Monitoring and early warning system for railway roadbed slope landslide and application method

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitoring and early warning system for railway roadbed slope landslide and an application method. The monitoring and early warning system comprises a monitor, a connecting device and a data processor. The monitor comprises a barrel-shaped shell, a vertical shaft, a vertical shaft support and a barrel external rib, the barrel-shaped shell is composed of a side wall, a top cover and a bottom cover, and the barrel external rib is formed by combining radial steel bar planting and annular steel bar planting. The connecting device comprises a connecting pipe, a connecting wire and a connector, the connecting wire is installed in the connecting pipe, the two ends of the connecting wire are connected to the vertical shafts of the two monitors respectively, and the connector is a component for connecting the connecting pipe and the monitors together. A strain collector is installed on the end portion wire of each connecting wire, and the strain collectors can collect strain of the end portion wires of the connecting wires in a timing mode and send the strain to the data processor. The application steps are as follows: (1) selecting a monitoring network layout area; (2) excavating a side slope soil body; (3) mounting related equipment in place, and burying the equipment into the side slope after debugging is completed; and (4) early warning is carried out according to specific conditions in the monitoring process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring and early warning of railway roadbed slope landslide. Background Art

[0002] Landslides on railway embankment slopes are very harmful to railways. They not only damage the lines and interrupt traffic, but also endanger track structures and facilities, and even cause traffic accidents.

[0003] At present, there are relatively many measures for the treatment of roadbed landslides, mainly including drainage, piling or building retaining walls, changing the properties of soil in the landslide area, etc. These measures have played a certain role in the treatment of roadbed landslides. However, in recent years, as the climate in the northwest region has become more and more humid, especially the gradual increase in rainfall, the original measures have been difficult to effectively prevent the landslide of the roadbed slope. Especially for some high-fill loess roadbeds, the possibility of landslides is further increased due to the collapsibility of loess. Under this situation, the monitoring and early warning of roadbed slope landslides are particularly important, but at present there is no high-precision roadbed landslide monitoring and early warning system, especially for railways. Based on the safety considerations of train operations, some equipment above the slope surface is not allowed to be installed, which makes it difficult to effectively monitor the slope landslide. Therefore, a system that can be buried in the roadbed slope and can effectively monitor and warn the roadbed slope landslide is urgently needed on site. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for monitoring and warning of railway embankment slope landslides, that is, to monitor and warn of railway embankment slope landslides by monitoring the displacement changes of the slope before the embankment landslide occurs.

[0005] The present invention is a monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment slope landslide and an application method. The monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment slope landslide comprises a monitor 1, a connecting device 2 and a data processor 3. The monitor 1 comprises a barrel-shaped shell 4, a vertical axis 5, a vertical axis bracket 6 and a barrel external implanted reinforcement 7; the connecting device 2 comprises a connecting pipe 8, a connecting wire 9 and a connector 10, and the end wire 9-1 of each connecting wire 9 is equipped with a strain collector 12. The barrel-shaped shell 4 consists of a side wall 4-1, a top cover 4-2 and a bottom cover 4-3. The side wall 4-1 is cylindrical, the bottom cover 4-3 is connected to the side wall 4-1, and the top cover 4-2 can be opened; the vertical axis 5 is fixed to the barrel-shaped shell 4 by a vertical axis bracket 6; the vertical axis bracket 6 comprises an upper and lower layer, which are respectively close to the upper and lower parts of the barrel-shaped shell 4; each layer of the vertical axis bracket 6 consists of three support rods 6-1, and the three support rods 6-1 are arranged at an equal angle of 120°.

[0006] The above-mentioned application method of the monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment slope landslide comprises the following steps: Step (1) selecting the area where the monitoring network is to be deployed, and determining the number of monitors 1 to be deployed and the length of the connecting pipe 8; Step (2) excavating the soil, the excavation depth is preferably such that the connecting pipe 8 is buried about 20 cm below the slope and the circular hole 11 of the monitor 1 is facing the connecting pipe 8; Step (3) Install the monitor 1 into the soil so that the vertical axis 5 is perpendicular to the slope surface; connect the connecting device 2 to the monitor 1; Step (4) Install the strain collector 12 in place, then fix the monitor 1, tighten the connecting wire 9, and cover the top cover 4-2 of the barrel-shaped shell 4 after checking that everything is correct; Step (5) Connect each device to the power supply and debug it, then bury the monitor 1 and the connecting pipe 8 with soil, and the monitoring and early warning system starts working; Step (6): During the monitoring process, the distance change Δ between each monitor 1 in the triangulated network 13 is l Based on this, the earliest possible location of landslide can be monitored, and then an early warning can be issued to remind relevant personnel to take appropriate measures to control the landslide.

