changes in grains and organization during overheating treatment; therefore, corresponding research is urgently needed to obtain research data that is closer to actual production and establish a more reliable overheating treatment model, so as to provide guidance for optimizing the overheating process and improving metal properties in actual production. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a simulation method and device for superheat treatment of molten metal, which aims to improve the authenticity and accuracy of the simulation of superheat treatment of molten metal, more realistically reflect the relationship between temperature parameters, melt viscosity, conductivity and crystallization changes during the superheat treatment of molten metal, and can effectively guide the actual industrial production to obtain ideal metal structure and performance by regulating temperature parameters.

[0006] As one aspect of the present invention, a method for simulating superheat treatment of a molten metal is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, constructing a simulation device for simulating the melting and solidification of a molten metal according to a similar principle, adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device, wherein the solute and the solvent are placed into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and the liquid level of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the liquid level in the solution tank and is not higher than the top height of the solution tank;

[0008] S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to the complete dissolution temperature T of the solute m 1-1.1 times of the original volume, stirring thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;

[0009] S3, cooling the solution obtained in step S2 to the solidification temperature T of the solution s 0.95-1.05 times of the concentration of the solvent to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially the same form;

[0010] S4, according to the actual working conditions, the mixture obtained in step S3 is heated to the solute complete dissolution temperature T according to the set heating rate. mMore than 1.1 times of that, keep it warm for a period of time until it is completely dissolved, obtain the real-time conductivity and viscosity values in the model, and control the camera to capture images according to the change of conductivity to obtain the size and dissolution rate of the crystallized substance. The control mechanism is carried out according to the following criteria:

[0011] When 0.95 < σ < 1, control the camera magnification to 40 - 200 times for shooting;

[0012] When 0.8 < σ ≤ 0.95, control the camera magnification to 200 - 500 times for shooting;

[0013] When 0.2 < σ ≤ 0.8, control the camera magnification to 500 - 1000 times for shooting;

[0014] When 0.0 < σ ≤ 0.2, control the camera magnification to 1000 - 2000 times for shooting,

[0015] where σ is the conductivity, and the conductivity needs to be normalized according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0;

[0016] S5. By statistically analyzing the data obtained in step S4, establish a mathematical model of the crystallized substance size temperature parameter, viscosity, and conductivity, and that's it.

[0017] As a preferred scheme of the simulation method for overheating treatment of metal melt in the present invention, in step S1, the ratio of the solute to the solvent is determined according to the melting and solidification characteristics of the metal melt under actual working conditions. The solute includes one or more of nicotinamide, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, lead iodide, salicylic acid, citric acid, vitamin C, ammonium chloride, and sodium thiosulfate, and the solvent includes water, alcohol, or oil.

[0018] As a preferred scheme of the simulation method for overheating treatment of metal melt in the present invention, the method further includes repeatedly implementing steps S3 - S4 multiple times before executing step S5, where in step S3, the cooling of the solution obtained in step S2 is replaced by the cooling of the solution obtained in step S4.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the simulation method for overheating treatment of metal melt in the present invention, in step S4, zero calibration needs to be performed before obtaining the viscosity value. Specifically, the value η of the viscometer corresponding to the conductivity of 0.985 - 1 is corrected to zero, and the viscosity values at other conductivities are converted according to where is the measured value at this conductivity.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the simulation method for superheating treatment of metal melts according to the present invention, in the step S1, the heat transfer medium includes one or more of water, liquid nitrogen, supercooled water, oil, metal, and graphite.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the simulation method for superheating treatment of metal melts according to the present invention, in the step S5, the mathematical model is realized by adopting a method combining parameter fitting and machine learning.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the simulation method for superheating treatment of metal melts according to the present invention, the method further includes the step of obtaining the optimal superheating temperature in the simulated state according to the mathematical model and obtaining the actual optimal superheating temperature of the simulated metal melt through the similarity principle. The simulated optimal superheating temperature is the critical temperature at which the solute is completely dissolved and the conductivity and viscosity remain stable.

