Medical models for simulating vascular interventions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment, which relates to the field of medical technology and includes a model seat; a vascular model detachably connected to the upper surface of the model seat, the vascular model having one end closed and the other end open, and a plug installed at the mouth of the vascular model in an interference fit; a catheter inserted into the vascular model, one end of the catheter being inserted and installed on the plug, and the other end being connected to a thrombus model; an adjusting member provided at the end of the catheter, the adjusting member being used to adjust the distance between the thrombus model and the inner wall of the vascular model. In the present invention, by placing the thrombus model in the vascular model, novice medical personnel can perform simulated operations, and by providing the adjusting member, the adjusting member can adjust the distance between the thrombus model and the inner wall of the vascular model, thereby simulating the position of the thrombus in the blood vessel under real surgical conditions, so that medical personnel can adopt different methods to perform interventional treatment on the thrombus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to a medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment. Background Art

[0002] Vascular interventional treatment usually uses a puncture needle to penetrate the body surface into the artery and vein, and mechanically treat the diseased part in the blood vessel, such as clearing the blood clot in the blood vessel. In actual medical operations, young doctors mostly learn in an "apprenticeship" training mode, usually taught by skilled operators, because of the need for medical imaging guidance, the requirement for refined operation, and the limitation of radiation on visits and learning. Young doctors do not get enough actual operation time. At present, there are some medical models of vascular interventional treatment in the existing technology that are easy for medical workers to learn and use. However, these medical models often only place thrombus models or other lesion models in fixed positions in the blood vessel model for novices to operate, which deviates from the actual surgical conditions. For example, the actual thrombus may move or rotate during the interventional surgery, or the different positions of the thrombus in the blood vessel will also lead to different interventional surgery methods. The existing medical models obviously cannot meet the needs of such operations. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a medical model that can simulate the real interventional surgery to the greatest extent. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment, comprising:

[0006] Model seat;

[0007] A blood vessel model detachably connected to the upper surface of the model seat, wherein one end of the blood vessel model is closed and the other end is open, and a plug is installed at the mouth of the blood vessel model in an interference fit;

[0008] a catheter inserted into the blood vessel model, one end of the catheter being inserted into the plug and the other end being connected to a thrombus model;

[0009] An adjusting member is arranged at the end of the catheter, and is used to adjust the distance between the thrombus model and the inner wall of the blood vessel model.

[0010] Furthermore, the model base is provided with a blood flow simulation component, which includes a fixed cylinder connected to the upper surface of the model base, a piston is mounted in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder, and the piston is driven by a driving unit installed on the fixed cylinder to slide freely in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder. A tube interface is provided at each end of the blood vessel model, and a water bag is provided on the side of the model base away from the fixed cylinder, and the two tube interfaces are respectively connected to the water bag and the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder through a hose.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving unit includes a cylinder bracket fixed to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, a cylinder is vertically installed on the top of the cylinder bracket, and a cylinder rod of the cylinder penetrates the cylinder bracket and is connected to the piston.

[0012] Furthermore, two tube clamps are detachably connected to the upper surface of the model base, and the two tube clamps respectively clamp the two ends of the blood vessel model and install them on the outer wall of the model base.

[0013] Furthermore, the blood vessel model is made of polyvinyl chloride.

[0014] Further, the adjusting member includes a flexible shaft movably inserted into the inner hole of the catheter, one end of the flexible shaft is inserted to the outside of the blood vessel model, and the other end of the flexible shaft is inserted out of the catheter, a fixed part is fixedly connected to one end of the catheter adjacent to the thrombus model, a rotating part is fixedly connected to the end of the flexible shaft, an accommodating groove for the rotating part to be mounted on the end surface of the fixed part is provided, the rotating part rotates around its own axis in the accommodating groove, and a sliding part is abutted and connected to the end surface of the rotating part, and the sliding part is connected to the fixed part A plurality of stretching members are arranged between the end faces, and the stretching members are used to drive the surface of the sliding part to abut against the end face of the rotating part. When the stretching members are subjected to a force acting in the radial direction of the sliding part, they will generate elastic bending. A convex block is fixedly connected to the periphery of the sliding part, and the end face of the rotating part is concave, and an abutting top used in conjunction with the convex block is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the concave part of the rotating part. The end of the sliding part away from the thrombus model is located in the concave part of the rotating part, and a clamping unit for clamping the thrombus model is provided on the sliding part.