[0007] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by measuring the slight movement of the slope point before the railway embankment landslide, the cause of the landslide and the location where the landslide may occur initially can be found, and timely warning can be given to take measures to prevent the landslide from occurring, which is of great significance. The structure of the present invention is relatively simple, highly practical, and has significant economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 Overall schematic diagram of the landslide monitoring and early warning system. Figure 2 This is a partial structural elevation diagram of the monitor. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the barrel shell structure. Figure 4 It is the II section view (top view of the vertical axis support), Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the external ribs of the barrel. Figure 6 This is the II-II section view (top view of the external ribs of the barrel). Figure 7 It is the structural diagram of the connection device. Figure 8 This is a stereogram of the connection device installation. Fig. 9 It is the III-III cross-sectional view (connection device installation cross-sectional view), Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the length of the connecting wire. Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular network layout of the monitoring and early warning system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The technical content of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1~Figure 5As shown, the monitoring and early warning system for slope landslide of the present invention includes three parts: a monitor 1, a connecting device 2 and a data processor 3. The monitor 1 includes a barrel-shaped shell 4, a vertical axis 5, a vertical axis bracket 6 and a barrel external embedded reinforcement 7. The barrel-shaped shell 4 is composed of three parts: a side wall 4-1, a top cover 4-2 and a bottom cover 4-3. The side wall 4-1 is cylindrical, the bottom cover 4-3 is connected to the side wall 4-1, and the top cover 4-2 can be opened. The vertical axis 5 is the main axis for fixing the strain device, and is fixed to the barrel-shaped shell 4 by the vertical axis bracket 6. The vertical axis bracket 6 includes two layers, one upper layer and one lower layer, which are respectively close to the upper and lower parts of the barrel-shaped shell 4 and are used to connect the top and bottom of the vertical axis 5. Each layer of the vertical axis bracket 6 is composed of three support rods 6-1, and the three support rods 6-1 are arranged at an equal angle of 120°.

[0010] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the barrel-shaped shell 4 of the monitor 1 is provided with barrel external reinforcement 7, and the barrel external reinforcement 7 is only provided on the outside of the side wall 4-1 of the barrel-shaped shell 4. The barrel external reinforcement 7 is a combination of radial reinforcement 7-1 and annular reinforcement 7-2, so that the monitor 1 can be better combined with the surrounding soil as a whole for movement. The barrel external reinforcement 7 is provided with two layers along the height of the barrel-shaped shell 4. At the same time, the length of the radial reinforcement 7-1 does not exceed the outer diameter of the monitor 1, so as to ensure that the soil movement within a smaller range around the monitor 1 can be reflected.

[0011] like Figure 7~Figure 9 As shown, the connection device 2 includes a connection tube 8, a connection wire 9 and a connector 10. The connection wire 9 is installed inside the connection tube 8, and the connection tube 8 protects the connection wire 9. The two ends of the connection wire 9 are respectively connected to the vertical axes 5 of the two monitors 1. The connection wire 9 includes an end wire 9-1 and an intermediate wire 9-2. The end wire 9-1 extends into the monitor 1 and is made of a different material from the intermediate wire 9-2. The elastic modulus of the material of the intermediate wire 9-2 is E 2 is larger, the elastic modulus of the end wire 9-1 E 1 is smaller; this ensures that when the distance between the two monitors 1 changes, it can be reflected to the maximum extent on the strain of the connecting wire 9 end wire 9-1.

[0012] like Fig. 9As shown, the connector 10 is a component that connects the connecting pipe 8 and the monitor 1 together. The connector 10 includes three parts: an inner ring 10-1, an outer ring 10-2, and a central axis 10-3. The cross-sections of the inner ring 10-1, the outer ring 10-2, and the central axis 10-3 are all circular, and the inner diameters are the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 8. The outer diameters of the inner ring 10-1 and the outer ring 10-2 are larger than the outer diameter of the central axis 10-3. The central axis 10-3 is the part where the connector 10 passes through the barrel-shaped shell 4. The barrel-shaped shell 4 is provided with a circular hole 11 at this part for the central axis 10-3 to pass through. The diameter of the circular hole 11 is 0.5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the central axis 10-3 to ensure that the central axis 10-3 can pass through the circular hole 11, but the surrounding soil cannot enter the barrel-shaped shell 4. The diameter of the circular hole 11 is smaller than the outer diameters of the inner ring 10-1 and the outer ring 10-2 to ensure that the connector 10 will not be separated from the monitor 1 when sliding, and will not extend too far into the monitor 1. The clearance between the inner ring 10-1 and the outer ring 10-2 is the distance that the connector 10 can slide.