[0023] As another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a simulation device for superheating treatment of metal melts, including a container, a solution tank, a temperature measuring instrument, a viscosity measuring instrument, a conductivity measuring instrument, a data recorder, a camera, and a stirring device. The container has an opening for containing the heat transfer medium. The solution tank is placed above the container inside and ensures that the height of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the height of the solution in the solution tank. The stirring device is located inside the container for stirring the heat transfer medium to ensure uniform heat transfer. There are two temperature measuring instruments respectively arranged inside the container and the solution tank for obtaining the temperatures of the heat transfer medium and the solution. The conductivity measuring instrument is located inside the solution tank for obtaining the conductivity of the solution. The viscosity measuring instrument is located inside the solution tank for obtaining the viscosity of the solution. The camera is located above the solution tank for photographing the dissolution and crystallization states of the solute. The temperature measuring instrument, the viscosity measuring instrument, the conductivity measuring instrument, and the camera are all electrically connected or in electrical signal connection with the data recorder. The conductivity measuring instrument and the camera are also simultaneously electrically connected to the control system.

[0024] As another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a simulation device for superheating treatment of metal melts, further including a cooling device wound around the container wall for cooling the heat transfer medium. Cooling water is passed through the cooling device for cooling.

[0025] Based on the technical solution of the present invention, it is found that by real-time monitoring the change of conductivity in the solution, the transient changes of crystal growth and melting in the solution can be effectively reflected, with high data sensitivity and greater accuracy.

[0026] Based on the technical solution of the present invention, it is found that by monitoring the change of conductivity in the solution in real time and adjusting the shooting parameters of the camera according to specific change states, the crystal changes at the characteristic transition moment can be captured, and a signal reference can be provided for setting the shooting magnification. The captured data is more comprehensive, and the crystal structure details captured by the segmented shooting magnification are clearer. In the solution of the present invention, the set control standard is: when 0.95 < σ < 1, control the camera magnification to 40 - 200 times for shooting; when 0.8 < σ ≤ 0.95, control the camera magnification to 200 - 500 times for shooting; when 0.2 < σ ≤ 0.8, control the camera magnification to 500 - 1000 times for shooting; when 0.0 < σ ≤ 0.2, control the camera magnification to 1000 - 2000 times for shooting, where σ is the conductivity, and the conductivity needs to be normalized according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0. This normalization process can adapt to the differences in the conductivity of different solutions, provide a standardized detection scheme, and make the data easier to compare and analyze subsequently.

[0027] It should be noted that the process parameters not mentioned in the present invention can be obtained by those skilled in the art through conversion according to the conventional process parameters under actual working conditions and the similarity principle of the simulation process.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention can realize the synchronous real-time monitoring and acquisition of temperature, conductivity change, viscosity and crystallization image. Each detection means is interrelated, and the data are mutually assisted and verified; by utilizing the advantage of high conductivity sensitivity, the viscosity detector with relatively low sensitivity can be effectively corrected to obtain more accurate viscosity data.

[0030] 2. By using the specific change of conductivity to control the parameter setting of the camera, the present invention can capture clearer and more detailed crystal change rules, avoiding the disadvantages of poor picture clarity or failure to capture the crystal detail growth information caused by untimely manual adjustment in the prior art.

[0031] 3. The present invention can truly restore the overheating treatment behavior of the molten metal, and by obtaining the relationship between temperature parameters, conductivity, viscosity and crystallization changes, the obtained data is more comprehensive and accurate, avoiding the disadvantages of large errors caused by too few previous detection means, lack of correction and mutual verification, and can effectively guide the actual production process to obtain ideal microstructure and properties by regulating temperature parameters, monitoring conductivity and viscosity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 , the structural schematic diagram of the simulation device of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 1 - container, 2 - heat transfer medium, 3 - cooling device, 4 - solution tank, 5 - temperature measuring instrument, 6 - camera, 7 - data recorder, 8 - viscometer, 9 - conductivity meter, 10 - stirring device. Specific embodiments

