Numerical control precision seeder control module and matching assembly thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seeding of seeding machines, in particular to a numerical control precision seeding machine control module and a matched assembly thereof. A controller is mounted on the side wall of the storage box and comprises a single chip microcomputer control module, a fertilization motor driver, a seeding motor driver, an inverter and a power supply module; a discharge hole is formed in the front side surface of the bottom of the storage box; a proximity switch is mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the storage box; a seeding part is arranged in the seeding box, and land wheel sets are mounted at the two ends of the transverse pipe. The rotation angle speed of the blade wheel is collected through the rotary encoder, and the distance measuring effect is achieved by combining the radius; then measured data are fed back to the single chip microcomputer control module to control the seeding motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver to correspondingly adjust the rotating speed of the seeding stepping motor and the rotating speed of the fertilizing stepping motor, and the effect of automatically adjusting the advancing speed of the seeding machine and the seeding speed of the seeding box is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seeding machine sowing, in particular to a control module of a numerically controlled precision seeding machine and its supporting components. Background Art

[0002] With economic development and land centralization, farm-style planting will become the direction of future agricultural planting. It is also an inevitable trend for the agricultural planting industry to move towards automation and unmanned operation. Traditional manual sowing has many disadvantages, such as high labor costs, uneven sowing per unit area, and low sowing efficiency. However, sowing with a seeder can effectively improve sowing efficiency, reduce labor costs, and achieve precision sowing.

[0003] At present, most seeding machines are mechanical seeding machines. Most mechanical seeding machines rely on simple mechanical principles to drive the seeding box to sow. This method has shortcomings that need to be overcome: a. Mechanical seeding machines rely on the ground wheel transmission belt to drive the seeding box to sow. If the ground wheel cannot rotate at a uniform speed due to friction or terrain factors, the seeding box will not be able to sow normally and evenly, greatly reducing the sowing accuracy; b. The mechanical structure cannot intuitively reflect the output of seed fertilizer per acre of land, and it is not easy to adjust the output speed of seed fertilizer according to requirements, and it cannot meet the requirements of modern production precision.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a numerically controlled precision seeder that can be mass-produced and a supporting control module thereof to achieve large-scale precision seeding. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a numerically controlled precision seeder control module and its supporting components to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a control module for a numerically controlled precision seeder and its supporting components, including a storage box divided into two cavities and a seeding box installed at the bottom thereof, wherein the seeding box is also divided into two cavity structures; a transverse tube is horizontally arranged at the front lower part of the seeding box, and a pulling frame for supporting the seeding box is fixedly connected to the middle part of the transverse tube; a controller is installed on the side wall of the storage box, and the controller includes a single-chip control module, a fertilizer motor driver, a seeding motor driver, an inverter and a power supply module; a discharge port is opened on the front side of the bottom of the storage box, and a proximity switch is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the storage box; a seeding part is arranged inside the seeding box, and ground wheel groups are installed at both ends of the transverse tube;

[0007] The sowing part includes a sowing stepper motor installed on the left side of the sowing box, a fertilizing stepper motor installed on the right side of the sowing box, and a plurality of sowing wheels coaxially connected to the sowing stepper motor and the fertilizing stepper motor; the ground wheel group includes a blade wheel, a rotary encoder coaxially connected to the blade wheel, and an angle adjustment motor for driving the blade wheel to flip to the side of the horizontal tube;

[0008] The sowing stepper motor and the fertilizing stepper motor are electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver respectively; the proximity switch is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor, and the rotary encoder is electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver.

[0009] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the controller is provided with a plurality of aviation plugs, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are respectively connected to the sowing stepping motor and the fertilizing stepping motor through two of the aviation plugs and the plug wires.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution, two of the aviation plugs are connected to a sowing feedback device and a fertilizing feedback device. After the rotary encoder obtains the blade wheel rotation data, it is fed back to the sowing feedback device and the fertilizing feedback device through the controller, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are triggered to respectively control the sowing stepper motor and the fertilizing stepper motor to work, thereby driving several sowing wheels to automatically adjust the number of rotations according to the set parameters to throw out seeds and fertilizers.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, when the material inside the storage box is exhausted, the proximity switch is triggered to feedback a signal to the controller to control the angle adjustment motor drive, thereby driving the ground wheel group to flip up and retract, that is, the sowing program stops.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the controller is connected to an interactive serial port screen via an aviation plug, and the operator sets parameters of the controller via the interactive serial port screen.

