Display method and display device of two-quantum-bit system and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a display method and device of a two-quantum-bit system and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining simplified geometric representation parameters of the two-quantum-bit system from the two-quantum-bit system in response to a display instruction, and effectively displaying the simplified geometric representation parameters in a three-dimensional space, thereby giving more visual understanding and feeling to human thinking. Firstly, two quantum bits correspond to a bit complex matrix; performing conversion processing on the bit complex matrix by using a matrix conversion formula to obtain a bubble nick parameter set which comprises a plurality of initial three-dimensional real vectors and an initial real matrix; based on a target decomposition algorithm, performing decomposition processing on the bubble nick parameter set to obtain a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors; and according to the plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit, generating target display information and displaying the target display information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and more specifically, to a display method, a display device and an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product for a two-qubit system. Background Art

[0002] Quantum information is more complex than classical information, which makes it difficult for human beings to intuitively perceive the characteristics of quantum information. This makes it difficult to efficiently design quantum algorithms and quantum programs, limiting the full potential of quantum computing and quantum information. Therefore, it is particularly urgent and important to design excellent methods to visualize complex quantum information in a three-dimensional space that humans can intuitively perceive. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a display method, a display device and an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product for a two-qubit system.

[0004] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for displaying a two-qubit system, comprising:

[0005] In response to the display instruction, two quantum bits are obtained from the two-qubit system, wherein the state description of the two quantum bits corresponds to a bit complex matrix;

[0006] The bit complex matrix is ​​transformed by using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, wherein the Pauli parameter set includes a plurality of initial three-dimensional real vectors and an initial real matrix;

[0007] Decomposing the above-mentioned Pauli parameter set based on the target decomposition algorithm, a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors are obtained;

[0008] According to the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each of the quantum bits, target display information is generated and displayed.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned multiple initial three-dimensional real vectors include a first local information vector and a second local information vector;

[0010] The above bit complex matrix is ​​transformed using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, including:

[0011] Performing a transformation process on the bit complex matrix based on a first transformation formula to obtain the first local information vector;

[0012] Performing a transformation process on the bit complex matrix based on a second transformation formula to obtain the second local information vector;

[0013] The bit complex matrix is ​​transformed based on the third transformation formula to obtain the initial real matrix.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first conversion formula is shown in formula (1), and the second conversion formula is shown in formula (2).

[0015] (1)

[0016] (2)

[0017] (3)

[0018] in, is the first local information vector Elements of is the second local information vector Elements of are the elements of the initial real matrix T, and the values ​​of k and j are 1, 2, and 3. , When k is 1, 2, or 3, it represents three Pauli matrices, I is the unit matrix, It means to find the trace of a matrix.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned Pauli parameter set is decomposed based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors, including:

[0020] Performing singular value decomposition processing on the initial real matrix to obtain a target real matrix, wherein the target real matrix includes two real orthogonal matrices and a real diagonal matrix;

[0021] Based on the two real orthogonal matrices mentioned above, a plurality of the above target three-dimensional real vectors are generated.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned multiple initial three-dimensional real vectors include a first local information vector and a second local information vector;

[0023] Wherein, according to the two real orthogonal matrices, a plurality of the above-mentioned target three-dimensional real vectors are generated, including:

[0024] Based on the two real orthogonal matrices, a first target information vector and a second target information vector are generated respectively according to the first local information vector and the second local information vector;

[0025] According to the real parameters of the above-mentioned real diagonal matrix, an association relationship vector is generated, wherein the multiple above-mentioned target three-dimensional real vectors include the above-mentioned first target information vector, the above-mentioned second target information vector and the above-mentioned association relationship vector.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first target information vector As shown in formula (4), the second target information vector As shown in formula (5):

[0027] (4)

[0028] (5)

[0029] Where, T = SDV, the target real matrix T includes two real orthogonal matrices S, V and a real diagonal matrix D, and are the inverse matrices of the real orthogonal matrices S and V, respectively. is the first local information vector, is the second local information vector.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of above-mentioned target three-dimensional real vectors include a first target information vector, a second target information vector and an association relationship vector;