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , in the specific embodiments of the present invention, a simulation device for the superheat behavior of molten metal is provided, including a container 1, a solution tank 4, a temperature measuring instrument 5, a viscometer 8, a conductivity meter 9, a data recorder 7, a camera 6, a stirring device 10, a heating device, and a cooling device 3. The container 1 has an opening for pouring a heat transfer medium 2. The solution tank 4 is placed above the container 1 and ensures that the height of the heat transfer medium 2 is not lower than the height of the solution in the solution tank 4. The heating device is placed on the surface of the container or in the heat transfer medium to heat the heat transfer medium. The stirring device 10 is located in the container 1 and is used to stir the heat transfer medium to ensure uniform heat transfer. There are two temperature measuring instruments 5, which are respectively arranged in the container 1 and the solution tank 4 to obtain the temperatures of the heat transfer medium 2 and the solution. The temperature measuring instrument arranged in the container 1 is mainly used to ensure the normal operation of the temperature measuring instrument arranged in the solution tank 4. When an abnormality occurs, it can be judged through the readings feedback by the temperature measuring instrument arranged in the container 1, so as to timely discover data abnormality points and ensure the accuracy of data acquisition. The conductivity meter 9 is located in the solution tank 4 to obtain the conductivity of the solution. The viscometer 8 is located in the solution tank 4 to obtain the viscosity of the solution. The camera 6 is located above the solution tank 4 to photograph the dissolution and crystallization states of the solute. The temperature measuring instrument 5, the viscometer 8, the conductivity meter 9, and the camera 6 are all electrically connected to the data recorder 7. The conductivity meter and the camera are also simultaneously electrically connected to the control system. The cooling device is wound around the container wall and is used to cool the heat transfer medium. Cooling water is passed through the cooling device for cooling.

[0036] It should be noted that in the Figure 1 of the present invention, the connection schematic diagrams of other components except the camera 6 to the data recorder 7 are omitted, but this does not affect those skilled in the art to know their connection methods. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the components that need to be powered on to work in the present invention will inevitably be connected to power according to the well-known technologies in the art.

[0037] In specific implementation, the size of the simulation device is obtained by scaling down the size of the actual industrial production device based on a similar principle, and specifically, it can be set according to a ratio of, for example, 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, 4:1, etc. For easy observation, the container and solution tank in the specific embodiment of the present invention are made of transparent organic glass.

[0038] In a specific implementation, the camera 6 can adopt a high-speed camera, and obtain the conductivity data transmitted by the conductivity meter through the control system, and after normalization processing, determine the output and adjust the shooting parameters according to the standards of the present invention. In addition to the magnification, the exposure time of the high-speed camera can be determined according to actual needs, for example, 1.0 seconds, 2.0 seconds, etc. can be selected.

[0039] In a specific implementation, the stirring device 10 is used to stir the heat transfer medium to ensure uniform heat transfer.

[0040] In specific implementation, the solution in the solution tank is the molten metal in actual industrial production. According to the similarity principle, water, alcohol or oil can be selected as the solvent; the solute in the solution tank is the crystallized material formed by cooling the molten metal in actual industrial production. According to the similarity principle, one or more of niacinamide, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, lead iodide, salicylic acid, citric acid, vitamin C, ammonium chloride and sodium thiosulfate can be selected as the solute.

[0041] In the specific implementation, the process of each simulation experiment includes:

[0042] S1, constructing a simulation device for simulating the melting and solidification of a molten metal according to a similar principle, adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device, wherein the solute and the solvent are placed into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and the liquid level of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the liquid level in the solution tank and is not higher than the top height of the solution tank;

[0043] S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to the complete dissolution temperature T of the solute m 1-1.1 times of the original volume, stirring thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;

[0044] S3, cooling the solution obtained in step S2 to the solidification temperature T of the solution s 0.95-1.05 times of the concentration of the solvent to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially uniform form;

[0045] S4, according to the actual working conditions, the mixture obtained in step S3 is heated to the solute complete dissolution temperature T according to the set heating rate. mMore than 1.1 times of it, keep warm for a period of time to make it dissolve completely; obtain the real-time conductivity and viscosity values in the model, and control the camera to capture images according to the change of conductivity to obtain the size and distribution of the crystallized substances. The control mechanism is carried out according to the following criteria:

[0046] When 0.95 < σ < 1, control the magnification of the camera to be 40 - 200 times for shooting;

[0047] When 0.8 < σ ≤ 0.95, control the magnification of the camera to be 200 - 500 times for shooting;

[0048] When 0.2 < σ ≤ 0.8, control the magnification of the camera to be 500 - 1000 times for shooting;

[0049] When 0.0 < σ ≤ 0.2, control the magnification of the camera to be 1000 - 2000 times for shooting,

[0050] where σ is the conductivity, and the conductivity needs to be normalized according to the standard that the conductivity of the completely dissolved solution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of the completely solidified solution is recorded as 0; zero correction needs to be carried out before obtaining the viscosity value. Specifically, the value η of the viscometer corresponding to the conductivity of 0.985 - 1 is corrected to zero, and the viscosity values under the remaining conductivities are converted according to where is the measured value at this conductivity;

[0051] S5. Use the data recorder to record the transmitted solution temperature, the viscosity after zero correction conversion, and the conductivity obtained by normalization, and perform statistics and analyze by combining parameter fitting and machine learning with the heating parameters to obtain the relationship between the temperature parameters of the molten metal and the viscosity, conductivity, and solute change, so as to simulate the superheat behavior of the molten metal, and finally obtain the appropriate heating parameters.

