Method for rapidly breeding sophora davidii in dry-hot valley region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a method for rapidly breeding sophora davidii in a dry and hot valley region. According to the method, in the sowing stage, a soil matrix layer comprises rice husks, sandy soil, polyacrylamide and a fertilizer, and a seed layer comprises wood flour, sandy soil, a water-retaining agent combination and humic acid; the water-retaining agent composition comprises polyacrylamide and at least one other water-retaining functional component; in the seed layer, the use amount of the water-retaining agent composition is 0.03 to 0.06 percent by volume, and the use amount of the polyacrylamide is 0.01 to 0.03 percent by volume. According to the method, the components of the soil matrix layer and the seed layer for planting the nitraria davidii are improved, the germination rate, the growth height and the coverage degree of the seeds of the nitraria davidii are remarkably increased, the nitraria davidii can rapidly cover the slope surface, and the method can be widely applied to mountain ecological restoration, road greening, mine repairing and the like in the Tibet dry and hot valley area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, and in particular to a method for rapidly breeding white thorn flowers in dry and hot valley areas. Background Art

[0002] The climate in the dry and hot river valley is hot and rainy, soil erosion is serious, the ecosystem is very fragile, and there is a large temperature difference between morning and evening. In the dry and hot river valley area, it is often affected by the föhn wind, which makes the climate in the dry and hot river valley dry and hot, with high evaporation. The vegetation system growing on the slopes of the valley is very fragile. Once it is improperly developed, vegetation recovery will be very difficult.

[0003] White thorn tree is a positive tree species that likes light and is highly drought-resistant. It is one of the soil and water conservation tree species. Its flowering period is from March to August. It can adapt to an altitude of about 3,000m and is the main community-forming tree species in the dry and hot river valley areas of Tibet. White thorn tree has a hard seed coat, a long germination cycle, and relatively weak growth in the early stages. Under conventional treatment measures, it often cannot survive the winter normally, leading to failure of ecological restoration.

[0004] There are currently many methods for improving the planting of white thorn flower in the prior art, but most of these methods are based on the hardness and germination characteristics of white thorn flower seeds, and the white thorn flower seeds are treated with sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, hot water soaking, sand rubbing, mechanical treatment, hormone treatment and other treatment methods. For example, CN201910025100.2 uses mud liquid and methanol to improve the germination rate of white thorn flower seeds, and CN201010169069.9 uses hot water treatment to accelerate germination and improve the germination rate of seeds. However, these methods still fail to achieve the rapid propagation of white thorn, and it is difficult to meet the greening requirements of dry and hot valley climate areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for rapidly breeding Nitraria sibiricum in dry and hot river valley areas.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower, wherein at the sowing stage, the soil matrix layer comprises: rice husk, sandy soil, polyacrylamide and fertilizer, and the seed layer comprises: wood powder, sandy soil, a water retaining agent combination and humic acid; the water retaining agent combination comprises polyacrylamide and at least one other water retaining functional component; In the seed layer, the amount of the water retaining agent combination is 0.03-0.06% by volume, and the amount of polyacrylamide is 0.01-0.03% by volume.

[0007] The molecular weight of polyacrylamide solution exceeds 2000, which can form large flocs and the resulting huge surface adsorption effect; coupled with the long molecular chain, it carries a lot of charge, which is opposite to the potential of soil colloids, achieving the dual role of potential and adsorption bridge, wrapping soil colloids and other materials into a whole, achieving a balance between the number of small pores between soil colloids and the number of large pores between soil colloids and other materials, which not only increases the porosity of the soil, but also increases the water holding capacity of the soil. Wood powder can increase the porosity of the soil, improve the germination rate and growth potential of seeds, and has certain water retention and water storage. Humic acid can adjust the pH of the soil, increase the activity of beneficial bacteria, form soil aggregate structure, loosen the tillage layer, and create a good environment for rooting and strengthening seedlings.