[0013] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the controller is connected to an external power supply via an aviation plug for powering the inverter.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, a baffle plate is slidably connected to the front side of the discharge port, a rack is vertically fixedly connected to the front side of the baffle plate, and a gear is meshed on the front side of the rack, a rotating rod coaxially connected to the gear is provided on the top of the seeding box, and a plurality of discharge bins are arranged side by side on the inner front wall of the seeding box, and the positions of the plurality of discharge bins and the plurality of seeding wheels are arranged correspondingly, and the number of the plurality of discharge bins and the plurality of seeding wheels are equal and distributed in half in the two cavities of the discharge bin.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, a material guide pipe is provided at the bottom port of the discharge bin, a ground plug pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal pipe, two material guide pipes are plugged into the ground plug pipe, and the upper ends of the two material guide pipes are respectively plugged into and matched with the discharge bins of the two cavities of the seed box.

[0016] As a further improvement of the technical solution, straight rods are sleeved at both ends of the axle of the blade wheel, and supporting sleeves are sleeved at the front ends of the two straight rods through long shaft sleeves, a square rod is welded in the middle of the supporting sleeve and the square rod is fixedly connected to the cross tube.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the wheel axle and one end of the long axis of the blade wheel are fixedly connected with a wheel cover, a half-circle gear ring is welded to one end of the wheel cover, the angle adjustment motor is installed on the square rod and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the transmission gear, and the transmission gear is meshed with the half-circle gear ring.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components are installed on the existing mechanical seeder through the set controller. The rotary encoder collects the rotation angular velocity of the blade wheel and combines it with its radius to achieve the distance measurement effect; then the rotary encoder is connected to the controller, and the measured data is fed back to the single-chip microcomputer control module. After program processing, the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are controlled to adjust the speed of the sowing stepper motor and the fertilizing stepper motor accordingly, so as to achieve the effect of automatically adjusting the travel speed of the seeder and the sowing speed of the sowing box.

[0020] 2. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components monitor the material inside the storage box by setting a proximity switch. Once the material is insufficient, the proximity switch is triggered to transmit information to the single-chip microcomputer control module, which is judged as insufficient material and immediately alarms; and the angle adjustment motor is started to retract the ground wheel group, and then the information is fed back to the single-chip microcomputer control module, which is judged as the seeder stops working, thereby achieving the sowing control effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings described herein are only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components in the drawings are only schematic, used to help understand the present invention, and are not specifically limited to the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the present invention, select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the present invention according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the seed drill of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the storage box and the sowing part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A top view of

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the ground wheel assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the module arrangement inside the controller of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controller control system of the present invention;

[0028] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0029] 100, storage box; 101, discharge port; 110, horizontal pipe; 120, pulling frame; 130, baffle plate; 140, sowing box; 141, discharge bin;

[0030] 200, sowing unit; 210, sowing stepping motor; 220, fertilization stepping motor; 230, sowing wheel; 240, material guide pipe; 250, ground insertion pipe;

[0031] 300, ground wheel assembly; 310, blade wheel; 311, support sleeve; 320, rotary encoder; 330, wheel cover; 331, half-circle gear ring; 340, angle adjustment motor; 341, transmission gear;

[0032] 400. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood by combining the accompanying drawings with the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only used for the purpose of explaining the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, the technical personnel's conception is based on any possible variation of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention. The terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, which means direct connection and indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0034] The terms "central axis", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like used herein to indicate positions or positional relationships are based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a control module for a numerically controlled precision seeder and its supporting components, including a storage box 100 divided into two cavities and a seeding box 140 installed at the bottom thereof, wherein the seeding box 140 is also divided into two cavity structures; a transverse tube 110 is horizontally arranged at the front of the lower part of the seeding box 140, and a pulling frame 120 for supporting the seeding box 140 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the transverse tube 110; a controller 400 is installed on the side wall of the storage box 100, and the controller 400 includes a single-chip control module, a fertilizer motor driver, a seeding motor driver, an inverter and a power module; a discharge port 101 is provided on the front side of the bottom of the storage box 100, and a proximity switch is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the storage box 100; a seeding part 200 is arranged inside the seeding box 140, and ground wheel groups 300 are installed at both ends of the transverse tube 110;