[0052] In specific implementation, the aforementioned steps S3 and S4 can also be repeated. Further, the heating and cooling parameters can also be adjusted to obtain the parameter relationships under more working conditions and further improve the accuracy of the simulation results.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Construct a container and a solution tank model according to the ratio of the heating furnace to the container volume of 2:1. Place the solution tank inside the container, set a heating device inside the container, wind a cooling water pipe on the container wall, set temperature measuring instruments inside the container and the solution tank respectively, set a conductivity meter and a viscometer inside the solution tank, set a high-speed camera above the container, electrically connect the temperature measuring instrument, conductivity meter, viscometer and high-speed camera to the data recorder, and at the same time electrically connect the conductivity meter and high-speed camera to the control system.

[0055] S1, Add a heat transfer medium, a solute, and a solvent to the simulation device. According to the solidification and melting characteristics of AlSi7Mg0.9 aluminum alloy, water is selected as the solvent and lead iodide as the solute, with a molar ratio of 5:1. The solute and the solvent are placed into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and the liquid level of the heat transfer medium is at the same height as the liquid level in the solution tank for dissolution;

[0056] S2, Heat the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to 1.1 times (93.5 °C) the complete dissolution temperature T m of the solute, and stir thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;

[0057] S3, Cool the obtained solution to 0.95 times (-5.7 °C) the solidification temperature T s of the solution to obtain a mixture containing solutes with substantially the same morphology;

[0058] S4, According to the conversion of the actual working conditions, heat the mixture obtained in step S3 to 1.5 times (127.5 °C) the complete dissolution temperature T m of the solute at a set heating rate of 0.8 °C / min, and keep it warm for 6 min to completely dissolve it. Temperature data is transmitted to the data recorder in real time through temperature measuring instruments respectively set in the heat transfer medium and the solution;

[0059] Use a viscometer to measure the viscosity change of the solution. When the conductivity σ is 1, the value η of the viscometer is corrected to zero, and the viscosity values at other conductivities are converted according to the standard, where is the measured value at this conductivity, and the data is transmitted to the data recorder. Use a conductivity meter to measure the conductivity change of the solution, and transmit the data to the control system and the data recorder respectively. The control system normalizes the conductivity meter according to the standard that the conductivity at complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity at complete solidification is recorded as 0, and then controls the camera parameters according to different conductivity situations:

[0060] When 0.95 < σ < 1, control the camera magnification to 80 times for shooting;

[0061] When 0.8 < σ ≤ 0.95, control the camera magnification to 300 times for shooting;

[0062] When 0.2 < σ ≤ 0.8, control the camera magnification to 700 times for shooting;

[0063] When 0.0 < σ ≤ 0.2, control the camera magnification to 1600 times for shooting;

[0064] S5, the temperature parameters, viscosity, conductivity and solute changes recorded by the data recorder are statistically analyzed by combining parameter fitting and machine learning to obtain the relationship between the temperature parameters of the metal melt and the viscosity, conductivity and solute change state, so as to simulate the overheating behavior of the metal melt.

[0065] By establishing a model of conductivity, viscosity and observation of dendrite changes, statistical analysis found that when the temperature reaches about 118°C, the dendrites are completely dissolved, and the conductivity and viscosity of the solution begin to remain stable; through the similarity principle , according to the similarity between the simulated solution and the aluminum alloy, the solidification similarity coefficient is set is 5, so the appropriate overheat treatment temperature of the aluminum alloy is 800℃.