[0031] Wherein, according to the plurality of the above-mentioned target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each of the above-mentioned quantum bits, the target display information is generated, including:

[0032] The first target information vector, the association relationship vector and the second target information vector are sequentially connected in the two Bloch sphere coordinate systems to obtain the target display information.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first target information vector, the association relationship vector and the second target information vector are sequentially connected in the two Bloch sphere coordinate systems to obtain the target display information, including:

[0034] Constructing the Bloch sphere coordinate system with the vector end of the first target information vector;

[0035] Connecting the vector head of the above-mentioned association relationship vector to the vector end of the above-mentioned first target information vector, and constructing the second above-mentioned Bloch sphere coordinate system with the vector end of the above-mentioned association relationship vector;

[0036] The vector head end of the second target information vector is connected to the vector end of the association relationship vector to obtain the target display information.

[0037] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a demonstration device of a two-qubit system, comprising:

[0038] An acquisition module, configured to acquire two quantum bits from the two-qubit system in response to a display instruction, wherein the state description of the two quantum bits corresponds to a bit complex matrix;

[0039] A conversion module, used for converting the bit complex matrix using a matrix conversion formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, wherein the Pauli parameter set includes a plurality of initial three-dimensional real vectors and an initial real matrix;

[0040] A decomposition module is used to decompose the Pauli parameter set based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain multiple target three-dimensional real vectors;

[0041] A generation module is used to generate target display information and display the target display information based on the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each of the above quantum bits.

[0042] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0043] one or more processors;

[0044] a memory for storing one or more programs,

[0045] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method as described above.

[0046] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the above method when executed.

[0047] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program product, which includes computer executable instructions, and when the instructions are executed, are used to implement the method as described above.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, two quantum bits are obtained from a two-qubit system, and the bit complex matrix is ​​transformed using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set. The Pauli parameter set is decomposed based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain multiple target three-dimensional real vectors. According to the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit, target display information is generated and displayed. The display method of the two-qubit system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively visualize the complex quantum information of the two-qubit system in three-dimensional space without affecting the quantum characteristics of the quantum system such as entanglement and non-locality. This method enriches the means of effectively perceiving multi-body quantum systems, and can further promote the development of applications such as quantum computing and quantum information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0050] Figure 1 A flow chart schematically shows a method for displaying a two-qubit system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 2 Schematically shows a display diagram of target display information according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of displaying target display information according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0053] Figure 4 Schematically shows a display diagram of target display information according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 5 Schematically shows a display diagram of target display information according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] Figure 6 A block diagram schematically shows a display device of a two-qubit system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] Figure 7 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing the method described above according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0058] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0059] All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0060] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", they should generally be interpreted according to the meaning of the expression commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.).

[0061] The most basic information unit of quantum information is the quantum bit, and two or more quantum bits together form a multi-body quantum system, which will have properties such as quantum entanglement and quantum non-locality that do not exist in the classical world. These properties are also the fundamental reason why quantum computing and quantum information have huge potential advantages over classical technology. A single quantum bit system is completely described by three real numbers under the Pauli basis, so it can be equivalently represented in three-dimensional space by a Bloch sphere, allowing humans to intuitively feel the information of a single quantum bit. The simplest multi-body quantum system is a two-qubit system composed of two quantum bits. A general two-qubit system is completely described by 15 real numbers under the Pauli basis, so it cannot be effectively presented in three-dimensional space at present.

[0062] In view of this, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display method, a display device and an electronic device for a two-qubit system, the method comprising obtaining two qubits from the two-qubit system in response to a display instruction, wherein the two qubits correspond to a bit complex matrix; using a matrix conversion formula to transform the bit complex matrix to obtain a Pauliki parameter set, wherein the Pauliki parameter set includes multiple initial three-dimensional real vectors and an initial real matrix; decomposing the Pauliki parameter set based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain multiple target three-dimensional real vectors; generating target display information according to the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each qubit and displaying the target display information.