[0036] The sowing unit 200 includes a sowing stepper motor 210 installed on the left side of the sowing box 140, a fertilizing stepper motor 220 installed on the right side of the sowing box 140, and a plurality of sowing wheels 230 coaxially connected to the sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizing stepper motor 220; the ground wheel assembly 300 includes a blade wheel 310, a rotary encoder 320 coaxially connected to the blade wheel 310, and an angle adjustment motor 340 for driving the blade wheel 310 to flip laterally to the horizontal tube 110;

[0037] The sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizing stepper motor 220 are electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver respectively; the proximity switch is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor 340, and the rotary encoder 320 is electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver;

[0038] The device installs a single-chip control module, a motor driver, and an inverter on a mounting substrate, and fixes the mounting substrate to a sheet metal box-type housing to form a controller 400; the rotary encoder 320 collects the rotational angular velocity of the blade wheel 310, and combines it with its radius to achieve a distance measurement effect; then the rotary encoder 320 is connected to the controller 400, and the measured data is fed back to the single-chip control module, and after program processing, the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are controlled to correspondingly adjust the rotation speed of the sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizing stepper motor 220, so as to achieve the effect of automatically adjusting the travel speed of the sowing machine and the sowing speed of the sowing box, on this basis, the user can set the speed parameters through the controller 400;

[0039] The proximity switch monitors the material inside the storage box 100. Once the material is insufficient, the proximity switch is triggered to transmit information to the single-chip control module, which determines that there is insufficient material and immediately alarms; and starts the angle adjustment motor 340 to retract the ground wheel group 300, and then feeds back information to the single-chip control module, which determines that the seed drill has stopped working.

[0040] Furthermore, the controller 400 is provided with a plurality of aviation plugs, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are respectively connected to the sowing stepping motor 210 and the fertilizing stepping motor 220 through two of the aviation plugs and the plug wires;

[0041] Two of the aviation plugs are connected to a sowing feedback device and a fertilizing feedback device. After the rotary encoder 320 obtains the rotation data of the blade wheel 310, it is fed back to the sowing feedback device and the fertilizing feedback device through the controller 400, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are triggered to respectively control the sowing stepper motor 210 and the fertilizing stepper motor 220 to work, thereby driving a number of sowing wheels 230 to automatically adjust the number of rotations according to the set parameters to throw out seeds and fertilizers.

[0042] Furthermore, when the material inside the storage box 100 is exhausted, the proximity switch is triggered to feedback a signal to the controller 400 to control the angle adjustment motor 340 to drive, thereby driving the ground wheel set 300 to turn up and retract, that is, the sowing process stops;

[0043] The controller 400 is connected to an interactive serial port screen via an aviation plug, and the operator sets parameters of the controller 400 via the interactive serial port screen; the controller 400 is connected to an external power supply via an aviation plug for powering the inverter.

[0044] In addition, a baffle plate 130 is slidably connected to the front side of the discharge port 101, a rack is vertically fixedly connected to the front side of the baffle plate 130, and a gear is meshed with the front side of the rack, and a rotating rod coaxially connected to the gear is sleeved on the top of the seeding box 140, and the gear is rotated by rotating the rotating rod to adjust the discharge amount of the discharge port 101 by adjusting the baffle plate 130; a plurality of discharge bins 141 are arranged side by side on the inner front wall of the seeding box 140, and the positions of the plurality of discharge bins 141 and the plurality of seeding wheels 230 are arranged correspondingly, and the number of the plurality of discharge bins 141 and the plurality of seeding wheels 230 are equal and distributed in two cavities of the discharge bin 141 in half;

[0045] A guide pipe 240 is sleeved on the bottom port of the discharge bin 141, and a ground plug 250 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal pipe 110. Two guide pipes 240 are plugged into the ground plug 250, and the upper ends of the two guide pipes 240 are respectively plugged into the discharge bins 141 of the two cavities of the sowing box 140; fertilizers and seeds are respectively poured into the two cavities of the storage box 100, and then fall into the two cavities of the sowing box 140, and then fall from a plurality of guide pipes 240 into the ground plug 250, and the ground plug 250 slides in contact with the ground to release the fertilizers and seeds into the soil at the same time.