[0066] The solution in this embodiment was cooled at 3°C / min to a completely solidified state, and photographed with a camera at a magnification of 200 times, and it was found that the crystals in the solidified phase were uniform and small. At the same time, based on the experimental verification of the grain size and properties of the aforementioned aluminum alloy, it was found that compared with the traditional process controlling the overheat treatment at 720°C, the alloy treated at the treatment temperature obtained by the simulation method of this embodiment had a grain size refined by 8% and a tensile strength increased by 50 MPa, which obviously effectively improved the structure and properties of the alloy.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] A container and solution tank model is constructed according to a volume ratio of 2:1 between the heating furnace and the container. The solution tank is set in the container, a heating device is set in the container, a cooling water pipe is wrapped around the container wall, thermometers are set in the container and the solution tank respectively, a conductivity meter and a viscometer are also set in the solution tank, and a high-speed camera is set above the container. The thermometer, conductivity meter, viscometer and high-speed camera are electrically connected to the data recorder, and the conductivity meter and high-speed camera are also electrically connected to the control system.

[0069] S1, adding a heat transfer medium, a solute and a solvent into the simulation device, selecting water as the solvent and sodium thiosulfate as the solute in a molar ratio of 8:1 according to the solidification and melting characteristics of Ti-strengthened C700L automobile beam steel, and placing the solute and the solvent into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank, and the liquid level of the heat transfer medium is at the same height as the liquid level in the solution tank;

[0070] S2, heating the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to the complete dissolution temperature T of the solute m 1.05 times of (59°C), stirring thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;

[0071] S3, cooling the obtained solution to the solidification temperature T of the solution s 0.95 times (-6°C) to obtain a mixture containing solutes in substantially uniform form;

[0072] S4. Heat the mixture obtained in step S3 at a set heating rate of 1 °C / min to the solute complete dissolution temperature T m by 1.5 times (84 °C), hold for 8 min to completely dissolve it, and transmit temperature data to the data recorder in real time through thermometers respectively set in the heat transfer medium and the solution;

[0073] Measure the viscosity change of the solution using a viscometer. Zero-correct the value η of the viscometer corresponding to a conductivity σ of 1, and the viscosity values at other conductivities According to the standard for conversion, where, is the measured value at this conductivity, and transmit the data to the data recorder. Measure the conductivity change of the solution using a conductivity meter, and transmit the data to the control system and the data recorder respectively. The control system normalizes the conductivity meter according to the standard that the conductivity at complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity at complete solidification is recorded as 0, and then controls the camera parameters according to different conductivity situations:

[0074] When 0.95 < σ < 1, control the camera magnification to 80 times for shooting;

[0075] When 0.8 < σ ≤ 0.95, control the camera magnification to 300 times for shooting;

[0076] When 0.2 < σ ≤ 0.8, control the camera magnification to 700 times for shooting;

[0077] When 0.0 < σ ≤ 0.2, control the camera magnification to 1600 times for shooting;

[0078] Cool the completely dissolved solution to 0.95 times the solidification temperature of the solution (-6 °C) to obtain a mixture containing solute with substantially the same morphology again;

[0079] Heat the mixture obtained in step S3 again at a heating rate of 1 °C / min to 1.5 times the solute complete dissolution temperature T m by (84 °C), hold for 8 min to completely dissolve it, and transmit temperature data to the data recorder in real time through thermometers respectively set in the heat transfer medium and the solution;

[0080] Measure the viscosity change of the solution using a viscometer. Zero-correct the value η of the viscometer corresponding to a conductivity of 1, and the viscosity values at other conductivities According to the standard for conversion, where, is the measured value at this conductivity, and the data is transmitted to the data recorder. The conductivity meter is used to measure the change in the conductivity of the solution, and the data is transmitted to the control system and the data recorder respectively. The control system normalizes the conductivity meter according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0, and then controls the camera parameters according to different conductivity situations:

[0081] When 0.95 < σ < 1, control the camera magnification to 80 times for shooting;

[0082] When 0.8 < σ ≤ 0.95, control the camera magnification to 300 times for shooting;

[0083] When 0.2 < σ ≤ 0.8, control the camera magnification to 700 times for shooting;

[0084] When 0.0 < σ ≤ 0.2, control the camera magnification to 1600 times for shooting;

[0085] S5. Statistically analyze the temperature parameters, viscosity, conductivity, and solute changes recorded by the data recorder, and analyze them by combining parameter fitting and machine learning to obtain the relationship between the temperature parameters of the molten metal and the viscosity, conductivity, and solute change state, so as to simulate the superheat behavior of the molten metal.