[0015] Furthermore, the stretching member includes a plurality of extension arms fixed to the periphery of the sliding portion in an axial array along the sliding portion, the extension arms and the opposite surfaces of the fixed portion are commonly fixed with tension springs, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively fixed to the extension arms and the surface of the fixed portion.

[0016] Furthermore, the opposite surfaces of the extension arm and the fixing portion are each fixedly connected with a fixing pin, and the two ends of the tension spring are correspondingly wrapped around the peripheries of the two fixing pins on the same axis.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamping unit includes a plurality of first inclined rods fixed to the end face of the sliding portion facing away from the rotating portion, and one end of the first inclined rod extending toward the side away from the sliding portion is integrally fixed with a curved rod, a clamping space is enclosed by the plurality of curved rods, and the thrombus model is placed in the clamping space.

[0018] Furthermore, one end of the bending rod away from the first oblique rod is integrally fixedly connected with a second oblique rod, and one end of the second oblique rod away from the bending rod extends obliquely in a direction approaching each other.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In the present invention, a thrombus model is placed in the blood vessel model, so that novice medical personnel can perform simulated operations. By providing an adjustment member, the adjustment member can adjust the distance between the thrombus model and the inner wall of the blood vessel model, so as to simulate the position of the thrombus in the blood vessel under real surgical conditions, so that medical personnel can adopt different methods to intervene in the treatment of the thrombus;

[0021] 2. In the present invention, the piston slides downward in the fixed cylinder, so that the piston can squeeze the liquid in the fixed cylinder into the blood vessel model and store it in the water bag, thereby simulating the flow of blood in the blood vessel, thereby simulating the effect of blood flow on the thrombus in the blood vessel during interventional surgery, so that medical personnel can operate in a reasonable manner;

[0022] 3. In the present invention, the flexible shaft is rotated to expose one end of the blood vessel model, so that the flexible shaft drives the rotating part to rotate, so that the protrusion contacts the surface of the top part and generates relative sliding. During relative sliding, since the distance between the side of the top part adjacent to the axis of the rotating part and the axis of the rotating part is small, and since the fixing pin has a limiting effect on the tension spring, the sliding part basically does not rotate. In this way, when the rotating part rotates, the protrusion will be squeezed by the surface of the top part, and then the protrusion moves toward the axis of the rotating part, so that the protrusion drives the sliding part to move synchronously, and the tension spring can generate bending deformation in the radial direction of the rotating part, so that the sliding part can generate radial movement of the rotating part, that is, the sliding part and the rotating part are changed from the initial basically coaxial state to the eccentric state, so that the distance between the thrombus model and the inner wall of the blood vessel model can be adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the blood vessel model, the catheter and the flexible shaft after being assembled in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship after the middle part of the structure is cut open;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the catheter, the flexible shaft and the thrombus model after being assembled in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the thrombus model and the sliding part after assembly in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the catheter in the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at B in the middle;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flexible shaft in the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 for Fig.10 An enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point C in the middle.

[0034] In the figure, the description of each figure mark is as follows: 1. water bag; 2. hose; 3. pipe interface; 4. blood vessel model; 5. cylinder; 6. cylinder bracket; 7. piston; 8. model seat; 9. fixing cylinder; 10. handle part; 11. flexible soft shaft; 12. plug; 13. pipe clamp; 14. retaining ring; 15. thrombus model; 16. fixing part; 17. catheter; 18. rotating part; 19. tension spring; 20. extension arm; 21. second oblique rod; 22. bending rod; 23. first oblique rod; 24. sliding part; 25. abutment top; 26. bump; 27. fixing pin; 28. receiving groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1- Fig.11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment, comprising a model seat 8, a vascular model 4 is placed on the upper surface of the model seat 8, the vascular model 4 is made of polyvinyl chloride material, so that the vascular model 4 has a transparent effect, in addition, two tube clamps 13 are connected to the upper surface of the model seat 8 by screws, specifically, the middle part of the tube clamp 13 is U-shaped, and the horizontal sections on both sides are installed on the surface of the model seat 8 by screws, and the two tube clamps 13 clamp the two ends of the vascular model 4 and install them on the outer wall of the model seat 8 respectively, one end of the vascular model 4 is closed and the other end is open, and the mouth of the vascular model 4 is installed with a plug 12 by interference fit;