[0013] like Figure 1 , Fig. 9 As shown, the end wire 9-1 of each connecting wire 9 is equipped with a strain collector 12, and the strain collector 12 can regularly collect the strain of the end wire 9-1 of the connecting wire 9 and send it to the data processor 3. The data processor 3 collects, analyzes and processes the data sent by each strain collector 12, determines the distance change between the monitors 1, and issues an alarm according to the specific situation.

[0014] like Fig.10 As shown, for a connecting wire 9 between two monitors 1, the wires 9-1 at both ends are of equal length. l 1, elastic modulus is E 1; the length of the intermediate filament 9-2 is l 2. The elastic modulus is E 2. When the two monitors 1 move relative to each other, the strain value collected by the strain collector 12 of the wire 9-1 at the two ends of the connecting wire 9 is ε 11 , ε 12 , take the average of the two values ε 1 is the strain value of the end wire 9-1 of the connecting wire 9, that is, ε 1=( ε 11 + ε 12 ) / 2. The strain value of the intermediate yarn 9-2 is ε 2. By ε 1 E 1= ε 2 E 2, then the strain in the middle part is ε 2= ε 1E 1 / E 2, so the distance between the two monitors 1 changes to: Δ l =2Δ l 1+Δ l 2=( ε 11+ ε 12 )(2 l 1+ E 1 l 2 / E 2) / 2 (1).

[0015] like Fig.11 As shown in the figure, the monitors 1 are arranged in triangular points, and the shape formed by the connecting pipes 8 between the monitors is a triangular network 13, which is the most accurate measurement network in displacement measurement. If conditions permit, it is better to arrange the triangles in the triangular network 13 into regular triangles. When the triangular network 13 is arranged, the possible landslide range 14 should be covered. During the monitoring process, the distance change Δ between the monitoring points 1 in the triangular network 13 is calculated. l Based on this, the earliest possible location of landslide can be monitored, and then an early warning can be issued to remind relevant personnel to take appropriate measures to control the landslide.

[0016] like Figure 1 to Figure 11 As shown, the application method of the monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment slope landslide of the present invention comprises the following specific steps: Step (1) Select the area where the monitoring network is to be deployed, and determine the number of monitors 1 to be deployed and the length of the connecting pipe 8.

[0017] Step (2) excavating the soil. The excavation depth is preferably such that the connecting pipe 8 is buried about 20 cm below the slope and the circular hole 11 of the monitor 1 is facing the connecting pipe 8.

[0018] Step (3): Install the monitor 1 into the soil so that the vertical axis 5 is perpendicular to the slope surface; and connect the connecting device 2 to the monitor 1.

[0019] Step (4) Install the strain collector 12 in place, then fix the monitor 1, tighten the connecting wire 9, and cover the top cover 4-2 of the barrel-shaped shell 4 after checking that everything is correct.

[0020] Step (5) connects each device to the power supply and debugs it, then buries the monitor 1 and the connecting pipe 8 with soil, and the monitoring and early warning system starts working.

[0021] Step (6) During the monitoring process, the distance change Δ between each monitor 1 in the triangulated network 13 is lBased on this, the earliest possible location of landslide can be monitored, and then an early warning can be issued to remind relevant personnel to take appropriate measures to control the landslide.

Claims

1. A monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment slope landslides, comprising a monitor (1), a connecting device (2) and a data processor (3), characterized in that The monitor (1) comprises a barrel-shaped shell (4), a vertical axis (5), a vertical axis bracket (6), and a barrel external implanted reinforcement (7); the connecting device (2) comprises a connecting pipe (8), a connecting wire (9), and a connector (10); the end wire (9-1) of each connecting wire (9) is installed with a strain collector (12); the barrel-shaped shell (4) is composed of three parts: a side wall (4-1), a top cover (4-2), and a bottom cover (4-3); the side wall (4-1) is cylindrical, the bottom cover (4-3) is connected to the side wall (4-1), and the top cover (4-2) can be opened; the vertical axis (5) is fixed to the barrel-shaped shell (4) by a vertical axis bracket (6); the vertical axis bracket (6) comprises an upper and lower layer, respectively close to the upper and lower parts of the barrel-shaped shell (4); each layer of the vertical axis bracket (6) is composed of three support rods (6-1), and the three support rods (6-1) are arranged at an equal angle of 120 degrees.

