Near-nature restoration and reconstruction method for declined haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest

Abstract

The invention discloses a near-natural restoration and reconstruction method for a declined haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest, and belongs to the field of desert vegetation restoration. The method comprises the following steps: dividing the haloxylon ammodendron wind-prevention and sand-fixation forest with a row belt type planting specification into a mild decline haloxylon ammodendron wind-prevention and sand-fixation forest, a moderate decline haloxylon ammodendron wind-prevention and sand-fixation forest and a severe decline haloxylon ammodendron wind-prevention and sand-fixation forest according to different stand structures; when the haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest is a slightly declined haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest, the first stumping mode is circulated in the first period to conduct stumping rejuvenation with the stumping strength being 16%; when the haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest is a moderately declined haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest, the second stumping mode is circulated in the first period to conduct stumping rejuvenation with the stumping strength being 25%; and when the haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest is a heavily declined haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest, performing mixed replanting through haloxylon ammodendron and nitraria tangutorum in a second period. The stumping mode is diversified, the strength and width are appropriate, follow-up haloxylon ammodendron growth is facilitated, and near-natural restoration and reconstruction of the declined haloxylon ammodendron wind prevention and sand fixation forest can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of desert vegetation restoration, and in particular to a near-natural restoration and reconstruction method for a declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest. Background Art

[0003] Haloxylon ammodendron is an excellent tree species for windbreak and sand fixation in arid desert areas around the world. It is mainly distributed in arid desert areas between 36° and 48° north latitude and 60° and 111° east longitude. It is currently the pioneer tree species for windbreak and sand fixation in my country. The total area of ​​desert vegetation dominated by Haloxylon ammodendron in my country is about 11 million hectares, accounting for about 1 / 10 of the total area of ​​deserts (excluding mountains) in China. Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests are an important part of the northern sand-control belt shelterbelt and ecological security barrier. However, with the increase in population, human destruction and overgrazing of Haloxylon ammodendron forests have become increasingly serious since the late 1950s. Although large-scale artificial afforestation in recent years has increased the area of ​​artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forests in the arid areas of western my country, due to climate change and human interference, large areas of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests are currently showing a trend of continuous decline. If effective restoration measures are not taken in time, this decline trend will continue to intensify, which will seriously weaken the ecological service function of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to restore the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest.

[0004] At present, the restoration technologies for declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests mainly include stubble rejuvenation technology and replanting and reconstruction technology. There is a stubble rejuvenation technology for degraded Haloxylon ammodendron forests, which takes Haloxylon ammodendron with fewer new branches and a degenerate growth trend as the stubble object, and stubbles are carried out in early winter from November to December. When stubble, the stubble is leveled one strip at a time, and the stubble width is 20m to 30m. After stubble, the stubble is covered with soil. There is another stubble rejuvenation technology for degraded Haloxylon ammodendron forests that stipulates that the stubble intensity of Haloxylon ammodendron forests is 100%, which is too high. The existing replanting and reconstruction technology is to replant Artemisia ordosica and red sand in severely degraded Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests.

[0005] The current stubble rejuvenation technology for Haloxylon ammodendron forests has a single stubble pattern and too high a stubble intensity. Due to the poor natural endowment conditions in the distribution areas of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, the existing stubble pattern and stubble intensity are likely to cause irreversible damage to Haloxylon ammodendron trees, thereby causing Haloxylon ammodendron death and forest stand decline. Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests are generally planted in deserts or wasteland areas to play an ecological function of windbreak and sand fixation. If the stubble width is too large, it will weaken the ecological benefits of windbreak and sand fixation of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests. The existing replanting and reconstruction technology does not take into account whether the soil moisture carrying capacity can bear the forest stand density after replanting and reconstruction, and the dominant tree species in the natural Haloxylon ammodendron forest are not selected when selecting replanting and reconstruction tree species, and the windbreak and sand fixation benefits of the selected mixed tree species are not optimal. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a near-natural restoration and reconstruction method for declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, which can solve the problems of the existing restoration technology for declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, such as a single stubble pattern, excessive stubble intensity, excessive stubble width, failure to consider well whether the soil moisture carrying capacity can bear the forest stand density after replanting and reconstruction, and failure to select dominant tree species.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is:

[0008] The embodiment of the present invention provides a near-natural restoration and reconstruction method for a declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, comprising:

[0009] The Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with strip planting specifications are divided into slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests and severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests according to different forest stand structures.

[0010] When the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest is a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest, the first stubbing mode is cycled in the first period for stubbing rejuvenation with a stubbing intensity of 16%; when the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest is a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest, the second stubbing mode is cycled in the first period for stubbing rejuvenation with a stubbing intensity of 25%; when the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest is a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest, mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is performed in the second period.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest with row-belt planting specifications is divided into slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest and severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to different forest stand structures, including:

[0012] The Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forests with row-belt planting specifications of the same age, with a stand density of 280 trees / hectare to 400 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of 48% to 68%, and a tree height of 130 cm to 160 cm, are classified as the slightly declined Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forest; the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forests with a stand density of 220 trees / hectare to 280 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of 68% to 72%, and a tree height of 110 cm to 130 cm are classified as the moderately declined Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forest; the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forests with a stand density of less than 220 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of more than 72%, and a tree height of less than 110 cm are classified as the severely declined Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forest.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the first period is from November in the current winter to March in the next spring.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the first pruning mode is as follows: each planting belt includes two columns of planting rows, and every three consecutive planting belts form a group; in the first year, any one planting belt is selected from each group as the first pruning belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the first pruning belt are pruned at a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not pruned is the first retained wood; in the fourth year, any one of the remaining two planting belts in each group is selected as the second pruning belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the second pruning belt are pruned at the predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not pruned is the first retained wood. The second reserved wood is Haloxylon ammodendron; in the seventh year, the remaining planting belt in each group is the third pruning belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the third pruning belt are pruned according to the predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not pruned at the predetermined stubble height is the third reserved wood; in the tenth year, the first reserved wood in the first pruning belt is pruned according to the predetermined stubble height; in the thirteenth year, the second reserved wood in the second pruning belt is pruned according to the predetermined stubble height; in the sixteenth year, the third reserved wood in the third pruning belt is pruned according to the predetermined stubble height; eighteen years is a pruning cycle;

[0015] And / or, the second cropping mode is: each planting belt contains two columns of planting rows, and every two consecutive planting belts form a group; in the first year, one planting belt is arbitrarily selected from each group as the cropping belt I, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the cropping belt I are cropped according to a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not cropped is the retained wood I; in the fourth year, the remaining planting belt in each group is the cropping belt II, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the cropping belt II are cropped according to a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not cropped is the retained wood II; in the seventh year, the retained wood I in the cropping belt I is cropped at a predetermined stubble height; in the tenth year, the retained wood II in the cropping belt II is cropped at a predetermined stubble height; twelve years is a cropping cycle.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the predetermined stubble height is 50 cm to 60 cm.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the second period is late April every year.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the mixed planting ratio of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is Haloxylon ammodendron:Nitraria tangutorum=3:1.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the mixed replanting pattern of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is as follows: the first Haloxylon ammodendron tree in the first row of every three existing rows is taken as the target tree, and a cyclic replanting process is implemented based on the target tree; the cyclic replanting process is to replant one Haloxylon ammodendron hole every 2 holes longitudinally until 6 holes of Haloxylon ammodendron are planted, and then to replant one Nitraria tangutorum hole every 2 holes until 2 holes of Nitraria tangutorum are planted.

