Patch antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a patch antenna and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises a metal floor, a dielectric substrate and a radiator, the dielectric substrate is arranged on the metal floor, the radiator is arranged on one side, far away from the metal floor, of the dielectric substrate, the radiator is in grounding connection with the metal floor through a connecting structure, and a feed interface is arranged on the radiator. The radiator comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator, a first gap is arranged between the first radiator and the second radiator, and a second gap is arranged between the first radiator and the third radiator. The connecting structure comprises a first connecting structure and a second connecting structure, the first radiating body and the second radiating body are connected through the first connecting structure, and the first radiating body and the third radiating body are connected through the second connecting structure. The feed interface comprises a first feed end and a second feed end, and the first feed end and the second feed end are both arranged on the first radiator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a patch antenna and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of communication technology, the number of antennas required by smart terminal communication devices such as tablets and laptops is increasing, and the antenna layout is becoming more and more compact, resulting in poor isolation between multiple antennas, which has a greater impact on communication performance. In addition, the antennas in smart terminal devices cover more frequency bands, so there are many designs of multi-frequency or broadband antennas.

[0003] In the prior art, the following methods are mainly used to decouple antennas, such as the neutralization line method, defective ground method, parasitic unit method, metamaterial loading method, etc. to improve the isolation between antennas. However, the existing decoupling methods generally require the addition of additional decoupling structures or devices for decoupling, and the decoupling structure occupies a large space. The device layout in the smart terminal device is very compact, and there is no extra space to add additional decoupling structures for decoupling.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve antenna decoupling in a compact layout has important application value for smart terminal devices. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a patch antenna and an electronic device. The antenna can realize self-decoupling by utilizing its own structure. No additional structure is required to realize self-decoupling of the antenna, so that the space occupied by the entire antenna is small.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a patch antenna, which includes a metal floor and a radiator, the radiator is grounded to the metal floor through a connecting structure, and a feeding interface is provided on the radiator. The radiator includes a first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator, a first gap is provided between the first radiator and the second radiator, and a second gap is provided between the first radiator and the third radiator. The connecting structure includes a first connecting structure and a second connecting structure, the first radiator and the second radiator are connected through the first connecting structure, and the first radiator and the third radiator are connected through the second connecting structure. The feeding interface includes a first feeding end and a second feeding end, and the first feeding end and the second feeding end are both provided on the first radiator.

[0007] On this basis, the present application sets a first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator, grounds the second radiator and the third radiator on both sides, and sets two feeding terminals on the first radiator, thereby forming two sub-antennas on the three radiators. Since the two sub-antennas share a common radiator, the distance between the two sub-antennas is relatively close, which is conducive to reducing the size of the entire antenna and miniaturization of the antenna. A gap is maintained between two adjacent radiators, and the two adjacent radiators are connected by a connecting structure. By improving the structure of the antenna itself, the self-decoupling of the two sub-antennas is achieved without adding an additional decoupling structure, avoiding the problem of increasing the size of the antenna due to the addition of the decoupling structure, so that the antenna can remain miniaturized, which is conducive to the compact layout of the antenna when it is used in the device.

[0008] In a possible design of the first aspect, the distance between the first feeding end and the first connection point is a first length, the distance between the first connection point and the vertex of the second radiator away from the first radiator is a second length, and the sum of the first length and the second length is 0.4λ1 to 0.6λ1. Wherein, λ1 is a first wavelength corresponding to a first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna, and the first connection point is a connection point between the first connection structure and the second radiator.

[0009] On this basis, by setting the sum of the first length and the second length of the antenna, it is helpful to adjust the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna to be within the working frequency band of the antenna, and adjust the position of one of the self-decoupling frequencies of the antenna within the working frequency band of the antenna. Among them, the first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna can be determined according to the S21 parameter curve of the antenna. That is, the position of the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna within the working frequency band of the antenna can be optimized by continuously optimizing the dimensions of the first length and the second length.

[0010] In a possible design of the first aspect, the distance between the second feeding end and the second connection point is a third length, the distance between the second connection point and the vertex of the third radiator away from the first radiator is a fourth length, and the sum of the third length and the fourth length is 0.4λ2 to 0.6λ2. Wherein, λ2 is a second wavelength corresponding to the second self-decoupling frequency of the antenna, and the second connection point is a connection point between the second connection structure and the third radiator.

[0011] On this basis, by setting the sum of the third length and the fourth length in the antenna, it is helpful to adjust the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna to be within the working frequency band of the antenna, and adjust the position of one of the self-decoupling frequencies of the antenna within the working frequency band of the antenna. Among them, the second self-decoupling frequency of the antenna can be determined according to the S21 parameter curve of the antenna. That is, the position of the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna within the working frequency band of the antenna can be optimized by continuously optimizing the dimensions of the third length and the fourth length.

[0012] In a possible design of the first aspect, a distance from the first feed end to a side of the second radiator away from the first radiator is 0.4λ3 to 0.6λ3. A distance from the second feed end to a side of the third radiator away from the first radiator is 0.4λ3 to 0.6λ3. Wherein, λ3 is a third wavelength corresponding to the third self-decoupling frequency of the antenna.

[0013] On this basis, by setting the distance from the first feeding end to the side of the second radiator away from the first radiator, and setting the distance from the second feeding end to the side of the third radiator away from the first radiator, the position of one of the self-decoupling frequency points of the antenna within the working frequency band of the antenna is adjusted. Among them, the distance from the first feeding end to the side of the second radiator away from the first radiator and the distance from the second feeding end to the side of the third radiator away from the first radiator can be set to be equal.

[0014] The third self-decoupling frequency of the antenna can be determined according to the S21 parameter curve of the antenna. Among them, the maximum decoupling frequency in the S21 parameter curve can be selected as the third self-decoupling frequency. When designing the size of the antenna, it is generally possible to first determine the distance from the first feed end to the second radiator away from the first radiator, and the distance from the second feed end to the third radiator away from the first radiator, and then optimize other dimensions.

[0015] In a possible design of the first aspect, a first region is disposed on a side of the second radiator away from the first radiator, the first region is grounded to a metal floor, and a length of the first region is equal to a length of the second radiator. A second region is disposed on a side of the third radiator away from the first radiator, the second region is grounded to a metal floor, and a length of the second region is equal to a length of the third radiator.

[0016] On this basis, the first area and the second area are grounded, and the length of the first area is set to be equal to the length of the second radiator, and the length of the second area is set to be equal to the length of the third radiator. When the electromagnetic wave propagates on the second radiator and the third radiator, it will be reflected when it encounters the side of the second radiator away from the first radiator, and it will be reflected when it encounters the side of the third radiator away from the first radiator, which is conducive to the size design of the antenna according to the above conditions. If the length of the first area is not equal to the length of the second radiator, and the length of the second area is not equal to the length of the third radiator, then when the electromagnetic wave propagates on the second radiator and the third radiator, its reflection law is difficult to determine, which is not conducive to the design of the size of the antenna.

[0017] In a possible design of the first aspect, the first region is grounded to the metal floor through a metal column, a metal spring or a metal connecting sheet, and the second region is grounded to the metal floor through a metal column, a metal spring or a metal connecting sheet.

[0018] In a possible design manner of the first aspect, the length of the first connecting structure is not equal to the length of the second connecting structure.

[0019] On this basis, by setting the length of the first connecting structure to be unequal to the length of the second connecting structure, it is beneficial to achieve that the sum of the first length and the second length is not equal to the sum of the third length and the fourth length, thereby achieving self-decoupling of the antenna at different decoupling frequencies.

[0020] In a possible design manner of the first aspect, a first annular through groove and a second annular through groove are provided on the first radiator, the first annular through groove is provided around the first feeding end, and the second annular through groove is provided around the second feeding end.

[0021] On this basis, by providing the first annular through groove and the second annular through groove, it is beneficial to achieve impedance matching between the antenna and the radio frequency circuit.

[0022] In a possible design of the first aspect, the first annular through groove is a circular through groove or a square through groove; the second annular through groove is a circular through groove or a square through groove.

[0023] In a possible design of the first aspect, a third area and a fourth area are provided on the first radiator, the third area and the fourth area are grounded to the metal floor through metal columns, metal springs or metal connecting sheets, and there is a gap between the third area and the fourth area.

[0024] In a possible design of the first aspect, the radiator also includes a fourth radiator, the connection structure also includes a third connection structure, and the feeding interface also includes a third feeding end; there is a third gap between the fourth radiator and the first radiator, the fourth radiator is connected to the first radiator through the third connection structure, and the third feeding end is arranged on the first radiator.

[0025] This design method provides a specific connection form in which the antenna includes three sub-antennas.

[0026] In a possible design of the first aspect, the lengths of the first connection structure, the second connection structure, and the third connection structure are not equal.

[0027] On this basis, by setting the lengths of the first connection structure, the second connection structure and the third connection structure to be unequal, it is beneficial to achieve self-decoupling of two of the sub-antennas at different decoupling frequency points.

[0028] In a possible design of the first aspect, the radiator further includes a fifth radiator, the connection structure further includes a fourth connection structure, and the feed interface further includes a fourth feed end. A fourth gap is provided between the fifth radiator and the first radiator, the fifth radiator is connected to the first radiator through the fourth connection structure, and the fourth feed end is provided on the first radiator. The second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, and the fifth radiator are respectively located in four directions of the first radiator.

[0029] This design method provides a specific connection form in which the antenna includes four sub-antennas.

[0030] In a possible design manner of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate is disposed on the metal floor, and the radiator is disposed on a side of the dielectric substrate away from the metal floor.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including a housing and the antenna in the first aspect and any possible design thereof, wherein a circuit board is disposed in the housing, and the antenna is disposed on the circuit board.

