Method and apparatus for generating data transmission path of distributed wireless sensor

Abstract

The application provides a kind of distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method and device, belong to data transmission technical field, including: based on the state of sensor network constructs state space, and based on the transmission strategy of each state of sensor network in state space can be selected to construct action space;Determine the optimal data transmission strategy set based on state space and action space, and adjust the transmission parameters of multiple sensors based on the optimal data transmission strategy set;Based on the transmission path set, the optimal data transmission strategy and the updated sensor network of multiple sensor parameters after adjustment, obtain distributed sensor network;Based on the information concentration of each transmission path in distributed sensor network determines target transmission path.The distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method of the application solves the technical problem that the efficiency of data transmission process is low in the related art distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of data transmission, and particularly relates to a data transmission path generation method and device of a distributed wireless sensor. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of rail transit, especially high-speed rail technology, the train running speed and the complexity of the line are continuously improved, and the real-time monitoring and intelligent management demand of the high-speed rail system operation state is also growing, the safety, stability and efficient operation of the high-speed rail system depend on the real-time data collection and transmission of a large number of sensor nodes, these sensors are distributed in different parts of the train and along the track, used to monitor the train running speed, wheel state, car temperature, vibration condition, track condition and other key parameters, in the traditional high-speed rail monitoring system, data transmission depends on wired or centralized wireless network architecture, there are problems such as complex wiring, high maintenance cost, signal delay, and the emergence of distributed wireless sensor network provides an efficient and flexible solution for the monitoring of high-speed rail system, by deploying a distributed wireless sensor network, seamless data collection and transmission can be achieved in the entire high-speed rail system, thereby improving the efficiency of data transmission, system reliability and response time.

[0003] In the related art, by providing a data transmission management system of a wireless sensor, information encryption in the collection and transmission process is realized, the storage efficiency and data access speed are improved, but there are more unnecessary redundant data transmission, the overall data transmission energy consumption is high, resulting in low stability and reliability of the sensor network.

[0004] Therefore, the data transmission path generation method of the distributed wireless sensor in the related art has the technical problem of low efficiency in the data transmission process. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a data transmission path generation method and device of a distributed wireless sensor, to solve the technical problem of low efficiency in the data transmission process of the data transmission path generation method of the distributed wireless sensor in the related art.

[0006] The application provides a data transmission path generation method of a distributed wireless sensor, comprising the following steps: constructing an undirected weighted graph, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph are composed of a plurality of sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between the plurality of sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are data transmission costs between the plurality of sensors; constructing a minimum spanning tree based on the undirected weighted graph and determining a transmission path set according to the minimum spanning tree; constructing a state space based on a state of a sensor network and constructing an action space based on transmission strategies that can be selected by the sensor network in each state in the state space, wherein the sensor network is constructed based on the plurality of sensors and the communication links between the plurality of sensors; determining an optimal data transmission strategy set based on the state space and the action space, and adjusting transmission parameters of the plurality of sensors based on the optimal data transmission strategy set to obtain adjusted plurality of sensor parameters; updating the sensor network based on the transmission path set, the optimal data transmission strategy and the adjusted plurality of sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network; and determining a target transmission path based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is a transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

[0007] According to the data transmission path generation method of the distributed wireless sensor provided by the application, the state space comprises energy levels of the sensor network, load conditions of the communication links, transmission qualities of the communication links and states of external environmental factors, and the action space comprises groups of actions of changing transmission paths, adjusting transmission powers, switching to backup nodes and adjusting transmission rates of the sensor network.

[0008] According to the data transmission path generation method of the distributed wireless sensor provided by the application, the determination of the optimal data transmission strategy set based on the state space and the action space comprises: taking each state in the state space as a target state and performing the following steps to obtain the optimal data transmission strategy set composed of a plurality of optimal data transmission strategies: calculating a transition probability of the sensor network in the target state after selecting a target action to transition to other states; obtaining an immediate return of the sensor network after selecting the target action in the target state, and performing multiple recursive calculations using Bellman equation based on the transition probability and the immediate return to obtain an optimal data transmission strategy.

[0009] The application provides a data transmission path generation method of a distributed wireless sensor, which determines a target transmission path based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, and comprises the following steps of: acquiring a source node and a destination node in the distributed sensor network, wherein the source node is a sensor node for collecting data, and the destination node is a node for receiving and processing data transmitted by the source node; initializing a plurality of explorers in different source nodes respectively, and determining a plurality of to-be-confirmed transmission paths by the plurality of explorers based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the end point of the to-be-confirmed transmission path is the destination node; and determining a transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the plurality of to-be-confirmed transmission paths as the target transmission path.