[0020] In one possible implementation, Haloxylon ammodendron is sprayed with pesticides to inhibit Haloxylon ammodendron; and / or, adult Haloxylon ammodendron is lured and killed with yellow boards or fluorescent lamps; and / or, cyantraniliprole suspension, cyromazine and imidacloprid aqueous solution are sprayed on Haloxylon ammodendron branches and leaves; and / or, natural enemies of giant gerbils and their habitats are protected.

[0021] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0022] The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in the embodiment of the present invention is based on the forest stand structure of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, and the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest with row-belt planting specifications is divided into slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest and severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to different forest stand structures. Accurately dividing the decline degree of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest can provide a basis for accurately repairing the declining forest stands, thereby improving the restoration effect of the declining forest stands. When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the first stubble mode is circulated in the first period to perform stubble rejuvenation with a stubble intensity of 16%. When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the second stubble mode is circulated in the first period to perform stubble rejuvenation with a stubble intensity of 25%. When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is performed in the second period. The method of the embodiment of the present application can divide the existing Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests into different degrees of decline according to the forest stand structure, and carry out stub rejuvenation or mixed replanting according to different degrees of decline using different stubbing patterns and stubbing intensities. According to the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with different degrees of decline, corresponding stubbing intensities and stubbing patterns are carried out, and the stubbing patterns are diversified, the stubbing intensity is appropriate, and the stubbing width is appropriate, which is conducive to the subsequent good growth of Haloxylon ammodendron, and the near-natural restoration and reconstruction of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests can be achieved. According to the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with different degrees of decline, for severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum can make good use of the soil moisture carrying capacity to carry the forest stand density after replanting and reconstruction, and select dominant tree species. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A flow chart of a near-natural restoration and reconstruction method for a declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first year's stubble rejuvenation in the first stubble mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first year stubble rejuvenation of the second stubble mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest with a mixed replanting ratio of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum of 3:1 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 provided for the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 provided for the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 The actual working photos of the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is rejuvenated by stubble at a stubble intensity of 16% in the first year through the first stubble mode from November of the current winter to March of the next spring;

[0032] Fig. 9 The actual working photos of the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is subjected to stubble rejuvenation with a stubble intensity of 16% in the first year through the second stubble mode from November of the current winter to March of the next spring;

[0033] Fig.10 The actual working photos of the severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is replanted with mixed Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in late April each year;

[0034] Fig.11 Monthly growth status of Haloxylon ammodendron after pruning and rejuvenation with a pruning intensity of 16% for the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.12 Monthly growth status of Haloxylon ammodendron after pruning and rejuvenation with a pruning intensity of 25% for the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.13 Monthly growth conditions of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum after mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron number: Nitraria tangutorum number=3:1 in the severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.14 A comparison chart of the new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals treated with different stubble intensities and without stubble in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0038] Fig.15 A comparison chart of new shoot growth and crown width growth in a Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest treated with different stubble intensities and a Haloxylon ammodendron forest not treated with stubble in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0039] Fig.16 A comparison chart of the new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals treated with different stubble intensities and without stubble in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 2 of the present application;

[0040] Fig.17 A comparison chart of new shoot growth and crown width growth in a Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest treated with different stubble intensities and without stubble in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in Example 2 of the present application;

[0041] Fig.18 A comparison chart of new shoot growth and canopy growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron in each stubble pattern and unstubbed Haloxylon ammodendron in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 3 of the present application at 16% stubble intensity;

[0042] Fig.19 A comparison chart of new shoot growth and canopy growth of each stubble pattern and a Haloxylon ammodendron forest without stubble treatment in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 3 of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 20 A comparison chart of the growth of new shoots and the growth of canopy width of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals in each stubble pattern and the stubble-free Haloxylon ammodendron individuals in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in Example 4 of the present application at a stubble intensity of 25%;

[0044] Fig.21 A comparison chart of new shoot growth and canopy growth of each stubble pattern and a Haloxylon ammodendron forest without stubble treatment in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 4 of the present application at 25% stubble intensity;

[0045] Fig. 22This is a comparison chart of vegetation coverage and density of different replanting patterns in a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest and the Haloxylon ammodendron forest without replanting provided in Example 5 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] In the relevant description of this embodiment, the terms "including, containing, having" and the like are open terms and are generally understood to include but not be limited to; the term "at least one" is generally understood to mean one or more, where "plurality" refers to two or more; the term "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items, for example, "at least one of a, b or c", or "at least one of a, b and c", can all represent: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple, respectively; the symbol "A / B" is used to describe the selection relationship of associated objects, generally indicating an "or" relationship before and after.

[0048] In the following description of the present embodiment, the terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the numerical ranges in the embodiments of the present application are to be understood as each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, the technical / scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. Although this application only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of this application. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0051] The embodiment of the present invention provides a near-natural restoration and reconstruction method for a declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, comprising the following steps.

[0052] Step 1: Divide the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with row-type planting specifications into slightly declined Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, moderately declined Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests and severely declined Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests according to different forest stand structures. By dividing the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests according to different forest stand structures, it is possible to effectively repair and reconstruct the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with different degrees of decline in the future.

[0053] Step 1 includes: classifying the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests of the same tree age with row-belt planting specifications, with a stand density of 280 trees / hectare to 400 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of 48% to 68%, and a tree height of 130cm to 160cm as slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests. The Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with a stand density of 220 trees / hectare to 280 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of 68% to 72%, and a tree height of 110cm to 130cm are classified as moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests. Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with a stand density of less than 220 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of more than 72%, and a tree height of less than 110cm are classified as severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests. Accurately classifying the degree of decline of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests can provide a basis for the precise restoration of declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, thereby improving the restoration effect of declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests.

[0054] Step 2: When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, stubbing and rejuvenation with a stubbing intensity of 16% is carried out through the first stubbing mode in the first period.

[0055] When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, pruning rejuvenation with a pruning intensity of 25% is carried out through the second pruning mode in the first period.

[0056] The first period is from November in the winter of the current year to March in the spring of the following year, that is, before the spring germination of Haloxylon ammodendron. Because the temperature is relatively low during this period, plant transpiration and soil moisture evaporation are suppressed, which can prevent excessive plant moisture loss from the stubble after Haloxylon ammodendron is pruned, resulting in plant death.