[0063] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the collection, updating, analysis, processing, use, transmission, provision, disclosure, storage, etc. of the data involved (for example, including but not limited to user personal information) are in compliance with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations, are used for legitimate purposes, and do not violate public order and good morals. In particular, necessary measures are taken for user personal information to prevent illegal access to user personal information data and maintain the security of user personal information and network security.

[0064] Figure 1 The flowchart of the display method of the two-qubit system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the display method of the two-qubit system includes operations S101~S104.

[0066] In operation S101, in response to a display instruction, two quantum bits are obtained from a two-qubit system, wherein a state description of the two quantum bits corresponds to a bit complex matrix;

[0067] In operation S102, the bit complex matrix is ​​transformed using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, wherein the Pauli parameter set includes a plurality of initial three-dimensional real vectors and an initial real matrix;

[0068] In operation S103, the Pauli parameter set is decomposed based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors;

[0069] In operation S104, target display information is generated and displayed according to the plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit.

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the display instruction may be a corresponding operation input by a user on an electronic device such as a mobile phone or a computer, and the electronic device automatically generates the display instruction in response to the operation.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in response to the display instruction, two quantum bits can be obtained from any two-qubit system, and the two quantum bits correspond to a 4×4 bit complex matrix A. The bit complex matrix is ​​transformed using the matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, which includes two initial three-dimensional real vectors and , a 3×3 initial real matrix T, with a total of 15 real parameters.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the Pauli parameter set is decomposed based on the target decomposition algorithm to obtain multiple target three-dimensional real vectors, such as three three-dimensional real vectors , , A total of 9 real parameters. According to multiple target three-dimensional real vectors , , and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit, to generate target display information, thereby displaying the target display information to the user, the target display information representing two quantum bit information.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, two quantum bits are obtained from a two-qubit system, and the bit complex matrix is ​​transformed using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set. The Pauli parameter set is decomposed based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain multiple target three-dimensional real vectors. According to the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit, target display information is generated and displayed. The display method of the two-qubit system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively visualize the complex quantum information of the two-qubit system in three-dimensional space without affecting the quantum characteristics of the quantum system such as entanglement and non-locality. This method enriches the means of effectively perceiving multi-body quantum systems, and can further promote the development of applications such as quantum computing and quantum information.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple initial three-dimensional real vectors include a first local information vector and a second local information vector.

[0075] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a bit complex matrix is ​​transformed using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, including:

[0076] Performing a conversion process on the bit complex matrix based on a first conversion formula to obtain a first local information vector;

[0077] The bit complex matrix is ​​transformed based on a second transformation formula to obtain a second local information vector;

[0078] The bit complex matrix is ​​transformed based on the third transformation formula to obtain an initial real matrix.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first conversion formula is shown in formula (1), and the second conversion formula is shown in formula (2).

[0080] (1)

[0081] (2)

[0082] (3)

[0083] in, is the first local information vector Elements of is the second local information vector Elements of are the elements of the initial real matrix T, and the values ​​of k and j are 1, 2, and 3. , When k is 1, 2, or 3, it represents three Pauli matrices, I is the unit matrix, It means to find the trace of a matrix.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the Pauli parameter set is decomposed based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors, including:

[0085] Performing singular value decomposition processing on the initial real matrix to obtain a target real matrix, wherein the target real matrix includes two real orthogonal matrices and a real diagonal matrix;

[0086] Generate multiple target three-dimensional real vectors based on two real orthogonal matrices.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial real matrix T is subjected to singular value decomposition to obtain a target real matrix T', wherein the target real matrix T' includes two real orthogonal matrices S and V and a real diagonal matrix D. Wherein, T'= SDV, S and V are 3×3 real orthogonal matrices respectively.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of initial three-dimensional real vectors include a first local information vector and the second local information vector .

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, after determining the target real matrix T'= SDV, the evolving unitary operators U1 and U2 on a single quantum bit are found so that the parameter change matrices under their Pauli basis are the inverse matrices of S and V, respectively.