[0032] It can be understood that the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the electronic device provided by the second aspect provided above can refer to the beneficial effects in the first aspect and any possible design method thereof, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 4 The connection diagram of the antenna shown with a matching network added;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 4The S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation shown;

[0041] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the position of the impedance of the antenna shown in the Smith chart;

[0042] Fig.10 for Figure 6 The S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation shown;

[0043] Fig.11 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the position of the impedance of the antenna shown in the Smith chart;

[0044] Fig.12 for Figure 7 The S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation shown;

[0045] Fig.13 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the position of the impedance of the antenna shown in the Smith chart;

[0046] Fig.14 for Figure 5 Another S-parameter graph of the antenna simulation shown;

[0047] Fig.15 for Figure 5 The envelope correlation coefficient simulation curve diagram of the antenna shown;

[0048] Fig.16 for Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna shown is when the first feeding end feeds power at different frequencies;

[0049] Fig.17 for Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna shown is when the second feeding end is feeding at different frequencies;

[0050] Fig.18 One of the decoupling path diagrams of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.19 A second decoupling path diagram of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig. 20 A third decoupling path diagram of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of the structure of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Fig. 22 for Fig.21 The current diagram of the antenna when the antenna is fed at the first feeding end;

[0055] Fig.23 for Fig.21 The S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation shown;

[0056] Fig.24 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Fig.25 for Fig.24 The current diagram of the antenna when the antenna is fed at the first feeding end;

[0058] Fig.26 for Fig.24 The S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation shown;

[0059] Fig. 27 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Fig.28 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Fig.29 for Figure 5 The S21 parameter curve diagram of the antenna shown when the length of the second connection structure changes;

[0062] Fig.30 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Fig.31 for Fig.30 S21 parameter curve of the antenna shown;

[0064] Fig.32 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Fig.33 for Fig.32 S21 parameter diagram of the first antenna and the second antenna at different distances in the antenna shown;

[0066] Fig.34 for Figure 5 The height of the third area in the antenna is shown as an S21 parameter diagram under different parameters;

[0067] Fig.35 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Fig.36 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] In the figure: 10-radiator; 20-metal floor; 30-dielectric substrate; 40-feeding interface;

[0070] 110 - first radiator; 120 - second radiator; 130 - third radiator; 140 - fourth radiator; 150 - fifth radiator; 1201 - first side; 1301 - second side;

[0071] 1101-first sub-radiator; 1102-second sub-radiator; 1103-third sub-radiator; 1104-fourth sub-radiator; 1105-fifth sub-radiator;

[0072] 160-first gap; 170-second gap; 180-third gap; 190-fourth gap;

[0073] 50-first connection structure; 60-second connection structure; 70-third connection structure; 80-fourth connection structure;

[0074] 401 - first feeding terminal; 402 - second feeding terminal; 403 - third feeding terminal; 404 - fourth feeding terminal;

[0075] 210 - first metal connecting plate; 220 - second metal connecting plate; 230 - third metal connecting plate; 240 - fourth metal connecting plate; 250 - fifth metal connecting plate; 260 - sixth metal connecting plate;

[0076] 101-first area; 102-second area; 103-third area; 104-fourth area; 105-fifth area; 106-sixth area;

[0077] 107: first annular through groove; 108: second annular through groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The technical solution in this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0080] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0081] It should be understood that the terms used in the description of the various examples herein are only for describing specific examples and are not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various examples, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0082] In this application, "at least one" means one, two or more, and "more" means more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can be represented by: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0083] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0084] It should also be understood that in the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a sliding connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, etc.; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0085] It should also be understood that the term “comprise” (also known as “includes,” “including,” “comprises” and / or “comprising”) when used in this specification specifies the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0086] It should be understood that the "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "a possible design" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment or implementation are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, "in one embodiment of the present application" or "in another embodiment of the present application", "a possible design" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner.

[0087] It should also be understood that the specific values ​​mentioned in the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific dimensions of specific features or structures. The relevant values ​​may be examples for easy understanding, or they may be the theoretically optimal theoretical values ​​of a certain feature. In practice, the relevant dimensions may be a range of the value appended thereto, for example, the range may be ±10% of the optimal theoretical value, or ±20% of the optimal theoretical value, and in practice, the corresponding technical effect can be achieved.

[0088] With the development of communication technology, the number of antennas required by smart terminal communication devices such as tablets and laptops is increasing, and the antenna layout is becoming more and more compact, resulting in poor isolation between multiple antennas, which has a greater impact on communication performance. In addition, the antennas in smart terminal devices cover more frequency bands, so there are many designs of multi-frequency or broadband antennas.

[0089] In the prior art, there are many methods to decouple antennas, such as using the neutral line method, defective ground method, parasitic unit method, metamaterial loading and other methods to improve the isolation between antenna units. However, on the one hand, the existing decoupling methods generally require the addition of additional decoupling structures or devices for decoupling, resulting in the decoupling structure occupying a large space, while the device layout in the smart terminal device is very compact, and there is no extra space for adding additional decoupling structures for decoupling. On the other hand, the existing decoupling methods can generally only achieve decoupling of very narrow bandwidths, while the antennas in smart terminal devices cover more frequency bands, making it difficult to achieve decoupling of broadband antennas.

[0090] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a patch antenna, which is applied to electronic devices. The antenna can achieve decoupling through its own structure without adding additional decoupling structures, and occupies less space. In addition, the antenna has multiple decoupling frequencies, which can achieve multi-frequency broadband decoupling. Thus, broadband decoupling is achieved in a compact layout.

[0091] Based on the above-mentioned improvement ideas, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings. Before introducing the embodiments of the present application, the application scenarios of the present application are first introduced.

[0092] A patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application can be applied to an electronic device. The present application provides an electronic device, and the electronic device 100 can be a portable electronic device or other suitable electronic device. For example, the electronic device 100 can be a tablet personal computer, a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a personal computer, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, a mobile phone, etc.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device is a laptop computer, which may include a display screen and a host computer, wherein the display screen is connected to the hinge region of the host computer so that the display screen can rotate around the host computer. A keyboard and a touch pad are arranged on the housing of the host computer, and a speaker, a mainboard, a PCB, an antenna, etc. are arranged inside the housing of the host computer. The PCB may be arranged in the hinge region of the host computer, and the antenna may be arranged on the PCB in the hinge region of the host computer.

[0094] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the electronic device is a tablet computer, wherein the tablet computer may include a screen, a middle frame, a back shell, and a rear camera module. The back shell and the middle frame form an outer shell, and the outer shell and the screen form an internal storage space of the tablet computer. In the internal storage space, a battery, a speaker, a camera module, and a printed circuit board (PCB) are arranged. Figure 2 As shown, PCBs are arranged above and beside the battery, and the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the PCB above the battery, or the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the PCB beside the battery. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application only introduces part of the structure of the tablet computer, and the tablet computer can also include other electronic components.

[0095] As an example, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 Take the electronic device being a tablet computer as an example.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 300 may include a processor 301, a communication module 302, a display screen 303, etc.

[0097] The processor 301 may include one or more processing units, wherein different processing units may be independent devices or may be integrated into one or more processors 301 .

[0098] The controller can be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device. The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and timing signal to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.

[0099] In some embodiments, the processor 301 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface 311, etc.

[0100] The electronic device implements the display function through a GPU, a display screen 303, and an application processor 301. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, which connects the display screen 303 and the application processor 301. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. The processor 301 may include one or more GPUs, which execute program instructions to generate or change display information.

[0101] The display screen 303 is used to display images, video streams, etc.

[0102] The communication module 302 may include an antenna x and an antenna y.

[0103] Each antenna in an electronic device can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example, antenna x can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network.

[0104] The mobile communication module 302A can provide solutions for wireless communications including 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G applied in electronic devices. The mobile communication module 302A may include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 302A can receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna x, and filter, amplify, and process the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modulation and demodulation processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 302A can also amplify the signal modulated by the modulation and demodulation processor, and convert it into electromagnetic waves and radiate it through the antenna. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 302A can be set in the processor 301. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 302A can be set in the same device as at least some of the modules of the processor 301.

[0105] The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. Among them, the modulator is used to modulate the low-frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium-high frequency signal. The demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator then transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. After the low-frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor, it is passed to the application processor. The application processor outputs a sound signal through an audio device (not limited to a speaker 306A, a receiver 306B, etc.), or displays an image or video stream through a display screen 303. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be an independent device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 301 and be set in the same device as the mobile communication module 302A or other functional modules.

[0106] The wireless communication module 302B can provide wireless communication solutions including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared (IR), etc., which are applied to electronic devices. The wireless communication module 302B can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 302B receives electromagnetic waves via an antenna, modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 301. The wireless communication module 302B can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 301, modulate the frequency, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna.

[0107] like Figure 3 As shown, in some implementations, the electronic device may also include an external memory interface 310, an internal memory 304, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a charging management module 312, a power management module 313, a battery 314, an audio module 306, a speaker 306A, a receiver 306B, a microphone 306C, an earphone interface 306D, a sensor module 305, a button 309, a motor, an indicator 308, a camera 307, and a subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface, etc.

[0108] The above describes the terminal device to which the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied. The following describes the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application in detail.

[0109] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 The top view of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the antenna includes a radiator 10 and a metal floor 20, and the radiator 10 is electrically connected to the metal floor 20. A feeding interface 40 is provided on the radiator 10 for feeding the radiator 10.

[0110] In addition, the antenna may further include a dielectric substrate 30, wherein the dielectric substrate 30 may be disposed on the metal floor 20, the metal floor 20 and the radiator 10 are respectively located on both sides of the dielectric substrate, and the radiator 10 and the metal floor 20 are electrically connected via a grounding structure.

[0111] A patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of sub-antennas, wherein the plurality of sub-antennas share a metal floor 20 and a radiator 10. Since the antenna includes a plurality of sub-antennas, the feed interface 40 of the antenna may include a plurality of feed terminals, each feed terminal corresponding to a sub-antenna. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of sub-antennas is not limited, and generally the number of sub-antennas may be 2, 3, or 4.

[0112] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the antenna includes two sub-antennas, namely the first antenna and the second antenna. The radiator 10 includes a first radiator 110, a second radiator 120 and a third radiator 130. There is a first gap 160 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are connected by a first connecting structure 50. There is a second gap 170 between the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130, and the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130 are connected by a second connecting structure 60. The second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 are grounded to the metal floor 20 respectively.

[0113] The feeding interface 40 includes a first feeding terminal 401 and a second feeding terminal 402, both of which are disposed on the first radiator 110. For the convenience of description, a feeding terminal close to the second radiator 120 is referred to as the first feeding terminal 401, and a feeding terminal close to the third radiator 130 is referred to as the second feeding terminal 402.

[0114] The first feeding end 401, the radiator 10 (including the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130), the dielectric substrate 30 and the metal floor 20 form a sub-antenna, which is referred to as the first antenna for ease of description. The second feeding end 402, the radiator 10 (including the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130), the dielectric substrate 30 and the metal floor 20 form another antenna, which is referred to as the second antenna.

[0115] The first antenna and the second antenna share a portion of the structure, which includes the antenna radiator 10, the metal floor 20, and the medium. By providing a plurality of sub-antennas with a shared portion of the structure, the plurality of sub-antennas can be connected together, which is beneficial to reducing the spacing between the plurality of sub-antennas, making the two sub-antennas closer together, thereby facilitating the reduction of the size of the entire antenna. When the antenna is applied to an electronic device, it is beneficial to reduce the space occupied in the electronic device.

[0116] In one embodiment of the present application, grounding regions are respectively provided on the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 for grounding connection. A first region 101 is provided on the side of the second radiator 120 away from the first radiator 110, and a second region 102 is provided on the side of the third radiator 130 away from the first radiator 110. The first region and the second region are respectively grounded to the metal floor. The length of the first region 101 is equal to the length of the second radiator, and the length of the second region 102 is equal to the length of the third radiator. It should be noted that the length of the first region 101, the length of the second radiator, the length of the second region 102 and the length of the third radiator all refer to the length in the y-axis direction.