[0057] Furthermore, the first stubble mode is: each planting belt contains two rows of planting (such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the two rows of planting rows in the dotted line box form a planting belt, and three consecutive planting belts form a group. In the first year, a planting belt is randomly selected from each group as the first stubble belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the first stubble belt are stubbled at a predetermined stubble height (such as Figure 2In the orientation shown, the first side is the left side and the second side is the right side. Of course, in practice, if the first side is the right side, the second side is the left side. The subsequent first and second sides are the same as explained here), the uncut Haloxylon ammodendron is the first reserved wood ( Figure 2 It is shown that each planting belt includes two columns of planting rows, and every three consecutive planting belts are regarded as a group. The third planting belt in each group is determined as the first stubble belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the left side of the odd-numbered rows of the first stubble belt and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the right side of the even-numbered rows are stubbled at a predetermined stubble height. That is, every 4 columns of planting rows, 2 columns of planting rows are stubbled (the first stubble belt), and the stubble is staggered in a "Z" shape with every other row and every other plant in the first stubble belt). In the fourth year, any one of the remaining two planting belts in each group is selected as the second stubble belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the second stubble belt are stubbled at a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not stubbled is the second reserved wood. In the seventh year, the remaining planting belt in each group is the third stubble belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the third stubble belt are stubbled at a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not stubbled at the predetermined stubble height is the third reserved wood. In the tenth year, the first reserved wood in the first cutting zone is cut according to the predetermined cutting height. In the thirteenth year, the second reserved wood in the second cutting zone is cut according to the predetermined cutting height. In the sixteenth year, the third reserved wood in the third cutting zone is cut according to the predetermined cutting height. Eighteen years is a cutting cycle.

[0058] Of course, in a Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, each group generally adopts a consistent first pruning pattern.

[0059] and / or, Figure 3 As shown, the second stubble pattern is: each planting belt contains two rows of planting, and each two consecutive planting belts are a group. In the first year, a planting belt is randomly selected from each group as a stubble belt I, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the stubble belt I are stubbled according to a predetermined stubble height (such as Figure 3 In the orientation shown, the first side is the left side and the second side is the right side. Of course, in practice, if the first side is the right side, the second side is the left side. The subsequent first side and second side are the same as explained here), the uncut Haloxylon ammodendron is the reserved wood I ( Figure 3It is shown that each planting belt includes two columns of planting rows, and every two consecutive planting belts are regarded as a group. The second planting belt in each group is determined as a stubble belt I, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the left side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the right side of the even-numbered rows of the stubble belt I are stubbled at a predetermined stubble height. That is, every other two columns of planting rows are stubbled (for stubble belt I), and the stubbled in the stubble belt I is staggered in a "Z" shape with every other row and every other plant). In the fourth year, the remaining planting belt in each group is a stubble belt II, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the stubble belt II are stubbled at a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not stubbled is the reserved wood II. In the seventh year, the reserved wood I in the stubble belt I is stubbled at a predetermined stubble height. In the tenth year, the reserved wood II in the stubble belt II is stubbled at a predetermined stubble height. Twelve years is a stubble cycle.

[0060] Of course, in a Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, each group generally adopts a consistent second cropping pattern.

[0061] The appropriate stubble intensity in the embodiment of the present application will not destroy the stability of the stand structure of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest. At the same time, the "Z"-shaped stubble pattern can improve the stand structure of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest and enhance the windbreak and sand-fixing ecological benefits of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest.

[0062] The predetermined stubble height is 50cm to 60cm, which can promote the growth of later Haloxylon ammodendron sprouts, balance transpiration water consumption and Haloxylon ammodendron growth needs, prevent Haloxylon ammodendron from dying due to excessive pruning, and improve the convenience of actual operation. The area where Haloxylon ammodendron plays a windbreak and sandfixation function is mainly 0cm to 60cm from the ground surface, and the predetermined stubble height can also enhance the windbreak and sandfixation ecological function of Haloxylon ammodendron.

[0063] like Figure 8 This is an actual working photo of the mildly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is rejuvenated by stubble at a stubble intensity of 16% in the first year through the first stubble mode from November in the winter of the current year to March in the spring of the following year. Fig. 9 This is an actual working photo of the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is rejuvenated by stubbing with a stubbing intensity of 16% in the first year through the second stubbing mode from November in the winter of the current year to March in the spring of the following year. Fig.11 The embodiments of the present application provide monthly growth conditions of Haloxylon ammodendron after pruning and rejuvenation of the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest at a pruning intensity of 16%. Fig.12 Monthly growth of Haloxylon ammodendron after stubble rejuvenation with a stubble intensity of 25% for the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in the embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest grows well after restoration using the near-natural restoration and reconstruction method for the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest of the embodiment of the present application.

[0064] When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is in severe decline, it is replanted by mixed planting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in the second period.

[0065] The dominant companion species in the natural Haloxylon ammodendron forest in the desert are Nitraria tangutorum and Red Sand, but the importance of Red Sand in the species composition of natural Haloxylon ammodendron forest is lower than that of Nitraria tangutorum. In addition, the study on the soil moisture utilization of Red Sand found that Red Sand mainly uses the soil moisture in the deeper layer of the soil, that is, 70cm to 160cm, while Haloxylon ammodendron mainly uses the soil moisture in the deeper layer of the soil, 60cm to 120cm, so Red Sand and Haloxylon ammodendron may have a competitive relationship in soil moisture utilization. And as the wind speed increases, the sand-blocking benefits of different shrubs are different, among which the sand-blocking benefits of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum are significantly higher than those of sand-fixing plants such as Calligonum mongolicum.

[0066] In summary, combined with the importance of the species composition of Nitraria tangutorum and Rhododendron rubrum in natural Haloxylon ammodendron forests, the soil moisture utilization strategies of Haloxylon ammodendron, Nitraria tangutorum and Rhododendron rubrum, and the comprehensive performance of the windbreak and sand fixation benefits of each species, it was finally determined that Nitraria tangutorum is the best mixed tree species for the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. The mixed planting of Nitraria tangutorum can not only increase the species richness of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest and increase the stability of the forest stand structure, but also give play to the efficient sand blocking benefits of Nitraria tangutorum, thereby enhancing the windbreak and sand fixation ecological service function of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. Nitraria tangutorum is a dominant companion species in natural Haloxylon ammodendron forests, and the windbreak and sand fixation benefits of Nitraria tangutorum are the best among the companion species suitable for mixed planting in Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests. The current mixed planting density is within the vegetation carrying capacity of arid desert areas. Therefore, this technology can not only ensure the preservation rate of plants after mixed planting, but also increase the species richness of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests, thereby enhancing its windbreak and sand fixation ecological function.

[0067] The second period is late April every year. During this period, the climatic conditions in the distribution area of ​​Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest are suitable, and with the rise in spring temperature, the soil in the distribution area of ​​Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest gradually thaws, and the soil moisture and temperature are more suitable for the planting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum. Planting Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in April can make full use of the longer growing season from spring to autumn, so that the plants have enough time for photosynthesis, nutrient accumulation and growth and development. If Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum are planted in winter or early spring, severe cold weather may occur, causing the plants to be frozen or growth stunted. At the same time, the distribution area of ​​Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is windy and sandy, and the ecological environment is fragile. Planting sand-loving plants such as Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum can enhance the windbreak and sand-fixing ecological function of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, thereby improving the ecological environment. Therefore, late April is the best time to replant Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum, which is conducive to plant growth and ecological environment restoration.

[0068] The mixed planting ratio of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is Haloxylon ammodendron:Nitraria tangutorum = 3:1.