[0090] Applying unitary operator operations U1 and U2 to two qubits respectively will not affect the quantum properties of the two-qubit quantum system, such as entanglement and nonlocality. The corresponding parameter representation under the Pauli basis will become a three-dimensional real vector and , and a real diagonal matrix D;

[0091] The three real parameters of the real diagonal matrix D can be expressed as three-dimensional real vectors Instead of expressing it as , , A total of 9 actual parameters are used to represent the equivalent.

[0092] Specifically, multiple target three-dimensional real vectors are generated according to two real orthogonal matrices, including:

[0093] Based on two real orthogonal matrices, generating a first target information vector and a second target information vector respectively according to the first local information vector and the second local information vector;

[0094] An association relationship vector is generated according to the real parameters of the real diagonal matrix, wherein the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors include a first target information vector, a second target information vector and an association relationship vector.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first target information vector As shown in formula (4), the second target information vector As shown in formula (5):

[0096] (4)

[0097] (5)

[0098] Where, T = SDV, the target real matrix T includes two real orthogonal matrices S, V and a real diagonal matrix D, and are the inverse matrices of the real orthogonal matrices S and V, respectively. is the first local information vector, is the second local information vector.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the three real parameters of the real diagonal matrix D can be represented by three-dimensional real vectors Instead, is the association vector.

[0100] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors include a first target information vector, a second target information vector and an association relationship vector.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, target display information is generated according to a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors and a Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit, including:

[0102] The first target information vector, the association relationship vector and the second target information vector are sequentially connected in two Bloch sphere coordinate systems to obtain target display information.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first target information vector As a benchmark, the vector association relationship vector is connected successively and the second target information vector , a geometric representation in three-dimensional space can be formed.

[0104] Specifically, the first target information vector, the association relationship vector, and the second target information vector are sequentially connected in two Bloch sphere coordinate systems to obtain target display information, including:

[0105] A Bloch sphere coordinate system is constructed with the vector end of the first target information vector;

[0106] Connecting the vector head of the association relationship vector to the vector end of the first target information vector, and constructing a second Bloch sphere coordinate system with the vector end of the association relationship vector;

[0107] The vector head end of the second target information vector is connected to the vector end end of the association relationship vector to obtain the target display information.

[0108] Figure 2 The following schematic diagram shows a display diagram of target presentation information according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0109] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of the present disclosure optimizes the parameters of any two-qubit quantum system under the Pauli basis by performing local unitary operations on two single qubits respectively, and finally simplifies it into three three-dimensional real vectors, namely, the first target information vector , the second target information vector , association relationship vector , and splicing these three directions in three-dimensional space, the method disclosed in this disclosure effectively visualizes the complex two-qubit system in three-dimensional space, as shown below Figure 2 Shown in red vector.

[0110] Figure 3 The following schematic diagram shows a display diagram of target presentation information according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0111] In a specific embodiment, two quantum bits are the most basic separable states. , whose representation parameters under the Pauli basis are the first local information vector , the second local information vector And the initial real matrix T = ,Since the initial real matrix T is already in a diagonal state, the intermediate steps can be omitted and the three-dimensional real vector , and Proceed as Figure 3 Visual representation shown.

[0112] Figure 4 The following schematic diagram shows a display diagram of target presentation information according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0113] In another specific embodiment, there is entanglement between two quantum bits, that is, an entangled state , whose representation parameters under the Pauli basis are the first local information vector , the second local information vector And the initial real matrix T = , the method disclosed in the present invention can be used to obtain Figure 4 The only geometric representation shown is in three-dimensional space.

[0114] Figure 5The following schematic diagram shows a display diagram of target presentation information according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0115] In another specific embodiment, a density matrix A representing the state of a two-qubit system is randomly generated, that is, a bit complex matrix, and its parameters are as follows:

[0116]

[0117] The parameters of this state under the Pauli basis are expressed as the first local information vector , the second local information vector , and the initial real matrix . Perform singular value decomposition on the matrix T and obtain the eigenvalue vector , for the first local information vector With the second local information vector Make the corresponding transformation to get the first target information vector , the second target information vector Finally, the three-dimensional geometric representation parameters are determined. , and , which is expressed in three-dimensional space as Figure 5 shown.