[0046] Furthermore, straight rods are sleeved at both ends of the wheel shaft of the impeller 310, and a supporting sleeve 311 is sleeved at the front end of the two straight rods through a long shaft sleeve, a square rod is welded in the middle of the supporting sleeve 311, and the square rod is fixedly connected to the cross tube 110, so that the impeller 310 is supported by the supporting sleeve 311 as a whole and can rotate and move;

[0047] The wheel axle and one end of the long axis of the blade wheel 310 are fixedly connected with a wheel cover 330, which is used to protect the rotary encoder 320 and prevent outsiders from touching the blade wheel 310; a half-circle gear ring 331 is welded to one end of the wheel cover 330, and the angle adjustment motor 340 is installed on the square rod and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the transmission gear 341, and the transmission gear 341 is meshed with the half-circle gear ring 331. The angle adjustment motor 340 drives the transmission gear 341 to rotate, and the half-circle gear ring 331 drives the wheel cover 330 and the blade wheel 310 to flip over the horizontal tube 110 as a whole, and the sowing work is stopped.

[0048] When the numerical control precision seeder control module and its supporting components and the storage box 100 of the present invention are pulled and moved as a whole, the external power supply supplies power to the controller 400, the single-chip control module starts to work, and controls the blade wheel 310 to touch the ground, and then the sowing program starts to run; the operator uses the interactive serial port screen to complete the setting of the sowing mode and parameters, and then the seeder can be started to move forward as a whole; during the moving process, the rotary encoder 320 collects the rotation data of the blade wheel 310, and feeds it back to the single-chip control module, and after being processed by the set program, the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are controlled to adjust the rotation speed of the sowing stepping motor 210 and the fertilizing stepping motor 220 accordingly, and the sowing box 140 starts to automatically adjust the seeding and fertilization according to the parameters, so as to achieve the effect of automatically adjusting the travel speed of the seeder and the sowing speed of the sowing box;

[0049] When the fertilizer and seeds are exhausted, the proximity switch at the bottom of the storage box 100 is triggered to feedback a signal to the single-chip control module, which determines that there is insufficient material and immediately alarms; and starts the angle adjustment motor 340 to retract the ground wheel group 300, and then feedback information to the single-chip control module, which determines that the seed drill has stopped working.

[0050] It is worth mentioning that Figure 5 The serial number marks are as follows: 1 control module, 2 fertilization motor driver, 3 sowing motor driver, 4 inverter, 5 inverter, M1 external power supply, M2 sowing stepper motor, M3 fertilization stepper motor, M4 fertilization feedback, M5 proximity switch, M6 angle adjustment motor, M7 sowing feedback, M8 rotary encoder, M9 interactive serial port screen, K1 wiring switch, Q1~Q9 aviation plugs;

[0051] Figure 6The names of the serial numbers are as follows: M1 external power supply, M2 sowing stepper motor, M3 fertilization stepper motor, M4 fertilization feedback, M5 proximity switch, M6 angle adjustment motor, M7 sowing feedback, M8 rotary encoder, M9 interactive serial port screen, K1 wiring switch, B1 controller, B2 sowing box, B3 transmission gear, B4 blade wheel.