[0069] like Figure 4As shown in the figure, the mixed replanting method of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is: the first Haloxylon ammodendron in the first row of every three existing Haloxylon ammodendrons is the target tree, and the cyclic replanting process is implemented based on the target tree. The cyclic replanting process is to replant 1 Haloxylon ammodendron hole every 2 holes in the longitudinal direction, until 6 Haloxylon ammodendron holes are replanted, and then replant 1 Nitraria tangutorum hole every 2 holes, until 2 Nitraria tangutorum holes are replanted. That is, the mixed replanting density of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is: 6 holes / mu for Haloxylon ammodendron and 2 holes / mu for Nitraria tangutorum. After the mixed replanting, the ratio of Nitraria tangutorum to Haloxylon ammodendron retained in the forest is 6:4, and the total density of the forest is 23 holes / mu to 27 holes / mu. The row spacing of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum replanting is 9m×9m, and the configuration is in the shape of a Chinese character. When replanting, straighten the seedlings, press them tightly, and cover them with loose soil slightly, so as to achieve "one lift, two steps, and three soil cultivation". The roots of the seedlings are straight and the water for the seedlings is about 10kg / hole to 15kg / hole.

[0070] like Fig.10 This is a photo of actual work of replanting the severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest with mixed Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in late April each year provided in the embodiments of the present application. Fig.13 The monthly growth of Haloxylon ammodendron after stubble rejuvenation with a 16% stubble intensity in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sandfixing forest provided in the embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, after the mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in the severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sandfixing forest, both Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum grew well.

[0071] Step 3: Spray Haloxylon ammodendron with pesticides to inhibit Haloxylon ammodendron; and / or, use yellow boards or fluorescent lamps to lure and kill adult Haloxylon ammodendron; and / or, spray Haloxylon ammodendron branches and leaves with cyantraniliprole suspension, cyromazine and imidacloprid aqueous solution; and / or, protect the natural enemies of giant gerbils and their habitats.

[0072] Specifically, Haloxylon ammodendron psyllids often lay eggs in the soil, and covering the stubble with soil after stubble may cause the risk of Haloxylon ammodendron being infected with psyllids. Spraying Haloxylon ammodendron with Haloxylon ammodendron psyllid-inhibiting pesticides such as triadimefon, 12% emamectin benzoate, acarbamide, etc. can be used to control Haloxylon ammodendron psyllids, one of the main pests in Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests. Using yellow boards or fluorescent lamps can lure and kill Haloxylon ammodendron psyllid adults, which can control Haloxylon ammodendron psyllids.

[0073] Cistanche borers eat Cistanche and bore tunnels all the way to the roots, causing the entire Cistanche to rot and deteriorate, and also damaging the root health of Haloxylon ammodendron. Spraying Haloxylon ammodendron branches and leaves with 1000 times of 19% cyantraniliprole suspension, 3000-5000 times of 75% cyromazine, and 1000-2000 times of 20% imidacloprid aqueous solution can be used as chemical pesticides to control Cistanche borers, one of the main pests in Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests, and can inhibit Cistanche borers.

[0074] The giant gerbil is a naturally distributed rat species in some areas where Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests are distributed. It is mainly distributed in the Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum desert shrub areas. It mainly causes serious damage to the vegetation in the sandy desert by digging tunnels underground and gnawing on branches, which leads to the death of vegetation in the sandy areas and desertification of the land. Protect the natural enemies of the giant gerbil and their habitats. For example, artificially set up a perch, bird nest and bird box at the edge of the desert forest area and near the agricultural area to optimize the habitat, breeding environment and predation conditions of the natural enemies of the giant gerbil, so as to biologically control the giant gerbil, the main pest in the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest.

[0075] Through the above-mentioned chemical pesticide control and biological control measures, the pests and diseases and rodent damage in the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest can be reduced, the health of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest can be improved, and a more stable growth and development environment can be provided for Haloxylon ammodendron.

[0076] The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in the embodiment of the present invention is based on the forest stand structure of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, and the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest with row-belt planting specifications is divided into slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest and severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to different forest stand structures. Accurately dividing the decline degree of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest can provide a basis for accurately repairing the declining forest stands, thereby improving the restoration effect of the declining forest stands. When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the first stubble mode is circulated in the first period to perform stubble rejuvenation with a stubble intensity of 16%. When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the second stubble mode is circulated in the first period to perform stubble rejuvenation with a stubble intensity of 25%. When the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest is a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is performed in the second period. The method of the embodiment of the present application can divide the existing Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests into different degrees of decline according to the forest stand structure, and carry out stub rejuvenation or mixed replanting according to different degrees of decline using different stubbing patterns and stubbing intensities. According to the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with different degrees of decline, corresponding stubbing intensities and stubbing patterns are carried out, and the stubbing patterns are diversified, the stubbing intensity is appropriate, and the stubbing width is appropriate, which is conducive to the subsequent good growth of Haloxylon ammodendron, and the near-natural restoration and reconstruction of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests can be achieved. According to the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with different degrees of decline, for severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum can make good use of the soil moisture carrying capacity to carry the forest stand density after replanting and reconstruction, and select dominant tree species.

[0077] The method of the embodiment of the present application is mainly used to improve the restoration of degraded Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests, enhance the ecological benefits of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests, and provide technical support for accurate restoration of forest health. It provides a basis for improving the afforestation method of Haloxylon ammodendron plantations, can supplement forest management technology, and can also promote the vigorous development of the Haloxylon ammodendron-Cistanche deserticola industry.

[0078] In order to make the above implementation details and operations of the present application clearly understood by those skilled in the art, and to significantly demonstrate the progressiveness of the near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest in the embodiment of the present application, the above technical scheme is illustrated by means of multiple embodiments below.

[0079] Embodiment 1

[0080] Two test plots with an area of ​​100m×75m and 70m×75m were divided in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest. From November of the current winter to March of the following spring, the first pruning mode (only simulating the first year) was used to conduct pruning rejuvenation experiments with pruning intensities of 16% and 25%, respectively. Haloxylon ammodendron that had not been pruned and Haloxylon ammodendron that had been pruned were selected as the test objects. The same management and maintenance measures were adopted, and the shoot growth and crown growth of the pruned Haloxylon ammodendron trees and retained trees were measured 3 months after pruning. According to the pruning intensity, the shoot growth and crown growth of the pruned Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests (pruned trees + retained trees) at each pruning intensity were calculated. After analyzing and processing the test results, the following table shows the results. Fig.14 ~ and Fig.15 shown.

[0081] Fig.14 This is a comparison chart of the new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest treated with different stubble intensities and without stubble treatment provided in Example 1 of the present application, Fig.14 The middle left picture shows the growth of new shoots of individual Haloxylon ammodendron in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest with different stubble intensities and without stubble treatment. Fig.14 The middle right picture shows the crown growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron with different pruning intensities and without pruning in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. Fig.14 In the figure, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that the growth of new shoots and the growth of crown width of individuals in Haloxylon ammodendron under different stubble intensities in the mildly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were significantly different at the P<0.05 level.

[0082] Depend on Fig.14 The left figure shows that in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the growth of new shoots of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals in the 16% stubble intensity treatment was higher than that in the 25% stubble intensity treatment, and was significantly higher than that in the non-stubble treatment (CK). Fig.14 As can be seen from the right figure, the individual crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under the 16% stubble intensity treatment was higher than that under the 25% stubble intensity treatment, and was significantly higher than that under the no stubble treatment (CK).