[0118] Figure 6 A block diagram of a demonstration device of a two-qubit system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0119] like Figure 6 As shown, the demonstration device 600 of the two-qubit system includes an acquisition module 610 , a conversion module 620 , a decomposition module 630 , and a generation module 640 .

[0120] An acquisition module 610 is used to acquire two quantum bits from a two-qubit system in response to a display instruction, wherein the state description of the two quantum bits corresponds to a bit complex matrix;

[0121] A conversion module 620, configured to convert the bit complex matrix using a matrix conversion formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, wherein the Pauli parameter set includes a plurality of initial three-dimensional real vectors and an initial real matrix;

[0122] A decomposition module 630 is used to decompose the Pauli parameter set based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors;

[0123] The generation module 640 is used to generate target display information and display the target display information according to multiple target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit.

[0124] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, two quantum bits are obtained from a two-qubit system, and the bit complex matrix is ​​transformed using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set. The Pauli parameter set is decomposed based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain multiple target three-dimensional real vectors. According to the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit, target display information is generated and displayed. The display method of the two-qubit system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively visualize the complex quantum information of the two-qubit system in three-dimensional space without affecting the quantum characteristics of the quantum system such as entanglement and non-locality. This method enriches the means of effectively perceiving multi-body quantum systems, and can further promote the development of applications such as quantum computing and quantum information.

[0125] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple initial three-dimensional real vectors include a first local information vector and a second local information vector.

[0126] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the conversion module 620 includes:

[0127] A first conversion unit, configured to perform conversion processing on the bit complex matrix based on a first conversion formula to obtain a first local information vector;

[0128] A second conversion unit, configured to perform conversion processing on the bit complex matrix based on a second conversion formula to obtain a second local information vector;

[0129] The third conversion unit is used to perform conversion processing on the bit complex matrix based on a third conversion formula to obtain an initial real matrix.

[0130] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the decomposition module 630 includes:

[0131] A decomposition unit, used for performing singular value decomposition processing on the initial real matrix to obtain a target real matrix, wherein the target real matrix includes two real orthogonal matrices and a real diagonal matrix;

[0132] The generating unit is used for generating a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors according to two real orthogonal matrices.

[0133] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple initial three-dimensional real vectors include a first local information vector and a second local information vector.

[0134] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the generating unit includes:

[0135] A first generating subunit is used to generate a first target information vector and a second target information vector respectively according to the first local information vector and the second local information vector based on two real orthogonal matrices;

[0136] The second generating subunit is used to generate an association relationship vector according to the real parameters of the real diagonal matrix, wherein the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors include a first target information vector, a second target information vector and an association relationship vector.

[0137] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors include a first target information vector, a second target information vector and an association relationship vector.

[0138] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the generation module 640 includes:

[0139] The obtaining unit is used to sequentially connect the first target information vector, the association relationship vector and the second target information vector in two Bloch sphere coordinate systems to obtain target display information.

[0140] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the obtaining unit includes:

[0141] A first construction subunit is used to construct a Bloch sphere coordinate system with the vector end of the first target information vector;

[0142] A second construction subunit is used to connect the vector head end of the association relationship vector with the vector end of the first target information vector, and to construct a second Bloch sphere coordinate system with the vector end of the association relationship vector;

[0143] The obtaining subunit is used to connect the vector head end of the second target information vector with the vector end end of the association relationship vector to obtain the target display information.

[0144] According to the embodiments of the present invention, any one or more of the modules, units, and sub-units, or at least part of the functions of any one of them, can be implemented in one module. According to the embodiments of the present invention, any one or more of the modules, units, and sub-units can be split into multiple modules for implementation. According to the embodiments of the present invention, any one or more of the modules, units, and sub-units can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented by hardware or firmware in any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging the circuit, or in any one of the three implementation methods of software, hardware, and firmware, or in any appropriate combination of any of them. Alternatively, according to the embodiments of the present invention, one or more of the modules, units, and sub-units can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, and when the computer program module is run, the corresponding function can be performed.