[0117] Since the first area 101 and the second area 102 are grounded, the electromagnetic waves will be reflected after reaching the first area and the second area, and the distances between the feeding interface and the first area and the second area need to meet certain sizes so that the sub-antenna itself can meet the corresponding requirements and improve the isolation between the sub-antennas.

[0118] Therefore, by setting the first area 101 on the second radiator 120 at the side of the second radiator 120 away from the first radiator 110, and setting the second area 102 on the third radiator 130 at the side of the third radiator 130 away from the first radiator 110, the antenna can make full use of the width dimensions of the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 to meet the size setting requirements of the sub-antenna, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the entire antenna.

[0119] The second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 can be grounded to the metal floor 20 in a variety of ways. Taking the grounding method between the second radiator 120 and the metal floor 20 as an example, for example, the second radiator 120 and the metal floor 20 can be electrically connected through a metal column, and the second radiator 120 and the metal floor 20 can be electrically connected through a spring. The second radiator 120 and the metal floor 20 can also be electrically connected through multiple metal columns or multiple springs, or the second radiator 120 and the metal floor 20 are electrically connected through a metal connecting sheet with a certain width, so that an area on the second radiator 120 is grounded. The area is the area on the second radiator 120 corresponding to the metal connecting sheet, or the area is the area on the second radiator 120 corresponding to multiple metal columns / springs.

[0120] Similarly, the third radiator 130 and the metal floor 20 can be electrically connected through one or more metal pillars / springs, or through a metal connecting sheet with a certain width. The electrical connection between the third radiator 130 and the metal floor 20 can refer to the electrical connection between the second radiator 120 and the metal floor 20.

[0121] It should be noted that when the metal column is formed in the dielectric substrate, the metal column may also be a metallized via.

[0122] In the embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 As shown, the second radiator 120 is electrically connected to the metal floor 20 through the first metal connecting sheet 210, and the first metal connecting sheet 210 is arranged near 1 on the second radiator 120. The third radiator 130 is electrically connected to the metal floor 20 through the second metal connecting sheet 220, and the second metal connecting sheet 220 is arranged near the second side 1301 on the third radiator 130. The first side 1201 is a side of the second radiator 120 away from the first radiator 110, and the second side 1301 is a side of the third radiator 130 away from the first radiator 110. Figure 5 As shown, the grounding area on the second radiator 120 is the first area 101 , and a side of the first area 101 coincides with the first side 1201 ; the grounding area on the third radiator 130 is the second area 102 , and a side of the second area 102 coincides with the second side 1301 .

[0123] Since the ground terminal on the second radiator 120 and the ground terminal on the third radiator 130 are both arranged on the side away from the first radiator 110, the first feeding terminal 401 is arranged on the first radiator 110, so that the distance between the first feeding terminal 401 and the ground terminal on the second radiator 120 can be set as large as possible, so as to fully utilize the sizes of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. Similarly, the second feeding terminal 402 is arranged on the first radiator 110, so that the distance between the second feeding terminal 402 and the ground terminal on the third radiator 130 can be set as large as possible, so as to fully utilize the sizes of the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130.

[0124] Since the first feeding end 401 is disposed on the first radiator 110, and the first feeding end 401 is closer to the second radiator 120, and the first feeding end 401 is farther from the third radiator 130, the radiation intensity of the first antenna on the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is stronger, and the radiation intensity on the third radiator 130 is weaker. Similarly, the second feeding end 402 is disposed on the first radiator 110, and the second feeding end 402 is closer to the third radiator 130, and the second feeding end 402 is farther from the second radiator 120, therefore, the radiation intensity of the second antenna on the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130 is stronger, and the radiation intensity on the second radiator 120 is weaker.

[0125] The positions of the first feeding terminal 401 and the second feeding terminal 402 on the first radiator 110 will affect the size setting of the sub-antenna, and further affect the working performance of the sub-antenna. For example, the distance from the first feeding terminal 401 to each side edge on the second radiator 120 will affect the performance of the first antenna. The distance from the second feeding terminal 402 to each side edge on the third radiator 130 will affect the performance of the second antenna, and further affect the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0126] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 5As shown, the first feeding end 401 and the second feeding end 402 are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the first radiator 110 (the center line in the y-axis direction), and the first feeding end 401 is arranged on one side of the center line, close to the second radiator 120; the second feeding end 402 is located on the other side of the center line, close to the third radiator 130. Among them, the shapes of the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 are all rectangular. The lengths (dimensions in the y-axis direction) of the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 are the same, and the widths (dimensions in the x-axis direction) of the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 are the same, but are both smaller than the width (dimensions in the x-axis direction) of the first radiator 110. The first gap 160 and the second gap 170 can be set to the same width or different widths. The width of the first connection structure 50 is set to be equal to the width of the first gap 160, and the width of the second connection structure 60 is set to be equal to the width of the second gap 170. The length of the first connection structure 50 and the length of the second connection structure 60 may be equal or unequal. The length of the first connection structure 50 refers to the size of the first connection structure 50 in the y-axis direction, and the length of the second connection structure 60 refers to the size of the second connection structure 60 in the y-axis direction.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, the widths of the first gap 160 and the second gap 170 are equal, and the widths of the first connection structure 50 and the second connection structure 60 are unequal. The widths of the first gap 160 and the second gap 170 refer to the dimensions in the x-axis direction; the widths of the first connection structure 50 and the second connection structure 60 refer to the dimensions in the x-axis direction; and the lengths of the first connection structure 50 and the second connection structure 60 refer to the dimensions in the y-axis direction.

[0128] It should be noted that the shapes of the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 can also be set to other shapes, for example, they can be set to square, parallelogram, circle, ellipse, or other irregular shapes. The shapes of the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 and the widths of the first gap 160 and the second gap 170 can be set according to the performance requirements of the sub-antenna, and the corresponding requirements can be met. The performance of the sub-antenna can refer to the S parameters of the sub-antenna, the directivity of the sub-antenna, the working frequency band of the sub-antenna, etc.

[0129] When the antenna is connected to the RF circuit in the electronic device, there is also the problem of impedance matching. In order to obtain better impedance matching, refer to Figure 5, a grounding structure is also provided on the first radiator 110 of the antenna, the first radiator 110 is grounded and connected to the metal floor 20, and the impedance matching of the antenna is adjusted. Specifically, one area of ​​the first radiator 110 is grounded and connected to the metal floor 20 through a third metal connecting sheet (not shown in the figure), and another area of ​​the first radiator 110 is grounded and connected to the metal floor 20 through a fourth metal connecting sheet 240. The third metal connecting sheet and the fourth metal connecting sheet 240 are located at the midline position of the first feeding terminal 401 and the second feeding terminal 402, and there is a gap between the third metal connecting sheet and the fourth metal connecting sheet 240. The contact area between the third metal sheet and the first radiator 110 is the third area 103, and the contact area between the fourth metal connecting sheet 240 and the first radiator 110 is the fourth area 104.

[0130] The third metal connection sheet and the fourth metal connection sheet 240 may be metal connection sheets of the same size, and may be symmetrically arranged about a center line of the first radiator 110 in the x-direction.

[0131] By grounding the first radiator 110, it is equivalent to connecting an inductor to the antenna. By setting the size and position relationship of the third metal connecting plate and the fourth metal connecting plate 240, it is equivalent to adjusting the resistance of the inductor, so that the antenna can achieve impedance matching with the RF circuit.

[0132] It should be noted that the purpose of providing the third metal connecting plate and the fourth metal connecting plate 240 on the first radiator 110 is to improve the impedance matching of the antenna. The embodiment of the present application provides a specific setting form, but the grounding structure on the first radiator 110 is not limited thereto. For example, only one metal connecting plate can be provided on the first radiator 110 for grounding, or multiple metal connecting plates can be provided on the first radiator 110 for grounding. The first radiator 110 can also be grounded to the metal floor 20 by means of a metal column or a spring. In addition, the grounding area and the grounding position on the first radiator 110 can be adjusted as needed to achieve impedance matching between the antenna and the radio frequency circuit.

[0133] In another embodiment of the present application, impedance matching between the antenna and the radio frequency circuit may be achieved in other ways. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6As shown, the structure of the antenna can be improved to achieve impedance matching between the antenna and the radio frequency circuit. Specifically, a first annular through groove 107 is provided on the first radiator 110, and the first annular through groove 107 is provided around the first feeding end 401. A second annular through groove 108 is provided on the first radiator 110, and the second annular through groove 108 is provided around the second feeding end 402.

[0134] The first annular groove 107 can be a circular groove, a square groove, or an annular groove of other shapes. Similarly, the second annular groove 108 can be a circular groove, a square groove, or an annular groove of other shapes. In the embodiment of the present application, the first annular groove 107 and the second annular groove 108 are both square annular grooves. The first feeding terminal 401 is arranged at the center of the first annular groove 107, and the second feeding terminal 402 is arranged at the center of the second annular groove 108.

[0135] A first annular groove 107 is provided on the outer circumference of the first feeding end 401, and the first annular groove 107 can be equivalent to a capacitor to achieve impedance matching between the first antenna and the radio frequency circuit. By providing a second annular groove 108 on the outer circumference of the second feeding end 402, the second annular groove 108 can be equivalent to a capacitor to achieve impedance matching between the second antenna and the radio frequency circuit. The impedance matching between the first antenna and the radio frequency circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the first annular groove 107 (the size of the inner circle) and adjusting the width of the second annular groove 108 (the difference between the outer circle and the inner circle). Similarly, the impedance matching between the second antenna and the radio frequency circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the second annular groove 108 (the size of the inner circle) and adjusting the width of the second annular groove 108 (the difference between the outer circle and the inner circle).

[0136] In addition, impedance matching can be achieved in other ways. For example, an impedance matching network can be added to the feeding end of the sub-antenna to achieve impedance matching between the sub-antenna and the RF circuit. Figure 7 , Figure 7 for Figure 4 The antenna shown in the figure is connected with a matching network. Figure 7 As shown, the antenna in the figure is Figure 4The antenna shown can add a first impedance matching network on the first feeding terminal 401, and add a second impedance matching network on the second feeding terminal 402 to achieve impedance matching between the first antenna and the second antenna and the radio frequency circuit. The first impedance matching network and the second impedance matching network can be composed of components such as resistors, inductors and capacitors. The specific structure of the impedance matching network needs to be set according to the impedance of the antenna and the impedance of the radio frequency circuit to achieve impedance matching between the antenna and the radio frequency circuit. In this embodiment, the first impedance matching network added to the first feeding terminal 401 is a capacitor, and the second impedance matching network added to the second feeding terminal 402 is also a capacitor.