[0037] A catheter 17 is installed in the blood vessel model 4, and one end of the catheter 17 is inserted and installed on the plug 12. A fixed tube 9 with an open top is screwed on one side of the upper surface of the model base 8. A piston 7 is installed in the inner cavity of the fixed tube 9. Liquid is stored in the space between the lower end surface of the piston 7 and the inner bottom wall of the fixed tube 9. The liquid itself has a color, such as red, so that the liquid can simulate blood. A tube interface 3 is provided at each end of the blood vessel model 4. A water bag 1 is provided on the side of the model base 8 away from the fixed tube 9. The two tube interfaces 3 are respectively connected to the water bag 1 and the inner cavity of the fixed tube 9 through a hose 2. The outer wall of the fixed tube 9 is vertically fixed with a cylinder bracket 6. The cylinder A cylinder 5 is vertically installed on the top of the bracket 6. The cylinder rod of the cylinder 5 penetrates the cylinder bracket 6 and is connected to the piston 7. The cylinder rod of the cylinder 5 is slowly extended, so that the piston 7 moves slowly downward in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 9, and squeezes the liquid used to simulate blood in the fixed cylinder 9 into the blood vessel model 4, and then flows into the water bag 1 in the blood vessel model 4, and expands the water bag 1, thereby simulating the flow of blood in the blood vessel. In addition, the cylinder rod of the cylinder 5 is slowly extended, so that the liquid has a certain flow time in the blood vessel model 4, so that medical personnel have enough time to perform interventional surgery;

[0038] The catheter 17 has an inner hole passing through both ends thereof, and a flexible shaft 11 is passed through the inner hole. The flexible shaft 11 has a certain rigidity. One end of the flexible shaft 11 passes through the outside of the blood vessel model 4, and the end of the flexible shaft 11 passing through the outside of the blood vessel model 4 is fixedly connected to the handle portion 10, and the other end of the flexible shaft 11 passes through the catheter 17, and the end of the catheter 17 passing through the blood vessel model 4 is fixedly connected to the fixing portion 16, and the end of the flexible shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the rotating portion 18 (such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the end surface of the rotating part 18 away from the handle part 10 is concave, and the end surface of the fixed part 16 is provided with a receiving groove 28 for the rotating part 18 to be clamped and installed. The rotating part 18 rotates around its own axis in the receiving groove 28, and the inner wall of the concave part of the rotating part 18 is abutted and connected with the sliding part 24, that is, the end surface of the sliding part 24 can slide on the inner wall of the concave part of the rotating part 18;

[0039] The periphery of the sliding portion 24 is fixedly connected to three extension arms 20 along the axial array of the sliding portion 24. The extension arms 20 and the opposite surfaces of the fixed portion 16 are fixedly connected to a tension spring 19. The two ends of the tension spring 19 are respectively fixed to the surfaces of the extension arms 20 and the fixed portion 16. The tension spring 19 can produce a certain degree of elastic bending deformation, and in a natural state, the tension spring 19 has a pulling force on the extension arm 20, so that the extension arm 20 moves toward the direction of the fixed portion 16, and the end face of the sliding portion 24 is abutted against the end face of the rotating portion 18. A convex block 26 is fixedly connected to one side of the periphery of the sliding portion 24, and an abutting top 25 (such as Fig.11 As shown, the abutting portion 25 extends inwardly in the axial direction of the rotating portion 18, and the opposite surfaces of the extension arm 20 and the fixing portion 16 are fixedly connected with fixing pins 27 (combined with Figure 7 and Fig. 9 ), the two ends of the tension spring 19 are correspondingly sleeved around the periphery of the two fixed pins 27 of the same axis. Through the setting of the fixed pins 27, it is not easy for the two ends of the tension spring 19 to produce a large degree of elastic bending deformation. The end face of the sliding part 24 is against the end face of the rotating part 18, and the three tension springs 19 exert a pulling force on the sliding part 24, so that the sliding part 24 can maintain a state of being against the inner wall of the recessed part of the rotating part 18. In addition, the end of the flexible shaft 11 exposed from the plug 12 is fixedly sleeved with a retaining ring 14, and the end face of the retaining ring 14 is in contact with the end face of the plug 12, so that the flexible shaft 11 will not be separated from the catheter 17;