[0010] The application provides a data transmission path generation method of a distributed wireless sensor, which determines a target transmission path based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, and comprises the following steps of: acquiring a source node and a destination node in the distributed sensor network, wherein the source node is a sensor node for collecting data, and the destination node is a node for receiving and processing data transmitted by the source node; initializing a plurality of explorers in different source nodes respectively, and determining a plurality of to-be-confirmed transmission paths by the plurality of explorers based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the end point of the to-be-confirmed transmission path is the destination node; and determining a transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the plurality of to-be-confirmed transmission paths as the target transmission path.

[0011] The application provides a data transmission path generation method of a distributed wireless sensor, which determines a target transmission path based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, and comprises the following steps of: acquiring a source node and a destination node in the distributed sensor network, wherein the source node is a sensor node for collecting data, and the destination node is a node for receiving and processing data transmitted by the source node; initializing a plurality of explorers in different source nodes respectively, and determining a plurality of to-be-confirmed transmission paths by the plurality of explorers based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the end point of the to-be-confirmed transmission path is the destination node; and determining a transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the plurality of to-be-confirmed transmission paths as the target transmission path.

[0012] The application further provides a distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation device, comprising the following modules: a first construction module, configured to construct an undirected weighted graph, wherein nodes of the undirected weighted graph are composed of a plurality of sensors, edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between the plurality of sensors, and weights of the undirected weighted graph are data transmission costs between the plurality of sensors; a first execution module, configured to construct a minimum spanning tree based on the undirected weighted graph, and determine a transmission path set according to the minimum spanning tree; a second construction module, configured to construct a state space based on a state of a sensor network, and construct an action space based on transmission strategies that can be selected by the sensor network in each state in the state space, wherein the sensor network is constructed based on the plurality of sensors and the communication links between the plurality of sensors; a second execution module, configured to determine an optimal data transmission strategy set based on the state space and the action space, and adjust transmission parameters of the plurality of sensors based on the optimal data transmission strategy set to obtain adjusted plurality of sensor parameters; an updating module, configured to update the sensor network based on the transmission path set, the optimal data transmission strategy and the adjusted plurality of sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network; and a determination module, configured to determine a target transmission path based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is a transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

[0013] The application further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method according to any one of the above when executing the program.

[0014] The application further provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is executable on a processor to implement the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method according to any one of the above.

[0015] The application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program is executable on a processor to implement the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method according to any one of the above.

[0016] The application provides a distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method and device, a non-directional weighted graph is constructed, wherein nodes of the non-directional weighted graph are composed of a plurality of sensors, edges of the non-directional weighted graph are communication links between the plurality of sensors, and weights of the non-directional weighted graph are data transmission costs between the plurality of sensors; a minimum spanning tree is constructed based on the non-directional weighted graph, and a transmission path set is determined according to the minimum spanning tree; a state space is constructed based on a state of a sensor network, and an action space is constructed based on selectable transmission strategies of the sensor network in each state in the state space, wherein the sensor network is constructed based on the plurality of sensors and the communication links between the plurality of sensors; an optimal data transmission strategy set is determined based on the state space and the action space, and transmission parameters of the plurality of sensors are adjusted based on the optimal data transmission strategy set to obtain adjusted plurality of sensor parameters; the sensor network is updated based on the transmission path set, the optimal data transmission strategy and the adjusted plurality of sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network; and a target transmission path is determined based on pheromone concentrations of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is a transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network; the minimum spanning tree is constructed based on the non-directional weighted graph to determine a transmission path set with the lowest transmission cost, the optimal data transmission strategy set is determined based on the state space and the action space to obtain an optimal data transmission strategy, the distributed sensor network is constructed based on the transmission path set and the optimal data transmission strategy, and the target transmission path with the highest transmission efficiency can be determined according to the pheromone concentrations of each transmission path, thereby solving the technical problem of low efficiency of the data transmission process in the related art distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the application or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method provided by the application.

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the distributed wireless sensor data transmission management system provided by the application.

[0020] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation device provided by the application.

[0021] Figure 4is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "comprise", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitation, the element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. The terms "upper", "lower" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connect" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] The terms "first", "second" and the like in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second" and the like are generally of a kind, and are not limited to the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally means that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0025] With the rapid development of rail transit, especially high-speed rail technology, the train running speed and the complexity of the line are continuously improved, and the real-time monitoring and intelligent management of the high-speed rail system operation state are increasingly growing, and the safe, stable and efficient operation of the high-speed rail system depends on the real-time data collection and transmission of a large number of sensor nodes, which are distributed in different parts of the train and along the track, for monitoring the train running speed, wheel state, car temperature, vibration, track condition and other key parameters. In the traditional high-speed rail monitoring system, data transmission relies on wired or centralized wireless network architecture, which has problems such as complex wiring, high maintenance cost, signal delay, etc., while the emergence of distributed wireless sensor network provides an efficient and flexible solution for high-speed rail system monitoring. Through the deployment of distributed wireless sensor network, seamless data collection and transmission can be achieved in the entire high-speed rail system, thereby improving the efficiency of data transmission, the reliability of the system and the response time.