[0137] refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , Figure 8 for Figure 4 The S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation is shown in the figure. Fig. 9 for Figure 4 The impedance of the antenna shown in the figure is shown in the Smith chart. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, in the absence of impedance matching, the antenna's S11 parameter is less than -6dB, which shows that the antenna's operating frequency band is narrow. From the antenna's S21 curve, it can be seen that there are three decoupling frequencies, but these three decoupling frequencies are not within the antenna's operating frequency band. Fig. 9 It can be seen that without impedance matching, the impedance of the antenna is in the inductive region, and the overall working condition of the antenna is poor.

[0138] refer to Fig.10 and Fig.11 , Fig.10 for Figure 6 The S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation is shown in the figure. Fig.11 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the position of the impedance of the antenna shown in the Smith chart. Figure 6 The antenna is compared to Figure 4 The antenna has a first annular through groove 107 and a second annular through groove 108 added thereto for impedance matching, thereby performing impedance matching between the antenna and the radio frequency network. Fig.10 As shown, taking the S11 parameter of the antenna as less than -6dB as the standard, it can be seen that after adding the first annular through groove 107 and the second annular through groove 108 to the antenna, Figure 6 The antenna shown can work in a wider frequency band. From the S21 curve of the antenna, it can be seen that there are three decoupling frequencies, and these three decoupling frequencies are all within the working frequency band of the antenna, that is, Figure 6 The antenna shown can achieve self-decoupling at three decoupling frequency points, so that the antenna can be decoupled in a wider frequency band. Figure 8 and Fig.10 It can be seen that Fig.10 Compared with the S21 curve in Figure 8 The S21 curve in the figure changes little, which means that after adding the matching network, the matching network has little effect on the S21 parameters of the antenna. Fig.11 It can be seen that after adding the matching network, the impedance of the antenna in the Smith chart is Fig. 9 In comparison, the antenna impedance moves to near the origin, and the antenna impedance is close to 50 ohms, indicating that the antenna has good working performance.

[0139] Similarly, Figure 7 The antenna shown is simulated and analyzed. Fig.12 and Fig.13 , Fig.12 for Figure 7 The S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation is shown in the figure. Fig.13 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the position of the impedance of the antenna shown in the Smith chart. Figure 7 The antenna is compared to Figure 4 An impedance matching network is added to the antenna to perform impedance matching between the antenna and the RF network. Figure 7 The antenna shown is Figure 6 The antennas shown are not much different except that Figure 6 The antenna shown is impedance matched by the first annular groove 107 and the second annular groove 108. Figure 7 The antenna shown is impedance matched through an impedance matching network. It can be seen that Fig.12 and Fig.10 The difference is smaller, Fig.13 and Fig.11 The difference is smaller.

[0140] like Fig.12 As shown, taking the S11 parameter of the antenna as less than -6dB as the standard, it can be seen that after adding an impedance matching network to the antenna, Figure 7 The antenna shown can work in a wider frequency band. From the S21 curve of the antenna, it can be seen that there are three decoupling frequencies, and these three decoupling frequencies are all within the working frequency band of the antenna, that is, Figure 7 The antenna shown can achieve self-decoupling at three decoupling frequency points, so that the antenna can be decoupled in a wider frequency band. Figure 8 and Fig.12 It can be seen that Fig.12 Compared with the S21 curve in Figure 8 The S21 curve in the figure changes little, which means that after adding the matching network, the matching network has little effect on the S21 parameters of the antenna. Fig.13 It can be seen that after adding the matching network, Fig. 9In comparison, the antenna impedance moves to near the origin, and the antenna impedance is close to 50 ohms, indicating that the antenna has good working performance.

[0141] Next, Figure 5 The antenna shown in the figure is simulated and analyzed. It should be noted that when performing the simulation analysis, Figure 5 The antenna shown in the figure is added with a matching network to achieve impedance matching between the antenna and the RF circuit. Figure 7 The impedance matching network shown in .

[0142] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 The antenna shown in the figure is simulated, wherein an impedance matching network is added between the antenna and the RF circuit during the simulation to achieve impedance matching. Some parameters of the antenna can refer to the following data: the width H of the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 can all be set to 15 mm, the distance W from the first side 1201 to the center line of the first radiator 110 in the y-axis direction is 15 mm, the distance from the second side 1301 to the center line of the first radiator 110 in the y-axis direction is 15 mm, and the height of the antenna (the distance from the radiator 10 to the dielectric substrate 30) is 5 mm.

[0143] refer to Fig.14 , Fig.14 for Figure 5 Another S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation is shown in FIG. Fig.14 As shown, it can be seen from the S21 curve in the figure that the antenna has three self-decoupling frequency points, which can be called the first self-decoupling frequency point, the second self-decoupling frequency point and the third self-decoupling frequency point. Fig.14 In the figure, three self-decoupling frequency points are formed near 5.2 GHz, 5.8 GHz and 6 GHz respectively. At the self-decoupling frequency points, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is all greater than 20 dB (S21<-20dB).

[0144] It should be noted that the first self-decoupling frequency in the embodiment of the present application may be the frequency corresponding to the first self-decoupling frequency point, the second self-decoupling frequency may be the frequency corresponding to the second self-decoupling frequency point, and the third self-decoupling frequency may be the frequency corresponding to the third self-decoupling frequency point. Alternatively, the first self-decoupling frequency in the embodiment of the present application may be the frequency corresponding to the second self-decoupling frequency point, the second self-decoupling frequency may be the frequency corresponding to the first self-decoupling frequency point, and the third self-decoupling frequency may be the frequency corresponding to the third self-decoupling frequency point. That is, the first self-decoupling frequency, the second self-decoupling frequency and the third self-decoupling frequency of the antenna can be obtained through the S21 curve graph of the antenna.

[0145] According to the S11 curve, within the broadband range of 4.9GHz-6.3GHz, the S11 parameters are all less than -6dB, indicating that the impedance matching performance of the antenna is good. Within this bandwidth range, the isolation is all greater than 15dB (S21<-15dB), indicating that the isolation of the antenna is also relatively good.

[0146] The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application achieves a good decoupling effect in a wide bandwidth range (4.9 GHz-6.3 GHz) without adding an additional decoupling structure. The decoupling frequency can be tuned according to the width of the first connecting structure 50 and the second connecting structure 60, and the position of the first connecting structure 50 and the second connecting structure 60.

[0147] refer to Fig.15 , Fig.15 for Figure 5 The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) simulation curve of the antenna shown.

[0148] Among them, ECC represents the correlation between the two sub-antenna patterns, which is generally required to be less than 0.2. Due to the mutual influence of the coupling between the antennas, the ECC may be high. Fig.15 It can be seen that in the range of 4.9GHz-6.5GHz, ECC is all less than 0.1, indicating Figure 5 The diversity performance of the antenna shown is good.

[0149] refer to Fig.16 and Fig.17 , Fig.16 for Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna shown is when the first feeding terminal 401 feeds power at different frequencies. Fig.17 for Figure 5 The antenna shown is a current diagram of the antenna when the second feeding terminal 402 is fed with power at different frequencies.

[0150] in, Fig.16 (a) is Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna shown is when the first feeding end 401 is fed at 5 GHz, Fig.16 (b) is Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna shown is when the first feeding end 401 is fed at 5.5 GHz, Fig.16 (c) is Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is when the first feeding terminal 401 is feeding at 6 GHz. Fig.16As shown in (a), (b), and (c), the current intensity is relatively strong on the left side of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and relatively weak on the right side of the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130. That is, when the first feeding terminal 401 feeds power, the coupling current from the first antenna to the second antenna is relatively weak. Fig.16 As can be seen in (a), at 5 GHz, the current of the first antenna on the first radiator 110 and the current on the second radiator 120 flow in opposite directions. Fig.16 It can be seen from (b) and (c) that at 5.5 GHz and 6 GHz, the current of the first antenna on the first radiator 110 and the current on the second radiator 120 flow in the same direction.

[0151] Fig.17 (a) is Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna when the second feeding terminal 402 is feeding at 5 GHz is shown. Fig.17 (b) is Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna shown is when the second feeding terminal 402 is feeding at 5.5 GHz. Fig.17 (c) is Figure 5 The current diagram of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is when the second feeding terminal 402 of the antenna is fed at 6 GHz. Fig.17 As shown in (a), (b), and (c), the current intensity on the right side of the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130 is relatively strong, and the current intensity on the left side of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is relatively weak. That is, when the second feeding terminal 402 feeds power, the coupling current of the second antenna to the first antenna is relatively weak. Fig.17 As can be seen in (a) at 5 GHz, the current of the second antenna on the first radiator 110 and the current on the second radiator 120 flow in opposite directions. Fig.17 It can be seen from (b) and (c) that at 5.5 GHz and 6 GHz, the current of the second antenna on the first radiator 110 and the current on the second radiator 120 flow in the same direction.

[0152] Connect Fig.16 and Fig.17 It can be seen that the currents of the first antenna and the second antenna are relatively similar. When the currents of the two sub-antennas are relatively similar, the coupling between the two sub-antennas is also relatively weak, indicating that the decoupling effect of the two sub-antennas is good.

[0153] The working principle of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is explained below.

[0154] refer to Figures 18 to 20 , Fig.18 One of the decoupling path diagrams of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application; Fig.19A second decoupling path diagram of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 20 The third decoupling path diagram of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0155] by Figure 5 The antenna shown is used as an example, combined with Figure 5 and Fig.14 Yes, the antenna generates decoupling frequencies at three frequencies in total, and two self-decoupling coupling paths are generated at each self-decoupling frequency.

[0156] like Fig.18 As shown, when the first feeding terminal 401 is not fed and the second feeding terminal 402 is fed, the signal of the second feeding terminal 402 can be coupled to the first feeding terminal 401 through two paths, including a first path and a second path. The first path is path 1 ( Fig.18 The first path refers to the sum of the paths in which the RF signal of the second feeding terminal 402 is directly coupled to the first feeding terminal 401 through the antenna itself or the space outside the antenna. The second path is path 1 ( Fig.18 The path shown by the dashed line in the middle) and path 2 ( Fig.18 The second path refers to the sum of the paths along which the RF signal of the second feeding terminal 402 passes through the antenna itself or the space outside the antenna, reaches the side of the second radiator 120, and is reflected by the side of the second radiator 120 and coupled to the first feeding terminal 401.

[0157] The path difference between the second path and the first path is path 2 ( Fig.18 The path shown by the solid line in the middle). When the phase difference generated by the RF signal of the second feeding terminal 402 in path 2 is 180°, the coupling field of the RF signal of the second feeding terminal 402 through the first path at the first feeding terminal 401 and the coupling field of the RF signal of the second feeding terminal 402 through the second path at the first feeding terminal 401 cancel each other out, thereby realizing the self-decoupling of the antenna. It should be noted that the self-decoupling in the embodiment of the present application means that the decoupling between the sub-antennas can be achieved only by the structure of the antenna itself, without the need for decoupling through an additional structure.