[0008] The present invention uses wood powder, polyacrylamide and humic acid in the seed layer to form a soil structure that is most suitable for the growth of white thorn flower, which has a suitable porosity to meet the oxygen content required for seed germination; at the same time, it has a water holding capacity far higher than that of the planting soil, so that the seeds are in a state of water absorption, expansion, and germination before germination, and germinate quickly; at the same time, it has a suitable temperature during actual planting to prevent the soil temperature from dropping quickly at night, and can promote strong seed germination potential. Finally, the seed germination rate and breeding efficiency are significantly improved, which can further effectively improve the coverage efficiency when using white thorn flower for ecological improvement.

[0009] The present invention uses rice husks and polyacrylamide in the soil matrix layer to enable the soil to form a porosity and water storage capacity suitable for the growth of white thorn flower, promote the growth of the root system of white thorn flower, and further enable the plant to grow rapidly.

[0010] The present invention discovered the great advantages of polyacrylamide in the rapid propagation of Nitraria sibiricum during research. Although polyacrylamide is often used as a water retaining agent, when it is replaced by other water retaining agents, the propagation efficiency of Nitraria sibiricum is significantly reduced.

[0011] Further, the soil matrix layer comprises: 20-40 parts of rice husk, 15-30 parts of sandy soil, 0.01-0.07 parts of polyacrylamide and 2-7 parts of fertilizer; and / or, The seed layer comprises: 15-30 parts of wood powder, 30-40 parts of sandy soil, 0.03-0.06 parts of water retaining agent combination and 3-8 parts of humic acid.

[0012] Furthermore, the soil matrix layer comprises, by volume percentage: 20-40% rice husk, 15-30% sandy soil, 0.01-0.07% polyacrylamide and 2-7% fertilizer; and / or, The seed layer comprises: 15-30% of wood powder, 30-40% of sandy soil, 0.03-0.06% of a water retaining agent combination and 3-8% of humic acid.

[0013] Further preferably, the soil matrix layer comprises: 25-35% rice husk, 20-25% sandy soil, 0.02-0.05% polyacrylamide and 3-5% fertilizer; and / or, The seed layer comprises: 17.5-25% of wood powder, 32.5-35% of sandy soil, 0.035-0.05% of a water retaining agent combination and 3.5-5% of humic acid.

[0014] Furthermore, the method comprises: Seed germination, the sowing stage, coconut fiber blanket covering and seed emergence stage.

[0015] Furthermore, the seed germination comprises: Treat the white thorn flower seeds at 0-4℃ for 25-35 days, then treat them with water at an initial temperature of 55-80℃ for 20-30 hours and disinfect them before sowing.

[0016] Furthermore, the sowing stage also includes: The thickness of the soil matrix layer is 10-14 cm, and the thickness of the seed layer is 1.5-2.5 cm; The sowing amount is 8~12g / square meter, and the seed layer sowing thickness is 1.5~2.5 cm.

[0017] Furthermore, the coconut fiber mat covering includes: covering with coconut fiber mat after sowing and continuing until the seeds have finished germinating.

[0018] Furthermore, the seed emergence stage includes: Apply 0.04~0.06 w / w% urea aqueous solution on the 14th to 16th day after seed germination, apply 0.09~0.11 w / w% urea aqueous solution on the 24th to 26th day after seed germination, and apply 0.18~0.22 w / w% urea aqueous solution on the 34th to 36th day after seed germination.

[0019] When breeding white thorn flowers in dry and hot valley areas, it faces challenges different from other areas. White thorn flowers are legumes, and their slow growth in the early stage leads to the inability to lignify in winter, and they are frozen to death in winter. Urea aqueous solution can promote rapid growth of plants, but it takes some time from the application of urea to the conversion for plant absorption and utilization; therefore, the concentration, quantity and frequency of fertilization are crucial to the breeding of white thorn flowers. In the early stage, the seedlings are small, and excessive concentration is prone to seedling burns, leading to death. Too low concentration has little effect on plant growth, and late fertilization time misses the growth time. Therefore, the present invention applies different concentrations of urea at different seedling stages to provide sufficient nutrients for legumes before rhizobia grow, promote rapid growth, and shorten lignification time.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a method for rapidly breeding Nitraria sibiricum in a dry and hot valley area, comprising: Seed germination, sowing stage, coconut fiber blanket covering and seed emergence stage; The seed germination method comprises: treating the white thorn flower seeds at 0-4°C for 25-35 days, treating them with water with an initial temperature of 55-80°C for 20-30 hours, changing the water every 10-12 hours, and disinfecting before sowing.