[0026] In related technologies, by providing a data transmission management system of wireless sensors, information encryption in the collection and transmission process is realized, storage efficiency and data access speed are improved, etc., but there are many unnecessary redundant data transmissions, the overall data transmission energy consumption is high, resulting in low stability and reliability of the sensor network. In addition, the data transmission management system of distributed wireless sensors in related technologies cannot realize effective coordination between local and global, the flexibility of path selection is low, and it cannot respond to the dynamic changes of nodes in the high-speed rail scene in real time. Therefore, the data transmission path generation method of distributed wireless sensors in related technologies has the technical problem of low efficiency in the data transmission process.

[0027] In order to at least solve part of the above problems, the following will be combined Figures 1-4 The data transmission path generation method and device of distributed wireless sensors provided by the present application are described.

[0028] The data transmission path generation method of distributed wireless sensors provided by the present embodiment can be applied to the scene of confirming the most efficient data transmission path of the data transmission management system of distributed wireless sensors. The data transmission path generation method of distributed wireless sensors in the present embodiment can be executed by a server.

[0029] Figure 1 The flowchart of the data transmission path generation method of distributed wireless sensors provided by the present application is shown in Figure 1 The following steps are included but not limited to:

[0030] Step 101, constructing an undirected weighted graph, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph are composed of a plurality of sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are the communication links between the plurality of sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between the plurality of sensors.

[0031] In this embodiment, the multiple sensors are distributed wireless sensors. Specifically, the distributed wireless sensors in this embodiment may include, but are not limited to: temperature sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors, acceleration sensors, displacement sensors, vibration sensors, light sensors, gas sensors, sound sensors, positioning sensors, and flow sensors.

[0032] Construct an undirected weighted graph where the nodes of the undirected weighted graph consist of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are the communication links between multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between multiple sensors.

[0033] Specifically, each sensor is treated as a node, the communication link between each sensor is treated as an edge, and the transmission cost between sensors is used as the weight of the corresponding edge. Based on the distribution of sensor nodes and communication links, a corresponding undirected weighted graph is constructed.

[0034] Step 102: Construct a minimum spanning tree based on the undirected weighted graph, and determine the set of transmission paths based on the minimum spanning tree.

[0035] A minimum spanning tree is constructed based on an undirected weighted graph, and a set of transmission paths is determined based on the minimum spanning tree. Specifically, an initial node is randomly selected from the undirected weighted graph as the starting point of the minimum spanning tree. Then, all edges are sorted in ascending order according to their weights. After sorting, starting from the edge with the smallest weight, the smallest edge is selected and added to the minimum spanning tree. If the selected edge will cause a loop, the edge is skipped and the next edge is selected. The selection of edges is carried out step by step. When the number of edges added reaches n-1, the selection stops and the construction of the minimum spanning tree ends, where n represents the number of sensor nodes. After the spanning tree is constructed, the set of transmission paths with the lowest transmission cost is obtained based on the construction of the spanning tree.

[0036] It's important to note that a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) is a subgraph in a weighted undirected graph that contains all the vertices of the graph. This subgraph is a tree, and the sum of the weights of all its edges is minimized. A Minimum Spanning Tree has the following properties: it is a tree, therefore it contains all the vertices of the graph and has n-1 edges (where n is the number of vertices); it has no cycles, it connects all the vertices in the graph, and the sum of their weights is minimized; in constructing a Minimum Spanning Tree, we are actually building a network of acyclic paths connecting all sensor nodes. This network is not a single path, but a set of multiple paths (transmission paths) that connect all sensor nodes and ensure the lowest overall transmission cost. This set of transmission paths allows all sensor nodes to be interconnected while minimizing transmission cost.

[0037] Optionally, the constructed transmission path can be periodically checked. When a new sensor is added or any sensor node in the original transmission path fails, the path can be recalculated and a minimum spanning tree can be constructed to generate the latest set of transmission paths for replacement.

[0038] Understandably, regularly inspecting and maintaining this set of transmission paths is to ensure the efficient operation and reliability of the network. If the network structure changes (for example, new sensors are added or existing sensors fail), the minimum spanning tree needs to be recalculated to ensure that the transmission path remains the lowest cost.

[0039] Step 103: Construct a state space based on the state of the sensor network, and construct an action space based on the transmission strategies selectable by the sensor network in each state of the state space. The sensor network is constructed based on multiple sensors and the communication links between the multiple sensors.