[0158] When the RF signal of the second feeding end 402 is completely offset by the coupling field of the first path and the second path at the first feeding end 401, it means that the coupling of the RF signal of the second antenna at the first antenna is zero, which is the best case in theory. In actual application, due to reasons such as the tolerance of the antenna size, it is difficult to achieve complete offset of the coupling fields of the two paths. When the coupling fields on the two paths are less than or equal to the first threshold, it can be considered that the coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna is weak, and the coupling between the antennas meets the requirements of actual applications. The first threshold can be determined according to the actual application requirements of the antenna.

[0159] According to the above analysis, when the phase difference between the coupling field of the RF signal coupled to the first feeding terminal 401 through the first path and the coupling field coupled to the first feeding terminal 401 through the second path is 180°, the self-decoupling of the antenna can be achieved. That is, the phase difference generated by the RF signal in path 2 is 180°. Correspondingly, by setting the size of the antenna, the length of path 2 is adjusted so that the phase difference generated by the RF signal after being transmitted through path 2 is 180°, the self-decoupling of the antenna can be achieved.

[0160] like Fig.18 As shown, path 2 includes a first sub-path and a second sub-path, wherein the first sub-path may refer to a path from the first feeding end 401 to the first top end of the second radiator 120 (the top end at the upper left corner of the second radiator 120), and the path must pass through the first connection structure 50. Specifically, the first sub-path is the total path of the RF signal of the second feeding end from the first feeding end through the first connection structure to the second radiator before being reflected. The first sub-path is the path from the first feeding end 401 to the first top end through the first connection structure 50. This path can refer to Fig.16 The flow path of the main current in (b) and (c). The first top refers to a vertex on the second radiator 120 away from the first radiator 110, and the first top is also the endpoint of the first side 1201. The second sub-path can be the path of the first top of the second radiator reflected back to the first feeding end 401, and the second sub-path is the same as the first sub-path, but in the opposite direction. Specifically, the second sub-path is the total path of the RF signal from the second feeding end after being reflected on the second radiator and reaching the first feeding end through the first connection structure. Since the second radiator 120 is grounded, when the RF signal is transmitted to the side of the second radiator 120 through path 2, a reflection phase difference of 180° will be introduced at the ground end.

[0161] The distance between the first feeding end and the first connection point is the first length, the distance between the first connection point and the vertex of the second radiator away from the first radiator is the second length, the length of the first sub-path is the sum of the first length and the second length, and the sum of the first length and the second length is 0.4λ1 to 0.6λ1. The length of the second sub-path is equal to the length of the first sub-path.

[0162] The first connection point is a connection point on the connection edge between the first connection structure and the second radiator. The connection point can be any point on the connection edge. In order to facilitate the size design, the two end points or the midpoint of the connection edge are generally taken as the first connection point. In the embodiment of the present application, the midpoint of the connection edge between the first connection structure and the second radiator is used as the first connection point for description.

[0163] In order to achieve the purpose of 180° phase difference generated by the RF signal after transmission through path 2, the length of the first sub-path can be set to half the first wavelength (0.5λ1), and the length of the second sub-path can be set to half the first wavelength (0.5λ1). The first wavelength (λ1) here refers to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna in the dielectric substrate of the antenna. The first self-decoupling frequency is Fig.14 The frequency corresponding to one of the three self-decoupling frequency points shown in , for example, the first self-decoupling frequency is 5.2 GHz, then λ1 is the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of 5.2 GHz.

[0164] When the length of the first sub-path and the second sub-path is half the first wavelength, the path of the RF signal from the first feeding end 401 to the first top of the second radiator 120 on path 2 is 0.5λ1, and the path reflected from the first top of the second radiator 120 back to the first feeding end 401 is also 0.5λ1. The total length of the round-trip path is λ1, and the generated phase difference is 360°. Adding the reflection phase difference introduced by the RF signal at the ground end is 180°, the total phase difference is 540°, and since the RF signal has a cycle of 360°, the phase difference between the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the first path and the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the second path is 180°, and the coupling fields formed by the two at the first feeding end 401 cancel or weaken each other, so that the antenna can achieve self-decoupling.

[0165] Correspondingly, according to the above content, by setting the lengths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path to half the first wavelength (0.5λ1), the phase difference between the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the first path and the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the second path can be 180°. Since the RF signal has a period of 360°, the self-decoupling of the antenna can be achieved by setting the lengths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path to (0.5+k)λ1. Among them, k is a positive integer, for example, k is 1, 2, 3... However, compared with setting the lengths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path to 0.5λ1, the larger k is, the larger the size of the antenna is, and it can be set according to actual conditions.

[0166] In addition, it should be noted that, in practical applications, the length of the first subpath and the second subpath can be within a range near 0.5λ1, for example, within 0.5λ1 (1±20%), or within the range of (0.5+k)λ1 (1±20%). That is, setting its length to 0.5λ1 is the best case, and the coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna can be eliminated in theory. However, even if there is a certain coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna, as long as the relevant working requirements of the antenna are met during actual use. Specifically, the length setting of the first subpath and the second subpath can be determined according to the working requirements in practical applications, so as to meet the normal working requirements of the antenna. Moreover, in practical applications, due to processing tolerances and other reasons, the length of the first subpath cannot be processed to the above theoretical value.

[0167] In the embodiment of the present application, since the first sub-path is from the first feeding end 401 through the first connecting structure 50 to the first top end, the second sub-path is the same as the first sub-path, but in the opposite direction. Therefore, the lengths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path will be affected by the first connecting structure 50. If the length of the first connecting structure 50 changes, the paths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path will also change, causing the lengths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path to change, and then causing the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna to change. Similarly, when the position of the first connecting structure 50 changes, the paths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path will also change, which may cause the lengths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path to change, thereby affecting the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna.

[0168] Therefore, according to this principle, the decoupling frequency of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the first connection structure 50 and the position of the first connection structure 50 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 .

[0169] Similarly, in another embodiment of the present application, Fig.19 As shown, when the first feeding terminal 401 is feeding and the second feeding terminal 402 is not feeding, the signal of the first feeding terminal 401 can be coupled to the second feeding terminal 402 through two paths, including the third path and the fourth path. The third path is path 3 ( Fig.19 The third path refers to the sum of the paths in which the RF signal of the first feeding terminal 401 is directly coupled to the second feeding terminal 402 through the antenna itself or the space outside the antenna. The fourth path is path 3 ( Fig.19 The path shown by the dashed line in the middle) and path 4 ( Fig.19The fourth path refers to the sum of the paths in which the RF signal of the first feeding end 401 passes through the antenna itself or the space outside the antenna, reaches the side of the third radiator 130, and is reflected by the side of the third radiator 130 and coupled to the second feeding end 402.

[0170] The path difference between the fourth path and the third path is path 4 ( Fig.19 When the phase difference of the RF signal of the first feeding end 401 in path 4 is 180°, the coupling field of the RF signal of the first feeding end 401 at the second feeding end 402 through the third path and the coupling field of the RF signal of the first feeding end 401 at the second feeding end 402 through the fourth path cancel each other out, thereby realizing the self-decoupling of the antenna.

[0171] When the RF signal of the first feeding end 401 is completely offset in the coupling field of the second feeding end 402 through the third path and the fourth path, it means that the coupling of the RF signal of the first antenna to the second antenna is zero, which is the best case in theory. In actual application, due to reasons such as the tolerance of the antenna size, it is difficult to achieve complete offset of the coupling fields of the two paths. When the coupling fields on the two paths are less than or equal to the second threshold, it can be considered that the coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna is weak, and the coupling between the antennas meets the requirements of actual applications. The second threshold can be determined according to the actual application requirements of the antenna.

[0172] and Fig.18 The principle is the same as shown. When the RF signal of the first feeding terminal 401 is coupled to the coupling field of the second feeding terminal 402 through the third path, and the phase difference between the coupling field coupled to the second feeding terminal 402 through the fourth path is 180°, the self-decoupling of the antenna can be achieved.

[0173] Path 4 includes a third sub-path and a fourth sub-path, wherein the third sub-path may refer to a path from the second feeding end 402 to the second top end of the third radiator 130 (the top end of the upper right corner of the third radiator 130), and the path must pass through the second connection structure 60. Specifically, the third sub-path is the total path of the RF signal of the first feeding end from the second feeding end through the second connection structure to the third radiator before being reflected. The third sub-path is the closest path from the second feeding end 402 to the second top end through the second connection structure 60, and the path can refer to Fig.17The flow path of the main current in (b) and (c). The second top refers to a vertex on the third radiator 130 away from the first radiator 110, and the second top is also the endpoint of the second side 1301. The fourth sub-path is the path of the second top of the third radiator reflected back to the second feeding terminal 402. The fourth sub-path is the same as the third sub-path, but in the opposite direction. Specifically, the fourth sub-path is the total path of the RF signal from the first feeding terminal after being reflected on the third radiator and reaching the second feeding terminal through the second connection structure. Since the third radiator 130 is grounded, when the RF signal is transmitted to the side of the third radiator 130 through path 4, a reflection phase difference of 180° is introduced at the grounding terminal.

[0174] The distance between the second feeding end and the second connection point is the third length, the distance between the second connection point and the vertex of the third radiator away from the first radiator is the fourth length, the sum of the third length and the fourth length is 0.4λ2 to 0.6λ2, the length of the third sub-path is the sum of the third length and the fourth length, and the sum of the third length and the fourth length is 0.4λ2 to 0.6λ2. The length of the fourth sub-path is equal to the length of the third sub-path.

[0175] The second connection point is a connection point on the connection edge between the second connection structure and the third radiator. The connection point can be any point on the connection edge. In order to facilitate the size design, the two end points or the midpoint of the connection edge are generally taken as the first connection point. In the embodiment of the present application, the midpoint of the connection edge between the second connection structure and the third radiator is used as the second connection point for illustration.

[0176] To achieve this goal, the length of the third sub-path can be set to half the second wavelength (0.5λ2), and the length of the fourth sub-path can be set to half the second wavelength (0.5λ2). The second wavelength (λ2) here refers to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the second self-decoupling frequency of the antenna transmitted in the dielectric substrate. The second self-decoupling frequency is Fig.14 The frequency corresponding to one of the three self-decoupling frequency points shown in . It should be noted that λ2 is not equal to λ1. For example, if the second self-decoupling frequency is 5.8 GHz, then λ2 is the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of 5.8 GHz.

[0177] When the length of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path is half the second wavelength, the path of the RF signal from the second feeding end 402 to the second top of the third radiator 130 on path 4 is 0.5λ2, and the path reflected from the second top of the second radiator 120 back to the second feeding end 402 is also 0.5λ2. The total length of the round-trip path is λ2, and the generated phase difference is 360°. Adding the reflection phase difference introduced by the RF signal at the ground end is 180°, the total phase difference is 540°, and since the RF signal has a cycle of 360°, the phase difference between the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the third path and the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the fourth path is 180°, and the coupling fields formed by the two at the second feeding end 402 cancel or weaken each other, so that the antenna can achieve self-decoupling.