[0040] Three first oblique rods 23 are fixedly connected to the end surface of the sliding portion 24 facing away from the rotating portion 18. The three first oblique rods 23 are arranged in an axial array along the sliding portion 24. The first oblique rods 23 are fixedly connected to the curved rod 22 at one end extending away from the sliding portion 24. A clamping space is surrounded by the three curved rods 22. A thrombus model 15 is placed in the clamping space, and the thrombus model 15 has a certain degree of movement in the clamping space. In this way, when the liquid flows in the blood vessel model 4, it will have a certain impact on the thrombus model 15, and the thrombus model 15 can move slightly in the clamping space, thereby simulating the thrombus on the blood vessel wall and being impacted by blood flow. In the moving state, one end of the bending rod 22 away from the first oblique rod 23 is integrally fixedly connected with the second oblique rod 21, and one end of the second oblique rod 21 away from the bending rod 22 extends obliquely in the direction of approaching each other. By setting the second oblique rod 21, in the process of placing the thrombus model 15 into the blood vessel model 4, the middle section of the second oblique rod 21 plays a guiding effect, so that the catheter 17 can smoothly enter the blood vessel model 4 along the contour of the blood vessel model 4. In addition, the thrombus model 15 in this embodiment specifically includes a capsule body, which is filled with colored thrombus simulation liquid, and the color of the thrombus simulation liquid is different from the color of the liquid in the fixed cylinder 9.

[0041] Working principle of the present invention:

[0042] The second oblique rod 21 is pulled outward by hand to bend in the direction away from each other, so that the thrombus model 15 for simulating thrombus can be put into the clamping space, and then the second oblique rod 21 is loosened to make the second oblique rod 21 recover its deformation by itself, and the bending rod 22 clamps the thrombus model 15, so that the thrombus model 15 can be restrained in the clamping space;

[0043] The catheter 17 is placed on the open side of the blood vessel model 4, and the catheter 17 is slowly placed into the blood vessel model 4. During the placement process, the second inclined rod 21 contacts the inner wall of the blood vessel model 4, and the catheter 17 can be inserted into the blood vessel model 4 along the contour of the blood vessel model 4 until the plug 12 can be installed on the open side of the blood vessel model 4.

[0044] The air cylinder 5 is started, and the air cylinder rod of the air cylinder 5 is slowly extended, so that the piston 7 moves slowly downward in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 9, and the liquid used to simulate blood in the fixed cylinder 9 is squeezed from the fixed cylinder 9 into the blood vessel model 4, and then flows into the water bag 1 in the blood vessel model 4, and the water bag 1 is expanded, so as to simulate the flow of blood in the blood vessel. In addition, the air cylinder rod of the air cylinder 5 is slowly extended, so that the liquid has a certain flow time in the blood vessel model 4, so that the medical staff has enough time to perform interventional surgery. The medical staff observes the position of the thrombus model 15 in the blood vessel model 4, and then uses the puncture needle to penetrate into the blood vessel model 4, and then uses the puncture needle to penetrate into the thrombus model 15, so that the thrombus model 15 can be ruptured. At this time, the blood simulation liquid in the thrombus model 15 will flow out from the ruptured capsule, so as to achieve the interventional treatment simulation of the thrombus model 15;

[0045] If it is necessary to simulate the thrombus model 15 at different positions in the inner cavity of the blood vessel model 4, the handle part 10 can be directly rotated by hand, and the handle part 10 will drive the flexible soft shaft 11 to rotate. When the flexible soft shaft 11 rotates, it will synchronously drive the rotating part 18 to rotate. Since in the initial state, the rotating part 18 and the sliding part 24 are basically coaxial, when the rotating part 18 rotates, the protrusion 26 will contact the surface of the top part 25 and produce relative sliding. During relative sliding, since the distance between the side of the top part 25 adjacent to the axis of the rotating part 18 and the axis of the rotating part 18 is small, when the rotating part 18 rotates, the protrusion 26 will be squeezed by the surface of the top part 25, thereby causing the protrusion 26 to move toward the axis of the rotating part 18, so that the protrusion 26 drives the sliding part 24 to move synchronously, and the tension spring 19 can move in the radial direction of the rotating part 18. The sliding part 24 is bent and deformed, so that the sliding part 24 can generate radial movement along the rotating part 18, that is, the sliding part 24 and the rotating part 18 are changed from the initial basically coaxial state to the eccentric state, so that the distance between the thrombus model 15 and the inner wall of the blood vessel model 4 can be adjusted. The three tension springs 19 generate tension on the extension arm 20, and the fixing pin 27 can limit the tension spring 19 along the circumferential direction of the rotating part 18, so that when the rotating part 18 rotates, the sliding part 24 will not rotate, so that the end face of the sliding part 24 maintains an abutment state with the end face of the rotating part 18 without tilting. Since the distance between the thrombus model 15 and the inner wall of the blood vessel model 4 is changed, the position of the thrombus in the blood vessel during the real interventional surgery can be simulated, so that a suitable operation method can be adopted for treatment (the treatment method is a means of the prior art and will not be described here).