[0040] In this embodiment, the state space represents all possible states of the sensor network, and each state reflects a configuration of the network, such as the energy level of the nodes, the quality of the links, etc.; the action space represents the set of transmission strategies that the sensor network can choose in each state, such as which path to choose for data transmission.

[0041] Step 104: Determine the optimal data transmission strategy set based on the state space and action space, and adjust the transmission parameters of multiple sensors based on the optimal data transmission strategy set to obtain the adjusted sensor parameters.

[0042] In this embodiment, reinforcement learning or other optimization algorithms can be applied, using methods such as Q-learning, deep Q-networks, and policy gradients to learn which actions in a given state space will bring the greatest long-term reward; different actions are explored through simulation or actual operation, and the policy is adjusted according to the results (rewards); after sufficient exploration and learning, a set of optimal policies is determined, which can guide the behavior of the sensor in the network to optimize the overall performance.

[0043] The transmission parameters of multiple sensors are adjusted based on the optimal data transmission strategy set to obtain the adjusted sensor parameters; according to the learned optimal strategy, the transmission parameters of the sensors are adjusted, such as increasing or decreasing the transmission power, changing the data packet size, etc.

[0044] Step 105: Update the sensor network based on the transmission path set, the optimal data transmission strategy, and the adjusted parameters of multiple sensors to obtain the distributed sensor network.

[0045] In this embodiment, the set of transmission paths represented by the minimum spanning tree is applied to the sensor network; the optimal data transmission strategy is applied to each sensor; each sensor in the network is reconfigured according to the adjusted sensor parameters; and the sensor network starts operating and transmits data according to the new transmission paths, strategies, and parameters.

[0046] Step 106: Determine the target transmission path based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is the transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

[0047] In this embodiment, in the initial stage of the network, an initial pheromone concentration is assigned to each edge. As data is transmitted, the pheromone concentration on each transmission path is monitored and updated. The pheromone update can be based on factors such as the actual usage of the path and transmission efficiency.

[0048] Specifically, ant colony optimization algorithms can be used to simulate the behavior of ants, where ants tend to choose paths with high pheromone concentrations. Based on the pheromone concentration, the path with the highest concentration is selected as the target transmission path. Understandably, through the above steps, distributed sensor networks can adaptively adjust to optimize data transmission, thereby improving network efficiency and reliability.

[0049] The embodiments provided in this application construct an undirected weighted graph, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph consist of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between multiple sensors. A minimum spanning tree is constructed based on the undirected weighted graph, and a set of transmission paths is determined based on the minimum spanning tree. A state space is constructed based on the state of the sensor network, and an action space is constructed based on the transmission strategies selectable by the sensor network in each state of the state space, wherein the sensor network is constructed based on multiple sensors and the communication links between them. An optimal set of data transmission strategies is determined based on the state space and the action space, and the transmission parameters of multiple sensors are adjusted based on the optimal set of data transmission strategies to obtain adjusted sensor parameters. The sensor network is updated based on the set of transmission paths, the optimal data transmission strategies, and the adjusted sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network. A target transmission path is determined based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is the transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network. This solves the technical problem of low data transmission efficiency in the data transmission path generation methods of distributed wireless sensors in related technologies, and improves the efficiency of data transmission.

[0050] As an alternative approach, the state space includes the energy level of the sensor network, the load status of the communication link, the transmission quality of the communication link, and the status of various external environmental factors. The action space includes various actions of the sensor network such as changing the transmission path, adjusting the transmission power, switching to a backup node, and adjusting the transmission rate.

[0051] Optionally, the optimal set of data transmission strategies can be determined based on the state space and action space, including:

[0052] By treating each state in the state space as the target state and performing the following steps, an optimal data transmission strategy set consisting of multiple optimal data transmission strategies is obtained:

[0053] S11, Calculate the transition probability of the sensor network to other states after selecting the target action in the target state;

[0054] S12: Obtain the immediate benefit of the sensor network after selecting the target action in the target state, and perform multiple recursive calculations using the Bellman equation based on the transition probability and the immediate benefit to obtain the optimal data transmission strategy.

[0055] For example, different states of the sensor network are collected to construct a state space S, and the selectable transmission strategies or decisions in each state are collected to construct an action space A. Then, based on the constructed state space and action space, the transition probability P of transitioning to another state after selecting any action a in each state s is calculated. The immediate benefits or costs of taking action a in state s are evaluated based on various indicators such as energy consumption, transmission delay, and network reliability. Then, multiple recursive calculations are performed using the Bellman equation to obtain the long-term reward obtained by taking action a in state s. In each round of recursion, the optimal data transmission strategy selected in state s is chosen to maximize the long-term reward value in the current recursion process until the change in the long-term reward value reaches a preset threshold. The recursion stops, and the optimal data transmission strategy is output. Then, the transmission parameters of each sensor are adjusted according to the data transmission strategy.