[0021] The sowing stage includes: a sowing amount of 8-12 g / m2, a seed layer sowing thickness of 1.5-2.5 cm, and in terms of volume percentage, the soil matrix layer includes: 25-35% rice husk, 20-25% sandy soil, 0.02-0.05% polyacrylamide and 3-5% fertilizer, and the balance is water; the seed layer includes: 17.5-25% wood powder, 32.5-35% sandy soil, 0.035-0.05% water retaining agent combination and 3.5-5% humic acid, and the balance is water; the soil matrix layer thickness is 10-14 cm, and the seed layer thickness is 1.5-2.5 cm; The coconut fiber blanket covering includes: covering with coconut fiber blanket after sowing and continuing until the seeds germinate. The seed germination stage includes: applying 0.04-0.06 v / v% urea aqueous solution on the 14th to 16th day of seed germination, applying 0.09-0.11 v / v% urea aqueous solution on the 24th to 26th day of seed germination, and applying 0.18-0.22 v / v% urea aqueous solution on the 34th to 36th day of seed germination.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides application of the method described in improving the reproduction efficiency of Nitraria tangutorum in dry-hot river valley areas.

[0023] Furthermore, the application includes: improving one or more of the germination rate, height or coverage of Nitraria sibiricum.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention improves the soil matrix layer and seed layer components during white thorn flower sowing, significantly improves the germination rate, height and emergence speed of white thorn flower seeds, can quickly cover the slope surface 60 days after the emergence of white thorn flower, shortens the complete regreening time by 30 days, shortens the lignification time, and significantly reduces the maintenance cost.

[0025] The rapid propagation method of Nitraria tangutorum provided by the present invention can be widely used in mountain ecological restoration, road greening and mine restoration in dry and hot valley areas (such as Tibet), and has high practical application value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The experimental methods involved in the following examples, unless otherwise mentioned, are all conventional methods in the art, for example, reference may be made to experimental manuals in the art, or the conditions recommended in the manufacturer's instructions.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials and reagents involved in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0029] The rice husk and wood powder of the present invention can be directly collected in the area where white thorn flowers are grown.

[0030] The sandy soil of the present invention can be directly collected from areas where white thorn flowers are grown.

[0031] The coconut fiber carpet of the present invention can be purchased commercially. The fertilizer in the present invention is purchased fertilizer, which is Aofeng compound fertilizer (Hubei Aofeng Chemical Co., Ltd.), the ratio of N, P and K is 20:20:20, and the total nutrient content is ≥60%.

[0032] Example 1 The present invention provides a method for breeding white thorn flower, comprising: (1) Seed germination treatment: After low temperature treatment at 0-4℃ for 30 days, treat with hot water at an initial temperature of 60℃ for 24 hours, and change the water every 12 hours. Remove the hard seeds that have not swelled, and disinfect with 0.4% potassium permanganate solution before sowing.

[0033] (2) Prepare soil matrix layer and seed layer. The thickness of the matrix layer is 12 cm, and the thickness of the seed layer is 2 cm.

[0034] The matrix layer ratio is as follows: calculated based on 100% volume, 25% rice husk, 20% sandy soil, 0.02% polyacrylamide, 3% fertilizer, and the balance is water.

[0035] The composition of the seed layer is as follows: 25% wood powder, 35% sandy soil, 0.02% polyacrylamide, 0.03% water retaining agent, 5% humic acid, and the balance is water.

[0036] (3) Before sowing, the substrate should be fully moistened. The sowing amount of seeds per square meter is 10g, and the sowing thickness of the seed layer is 2cm.

[0037] (4) Cover with coconut fiber mat and remove the mat after the seeds have finished germinating.