[0178] Correspondingly, according to the above content, by setting the lengths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path to half the second wavelength (0.5λ2), the phase difference between the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the third path and the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the fourth path can be 180°. Since the RF signal has a period of 360°, the lengths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path are set to (0.5+k)λ2, and the self-decoupling of the antenna can also be achieved. Wherein, k is a positive integer, for example, k is 1, 2, 3... However, compared with setting the lengths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path to 0.5λ2, the larger k is, the larger the size of the antenna, and it can be set according to actual conditions. It should be noted that in actual applications, the lengths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path can be within a range, for example, within the range of 0.5λ2 (1±20%) or (0.5+k)λ2 (1±20%).

[0179] Since the third sub-path is from the second feeding end 402 through the second connecting structure 60 to the second top end, the fourth sub-path is the same as the third sub-path, but in the opposite direction. Therefore, the lengths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path will be affected by the second connecting structure 60. If the length of the second connecting structure 60 changes, the paths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path will also change, causing the lengths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path to change, and then causing the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna to change. Similarly, when the position of the second connecting structure 60 changes, the paths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path will also change, which may cause the lengths of the third sub-path and the fourth sub-path to change, thereby affecting the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna.

[0180] Therefore, according to this principle, the decoupling frequency of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the second connection structure 60 and the position of the second connection structure 60 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 .

[0181] because Fig.18 and Fig.19 The decoupling frequencies of the antennas shown are different, so when the first connection structure 50 and the second connection structure 60 are both located at the midline of the first radiator 110 in the x-axis direction, it can be concluded that in the embodiment of the present application, the length of the first connection structure 50 is not equal to the length of the second connection structure 60. This is also the reason why the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve self-decoupling at different frequencies.

[0182] In another embodiment of the present application, Fig. 20 As shown, when the first feeding terminal 401 is feeding and the second feeding terminal 402 is not feeding, the signal of the first feeding terminal 401 can be coupled to the second feeding terminal 402 through two paths, including the fifth path and the sixth path. The fifth path is path 5 ( Fig. 20 The fifth path refers to the sum of the paths in which the RF signal of the first feeding terminal 401 is directly coupled to the second feeding terminal 402 through the antenna itself or the space outside the antenna. The sixth path is path 5 ( Fig. 20 The path shown by the dashed line in the middle) and path 6 ( Fig. 20 The sixth path refers to the sum of the paths of the RF signal of the first feeding end 401 passing through the antenna itself or the space outside the antenna, reaching the second side 1301 of the third radiator 130, and being coupled to the second feeding end 402 after being reflected by the second side 1301 of the third radiator 130. Among them, path 6 is a straight line path, and the path 6 exists regardless of whether the second connection structure 60 exists.

[0183] The path difference between the sixth path and the fifth path is path 6 ( Fig. 20 Path 6 includes a fifth sub-path and a sixth sub-path, wherein the fifth sub-path refers to a path from the second feeding terminal 402 to the second side 1301 of the third radiation. The sixth sub-path is a path reflected from the second side 1301 of the third radiation back to the second feeding terminal 402, and the sixth sub-path is the same as the fifth sub-path, but in the opposite direction. Since the third radiator 130 is grounded, when the RF signal is transmitted to the side of the third radiator 130 through path 4, a reflection phase difference of 180° is introduced at the grounding terminal.

[0184] The lengths of the fifth sub-path and the sixth sub-path are equal, and the lengths of the fifth sub-path and the sixth sub-path are the distances from the second feeding end to the side of the third radiator away from the first radiator, and the lengths thereof are 0.4λ3 to 0.6λ3.

[0185] Referring to the principles described in the above embodiments, the length of the fifth sub-path can be set to half the third wavelength (0.5λ3), and the length of the sixth sub-path can be set to half the third wavelength (0.5λ3). That is, the distance from the second feeding end to the side of the third radiator away from the first radiator (the second side 1301) is half of the third wavelength. The third wavelength (λ3) here refers to the wavelength corresponding to the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the third self-decoupling frequency of the antenna transmitted in the dielectric substrate. The third self-decoupling frequency is Fig.14 The frequency corresponding to one of the three self-decoupling frequency points shown in . It should be noted that λ3, λ2 and λ1 are not equal. For example, if the third self-decoupling frequency is 6 GHz, then λ3 is the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of 6 GHz.

[0186] When the lengths of the fifth sub-path and the sixth sub-path are half the wavelength, the path of the RF signal from the second feeding end 402 to the second side 1301 of the fifth radiator 150 on path 6 is 0.5λ3, and the path reflected from the second side 1301 of the second radiator 120 back to the second feeding end 402 is also 0.5λ3. The total length of the round-trip path is λ3, and the generated phase difference is 360°. Adding the reflection phase difference introduced by the RF signal at the ground end is 180°, the total phase difference is 540°, and since the RF signal has a cycle of 360°, the phase difference between the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the fifth path and the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the sixth path is 180°, and the coupling fields formed by the two at the second feeding end 402 cancel or weaken each other, so that the antenna can achieve self-decoupling.

[0187] Correspondingly, according to the above content, by setting the lengths of the fifth sub-path and the sixth sub-path to half the wavelength (0.5λ3), the phase difference between the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the first path and the coupling field generated by the RF signal through the second path can be 180°. Since the RF signal has a period of 360°, the lengths of the fifth sub-path and the sixth sub-path are set to (0.5+k)λ3, and the self-decoupling of the antenna can also be achieved. Wherein, k is a positive integer, for example, k is 1, 2, 3... However, compared with setting the lengths of the first sub-path and the second sub-path to 0.5λ3, the larger k is, the larger the size of the antenna, and it can be set according to actual conditions. It should be noted that in actual applications, the lengths of the fifth sub-path and the sixth sub-path can be within a range, for example, within the range of 0.5λ3 (1±20%) or (0.5+k)λ3 (1±20%).

[0188] Similarly, the distance from the first feeding end to the side of the second radiator away from the first radiator can also be set to half of the third wavelength. That is, the distance from the first feeding end to the side of the second radiator away from the first radiator (first side 1201) is half of the third wavelength.

[0189] According to the above introduction, the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application generates coupling of multiple paths through the setting of structure and size, so that the antenna has three self-decoupling frequency points. When these three self-decoupling frequency points are close to each other, a multi-bandwidth decoupling effect can be achieved.

[0190] For comparison, the present application also provides a patch antenna. Fig.21 , Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.21 As shown, the antenna Figure 5 The difference between the antenna shown is that there is no gap between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the two are directly connected; there is no gap between the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130, and the two are directly connected. That is, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 130 can be a whole.

[0191] refer to Fig. 22 and Fig.23 , Fig. 22 for Fig.21 The current diagram of the antenna when the antenna is fed at the first feeding terminal 401 is shown. Fig.23 for Fig.21 S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation shown.

[0192] like Fig. 22 As shown in FIG. 4 , when only the first feeding end 401 is fed, the current intensity is relatively strong on the left side of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and relatively weak on the right side of the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130. That is, when the first feeding end 401 is fed, the radiation intensity of the first antenna is mainly concentrated on the second radiator 120 and the part of the first radiator 110 close to the second radiator 120, and the main current flow direction on the second radiator 120 is opposite to the main current flow direction on the first radiator 110. This is consistent with Fig.16 The current diagram is similar to that shown in (a).

[0193] like Fig.23 As shown, the antenna S11 parameter is less than -6dB as the standard, according to Fig.23 From the S11 curve, we can see that Fig.21 The antenna shown operates at approximately 4.6 GHz to 5.1 GHz. Fig.23It can be seen from the S21 curve in that within the operating frequency range of the antenna, the antenna is not decoupled, that is, the isolation of the antenna is poor.

[0194] For comparison, another patch antenna is also provided in the present application embodiment. Fig.24 , Fig.24 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.24 As shown, the antenna Figure 5 The difference between the antenna shown is that a gap is provided between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, but the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are not connected by a connecting structure. A gap is also provided between the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130, but the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130 are not connected by a connecting structure. Figure 5 Compared to the antenna shown, Fig.24 The antenna shown is not provided with the first connecting structure 50 and the second connecting structure 60 .

[0195] refer to Fig.25 Fig.26 , Fig.25 for Fig.24 The current diagram of the antenna when the antenna is fed at the first feeding terminal 401 is shown. Fig.26 for Fig.24 S-parameter curve of the antenna simulation shown.

[0196] like Fig.25 As shown, Fig.25 (a) and (b) in the figure show the current diagrams at different frequencies. Fig.25 It can be seen from both (a) and (b) that when only the first feeding end 401 is fed, the current intensity is stronger on the left side of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the current intensity is weaker on the right side of the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130. That is, when the first feeding end 401 is fed, the radiation intensity of the first antenna is mainly concentrated on the second radiator 120 and the part of the first radiator 110 close to the second radiator 120, and the main current flow direction on the second radiator 120 is the same as the main current flow direction on the first radiator 110.

[0197] like Fig.26 As shown, the antenna S11 parameter is less than -6dB as the standard, according to Fig.26 From the S11 curve, we can see that Fig.24 The antenna shown operates at approximately 2.9 GHz to 3.2 GHz and 4.9 GHz to 5.4 GHz. Fig.26It can be seen from the S21 curve in that within the operating frequency range of the antenna, the antenna is not decoupled, that is, the isolation of the antenna is also poor.

[0198] according to Figure 14-17 , and contrast Figure 21-26 It can be seen that the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a first gap 160 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are connected by a first connecting structure 50. A second gap 170 is provided between the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130, and the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130 are connected by a second connecting structure 60. The obtained antenna has a good decoupling effect in a wider bandwidth range (4.9GHz-6.3GHz), so that the antenna has good isolation in a wider bandwidth range. The first connecting structure 50 and the second connecting structure 60 are the structures of the antenna itself, and the above effects are achieved without using additional structures and components.

[0199] In an embodiment of the present application, the frequency position of the first decoupling frequency point can be changed by adjusting the length and position of the first connecting structure 50. The frequency position of the second decoupling frequency point can be changed by adjusting the length and position of the second connecting structure 60.

[0200] refer to Fig. 27 , Fig. 27 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 27 As shown, the center line of the first connection structure 50 in the x-axis direction is not on the same straight line as the center line of the second connection structure 60 in the x-axis direction. Figure 5 In the antenna shown, the position of the first connecting structure 50 changes, causing the second path to change, thereby causing the difference between the second path and the first path to change, and then causing the self-decoupling frequency to change. When the length of the first connecting structure 50 is changed, the second path will also change, thereby adjusting the difference between the second path and the first path. Therefore, the difference between the second path and the first path can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the first connecting structure 50 and the length of the first connecting structure 50 at the same time, thereby achieving the adjustment of the antenna self-decoupling frequency.