[0056] In this embodiment, the optimal data transmission strategy set is determined by performing multiple recursive calculations based on the state space and action space according to the Bellman equation, which can improve the accuracy of the obtained optimal data transmission strategy set.

[0057] As an optional approach, the target transmission path is determined based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, including:

[0058] S21, obtain the source node and destination node in the distributed sensor network, where the source node is the sensor node that collects data, and the destination node is the node that receives and processes the data sent by the source node;

[0059] S22, initialize multiple explorers at different source nodes, and determine multiple transmission paths to be confirmed based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the endpoint of the transmission path to be confirmed is the destination node;

[0060] S23, the path with the highest pheromone concentration among multiple unconfirmed transmission paths is determined as the target transmission path.

[0061] Optionally, the sensor network is updated based on the set of transmission paths, the optimal data transmission strategy, and the adjusted multiple sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network. This includes: acquiring the source node and destination node in the distributed sensor network; simultaneously, acquiring all sensor nodes in the sensor network, including the source node and destination node, the path between sensor nodes, the pheromone concentration on each path, and the expected transmission quality between two sets of nodes; and constructing the basic structure of the distributed sensor network based on the above information.

[0062] For example, multiple groups of explorers are randomly generated, and the positions of each explorer are initialized on different source nodes. Each explorer starts from a source node, calculates the selection probability of each relay node based on pheromone concentration and desired transmission quality, and selects the next node according to the calculated probability. The node selection is carried out by continuously calculating the relay node probability until the destination node is reached. After each explorer finds a complete path, the transmission cost of each path is calculated based on energy consumption and latency. Then, the pheromone concentration on the path is updated according to the quality of the found path. The process is iterated multiple times in the distributed sensor network to continuously optimize the path until a preset iteration time is reached and then stops. The pheromone concentration of each path is detected, and the path or combination of paths with the highest pheromone concentration is determined as the final transmission path (target transmission path) and applied to the actual transmission scheme. At the same time, the sensor network information is monitored in real time. When the network state changes, a new optimal path is searched.

[0063] This embodiment combines ant colony optimization to determine the target transmission path, improving the accuracy of the obtained target transmission path and thus enhancing the reliability of the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method in this embodiment.

[0064] As an optional approach, after determining the target transmission path based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, the method further includes:

[0065] S31, Obtain the raw dataset, which includes data collected by multiple sensors;

[0066] S32, preprocess the original dataset to obtain the preprocessed dataset;

[0067] S33, the preprocessed dataset is transmitted to the parsing and storage module along the target transmission path. The parsing and storage module is used to parse the received data and store it in the database.

[0068] Obtain the raw dataset, which includes data collected by multiple sensors; collect data from various sensors in the distributed sensor network, which may include environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and light intensity, as well as other variables monitored by the sensors; integrate the data collected by multiple sensors into a single raw dataset, which is usually time-series data, with each data point having a timestamp indicating the time of data collection.

[0069] The original dataset is preprocessed to obtain a preprocessed dataset. Optionally, the preprocessing steps may include: data cleaning, checking for errors, outliers, missing values, etc. in the original dataset and performing necessary cleaning, including deleting outliers and imputing missing values ​​(e.g., using the mean, median, or interpolation methods); data transformation, transforming the data to make it more suitable for subsequent analysis, including normalization, standardization, and data type conversion; feature extraction, extracting useful features from the original data, which will be used for subsequent data transmission and analysis; and dataset construction, constructing a clean, uniformly formatted, and representative dataset after preprocessing to facilitate further processing and analysis.

[0070] This embodiment improves the process of data transmission based on the target transmission path after the target transmission path is determined, thereby enhancing the reliability of the data transmission path generation method for distributed wireless sensors in this embodiment.

[0071] As an optional approach, the original dataset is preprocessed to obtain a preprocessed dataset, including:

[0072] S41, In the case of missing values ​​in the sensor data of the original dataset, the missing values ​​are imputed to obtain the imputed dataset;

[0073] S42, calculate the first quartile and the third quartile of the imputed dataset, calculate the interquartile range based on the first quartile and the third quartile, determine the target data range based on the first quartile, the third quartile and the interquartile range, delete the data in the imputed dataset that are outside the target data range, and obtain the optimized dataset;

[0074] S43 uses the moving average method and a low-pass filter to smooth and denoise the optimized dataset, respectively, and then normalizes it using the min-max normalization method to obtain the preprocessed dataset.