[0046] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment, characterized in that: include: Model seat; A blood vessel model detachably connected to the upper surface of the model base, the blood vessel model having one end closed and the other end open, and a plug installed at the mouth of the blood vessel model in an interference fit; A catheter is inserted into the blood vessel model, one end of the catheter is inserted into the plug, and the other end is connected to the thrombus model; An adjusting member disposed at the end of the catheter, the adjusting member being used to adjust the distance between the thrombus model and the inner wall of the blood vessel model; The adjusting member comprises a flexible shaft movably inserted into the inner hole of the catheter, one end of the flexible shaft is inserted to the outside of the blood vessel model, and the other end of the flexible shaft is inserted out of the catheter, a fixed part is fixedly connected to one end of the catheter adjacent to the thrombus model, a rotating part is fixedly connected to the end of the flexible shaft, an accommodating groove for the rotating part to be clamped and installed is provided on the end face of the fixed part, the rotating part rotates around its own axis in the accommodating groove, a sliding part is abutted and connected to the end face of the rotating part, a plurality of stretching members are provided between the sliding part and the end face of the fixed part, the stretching member is used to drive the surface of the sliding part to abut against the end face of the rotating part, and the stretching member will generate elastic bending when subjected to a force acting along the radial direction of the sliding part, a convex block is fixedly connected to the periphery of the sliding part, the end face of the rotating part is concave, and an abutting top used in conjunction with the convex block is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the concave part of the rotating part, an end of the sliding part away from the thrombus model is located in the concave part of the rotating part, and a clamping unit for clamping the thrombus model is provided on the sliding part; The stretching member includes a plurality of extension arms fixed to the periphery of the sliding part in an axial array along the sliding part, and a tension spring is fixed to the opposite surface of the extension arm and the fixing part, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively fixed to the extension arm and the surface of the fixing part.

2. The medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model base is provided with a blood flow simulation component, which includes a fixed cylinder connected to the upper surface of the model base, a piston is mounted in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder, and the piston is driven by a driving unit installed on the fixed cylinder to slide freely in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder. A pipe interface is provided at each end of the blood vessel model, and a water bag is provided on the side of the model base away from the fixed cylinder. The two pipe interfaces are respectively connected to the water bag and the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder through a hose.

3. The medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a cylinder bracket fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing cylinder, a cylinder is vertically installed on the top of the cylinder bracket, and a cylinder rod of the cylinder penetrates the cylinder bracket and is connected with a piston.

4. The medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the model base is detachably connected to two tube clamps, which respectively clamp two ends of the blood vessel model and install them on the outer wall of the model base.

5. The medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blood vessel model is made of polyvinyl chloride.

6. The medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opposite surfaces of the extension arm and the fixing part are respectively fixedly connected with fixing pins, and the two ends of the tension spring are correspondingly sleeved around the peripheries of the two fixing pins on the same axis.

7. The medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping unit includes a plurality of first oblique rods fixedly connected to the end surface of the sliding part facing away from the rotating part, and one end of the first oblique rod extending away from the sliding part is integrally fixedly connected with a curved rod, and a clamping space is surrounded by the plurality of curved rods, and the thrombus model is placed in the clamping space.

8. The medical model for simulating vascular interventional treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the bending rod away from the first oblique rod is fixedly connected with the second oblique rod in an integral manner, and one end of the second oblique rod away from the bending rod extends obliquely in a direction approaching each other.

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