[0083] Fig.15 This is a comparison chart of the new shoot growth and crown width growth of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest treated with different stubble intensities and the Haloxylon ammodendron forest without stubble treatment in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in Example 1 of the present application, Fig.15The middle left picture shows the growth of new shoots in a Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest with different stubble intensities and without stubble treatment. Fig.15 The middle right picture shows the canopy growth of Haloxylon ammodendron with different stubble intensities and without stubble in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. Fig.15 In the figure, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that the growth of new shoots and the growth of crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under different stubble intensities in the mildly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were significantly different at the P<0.05 level.

[0084] Depend on Fig.15 The left figure shows that in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the growth of new shoots in the Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the 16% stubble intensity treatment was higher than that under the 25% stubble intensity treatment, and was significantly higher than that under the no stubble treatment (CK). Fig.15 As shown in the figure on the right, the canopy growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under the 16% stubble intensity treatment was higher than that under the 25% stubble intensity treatment, and was significantly higher than that under the no stubble treatment (CK).

[0085] In order to clarify the optimal stubble intensity in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increments of new shoot growth and crown growth of stubbed Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests between different stubble intensity treatments and no stubble treatment in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were compared (Tables 1 and 2).

[0086] Table 1 The increment of new shoots and crown width of individuals in Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests under different pruning intensities

[0087] Stubble strength / % New shoot growth increment / % Increase in crown width growth / % 16% stubble strength 168.58±17.91a 50.47±10.47a 25% stubble strength 154.49±13.63a 48.46±6.81a

[0088] In Table 1, lowercase letter a indicates that there is no significant difference in the increment of new shoot growth and crown growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron under different stubble intensities in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest at the P<0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean±standard error (Mean±SE).

[0089] As can be seen from Table 1, in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increments of individual new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under the 16% stubble intensity treatment were higher than those under the 25% stubble intensity treatment.

[0090] Table 2 Growth increment of new shoots and canopy width of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest under different pruning intensities in slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest

[0091] Stubble strength / % New shoot growth increment / % Increase in crown width growth / % 16% stubble strength 17.97±1.49a 6.25±0.91a 25% stubble strength 14.95±1.71b 4.45±1.03b

[0092] In Table 2, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that the increments of new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different stubble intensities in the mildly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were significantly different at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0093] As can be seen from Table 2, in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increments of new shoot growth and crown width growth under the 16% stubble intensity treatment were significantly higher than those under the 25% stubble intensity treatment.

[0094] In order to further clarify the optimal stubble intensity in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the reduction in the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under different stubble intensities and no stubble treatment in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest was compared (Table 3).

[0095] Table 3 Reduction of decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest under different stubble intensities in slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron

[0096] Stubble strength / % Decrease in recession index / % 16% stubble strength 26.26±25.46a 25% stubble strength 7.41±12.73a

[0097] In Table 3, lowercase letter a indicates that there is no significant difference in the reduction of decline index among Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different stubble intensities in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest at the P<0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean±standard error (Mean±SE).

[0098] According to the decline evaluation index system of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, the decline degree increases with the increase of decline index. As can be seen from Table 3, the decline index reduction of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under 16% stubble intensity treatment is higher than that under 25% stubble intensity.

[0099] In summary, the increases in the growth of new shoots and crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests and the reduction in the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under the 16% stubble intensity treatment in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests were higher than those under the 25% stubble intensity treatment. Therefore, the most suitable stubble intensity in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests should be 16%.

[0100] Embodiment 2

[0101] Fig.16 This is a comparison chart of the new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest treated with different stubble intensities and without stubble treatment, provided in Example 2 of the present application. Fig.16 The middle left picture shows the growth of new shoots of individual Haloxylon ammodendron in moderately declining windbreak and sand-fixing forests with different stubble intensities and without stubble treatment. Fig.16 The middle right picture shows the crown growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron with different pruning intensities and without pruning in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. Fig.16 In the figure, different lowercase letters a, b, c indicate significant differences in the growth of new shoots and crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals under different stubble intensities in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest at the P<0.05 level.

[0102] Depend on Fig.16The left figure shows that in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, the growth of new shoots of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals under the 25% stubble intensity treatment was significantly higher than that under the 16% stubble intensity treatment and the no stubble treatment (CK). Fig.16 As can be seen from the right figure, the individual crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under the 25% stubble intensity treatment was higher than that under the 16% stubble intensity treatment, and was significantly higher than that under the no stubble treatment (CK).

[0103] Fig.17 This is a comparison chart of the new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with different stubble intensities and those without stubble in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest provided in Example 2 of the present application, Fig.17 The middle left picture shows the growth of new shoots in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest with different stubble intensities and a Haloxylon ammodendron forest without stubble treatment. Fig.17 The middle right picture shows the canopy growth of Haloxylon ammodendron with different pruning intensities and without pruning in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. Fig.17 In the figure, different lowercase letters a, b, c indicate significant differences in the growth of new shoots and crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different stubble intensities at the P<0.05 level.

[0104] Depend on Fig.17 The left figure shows that in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the growth of new shoots in the Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the 25% stubble intensity treatment was significantly higher than that in the 16% stubble intensity treatment and the non-stubble treatment (CK). Fig.17 As can be seen from the figure on the right, the canopy growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under the 25% stubble intensity treatment was significantly higher than that under the 16% stubble intensity treatment and the no stubble treatment (CK).

[0105] In order to clarify the optimal stubble intensity in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increments of new shoot growth and crown growth of stubbed Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests between different stubble intensity treatments and no stubble treatment in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were compared (Tables 4 to 5).

[0106] Table 4 The increment of new shoots and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals at different pruning intensities in moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests

[0107] Stubble strength / % New shoot growth increment / % Increase in crown width growth / % 16% stubble strength 174.35±18.95b 58.14±10.46a 25% stubble strength 207.30±14.64a 69.15±17.10a

[0108] In Table 4, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that the increments of new shoot growth and crown width growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron under different stubble intensities in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were significantly different at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0109] As can be seen from Table 4, in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increment of individual new shoot growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under the 25% stubble intensity treatment was significantly higher than that under the 16% stubble intensity treatment; the increment of individual crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under the 25% stubble intensity treatment was higher than that under the 16% stubble intensity treatment.

[0110] Table 5 The growth increment of new shoots and canopy width of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest under different pruning intensities in moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest

[0111] Stubble strength / % New shoot growth increment / % Increase in crown width growth / % 16% stubble strength 11.34±1.85b 3.01±1.06b 25% stubble strength 28.92±1.42a 9.71±2.73a

[0112] In Table 5, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that the increments of new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under different stubble intensities in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were significantly different at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0113] As can be seen from Table 5, in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increments of new shoot growth and crown width growth under the 25% stubble intensity treatment were significantly higher than those under the 16% stubble intensity treatment.

[0114] In order to further clarify the optimal stubble intensity in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the reduction in the decline index of the Haloxylon ammodendron forest under different stubble intensities and no stubble treatment in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest was compared (Table 6).