[0075] Specifically, the system detects whether there are missing values ​​in the sensor data of the original dataset. If so, it fills in the missing values ​​using the mean imputation method. The processed sensor data are integrated to construct the imputed dataset, and the first and third quartiles of the dataset are calculated. Then, the interquartile range is calculated based on the two sets of quartiles. The upper and lower bounds of the corresponding ranges are drawn using the quartiles and interquartile ranges. Data points that exceed the upper bound or fall below the lower bound are marked as outliers and deleted to obtain the optimized dataset. The data in the optimized dataset are smoothed using the moving average method and a low-pass filter, and the high-frequency noise in the data is processed. Then, the data is scaled to the range of [0, 1] using the min-max normalization method. The preprocessed sensor data is classified and labeled according to the time period of collection.

[0076] This embodiment demonstrates how preprocessing sensor data in the original dataset can effectively improve data quality, thereby increasing the efficiency of subsequent data transmission.

[0077] The method for generating data transmission paths for distributed wireless sensors according to embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to optional examples. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distributed wireless sensor data transmission management system provided by the present invention. See also... Figure 2 This paper provides a data transmission management system based on distributed wireless sensors. The data transmission management system based on distributed wireless sensors is used to execute the data transmission path generation method of distributed wireless sensors according to the embodiments of this application. The data transmission management system based on distributed wireless sensors includes: a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, an aggregation and compression module, a transmission optimization module, a dynamic selection module, a relay routing module, a detection and correction module, a buffer retransmission module, and a parsing and storage module.

[0078] The data acquisition module acquires raw data from the rail transit environment from distributed wireless sensors; the data preprocessing module preprocesses the acquired raw data; the aggregation and compression module compresses and encrypts the preprocessed data; the transmission optimization module optimizes the transmission path of the distributed sensor network; the dynamic selection module makes dynamic decisions based on different network conditions and external environments; the relay routing module selects the best relay node and routing path in the distributed sensor network; the detection and error correction module detects and corrects errors in transmitted data packets in real time; the buffer and retransmission module temporarily buffers data and controls retransmission when packet loss or network congestion occurs during transmission; and the parsing and storage module parses the finally received data and stores it in the database.

[0079] In this embodiment, each sensor is treated as a node, the communication link between sensors is treated as an edge, and the transmission cost between sensors is used as the weight of the corresponding edge. Based on the sensor node distribution and communication links, a corresponding undirected weighted graph is constructed. An initial node is randomly selected from the undirected weighted graph as the starting point of the minimum spanning tree. Then, all edges are sorted in ascending order according to their weights. After sorting, starting from the edge with the smallest weight, the smallest edge is selected and added to the minimum spanning tree. If the selected edge would cause a cycle, the edge is skipped, and the next edge is selected. Edges are selected progressively until the number of edges added reaches n-1, at which point the selection stops. The minimum spanning tree construction is completed, where n represents the number of sensor nodes. After the spanning tree is completed, the set of transmission paths with the lowest transmission cost is obtained based on the construction status of the spanning tree. The constructed transmission paths are periodically checked. When a new sensor is added or any sensor node in the original transmission path fails, the minimum spanning tree is recalculated and a new minimum spanning tree is constructed to generate the latest set of transmission paths for replacement. This reduces unnecessary redundant data transmission, significantly reduces overall transmission energy consumption, shortens transmission time, improves network stability and reliability, simplifies network structure, reduces the workload of maintenance personnel, and also reduces the long-term operating cost of the system.

[0080] Based on the outputs of the transmission optimization module and the dynamic selection module, all sensor nodes in the sensor network are obtained, including source and destination nodes, paths between sensor nodes, pheromone concentrations on each path, and expected transmission quality between two sets of nodes. The basic structure of the distributed sensor network is constructed based on this information. Multiple groups of explorers are randomly generated, and the positions of each explorer are initialized at different source nodes. Each explorer starts from a source node, calculates the selection probability of each relay node based on the pheromone concentration and expected transmission quality, and selects the next node according to the calculated probability. This process of calculating relay node probabilities and selecting nodes continues until the destination node is reached. Each explorer finds a complete path. Then, the transmission cost of each path is calculated based on energy consumption and latency. Subsequently, the pheromone concentration on the path is updated based on the quality of the found path. The process is iterated multiple times in the distributed sensor network to continuously optimize the path until a preset iteration time is reached. The pheromone concentration of each path is detected, and the path or combination of paths with the highest pheromone concentration is selected as the final transmission path and applied to the actual transmission scheme. At the same time, the sensor network information is monitored in real time. When the network state changes, a new optimal path is searched to achieve effective coordination between local and global aspects, enhance the flexibility of path selection, and respond in real time to dynamic changes of nodes in high-speed rail scenarios, maintain efficient network operation, and reduce the cost and complexity of system reconfiguration.

[0081] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data transmission path generation device for distributed wireless sensors provided by the present invention, as shown below.Figure 3 As shown, including but not limited to the following modules:

[0082] The first construction module 301 is used to construct an undirected weighted graph, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph are composed of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between multiple sensors.