[0038] (5) 15, 25, and 35 days after seed emergence, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 w / w% urea aqueous solution were used for fertilizer application, with the amount of aqueous solution sprayed being 5 kg per square meter.

[0039] Example 2 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that the difference lies only in the ratio of the soil matrix layer and the seed layer, specifically, by volume percentage, comprising: The matrix layer ratio is as follows: calculated based on 100% volume, 35% rice husk, 25% sandy soil, 0.05% polyacrylamide, 5% fertilizer, and the balance is water.

[0040] The composition of the seed layer is as follows: 25% wood powder, 35% sandy soil, 0.02% polyacrylamide, 0.03% water retaining agent, 5% humic acid, and the balance is water.

[0041] Example 3 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that the difference lies only in the ratio of the soil matrix layer and the seed layer, specifically, by volume percentage, comprising: The matrix layer ratio is as follows: calculated based on 100% volume, 30% rice husk, 22.5% sandy soil, 0.035% polyacrylamide, 4% fertilizer, and the balance is water.

[0042] The composition of the seed layer is as follows: 17.5% wood powder, 32.5% sandy soil, 0.015% polyacrylamide, 0.02% water retaining agent, 3.5% humic acid, and the balance is water.

[0043] Comparative Example 1 A method for rapidly propagating Nitraria sibiricum in the dry and hot river valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are basically the same as those of Example 1, except that the polyacrylamide in the soil matrix layer and the seed layer is replaced by an equal volume of water.

[0044] Comparative Example 2 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot river valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are basically the same as those of Example 1, except that the rice husks in the soil matrix layer and the wood powder in the seed layer are replaced with equal volumes of water.

[0045] Comparative Example 3 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot river valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are basically the same as those of Example 1, except that the humic acid in the seed layer is replaced with an equal volume of water.

[0046] Comparative Example 4 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot river valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are basically the same as those of Example 1, except that the water retaining agent in the seed layer is replaced with an equal volume of water.

[0047] Comparative Example 5 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot river valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are substantially the same as those of Example 1, except that no urea aqueous solution is used for fertilization after the seeds emerge.

[0048] Comparative Example 6 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are basically the same as those of Example 1, except that the polyacrylamide in the soil matrix layer and the seed layer is replaced with an equal volume of hydroxyethyl cellulose.

[0049] Comparative Example 7 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot river valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are basically the same as those of Example 1, except that the polyacrylamide in the soil matrix layer and the seed layer is replaced with an equal volume of potassium polyacrylate.

[0050] Comparative Example 8 A method for rapidly propagating white thorn flower in the dry and hot valley area of ​​Tibet, wherein the steps are basically the same as those of Example 1, except that the polyacrylamide in the soil matrix layer and the seed layer is replaced with an equal volume of water-absorbing resin.

[0051] Experimental Example 1 This experimental example is aimed at the porosity, pH, conductivity, maximum water holding capacity, germination rate, height and coverage of each group of methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5. Specifically: Porosity detection method: The total pore volume of the soil (including the soil matrix layer and the seed layer) is measured as a percentage of the total soil volume using the ring knife method. The porosity is calculated based on the volume of water that the soil can hold.

[0052] Maximum water holding capacity: refer to the determination method of NY / T1121.22-2010.

[0053] Germination rate: 100 seeds of white thorn flower are placed in a culture dish with soil (including soil matrix layer and seed layer) configured according to the test ratio, and the culture dish with seeds is placed in a seed germination box to maintain a certain humidity, set the temperature to 25℃, and count the germination rate of white thorn flower seeds after 14 days. According to the requirements of "Quality Classification of Forest Seeds" GB7908, the number of germinated white thorn flower seeds is counted as m, and the germination rate of white thorn flower seeds is calculated to be m%.

[0054] pH: Refer to the determination method of NY / T1377-2007.

[0055] Conductivity: Refer to the determination method of HJ 802-2016.

[0056] Cover: The percentage of vegetation cover to the total area is measured. Height and cover are measured 60 days after seed emergence.