[0115] Table 6 Reduction of decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest under different stubble intensities in moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron

[0116] Stubble strength / % Decrease in recession index / % 16% stubble strength 133.33±0.00b 25% stubble strength 300.00±11.06a

[0117] In Table 6, different lowercase letters a and b indicate significant differences in the reduction of the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under different stubble intensities in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0118] According to the decline evaluation index system of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, the decline degree increases with the increase of decline index. As can be seen from Table 6, the reduction of Haloxylon ammodendron forest decline index under 25% stubble intensity treatment is significantly higher than that under 16% stubble intensity.

[0119] In summary, the increases in the growth of new shoots and crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests, as well as the reduction in the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under the 25% stubble intensity treatment in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were higher than those under the 16% stubble intensity treatment. Therefore, the most suitable stubble intensity in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest should be 25%.

[0120] The size of the compensatory growth ability after the above-ground part of the plant is damaged is related to the degree of damage. For Example 1 and Example 2, the stubble plants show a higher compensatory growth ability and a typical acquisition strategy in the early stage of recovery growth. The stubble plants will allocate more biomass and resources to the growth of above-ground tissues such as branches and leaves, so the height growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron will be significantly improved after stubble, and the growth of clumps will be promoted, the number of branches will be increased, and the length of new branches and the growth of new branches will also be improved. On the other hand, the improvement of the stubble intensity of Haloxylon ammodendron will reduce the consumption of water by old branches on the ground, and the water per unit area used for sprouting new branches will increase, which promotes the growth and development of new branches. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, as the decline degree of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest increases, the stubble intensity will also increase accordingly. Implementing the stubble rejuvenation technology for Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest can reduce the transpiration water consumption of Haloxylon ammodendron on the one hand, alleviate the excessive consumption of forest water, and on the other hand, it can also promote the recovery of growth of Haloxylon ammodendron and enhance the ability of Haloxylon ammodendron to prevent wind and fix sand.

[0121] Embodiment 3

[0122] For the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, stubble mode A, stubble mode B and stubble mode C (simulating only the first year) were used to rejuvenate the forest with a stubble intensity of 16% from November of the current year to March of the next year to obtain the optimal stubble mode. Figure 5 shown.

[0123] Stubble mode A: Each planting strip contains two rows of planting, and the third planting strip in every three consecutive planting strips is determined as a stubble strip, and the odd-numbered rows of Haloxylon ammodendron in the stubble strip are stubbled according to the predetermined stubble height. That is, every four rows of planting, two rows of planting are stubbled (a stubble strip), and every other row in the stubble strip is stubbled.

[0124] Stubble mode B: Each planting belt contains two rows of planting. The third planting belt in every three consecutive planting belts is determined as a stubble belt, and the entire row of Haloxylon ammodendron on the right side of the stubble belt is stubbed according to the predetermined stubble height. That is, every five rows of planting, one row of planting is stubbled.

[0125] Stubble mode C: Each planting strip contains two rows of planting. The third planting strip in every three consecutive planting strips is determined as a stubble strip. The Haloxylon ammodendron on the left side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the right side of the even-numbered rows of the stubble strip are stubbed according to the predetermined stubble height. That is, every four rows of planting, two rows of planting are stubbled (the stubble strip), and the stubble strip is staggered in a "Z" shape with every other row and every other plant.

[0126] Each model has 3 test areas, and two replicates and one blank control group are set up. Each treatment area is 30m×15m, that is, 4 rows and 6 columns of Haloxylon ammodendron, and each control group is about 5m apart. Haloxylon ammodendron that has not been pruned and Haloxylon ammodendron that has been pruned were selected as the test objects. The same management and maintenance measures were adopted to measure the new shoot growth and crown growth of Haloxylon ammodendron pruning wood and retained wood 3 months after pruning, and the new shoot growth and crown growth of pruning Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests (pruning wood + retained wood) under each pruning intensity were calculated based on the pruning intensity. The test results were analyzed and processed as follows Figure 18-19 shown.

[0127] Fig.18 This is a comparison chart of the new shoot growth and canopy growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron in each stubble pattern and the unstubbled Haloxylon ammodendron in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 3 of the present application. Fig.18 The left picture shows the growth of new shoots of individual Haloxylon ammodendron in a mildly declining windbreak and sand-fixing forest with 16% stubble intensity and that without stubble treatment. Fig.18 The middle right picture shows the crown growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron with 16% stubble intensity and without stubble treatment in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest.

[0128] Fig.18 In the figure, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that there are significant differences in the growth of new shoots and crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals under the 16% stubble pattern at the P<0.05 level.

[0129] By the above Fig.18 It can be seen that in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the individual shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron under the stubble pattern C treatment at 16% stubble intensity were higher than those under the stubble pattern A and stubble pattern B, and were significantly higher than the non-stubble treatment (CK).

[0130] Fig.19 This is a comparison chart of the new shoot growth and crown width growth of each stubble pattern and the unstubbled Haloxylon ammodendron forest in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 3 of the present application, Fig.19 The left picture shows the growth of new shoots in the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest with 16% stubble intensity and the Haloxylon ammodendron forest without stubble treatment. Fig.19 The middle right picture shows the canopy growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest with 16% stubble intensity and that without stubble treatment in a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest.

[0131] Fig.19 In the figure, different lowercase letters a, b, ab indicate that the growth of new shoots and the growth of crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under 16% stubble pattern were significantly different at P<0.05 level.

[0132] By the above Fig.19It can be seen that in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the new shoot growth and crown width growth of the Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the stubble pattern C treatment at 16% stubble intensity were higher than those under the stubble pattern A and stubble pattern B, and were significantly higher than the non-stubble treatment (CK).

[0133] In order to clarify the optimal stubble pattern under 16% stubble intensity, the increments of new shoot growth and crown width growth of stubbed Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests were compared between different stubble pattern treatments and no stubble treatment under 16% stubble intensity (Tables 7 and 8).

[0134] Table 7 The increment of new shoot and crown growth of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals in different stubble patterns under 16% stubble intensity

[0135] Stubble mode New shoot growth increment / % Increase in crown width growth / % Stubble Mode A 164.96±7.91a 43.31±14.15a Stubble mode B 158.25±14.49a 42.32±27.73a Stubble mode C 185.85±3.40a 60.87±7.92a

[0136] In Table 7, lowercase letter a indicates that there is no significant difference in the increment of new shoot growth and crown width growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron in different stubble patterns under 16% stubble intensity at P<0.05 level; values ​​are expressed as mean±standard error (Mean±SE).

[0137] From Table 7, it can be seen that in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest under 16% stubble intensity, the increments of individual new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron treated with stubble pattern C were higher than those of stubble pattern A and stubble pattern B.