[0201] Similarly, the difference between the fourth path and the third path may be adjusted by adjusting the position of the second connection structure 60 and the length of the second connection structure 60 , thereby adjusting the antenna self-decoupling frequency.

[0202] In an embodiment of the present application, the first connection structure 50 and the second connection structure 60 may be metal structures, such as metal sheets or metal connection wires, metal blocks, etc. In addition, the first connection structure 50 and the second connection structure 60 may also be electronic components.

[0203] refer to Fig.28 , Fig.28 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.28 As shown, the first connection structure 50 can be a capacitor or an inductor, and the second connection structure 60 can also be a capacitor or an inductor. When the first connection structure 50 uses electronic components, the electronic components will change the phase of the coupling field through path 2, and the change in phase can be equivalent to the change in the length of path 2, thereby achieving the tuning of the self-decoupling frequency. Similarly, when the second connection structure 60 uses electronic components, the electronic components will change the phase of the coupling field through path 4, and the change in phase can be equivalent to the change in the length of path 4, thereby achieving the tuning of the self-decoupling frequency.

[0204] In one embodiment of the present application, the change of the antenna self-decoupling frequency is simulated and analyzed by adjusting only the length of the first connecting structure 50 and the second connecting structure 60. Since the principle of adjusting the first connecting structure 50 and the second connecting structure 60 to change the antenna self-decoupling frequency is the same, the following takes adjusting the length of the second connecting structure 60 as an example, and simulates and analyzes the S parameters of the antenna after the length of the second connecting structure 60 is changed.

[0205] Specifically, Figure 5 Taking the antenna shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the S parameters of the antenna are simulated when the length of the second connection structure 60 is 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm respectively, and the results are as follows: Fig.29 The S21 parameter diagram shown.

[0206] refer to Fig.29 , Fig.29 for Figure 5 The S21 parameter curve of the antenna shown in FIG. 6 is when the length of the second connecting structure 60 changes. Specifically, Fig.29 for Figure 5 The S21 parameter curve diagram of the antenna is shown when the lengths of the second connecting structure 60 are 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm respectively.

[0207] like Fig.29 As shown, adjust Figure 5In the antenna shown, when the length L2 of the second connecting structure 60 is 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm, the first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna and the third self-decoupling frequency of the antenna do not change much. However, when the length L2 of the second connecting structure 60 is 1 mm, the second self-decoupling frequency of the antenna is about 5.25 GHz. When the length L2 of the second connecting structure 60 is 2 mm, the second self-decoupling frequency of the antenna is about 5.5 GHz. When the length L2 of the second connecting structure 60 is 3 mm, the second self-decoupling frequency of the antenna is about 5.7 GHz. That is, by changing the length L2 of the second connecting structure 60, the position of the second self-decoupling frequency can be changed, and the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna can be tuned.

[0208] In addition, when the length L2 of the second connection structure 60 is 1 mm and 2 mm, it can be seen that the resonance depth of the antenna at the third self-decoupling frequency is relatively shallow. When the length L2 of the second connection structure 60 is 3 mm, it can be seen that when the second self-decoupling frequency approaches the third self-decoupling frequency, the resonance depth of the antenna at the third self-decoupling frequency gradually deepens.

[0209] Since in the present application, the functions of the first connecting structure 50 and the second connecting structure 60 are the same, based on the same principle, by adjusting the length of the first connecting structure 50, the position of the first self-decoupling frequency point can also be adjusted to tune the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna.

[0210] Based on the principles described in the above embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, a patch antenna is also provided. Fig.30 , Fig.30 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0211] like Fig.30 As shown, the antenna Figure 5 The antenna structure shown is similar, Fig.30 The antenna shown is Figure 5 The antennas shown differ in that: Fig.30 In the antenna shown, no second gap 170 is provided between the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130, and the first radiator 110 is directly connected to the third radiator 130. The first radiator 110 and the third radiator 130 may also be integrally formed.

[0212] Similarly, Fig.30 The antenna shown in the figure can also be deformed as follows: the first gap 160 is not provided between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are directly connected, that is, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can be integrally formed. Figure 5 The antennas shown are identical.

[0213] by Fig.30 The antenna shown in the figure is used as an example to perform simulation analysis, and the effect of the length change of the first connection structure 50 on the antenna performance is also simulated and analyzed. The lengths of the first connection structure 50 are 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm respectively.

[0214] refer to Fig.31 , Fig.31 for Fig.30 The S21 parameter curve of the antenna shown. Specifically, Fig.31 The curve Z1 in Fig.30 The S21 parameter curve of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is when the length L1 of the first connection structure 50 is 1 mm. Fig.31 The curve Z2 in Fig.30 The S21 parameter curve of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is when the length L1 of the first connection structure 50 is 2 mm. Fig.31 The curve Z3 in Fig.30 The S21 parameter curve of the antenna shown is when the length L1 of the first connecting structure 50 is 3 mm. Fig.31 It can be seen that Fig.30 The antenna has two self-decoupling frequency points. Fig.30 When the length L1 of the first connecting structure 50 of the antenna shown and the length L1 of the second connecting structure 60 are 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm, the second self-decoupling frequency of the antenna does not change much. However, when the length L1 of the first connecting structure 50 is 1 mm, the first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna is about 5.1 GHz. When the length L1 of the first connecting structure 50 is 2 mm, the first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna is about 5.3 GHz. When the length L1 of the first connecting structure 50 is 3 mm, the first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna is about 5.4 GHz. That is, by changing the length L1 of the second connecting structure 60, the position of the first self-decoupling frequency can be changed, and the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna can be tuned.

[0215] In addition, according to Fig.31 It can be seen that when the length L1 of the first connection structure 50 is 1 mm and 2 mm, the resonance depth of the antenna at the second self-decoupling frequency is relatively shallow. When the length L1 of the second connection structure 60 is 3 mm, it can be seen that when the first self-decoupling frequency approaches the second self-decoupling frequency, Fig.30 The resonance depth of the antenna shown at the second self-decoupling frequency point gradually deepens.

[0216] In an embodiment of the present application, when the distance between the first feeding end 401 and the second feeding end 402 is relatively large, a plurality of grounding devices may be provided on the first radiator 110. Fig.32 , Fig.32A schematic diagram of another patch antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. When the first radiator 110 needs to be grounded to the metal floor 20 to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna, multiple grounding areas can be set on the first radiator 110. Specifically, Fig.32 As shown, four grounding areas are provided on the first radiator 110, and each grounding area can be grounded to the metal floor 20 through a metal column, a metal spring or a metal connecting sheet. In the embodiment of the present application, the four grounding areas on the first radiator 110 are grounded through four metal connecting sheets respectively. Fig.32 The antenna shown is compared to Figure 5 The antenna shown has two ground planes added. Fig.32 In the antenna shown, the grounding area on the first radiator 110 includes a third area 103, a fourth area 104, a fifth area 105 and a sixth area 106. The four grounding areas can be set to be the same size, and the four grounding areas are arranged along the four corners of the rectangle so that two adjacent grounding areas can be aligned.

[0217] Among them, the third area 103 is connected to the metal floor 20 through the third metal connecting sheet, the fourth area 104 is connected to the metal floor 20 through the fourth metal connecting sheet 240, the fifth area 105 is connected to the metal floor 20 through the fifth metal connecting sheet (not shown in the figure), and the sixth area 106 is connected to the metal floor 20 through the sixth metal connecting sheet (not shown in the figure). The setting of the grounding area is mainly to achieve impedance matching between the antenna and the radio frequency network. Therefore, the specific position setting and size setting of the grounding area on the antenna can be set according to the requirements of impedance matching, so as to meet the impedance matching between the antenna and the radio frequency network.

[0218] In the embodiment of the present application, the size of the first antenna will affect the first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna, and the size of the second antenna will affect the second self-decoupling frequency of the entire antenna, wherein the size of the first antenna includes the distance from the first feeding end 401 to the second radiator 120, the width of the first gap 160, the length of the first connecting structure 50, and the position of the first connecting structure 50. The size of the second antenna includes the distance from the second feeding end 402 to the third radiator 130, the width of the second gap 170, the length of the second connecting structure 60, and the position of the second connecting structure 60. However, the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna has little effect on the self-decoupling frequency of the entire antenna. This is because the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna will affect the length of the first path and the third path, but will not affect the path difference between the second path and the first path, nor will it affect the path difference between the fourth path and the third path. The path difference between the second path and the first path, and the path difference between the fourth path and the third path will affect the self-decoupling frequency of the antenna. This conclusion can be drawn from the relevant descriptions in the aforementioned embodiments and Fig.18 and Fig.19 Therefore, the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna can be freely adjusted, and the distance has little effect on the self-decoupling of the antenna. The distance between the first antenna and the second antenna may refer to the distance between the first feeding terminal 401 and the second feeding terminal 402.

[0219] In order to verify the above conclusions, the present application embodiment is based on Fig.32 The antenna shown in the figure is simulated and analyzed. The distance L between the third area 103 and the fifth area 105 represents the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna (the distance between the first feeding end 401 and the third area 103 in the x-axis direction remains unchanged, and the distance between the second feeding end 402 and the fifth area 105 in the x-axis direction remains unchanged).

[0220] refer to Fig.33 , Fig.33 for Fig.32 The S21 parameter diagram of the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna shown in the figure is at different distances. For example, the distance L between the third area 103 and the fifth area 105 is 3 mm, 5 mm and 7 mm respectively. Fig.32 The antenna shown is simulated.

[0221] Fig.33 Z1 in Fig.32 The S21 parameter diagram of the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna shown is at a distance L of 3 mm. Fig.33 Z2 in Fig.32 The S21 parameter diagram of the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna shown is at a distance L of 5 mm. Fig.33 The Z3 representation in Fig.32 The S21 parameter diagram of the first antenna and the second antenna in the shown antenna at a distance L of 7 mm.

[0222] according to Fig.33 It can be seen that at different distances L, although the S21 parameter has a slight change, Fig.32 The self-decoupling frequency of the antenna shown does not change significantly. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the change in the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna does not have a significant impact on the self-decoupling frequency of the entire antenna.

[0223] In another embodiment of the present application, refer to Fig.34 , Fig.34 for Figure 5 The height of the third region 103 in the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is an S21 parameter diagram under different parameters. The heights of the third region 103 and the fourth region 104 can be the same. For example, the heights h of the third region 103 are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm, respectively. Figure 5 The antenna shown is simulated.

[0224] Fig.34 Z1 in Figure 5 The S21 parameter diagram when the height h of the third region 103 in the antenna is 2 mm, Fig.34 Z2 in Figure 5 The S21 parameter diagram when the height h of the third region 103 in the antenna is 4 mm, Fig.34 The Z3 representation in Figure 5 The S21 parameter diagram when the height h of the third region 103 in the antenna is 6 mm.