[0083] The first execution module 302 is used to construct a minimum spanning tree based on an undirected weighted graph and determine a set of transmission paths based on the minimum spanning tree;

[0084] The second construction module 303 is used to construct a state space based on the state of the sensor network, and to construct an action space based on the transmission strategies selectable by the sensor network in each state of the state space. The sensor network is constructed based on multiple sensors and the communication links between the multiple sensors.

[0085] The second execution module 304 is used to determine the optimal data transmission strategy set based on the state space and action space, and adjust the transmission parameters of multiple sensors based on the optimal data transmission strategy set to obtain the adjusted parameters of multiple sensors.

[0086] Update module 305 is used to update the sensor network based on the transmission path set, the optimal data transmission strategy and the adjusted multiple sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network;

[0087] The determination module 306 is used to determine the target transmission path based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is the transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

[0088] Through the embodiments of this application, an undirected weighted graph is constructed, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph consist of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between multiple sensors. A minimum spanning tree is constructed based on the undirected weighted graph, and a set of transmission paths is determined based on the minimum spanning tree. A state space is constructed based on the state of the sensor network, and an action space is constructed based on the transmission strategies selectable by the sensor network in each state of the state space, wherein the sensor network is constructed based on multiple sensors and the communication links between multiple sensors. An optimal set of data transmission strategies is determined based on the state space and the action space, and the transmission parameters of multiple sensors are adjusted based on the optimal set of data transmission strategies to obtain the adjusted parameters of multiple sensors. The sensor network is updated based on the set of transmission paths, the optimal data transmission strategies, and the adjusted parameters of multiple sensors to obtain a distributed sensor network. A target transmission path is determined based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is the transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network. This solves the technical problem of low data transmission efficiency in the data transmission path generation methods of distributed wireless sensors in related technologies, and improves the efficiency of data transmission.

[0089] It should be noted that the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation device provided by the present invention can execute the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method of any of the above embodiments during specific operation, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0090] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 4As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communications interface 420, a memory 430, and a communications bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communications interface 420, and the memory 430 communicate with each other through the communications bus 440. The processor 410 can call logic instructions in the memory 430 to execute a data transmission path generation method for distributed wireless sensors. This method includes: constructing an undirected weighted graph, where the nodes of the undirected weighted graph consist of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between the multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between the multiple sensors; constructing a minimum spanning tree based on the undirected weighted graph, and determining a set of transmission paths based on the minimum spanning tree; constructing a state space based on the state of the sensor network, and constructing an action space based on the transmission strategies selectable by the sensor network in each state of the state space, wherein the sensor network is constructed based on multiple sensors and the communication links between the multiple sensors; determining an optimal set of data transmission strategies based on the state space and the action space, and adjusting the transmission parameters of the multiple sensors based on the optimal set of data transmission strategies to obtain adjusted sensor parameters; updating the sensor network based on the set of transmission paths, the optimal data transmission strategies, and the adjusted sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network; and determining a target transmission path based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is the transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

[0091] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 430 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0092] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to execute the distributed wireless sensor data transmission path generation method provided in the above embodiments. This method includes: constructing an undirected weighted graph, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph consist of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between the multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between the multiple sensors; constructing a minimum spanning tree based on the undirected weighted graph, and determining a set of transmission paths based on the minimum spanning tree; constructing a state space based on the state of the sensor network, and... An action space is constructed based on the selectable transmission strategies in each state of the sensor network in the state space. The sensor network is constructed based on multiple sensors and the communication links between them. An optimal set of data transmission strategies is determined based on the state space and the action space, and the transmission parameters of multiple sensors are adjusted based on the optimal set of data transmission strategies to obtain the adjusted sensor parameters. The sensor network is updated based on the set of transmission paths, the optimal data transmission strategies, and the adjusted sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network. A target transmission path is determined based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, where the target transmission path is the transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

[0093] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the data transmission path generation method for distributed wireless sensors provided in the above embodiments. The method includes: constructing an undirected weighted graph, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph consist of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between the multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between the multiple sensors; constructing a minimum spanning tree based on the undirected weighted graph, and determining a set of transmission paths based on the minimum spanning tree; constructing a state space based on the states of the sensor network, and determining the transmission path set based on the states of the sensor network in the state space. The action space is constructed using selectable transmission strategies under each state, where the sensor network is built based on multiple sensors and the communication links between them. An optimal set of data transmission strategies is determined based on the state space and action space, and the transmission parameters of multiple sensors are adjusted based on this optimal set to obtain the adjusted sensor parameters. The sensor network is updated based on the set of transmission paths, the optimal data transmission strategies, and the adjusted sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network. A target transmission path is determined based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, where the target transmission path is the one with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