[0052] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control module for a numerically controlled precision seeder and its supporting components, comprising a material storage box (100) divided into two cavities and a seeding box (140) installed at the bottom thereof, wherein the seeding box (140) is also divided into two cavities; a transverse tube (110) is disposed horizontally at the front of the lower part of the seeding box (140); a pulling frame (120) for supporting the seeding box (140) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the transverse tube (110); the characteristics are: A controller (400) is installed on the side wall of the storage box (100), and the controller (400) includes a single-chip control module, a fertilizer motor driver, a sowing motor driver, an inverter and a power module; a discharge port (101) is provided on the front side of the bottom of the storage box (100), and a proximity switch is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the storage box (100); a sowing part (200) is provided inside the sowing box (140), and ground wheel groups (300) are installed at both ends of the transverse tube (110); The sowing unit (200) comprises a sowing stepper motor (210) installed on the left side of the sowing box (140), a fertilizing stepper motor (220) installed on the right side of the sowing box (140), and a plurality of sowing wheels (230) coaxially connected to the sowing stepper motor (210) and the fertilizing stepper motor (220); the ground wheel assembly (300) comprises a blade wheel (310), a rotary encoder (320) coaxially connected to the blade wheel (310), and an angle adjustment motor (340) for driving the blade wheel (310) to flip laterally of the transverse tube (110); The sowing stepper motor (210) and the fertilizing stepper motor (220) are electrically connected to the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver respectively; the proximity switch is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor (340), and the rotary encoder (320) is electrically connected to both the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver.

2. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (400) is provided with a plurality of aviation plugs, and the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver are respectively connected to the sowing stepping motor (210) and the fertilizing stepping motor (220) via two of the aviation plugs and the plug wires.

3. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two of the aviation plugs are connected to a sowing feedback device and a fertilizing feedback device. After the rotary encoder (320) obtains the rotation data of the blade wheel (310), it feeds back to the sowing feedback device and the fertilizing feedback device through the controller (400), thereby triggering the sowing motor driver and the fertilizing motor driver to respectively control the sowing stepping motor (210) and the fertilizing stepping motor (220) to work, thereby driving a plurality of sowing wheels (230) to automatically adjust the number of rotations according to set parameters to eject seeds and fertilizers.

4. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the material inside the storage box (100) is exhausted, the proximity switch is triggered to feedback a signal to the controller (400) to control the angle adjustment motor (340) to drive, thereby driving the ground wheel assembly (300) to flip up and retract, that is, the sowing process stops.

5. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 4, characterized in that: The controller (400) is connected to an interactive serial port screen via an aviation plug, and an operator sets parameters of the controller (400) via the interactive serial port screen.

6. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller (400) is connected to an external power source via an aviation plug for powering the inverter.

7. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front side of the discharge port (101) is slidably connected to a baffle plate (130), the front side of the baffle plate (130) is vertically fixedly connected to a rack, and the front side of the rack is meshed with a gear, the top of the seeding box (140) is sleeved with a rotating rod coaxially connected to the gear, and a plurality of discharge bins (141) are arranged side by side on the inner front wall of the seeding box (140), the plurality of discharge bins (141) and the plurality of seeding wheels (230) are arranged correspondingly, and the number of the plurality of discharge bins (141) and the plurality of seeding wheels (230) are equal and distributed in half in the two cavities of the discharge bin (141).

8. The control module of the numerically controlled precision seeder and its supporting components according to claim 7, characterized in that: A material guide pipe (240) is sleeved on the bottom port of the discharge bin (141), a ground plug pipe (250) is fixedly connected below the horizontal pipe (110), two material guide pipes (240) are plugged into the ground plug pipe (250), and the upper ends of the two material guide pipes (240) are respectively plugged into and matched with the discharge bins (141) of the two cavities of the sowing box (140).

9. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 8, characterized in that: Straight rods are sleeved at both ends of the wheel shaft of the blade wheel (310), and supporting sleeves (311) are sleeved at the front ends of the two straight rods through long shaft sleeves. A square rod is welded to the middle of the supporting sleeve (311), and the square rod is fixedly connected to the transverse tube (110).

10. The CNC precision seeder control module and its supporting components according to claim 9, characterized in that: The wheel axle and one end of the long axis of the blade wheel (310) are fixedly connected to a wheel cover (330), one end of the wheel cover (330) is welded with a half-circle gear ring (331), the angle adjustment motor (340) is installed on the square rod and its output shaft is coaxially connected to the transmission gear (341), and the transmission gear (341) is meshed with the half-circle gear ring (331).

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