[0225] according to Fig.34 It can be seen that when the third region 103 is at different heights h, the influence on the S21 parameter is small. Figure 5 The self-decoupling frequency of the antenna shown has not changed significantly. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the height change of the grounding area on the first radiator 110 has no significant impact on the self-decoupling frequency of the entire antenna. This is because the height change of the grounding area on the first radiator 110 has little effect on the path difference of each antenna.

[0226] In the above embodiment, an antenna consisting of two sub-antennas, a first antenna and a second antenna, is introduced. In practical applications, in order to obtain a higher throughput rate, a same-frequency antenna consisting of three or four sub-antennas is sometimes required in an electronic device. Based on the principles introduced in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application also provides another patch antenna.

[0227] refer to Fig.35 , Fig.35This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.35 As shown, the antenna includes three sub-antennas, namely the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna. Figure 5 The difference between the antenna shown is that it further includes a fourth radiator 140 , a third connection structure 70 and a third feeding terminal 403 , a third gap is provided between the fourth radiator 140 and the first radiator 110 , and the fourth radiator 140 and the first radiator 110 are connected via the third connection structure 70 .

[0228] The first radiator 110 can be divided into a first sub-radiator 1101, a second sub-radiator 1102, a third sub-radiator 1103 and a fourth sub-radiator 1104. The first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 130 and the fourth radiator 140 are grounded to the metal floor 20 respectively. The grounding between the first radiator 110 and the metal floor 20 is to achieve impedance matching of the antenna.

[0229] The second sub-radiator 1102, the third sub-radiator 1103 and the fourth sub-radiator 1104 have the same size. The first sub-radiator 1101 is a cube. The second sub-radiator 1102, the third sub-radiator 1103 and the fourth sub-radiator 1104 are respectively connected to one side of the first sub-radiator 1101 to form Fig.35 The first radiator 110 is shown. It should be noted that the first sub-radiator 1101, the second sub-radiator 1102, the third sub-radiator 1103 and the fourth sub-radiator 1104 are only for the convenience of explaining the shape of the first radiator 110, and do not limit the first radiator 110 to be composed of multiple parts. The first sub-radiator 1101, the second sub-radiator 1102, the third sub-radiator 1103 and the fourth sub-radiator 1104 can be integrally formed, that is, the first radiator 110 can be a complete metal plate.

[0230] Among them, there is a first gap 160 between the second radiator 120 and the second sub-radiator 1102, and the second radiator 120 is connected to the second sub-radiator 1102 through a first connecting structure 50; there is a second gap 170 between the third radiator 130 and the third sub-radiator 1103, and the third radiator 130 is connected to the third sub-radiator 1103 through a second connecting structure 60; there is a third gap 180 between the fourth radiator 140 and the fourth sub-radiator 1104, and the fourth radiator 140 is connected to the fourth sub-radiator 1104 through a third connecting structure 70.

[0231] The second radiator 120, the third radiator 130 and the fourth radiator 140 can be set to the same size, and the first gap 160, the second gap 170 and the third gap 180 can be set to have equal widths. The lengths of the first connection structure 50, the second connection structure 60 and the third connection structure 70 can be set to be different or the same, which can be determined according to the self-decoupling requirements of the antenna. In the embodiment of the present application, the lengths of the first connection structure 50, the second connection structure 60 and the third connection structure 70 are all different.

[0232] The second sub-radiator 1102 is provided with a first feeding terminal 401, the third sub-radiator 1103 is provided with a second feeding terminal 402, and the fourth sub-radiator 1104 is provided with a third feeding terminal 403. The first feeding terminal 401 and the radiator 10 of the antenna form a first antenna, the second feeding terminal 402 and the radiator 10 of the antenna form a second antenna, and the third feeding terminal 403 and the radiator 10 of the antenna form a third antenna. The radiator 10 of the antenna includes a first radiator 110, a second radiator 120, a third radiator 130 and a fourth radiator 140.

[0233] according to Fig.35 It can be seen from the structure of the antenna shown in the figure that any two of the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna can constitute the antenna described in the above embodiment. Figure 5 For example, the first antenna and the second antenna are Figure 5 The first antenna (or the second antenna) and the third antenna are the same as those shown. Figure 5 The difference between the antennas shown is that the position of the third antenna has changed, but the working principle is the same Figure 5 The antennas shown are the same and have the same effect. Therefore, any two of the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna can achieve the multi-band broadband self-decoupling effect described in the above embodiments.

[0234] Based on the same principle, reference Fig.36 , Fig.36 A schematic diagram of the structure of another patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0235] like Fig.36 As shown, the antenna includes four sub-antennas, namely the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna. Fig.35The difference between the antenna shown is that it further includes a fifth radiator 150, a fourth connection structure 80 and a fourth feeding terminal 404, and the first radiator 110 further includes a fifth sub-radiator 1105. There is a fourth gap between the fifth radiator 150 and the first radiator 110, and the fifth radiator 150 is connected to the first radiator 110 via the fourth connection structure. The second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator and the fifth radiator are respectively located in four directions of the first radiator.

[0236] The first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 130, the fourth radiator 140 and the fifth radiator 150 are respectively grounded to the metal floor 20. The first radiator 110 is grounded to the metal floor 20 to achieve impedance matching of the antenna.

[0237] The first sub-radiator 1101 is a cube, and the second sub-radiator 1102, the third sub-radiator 1103, the fourth sub-radiator 1104 and the fifth sub-radiator 1105 are respectively connected to one side of the first sub-radiator 1101, so that the first radiator 110 is a centrally symmetrical shape. The shape of the first radiator 110 is as follows: Fig.36 shown.

[0238] There is a fourth gap 190 between the fifth radiator 150 and the fifth sub-radiator 1105, and the fifth radiator 150 and the fifth sub-radiator 1105 are connected by a fourth connecting structure 80. In the embodiment of the present application, the first gap 160, the second gap 170, the third gap 180 and the fourth gap 190 can be set to have equal widths. The second radiator 120, the third radiator 130, the fourth radiator 140 and the fifth radiator 150 can be set to the same size. The lengths of the first connecting structure 50, the second connecting structure 60, the third connecting structure 70 and the fourth connecting structure 80 are all different.

[0239] The fifth sub-radiator 1105 is provided with a fourth feeding terminal 404, and the fourth feeding terminal 404 and the radiator 10 of the antenna form a fourth antenna. Fig.36 It can be seen from the structure of the antenna shown in the figure that any two of the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna can constitute the antenna described in the above embodiment. Figure 5 For example, the first antenna and the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna, and Figure 5 The first antenna (or the second antenna) and the third antenna (or the fourth antenna) are the same as those shown. Figure 5 The antennas shown differ only in that the position of one of the antennas has changed, but the operating principle is the same. Figure 5The antennas shown are the same and have the same effect. Therefore, any two of the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna can achieve the multi-band broadband self-decoupling effect described in the above embodiments.

[0240] Fig.35 , Fig.36 For other structures and connections not described in detail in the antenna shown, please refer to Figures 4 to 6 The relevant introduction of the antenna shown is that the difference is that Figures 4 to 6 The antenna shown includes two sub-antennas. Fig.35 The antenna shown includes three sub-antennas. Fig.36 The antenna shown includes four sub-antennas, and the positions of the sub-antennas can be adjusted as needed.

[0241] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0242] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0243] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application includes the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0244] The above is a detailed introduction to a patch antenna and an electronic device provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the transmission circuit of the present application and its core idea. At the same time, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0245] The above contents are only specific implementation methods of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A patch antenna, characterized in that: It includes a metal floor and a radiator, wherein the radiator is grounded to the metal floor through a connecting structure, and a feeding interface is provided on the radiator; The radiator comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator, a first gap is formed between the first radiator and the second radiator, and a second gap is formed between the first radiator and the third radiator; The connection structure includes a first connection structure and a second connection structure, the first radiator and the second radiator are connected via the first connection structure, and the first radiator and the third radiator are connected via the second connection structure; The feeding interface includes a first feeding end and a second feeding end, and the first feeding end and the second feeding end are both arranged on the first radiator.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between the first feeding end and the first connection point is a first length, the distance between the first connection point and the vertex of the second radiator away from the first radiator is a second length, and the sum of the first length and the second length is 0.4λ1 to 0.6λ1; Among them, λ1 is a first wavelength corresponding to a first self-decoupling frequency of the antenna, and the first connection point is a connection point between the first connection structure and the second radiator.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The distance between the second feeding end and the second connection point is a third length, the distance between the second connection point and the vertex of the third radiator away from the first radiator is a fourth length, and the sum of the third length and the fourth length is 0.4λ2 to 0.6λ2; Among them, λ2 is a second wavelength corresponding to the second self-decoupling frequency of the antenna, and the second connection point is a connection point between the second connection structure and the third radiator.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The distance from the first feeding end to the second radiator away from the first radiator is 0.4λ3 to 0.6λ3; The distance from the second feeding end to the third radiator away from the first radiator is 0.4λ3 to 0.6λ3; Wherein, λ3 is the third wavelength corresponding to the third self-decoupling frequency of the antenna.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A first area is provided on a side of the second radiator away from the first radiator, the first area is grounded to the metal floor, and the length of the first area is equal to the length of the second radiator; A second region is disposed on a side of the third radiator away from the first radiator. The second region is grounded to the metal floor. The length of the second region is equal to that of the third radiator.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The first region is grounded to the metal floor through a metal column, a metal spring or a metal connecting sheet, and the second region is grounded to the metal floor through a metal column, a metal spring or a metal connecting sheet.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The length of the first connecting structure is not equal to the length of the second connecting structure.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first radiator is provided with a first annular through groove and a second annular through groove. The first annular through groove is arranged around the first feeding end, and the second annular through groove is arranged around the second feeding end.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The first annular through groove is a circular through groove or a square annular through groove; the second annular through groove is a circular through groove or a square annular through groove.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first radiator is provided with a third area and a fourth area, the third area and the fourth area are both grounded to the metal floor through metal columns, metal springs or metal connecting sheets, and there is a gap between the third area and the fourth area.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The radiator further includes a fourth radiator, the connection structure further includes a third connection structure, and the feeding interface further includes a third feeding terminal; There is a third gap between the fourth radiator and the first radiator, the fourth radiator is connected to the first radiator through the third connection structure, and the third feeding end is arranged on the first radiator.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that The lengths of the first connection structure, the second connection structure and the third connection structure are not equal.

13. The antenna according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The radiator further includes a fifth radiator, the connection structure further includes a fourth connection structure, and the feeding interface further includes a fourth feeding terminal; There is a fourth gap between the fifth radiator and the first radiator, the fifth radiator is connected to the first radiator through the fourth connecting structure, and the fourth feeding end is arranged on the first radiator; The second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator and the fifth radiator are respectively located in four directions of the first radiator.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The antenna further comprises a dielectric substrate, which is arranged on the metal floor, and the radiator is arranged on a side of the dielectric substrate away from the metal floor.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a housing and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a circuit board is arranged in the housing, and the antenna is arranged on the circuit board.

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