[0057] Table 1 Growth status of Nitraria tangutorum in each test group

[0058] From the above results we can see that: The soil (soil matrix layer + seed layer) provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a structure and physical and chemical properties that are most suitable for the growth of white thorn flowers. After 60 days, the coverage reaches more than 92%, and after 90 days, the coverage reaches more than 96%.

[0059] Compared with Example 5, Example 1 does not require different urea aqueous solutions for fertilization after the seeds emerge. This is because: Whitethorn Flower is a leguminous plant, and its slow growth in the early stage leads to the inability to grow wood in winter, and it is frozen to death in winter. Urea aqueous solution can promote the rapid growth of plants. It takes a period of time from the application of urea to the conversion for plant absorption and utilization; therefore, the concentration, quantity and frequency of fertilization are crucial to the breeding of Whitethorn Flower. The seedlings are small in the early stage, and excessive concentration is prone to seedling burn, leading to death. Too low concentration has little effect on plant growth, and late fertilization time misses the growth time. Therefore, fertilization at 15d, 25d, and 35d after emergence is the best time for fertilization. 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% are also concentrations suitable for Whitethorn Flower in different stages. Before the growth of rhizobia, sufficient nutrients are provided for leguminous plants, promoting rapid growth and shortening the lignification time.

[0060] Compared with Example 1 and Comparative Examples 6-8, water retainer 1, water retainer 2 and water retainer 3 are all commercial water retainers purchased from the market. However, their effects are not as good as those of polyacrylamide, because polyacrylamide can form a soil structure suitable for the growth of Nitraria tangutorum with other components in the soil, and the small pores and large pores are reasonably distributed, so that the seeds germinate quickly and have strong growth potential.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly breeding white thorn flowers, characterized in that: In the sowing stage, the soil matrix layer includes: rice husk, sandy soil, polyacrylamide and fertilizer, and the seed layer includes: wood powder, sandy soil, a water retaining agent combination and humic acid; the water retaining agent combination includes polyacrylamide and at least one other water retaining functional component; In the seed layer, the amount of the water retaining agent combination is 0.03-0.06% by volume, and the amount of polyacrylamide is 0.01-0.03% by volume.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The soil matrix layer comprises, by volume: 20-40 parts of rice husk, 15-30 parts of sandy soil, 0.01-0.07 parts of polyacrylamide and 2-7 parts of fertilizer; and / or, The seed layer comprises: 15-30 parts of wood powder, 30-40 parts of sandy soil, 0.03-0.06 parts of water retaining agent combination and 3-8 parts of humic acid.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In terms of volume percentage, the soil matrix layer comprises: 20-40% rice husk, 15-30% sandy soil, 0.01-0.07% polyacrylamide and 2-7% fertilizer; and / or, The seed layer comprises: 15-30% of wood powder, 30-40% of sandy soil, 0.03-0.06% of a water retaining agent combination and 3-8% of humic acid.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises: Seed germination, the sowing stage, coconut fiber blanket covering and seed emergence stage.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The seed germination comprises: Treat the white thorn flower seeds at 0-4℃ for 25-35 days, then treat them with water at an initial temperature of 55-80℃ for 20-30 hours and disinfect them before sowing.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The sowing stage also includes: The thickness of the soil matrix layer is 10-14 cm, and the thickness of the seed layer is 1.5-2.5 cm; The sowing amount is 8~12g / square meter, and the seed layer sowing thickness is 1.5~2.5 cm.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The coconut fiber mat covering comprises: covering with coconut fiber mat after sowing and continuing until the seeds have finished germinating.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The seed emergence stage includes: Apply 0.04~0.06 w / w% urea aqueous solution on the 14th to 16th day after seed germination, apply 0.09~0.11 w / w% urea aqueous solution on the 24th to 26th day after seed germination, and apply 0.18~0.22 w / w% urea aqueous solution on the 34th to 36th day after seed germination.

9. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in improving the reproduction efficiency of Nitraria tangutorum in dry-hot valley areas.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The application includes: improving one or more of the germination rate, height or coverage of Nitraria sibiricum.

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