[0145] For example, any multiple of the acquisition module 610, the conversion module 620, the decomposition module 630, and the generation module 640 can be combined in one module / unit / sub-unit for implementation, or any one of the modules / units / sub-units can be split into multiple modules / units / sub-units. Alternatively, at least part of the functions of one or more of these modules / units / sub-units can be combined with at least part of the functions of other modules / units / sub-units and implemented in one module / unit / sub-unit. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the acquisition module 610, the conversion module 620, the decomposition module 630, and the generation module 640 can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented by hardware or firmware such as any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging the circuit, or implemented in any one of the three implementation methods of software, hardware, and firmware or in a suitable combination of any of them. Alternatively, at least one of the acquisition module 610 , the conversion module 620 , the decomposition module 630 , and the generation module 640 may be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, and when the computer program module is executed, the corresponding function may be executed.

[0146] It should be noted that the display device part of the two-qubit system in the embodiment of the present disclosure corresponds to the display method part of the two-qubit system in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The description of the display device part of the two-qubit system specifically refers to the display method part of the two-qubit system, which will not be repeated here.

[0147] Figure 7 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing the method described above according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown. Figure 7 The electronic device shown is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0148] like Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a processor 701, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 702 or a program loaded from a storage part 708 to a random access memory (RAM) 703. The processor 701 may include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor (such as a CPU), an instruction set processor and / or a related chipset and / or a special-purpose microprocessor (for example, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), etc. The processor 701 may also include an onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor 701 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0149] In RAM 703, various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 700 are stored. Processor 701, ROM 702 and RAM 703 are connected to each other via bus 704. Processor 701 performs various operations of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the program in ROM 702 and / or RAM 703. It should be noted that the program can also be stored in one or more memories other than ROM 702 and RAM 703. Processor 701 can also perform various operations of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the program stored in the one or more memories.

[0150] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device 700 may further include an input / output (I / O) interface 705, which is also connected to the bus 704. The electronic device 700 may further include one or more of the following components connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 705: an input portion 706 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output portion 707 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage portion 708 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication portion 709 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, etc. The communication portion 709 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 710 is also connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 705 as needed. A removable medium 711, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 710 as needed, so that a computer program read therefrom is installed into the storage portion 708 as needed.

[0151] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program contains a program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from the network through the communication part 709, and / or installed from the removable medium 711. When the computer program is executed by the processor 701, the above-mentioned functions defined in the system of the embodiment of the present disclosure are executed. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system, equipment, device, module, unit, etc. described above can be implemented by a computer program module.

[0152] The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or may exist independently without being assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The above computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, and when the above one or more programs are executed, the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented.

[0153] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. For example, it may include, but is not limited to: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that may be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0154] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may include the ROM 702 and / or the RAM 703 described above and / or one or more memories other than the ROM 702 and the RAM 703 .

[0155] The embodiments of the present disclosure also include a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and the computer program contains program code for executing the method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. When the computer program product runs on an electronic device, the program code is used to enable the electronic device to implement the method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0156] When the computer program is executed by the processor 701, the above functions defined in the system / device of the embodiment of the present disclosure are executed. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the system, device, module, unit, etc. described above can be implemented by a computer program module.