[0138] Table 8 The increment of new shoot and canopy growth in Haloxylon ammodendron forest under different stubble patterns at 16% stubble intensity

[0139] Stubble mode New shoot growth increment / % Increase in crown width growth / % Stubble Mode A 17.66±0.85a 3.50±3.21ab Stubble mode B 17.12±1.79a 2.91±3.21b Stubble mode C 19.33±0.75a 5.12±4.47a

[0140] In Table 8, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that the increments of new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different stubble patterns at 16% stubble intensity were significantly different at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0141] It can be seen from Table 8 that under the 16% stubble intensity of the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, the increment of new shoot growth of the Haloxylon ammodendron forest treated with stubble pattern C was higher than that of stubble pattern A and stubble pattern B; the increment of canopy growth of the Haloxylon ammodendron forest treated with stubble pattern C was higher than that of stubble pattern A, and significantly higher than that of stubble pattern B.

[0142] In order to further clarify the optimal stubble pattern of the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest under 16% stubble intensity, the reduction in the decline index of the Haloxylon ammodendron forest between different stubble pattern treatments and no stubble treatment under 16% stubble intensity was compared (Table 9).

[0143] Table 9 Reduction of decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forest in different stubble patterns at 16% stubble intensity

[0144] Stubble mode Decrease in recession index / % Stubble Mode A 22.22±19.94a Stubble mode B 0.00±0.00a Stubble mode C 55.56±38.88a

[0145] In Table 9, lowercase letter a indicates that the difference in the reduction of decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forests in different stubble patterns under 16% stubble intensity was not significant at P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0146] It can be seen from Table 9 that the reduction in the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the stubble pattern C treatment was greater than that under the stubble pattern A and stubble pattern B.

[0147] In summary, under the 16% stubble intensity in the slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increases in the new shoot growth and crown growth of the stubbled Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests and the reduction in the decline index of the Haloxylon ammodendron forests under the stubble pattern C treatment are higher than those under the stubble pattern A and stubble pattern B. Therefore, the most suitable stubble pattern at 16% stubble intensity should be stubble pattern C, that is, the first stubble pattern in the embodiment of the present application.

[0148] Embodiment 4

[0149] For moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, stubble rejuvenation with a stubble intensity of 25% was carried out from November of the current winter to March of the next spring through stubble mode D, stubble mode E and stubble mode F (simulating only the first year) to obtain the optimal stubble mode. Figure 6 shown.

[0150] Stubble mode D: Each planting strip contains two rows of planting, and the second planting strip of every two consecutive planting strips is determined as a stubble strip, and the odd-numbered rows of Haloxylon ammodendron in the stubble strip are stubbled according to the predetermined stubble height. That is, every other row of planting is stubbled (a stubble strip), and every other row in the stubble strip is stubbled.

[0151] Stubble mode E: Each planting belt contains two rows of planting. The second planting belt in every two consecutive planting belts is determined as a stubble belt, and the entire row of Haloxylon ammodendron on the right side of the stubble belt is stubbled according to the predetermined stubble height. That is, every three rows of planting, one row of planting is stubbled.

[0152] Stubble mode F: Each planting strip includes two rows of planting, and the second planting strip of every two consecutive planting strips is determined as a stubble strip. The Haloxylon ammodendron on the left side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the right side of the even-numbered rows of the stubble strip are stubbed according to the predetermined stubble height. That is, every other two rows of planting are stubbed (the stubble strip), and the stubble strip is staggered in a "Z" shape with every other row and every other plant.

[0153] Each model has 3 test areas, and two replicates and one blank control group are set up. Each treatment area is 20m×15m, that is, 4 rows and 4 columns of Haloxylon ammodendron, and each control group is about 5m apart. Haloxylon ammodendron that has not been pruned and Haloxylon ammodendron that has been pruned were selected as the test objects. The same management and maintenance measures were adopted to measure the new shoot growth and crown growth of Haloxylon ammodendron pruning wood and retained wood 3 months after pruning, and the new shoot growth and crown growth of pruning Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests (pruning wood + retained wood) under each pruning intensity were calculated based on the pruning intensity. The test results were analyzed and processed as follows Figure 20-21 shown.

[0154] Fig. 20 This is a comparison chart of the new shoot growth and canopy growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron in each stubble pattern and unstubbled Haloxylon ammodendron in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 4 of the present application. Fig. 20 The left picture shows the growth of new shoots of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest with 25% stubble intensity and without stubble treatment. Fig. 20 The middle right picture shows the crown growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron with 25% stubble intensity and without stubble treatment in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest.

[0155] Fig. 20 In the figure, different lowercase letters a, b, c, ab indicate that the growth of new shoots and the growth of crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals under different stubble patterns at 25% stubble intensity were significantly different at the P<0.05 level.

[0156] By the above Fig. 20 It can be seen that in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the new shoot growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron treated with stubble pattern F at 25% stubble intensity was higher than that with stubble pattern D, and significantly higher than that with no stubble treatment (CK) and stubble pattern E; the crown width growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron treated with stubble pattern F at 25% stubble intensity was higher than that with stubble pattern D and stubble pattern E, and significantly higher than that with no stubble treatment (CK).

[0157] Fig.21 This is a comparison chart of the new shoot growth and canopy growth of each stubble pattern and the unstubbled Haloxylon ammodendron forest in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest provided in Example 4 of the present application, Fig.21 The left picture shows the growth of new shoots in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest with 25% stubble intensity and the Haloxylon ammodendron forest without stubble treatment. Fig.21 The middle right picture shows the canopy growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest with 25% stubble intensity and that without stubble treatment in a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. Fig.21 In the figure, different lowercase letters a and b indicate significant differences in the growth of new shoots and crown width of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different stubble patterns at 25% stubble intensity at the P<0.05 level.

[0158] By the above Fig.21 It can be seen that in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the new shoot growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the stubble pattern F treatment at 25% stubble intensity was higher than that of stubble pattern D and stubble pattern E, and significantly higher than that of the non-stubble treatment (CK); the crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the stubble pattern F treatment at 25% stubble intensity was higher than that of stubble pattern D and stubble pattern E, and significantly higher than that of the non-stubble treatment (CK).

[0159] In order to clarify the optimal stubble pattern under 25% stubble intensity, the increments of new shoot growth and crown growth of stubbed Haloxylon ammodendron individuals and Haloxylon ammodendron forests were compared between different stubble pattern treatments and no stubble treatment under 25% stubble intensity (Tables 10 and 11).

[0160] Table 10 The increment of new shoots and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron individuals in different stubble patterns under 25% stubble intensity

[0161] Stubble mode New shoot growth increment / % Increase in crown width growth / % Stubble mode D 206.69±3.11ab 68.15±19.94a Stubble Mode E 192.66±6.91b 64.82±13.45a Stubble Mode F 235.92±6.91a 80.73±41.41a

[0162] In Table 10, different lowercase letters a and b indicate significant differences in the growth of new shoots and crown width of individual Haloxylon ammodendron in different stubble patterns at 25% stubble intensity at the P < 0.05 level; values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0163] It can be seen from Table 10 that the increment of new shoot growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron treated with stubble pattern F under 25% stubble intensity is higher than that with stubble pattern D, and significantly higher than that with stubble pattern E; the increment of crown growth of individual Haloxylon ammodendron treated with stubble pattern F is higher than that with stubble pattern D and stubble pattern E.