[0086] By establishing a model for the changes in conductivity, viscosity, and observed dendrites, statistical analysis shows that when the temperature reaches about 79 °C, the dendrites are completely dissolved, and at this time, the conductivity and viscosity of the solution begin to remain stable; through the similarity principle , according to the similarity between the simulated solution and the molten steel, set the solidification similarity coefficient to 10, and it is appropriate to convert the overheat treatment temperature of this steel to 1560 °C.

[0087] Cool the solution in this example to the completely solidified state at 3 °C / min. Using a 200-fold camera magnification for shooting, it is found that the crystals in the solidification phase are uniform and fine. At the same time, according to the experimental verification of the grain size and performance of the aforementioned aluminum alloy, compared with the traditional process control of overheat treatment at 1520 °C, the steel with the treatment temperature obtained by the simulation method of this example has a 3.5% refinement in grain size, a 5% increase in elongation, a 7% increase in hardness, and a 25 MPa increase in tensile strength, obviously effectively improving the structure and performance of the steel.

[0088] It should be noted that according to the above embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can fully implement the entire scope of the independent claims and dependent claims of the present invention, and the implementation process and method are the same as those of the above embodiments; moreover, the parts not elaborated in detail in the present invention belong to the well-known technology in the art. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person familiar with the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation method for overheating treatment of metal melt, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Construct a simulation device that simulates the melting and solidification of molten metal according to the similarity principle. Add a heat transfer medium, solute, and solvent to the simulation device. The solute and solvent are placed into the heat transfer medium through a solution tank. The liquid level height of the heat transfer medium is not lower than the liquid level height in the solution tank and not higher than the top height of the solution tank. The solute includes one or more of niacinamide, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, lead iodide, salicylic acid, citric acid, vitamin C, ammonium chloride, and sodium thiosulfate. The solvent includes water, alcohol, or oil. S2. Heat the heat transfer medium in the simulation device to 1 - 1.1 times the complete dissolution temperature Tm of the solute, and stir thoroughly to obtain a uniformly mixed solution. S3. Cool the solution obtained in step S2 to 0.95 - 1.05 times the solution solidification temperature Ts to obtain a mixture containing solutes with substantially the same morphology. S4. According to the conversion of the actual working conditions, heat the mixture obtained in step S3 to more than 1.5 times the complete dissolution temperature Tm of the solute at a set heating rate, keep it warm for a period of time to completely dissolve it, obtain the real-time conductivity and viscosity values in the model, and control the camera to capture images according to the change of conductivity to obtain the size and distribution of the crystalline substance. The control mechanism is carried out according to the following criteria: When 0.95 < σ < 1, control the camera magnification to 40 - 200 times for shooting. When 0.8 < σ ≤ 0.95, control the camera magnification to 200 - 500 times for shooting. When 0.2 < σ ≤ 0.8, control the camera magnification to 500 - 1000 times for shooting. When 0.0 < σ ≤ 0.2, control the camera magnification to 1000 - 2000 times for shooting. where σ is the conductivity, and the conductivity needs to be normalized according to the standard that the conductivity of complete dissolution is recorded as 1 and the conductivity of complete solidification is recorded as 0. Zero calibration needs to be performed before or after obtaining the viscosity value. Specifically, the viscosity value η corresponding to the viscometer when the conductivity σ is 0.985 - 1 is calibrated to zero, and the viscosity values at other conductivities shall be converted according to , where is the measured value at this conductivity; S5. Establish a mathematical model of the size, distribution of the crystalline substance, temperature, viscosity, and conductivity by statistically analyzing the data obtained in step S4. S6. Obtain the simulated optimal superheat temperature according to the mathematical model and obtain the actual optimal superheat temperature of the simulated molten metal through the similarity principle. The simulated optimal superheat temperature is the critical temperature at which the solute is completely dissolved and the conductivity and viscosity remain stable.

2. The analog method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes repeatedly implementing steps S3 - S4 multiple times before performing step S5, where in step S3, the solution obtained in step S2 is cooled and replaced with the solution obtained in step S4.

3. The analog method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the heating is carried out by using the heat transfer of the heat transfer medium, and the heat transfer medium includes one or more of water, liquid nitrogen, supercooled water, oil, metal, and graphite.

4. The analog method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step S3, the model is realized by adopting a method combining parameter fitting and machine learning.

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