2. The monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment slope landslide according to claim 1 is characterized in that The monitor (1) is provided with external barrel implants (7) on the outside of the barrel-shaped shell (4), and the external barrel implants (7) are only provided on the outside of the side wall (4-1) of the barrel-shaped shell (4); the external barrel implants (7) are provided in a manner of combining radial implants (7-1) and annular implants (7-2), and the external barrel implants (7) are provided in two layers along the height of the barrel-shaped shell (4), and the length of the radial implants (7-1) does not exceed the outer diameter of the monitor (1).

3. The monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment landslide according to claim 1 is characterized in that The connecting wire (9) is installed inside the connecting tube (8), and the two ends of the connecting wire (9) are respectively connected to the vertical axes (5) of the two monitors (1); the connecting wire (9) includes an end wire (9-1) and an intermediate wire (9-2); the end wire (9-1) extends into the monitor (1) and is made of a different material from the intermediate wire (9-2); the elastic modulus of the material of the intermediate wire (9-2) E 2 is larger, the elastic modulus of the end wire (9-1) E 1 is smaller.

4. The monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment landslide according to claim 1 is characterized in that The connector (10) comprises three parts: an inner ring (10-1), an outer ring (10-2) and a central axis (10-3); the cross-sections of the inner ring (10-1), the outer ring (10-2) and the central axis (10-3) are all circular, and the inner diameters are the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (8); the outer diameters of the inner ring (10-1) and the outer ring (10-2) are larger than the outer diameter of the central axis (10-3); a circular hole (11) is provided on the barrel-shaped outer shell (4) for the central axis (10-3) to pass through; the diameter of the circular hole (11) is larger than the outer diameter of the central axis (10-3) by 0.5 mm, and the diameter of the circular hole (11) is smaller than the outer diameters of the inner ring (10-1) and the outer ring (10-2); the clear distance between the inner ring (10-1) and the outer ring (10-2) is the distance that the connector (10) can slide.

5. The monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment landslide according to claim 1 is characterized in that The strain collector (12) can regularly collect the strain of the end wire (9-1) of the connecting wire (9) and send it to the data processor (3); the data processor (3) collects, analyzes and processes the data sent by each strain collector (12), determines the distance change between the monitors (1), and issues an alarm according to the specific situation; For a connecting wire (9) between two monitors (1), the wires (9-1) at both ends thereof are of equal length. l 1, elastic modulus is E 1; the length of the intermediate filament (9-2) is l 2. The elastic modulus is E 2; When the two monitors (1) move relative to each other, the strain value collected by the strain collector (12) of the two end wires (9-1) of the connecting wire (9) is ε 11 , ε 12 , take the average of the two values ε 1 is the strain value of the end wire (9-1) of the connecting wire (9), that is, ε 1=( ε 11 + ε 12 ) / 2; the strain value of the intermediate wire (9-2) is ε 2. By ε 1 E 1= ε 2 E 2, then the strain in the middle part is ε 2= ε 1 E 1 / E 2, then the distance between the two monitors (1) changes to: D l =2D l 1+D l 2=( ε 11+ ε 12 )(2 l 1+ E 1 l 2 / E 2) / 2 (1).

6. The monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment landslide according to claim 1 is characterized in that The monitors (1) are arranged at triangular points, and the connecting pipes (8) between the monitors form a triangular network (13). When conditions permit, the triangles in the triangular network (13) are preferably arranged in the form of regular triangles. When the triangular network (13) is arranged, the possible landslide range (14) should be covered.

7. The application method of the monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment landslide according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps are: Step (1) selecting an area for the monitoring network to be deployed, and determining the number of monitors (1) to be deployed and the length of the connecting pipe (8); Step (2) excavating the soil, the excavation depth being preferably such that the connecting pipe (8) is buried about 20 cm below the slope and the circular hole (11) of the monitor (1) is facing the connecting pipe (8); Step (3) installing the monitor (1) into the soil so that the vertical axis (5) is perpendicular to the slope surface; connecting the connecting device (2) to the monitor (1); Step (4) Install the strain collector (12) in place, then fix the monitor (1), tighten the connecting wire (9), and cover the top cover (4-2) of the barrel-shaped housing (4) after checking that everything is correct; Step (5) connect each device to a power source and debug it, then bury the monitor (1) and the connecting pipe (8) with soil, and the monitoring and early warning system starts working; Step (6): During the monitoring process, the distance change Δ between each monitor (1) in the triangulated network (13) is calculated. l Based on this, the earliest possible location of landslide can be monitored, and then an early warning can be issued to remind relevant personnel to take appropriate measures to control the landslide.

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