[0157] In one embodiment, the computer program may rely on tangible storage media such as optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, etc. In another embodiment, the computer program may also be transmitted and distributed in the form of signals on a network medium, and downloaded and installed through the communication part 709, and / or installed from the removable medium 711. The program code contained in the computer program may be transmitted using any appropriate network medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0158] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the program code for executing the computer program provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computing programs can be implemented using high-level process and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. Programming languages ​​include, but are not limited to, Java, C++, python, "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, partially on the remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the case of a remote computing device, the remote computing device can be connected to the user computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computing device (for example, using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0159] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible implementation architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of a code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box may also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the features recorded in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or combined in a variety of ways, even if such a combination or combination is not explicitly recorded in the present disclosure. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teaching of the present disclosure, the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and / or combined in a variety of ways. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0160] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. However, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used in combination to advantage. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make a variety of substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for displaying a two-qubit system, characterized in that: include: In response to the display instruction, two quantum bits are obtained from the two-qubit system, wherein the state description of the two quantum bits corresponds to a bit complex matrix; The bit complex matrix is ​​transformed by using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, wherein the Pauli parameter set includes a plurality of initial three-dimensional real vectors and an initial real matrix; Decomposing the Pauli parameter set based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors; According to the plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each of the quantum bits, target display information is generated and displayed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple initial three-dimensional real vectors include a first local information vector and a second local information vector; The bit complex matrix is ​​transformed using a matrix transformation formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, including: Performing a conversion process on the bit complex matrix based on a first conversion formula to obtain the first local information vector; Performing a transformation process on the bit complex matrix based on a second transformation formula to obtain the second local information vector; The bit complex matrix is ​​transformed based on a third transformation formula to obtain the initial real matrix.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first conversion formula is shown in formula (1), and the second conversion formula is shown in formula (2). （1） （2） （3） in, is the first local information vector Elements of is the second local information vector Elements of are the elements of the initial real matrix T, and the values ​​of k and j are 1, 2, and 3. , When k is 1, 2, or 3, it represents three Pauli matrices, I is the unit matrix, It means to find the trace of a matrix.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Pauli parameter set is decomposed based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors, including: Performing singular value decomposition processing on the initial real matrix to obtain a target real matrix, wherein the target real matrix includes two real orthogonal matrices and a real diagonal matrix; A plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors are generated according to the two real orthogonal matrices.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The multiple initial three-dimensional real vectors include a first local information vector and a second local information vector; Wherein, generating a plurality of the target three-dimensional real vectors according to the two real orthogonal matrices comprises: Based on the two real orthogonal matrices, respectively generate a first target information vector and a second target information vector according to the first local information vector and the second local information vector; An association relationship vector is generated according to the real parameters of the real diagonal matrix, wherein the plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors include the first target information vector, the second target information vector and the association relationship vector.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that First target information vector As shown in formula (4), the second target information vector As shown in formula (5): （4） （5） Where, T = SDV, the target real matrix T includes two real orthogonal matrices S, V and a real diagonal matrix D, and are the inverse matrices of the real orthogonal matrices S and V, respectively. is the first local information vector, is the second local information vector.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors include a first target information vector, a second target information vector and an association relationship vector; Wherein, generating target display information according to the plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each of the quantum bits includes: The first target information vector, the association relationship vector and the second target information vector are sequentially connected in the two Bloch sphere coordinate systems to obtain the target display information.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The first target information vector, the association relationship vector and the second target information vector are sequentially connected in the two Bloch sphere coordinate systems to obtain the target display information, including: Constructing a Bloch sphere coordinate system with the vector end of the first target information vector; Connecting the vector head end of the association relationship vector to the vector end of the first target information vector, and constructing a second Bloch sphere coordinate system with the vector end of the association relationship vector; The vector head end of the second target information vector is connected to the vector end end of the association relationship vector to obtain the target display information.

9. A display device for a two-qubit system, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, configured to acquire two quantum bits from the two-qubit system in response to a display instruction, wherein the state description of the two quantum bits corresponds to a bit complex matrix; A conversion module, used for converting the bit complex matrix using a matrix conversion formula to obtain a Pauli parameter set, wherein the Pauli parameter set includes a plurality of initial three-dimensional real vectors and an initial real matrix; A decomposition module, used for decomposing the Pauli parameter set based on a target decomposition algorithm to obtain a plurality of target three-dimensional real vectors; A generation module is used to generate target display information and display the target display information according to the multiple target three-dimensional real vectors and the Bloch sphere coordinate system corresponding to each quantum bit.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more programs, When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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