[0094] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0095] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of embodiments.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for generating data transmission paths for a distributed wireless sensor, characterized in that, include: Construct an undirected weighted graph, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph consist of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between the multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between the multiple sensors; A minimum spanning tree is constructed based on the undirected weighted graph, and a set of transmission paths is determined based on the minimum spanning tree; A state space is constructed based on the state of the sensor network, and an action space is constructed based on the transmission strategies selectable by the sensor network in each state of the state space. The sensor network is constructed based on the multiple sensors and the communication links between the multiple sensors. Based on the state space and the action space, an optimal data transmission strategy set is determined, and the transmission parameters of the multiple sensors are adjusted based on the optimal data transmission strategy set to obtain the adjusted sensor parameters. The sensor network is updated based on the set of transmission paths, the optimal data transmission strategy, and the adjusted multiple sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network. The target transmission path is determined based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is the transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

2. The method for generating data transmission paths for distributed wireless sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The state space includes the energy level of the sensor network, the load status of the communication link, the transmission quality of the communication link, and the status of various external environmental factors. The action space includes various actions of the sensor network such as changing the transmission path, adjusting the transmission power, switching to a backup node, and adjusting the transmission rate.

3. The method for generating data transmission paths for distributed wireless sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of determining the optimal data transmission strategy set based on the state space and the action space includes: By treating each state in the state space as a target state and performing the following steps, the optimal data transmission strategy set, consisting of multiple optimal data transmission strategies, is obtained: Calculate the transition probability of the sensor network transitioning to other states after selecting a target action in the target state; The immediate benefit of the sensor network after selecting the target action in the target state is obtained, and the optimal data transmission strategy is obtained by performing multiple recursive calculations using the Bellman equation based on the transition probability and the immediate benefit.

4. The method for generating data transmission paths for distributed wireless sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the target transmission path based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network includes: The source node and destination node in the distributed sensor network are obtained, wherein the source node is a sensor node that collects data, and the destination node is a node that receives and processes the data sent by the source node; Multiple explorers are initialized at different source nodes. Based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, multiple transmission paths to be confirmed are determined through the multiple explorers. The endpoint of the transmission path to be confirmed is the destination node. The path with the highest pheromone concentration among the multiple unconfirmed transmission paths is determined as the target transmission path.

5. The method for generating data transmission paths for a distributed wireless sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, After determining the target transmission path based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, the method further includes: Obtain the raw dataset, wherein the raw dataset includes the data collected by the multiple sensors; The original dataset is preprocessed to obtain the preprocessed dataset; The preprocessed dataset is transmitted to the parsing and storage module along the target transmission path, wherein the parsing and storage module is used to parse the received data and store it in the database.

6. The method for generating data transmission paths for distributed wireless sensors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preprocessing of the original dataset to obtain the preprocessed dataset includes: If there are missing values ​​in the sensor data of the original dataset, the missing values ​​are filled in to obtain the filled dataset; Calculate the first quartile and the third quartile of the imputed dataset, calculate the interquartile range based on the first quartile and the third quartile, determine the target data range based on the first quartile, the third quartile and the interquartile range, and delete the data in the imputed dataset that are outside the target data range to obtain the optimized dataset; The optimized dataset is smoothed and denoised using a moving average method and a low-pass filter, respectively, and then normalized using a min-max normalization method to obtain the preprocessed dataset.

7. A data transmission path generation device for a distributed wireless sensor, characterized in that, include: The first construction module is used to construct an undirected weighted graph, wherein the nodes of the undirected weighted graph are composed of multiple sensors, the edges of the undirected weighted graph are communication links between the multiple sensors, and the weights of the undirected weighted graph are the data transmission costs between the multiple sensors. The first execution module is used to construct a minimum spanning tree based on the undirected weighted graph and determine a set of transmission paths based on the minimum spanning tree; The second construction module is used to construct a state space based on the state of the sensor network, and to construct an action space based on the transmission strategies selectable by the sensor network in each state of the state space, wherein the sensor network is constructed based on the plurality of sensors and the communication links between the plurality of sensors; The second execution module is used to determine the optimal data transmission strategy set based on the state space and the action space, and adjust the transmission parameters of the multiple sensors based on the optimal data transmission strategy set to obtain the adjusted multiple sensor parameters. The update module is used to update the sensor network based on the transmission path set, the optimal data transmission strategy, and the adjusted multiple sensor parameters to obtain a distributed sensor network. The determination module is used to determine the target transmission path based on the pheromone concentration of each transmission path in the distributed sensor network, wherein the target transmission path is the transmission path with the highest pheromone concentration in the distributed sensor network.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the data transmission path generation method for the distributed wireless sensor as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the data transmission path generation method for the distributed wireless sensor as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the data transmission path generation method for the distributed wireless sensor as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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