[0164] Table 11 The increment of new shoot and canopy growth in Haloxylon ammodendron forest under different stubble patterns at 25% stubble intensity

[0165] Stubble mode New shoot growth increment / % Increase in crown width growth / % Stubble mode D 28.63±0.68ab 9.49±2.45a Stubble Mode E 26.87±1.46b 9.07±1.74a Stubble Mode F 31.37±1.55a 11.06±5.04a

[0166] In Table 11, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that the increments of new shoot growth and crown width growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different stubble patterns at 25% stubble intensity are significantly different at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0167] It can be seen from Table 11 that the increment of new shoot growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under stubble pattern F at 25% stubble intensity is higher than that of stubble pattern D, and significantly higher than that of stubble pattern E; the increment of canopy growth of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under stubble pattern F is higher than that of stubble pattern D and stubble pattern E.

[0168] In order to further clarify the optimal stubble pattern under 25% stubble intensity, the reduction in the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different stubble pattern treatments and no stubble treatment under 25% stubble intensity was compared (Table 12).

[0169] Table 12 Reduction of decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forest in different stubble patterns at 25% stubble intensity

[0170] Stubble mode Decrease in recession index / % Stubble mode D 266.67±66.67a Stubble Mode E 266.67±28.86a Stubble Mode F 366.67±115.47a

[0171] In Table 12, lowercase letter a indicates that there is no significant difference in the reduction of the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forests in different stubble patterns under 25% stubble intensity at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0172] It can be seen from Table 12 that the reduction in the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the stubble pattern F treatment is greater than that under the stubble pattern D and stubble pattern E.

[0173] In summary, under the 25% stubble intensity in the moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the growth of new shoots, the increase in crown growth, and the reduction in the decline index of the Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the stubble pattern F treatment are higher than those of the stubble pattern D and stubble pattern E. Therefore, the optimal stubble pattern under the stubble intensity of 25% should be the stubble pattern F, that is, the second stubble pattern in the embodiment of the present application.

[0174] For Example 3 and Example 4, the stubble mode C and stubble mode F are the optimal stubble modes under two stubble intensities because the forest stand structure configuration under the stubble mode C and stubble mode F is closer to the "character configuration". The "character configuration" helps to form a complex airflow flow channel, increases the consumption of airflow energy, and makes the airflow more evenly distributed in the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. This configuration can reduce wind speed, reduce wind damage, and provide a more stable environment for the growth of Haloxylon ammodendron. And the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest of the "character configuration" can play a certain shielding role, reduce the area of ​​direct sunlight on the ground, thereby reducing the surface temperature and reducing the evaporation of soil moisture. At the same time, because the airflow is more evenly distributed in the Haloxylon ammodendron forest, it helps to form a weak updraft, increase soil moisture, and provide more favorable moisture conditions for the growth of Haloxylon ammodendron. The "character configuration" can also improve the soil environment of the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, improve the fertility and air permeability of the soil, which will help the Haloxylon ammodendron root system to better absorb nutrients and moisture in the soil, thereby promoting the growth and development of Haloxylon ammodendron. Therefore, under different stubble intensities, stubble pattern C and stubble pattern F, which are close to the "T-shaped configuration", are the optimal stubble patterns in Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests.

[0175] Embodiment 5

[0176] The optimal ratio of mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum was tested in severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests. Based on the soil moisture carrying capacity and forest species composition, three mixed replanting patterns of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum A, B and C were designed. Figure 7 shown.

[0177] Replanting mode A:

[0178] Haloxylon ammodendron: Nitraria tangutorum=1:1

[0179] The first Haloxylon ammodendron in the first row of every three existing Haloxylon ammodendrons is the target tree, and the A-cycle replanting process is implemented based on the target tree. The A-cycle replanting process is to replant one Haloxylon ammodendron hole every 2 holes in the longitudinal direction, until 2 holes of Haloxylon ammodendron are replanted, and then replant one Nitraria sibiricum hole every 2 holes, until 2 holes of Nitraria sibiricum are replanted.

[0180] Replanting mode B:

[0181] Haloxylon ammodendron: Nitraria tangutorum=2:1

[0182] The first Haloxylon ammodendron in the first row of every three existing Haloxylon ammodendrons is the target tree, and the B cycle replanting process is implemented based on the target tree. The B cycle replanting process is to replant one Haloxylon ammodendron hole every 2 holes in the longitudinal direction until 4 holes of Haloxylon ammodendron are replanted, and then replant one Nitraria sibiricum hole every 2 holes until 2 holes of Nitraria sibiricum are replanted.

[0183] Replanting mode C:

[0184] Haloxylon ammodendron: Nitraria tangutorum=3:1

[0185] The first Haloxylon ammodendron tree in the first row of every three existing Haloxylon ammodendrons is the target tree, and the C cycle replanting process is implemented based on the target tree. The C cycle replanting process is to replant one Haloxylon ammodendron hole every 2 holes in the longitudinal direction, until 6 holes of Haloxylon ammodendron are replanted, and then replant one Nitraria sibiricum hole every 2 holes, until 2 holes of Nitraria sibiricum are replanted. (That is, the replanting mode of the method of the embodiment of the present application).

[0186] Each treatment area is 18m×72m, that is, 8 holes are planted, with a total of 2 rows. Two groups of replicates and one group of blank controls are set up respectively. Haloxylon ammodendron that has not been replanted and Haloxylon ammodendron that has been replanted are selected as the test objects. Both are supplemented with the same management and protection measures. The vegetation coverage and stand density of the stand are measured 3 months after replanting. The test results are analyzed and processed as follows Fig. 22 As shown:

[0187] Fig. 22 This is a comparison chart of vegetation coverage and density of different replanting modes in a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest and a Haloxylon ammodendron forest without replanting provided in Example 5 of the present application. Fig. 22 The left picture shows the vegetation coverage under different replanting modes in a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest. Fig. 22 The picture on the right shows the density under different replanting patterns in a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest.

[0188] Fig. 22 In the figure, different lowercase letters a and b indicate that the vegetation coverage and density of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different replanting patterns in the severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were significantly different at the P<0.05 level.

[0189] Depend on Fig. 22 It can be seen that in the severely declined Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the vegetation coverage of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under replanting pattern C was higher than that under replanting pattern B, and significantly higher than that under replanting pattern A and no replanting (CK); the density of Haloxylon ammodendron forest under replanting pattern C was higher than that under replanting pattern A and replanting pattern B, and significantly higher than that under no replanting.

[0190] In order to clarify the optimal replanting pattern of severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increments of vegetation coverage and density of Haloxylon ammodendron forests with different replanting patterns and those without replanting were compared in severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests (Table 13).

[0191] Table 13 Vegetation coverage and density increment of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest under different replanting patterns in severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest

[0192] Replanting mode Vegetation coverage increment / % Density increase / % Replanting Mode A 0.09±0.01c 238.46±11.92b Replanting Mode B 5.50±0.28b 207.69±10.38c Replanting Mode C 6.34±0.32a 323.08±16.15a

[0193] In Table 13, different lowercase letters a, b, and c indicate that the increments of vegetation coverage and density of Haloxylon ammodendron forests under different replanting patterns in severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests were significantly different at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0194] It can be seen from Table 13 that in the severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, the increments of Haloxylon ammodendron vegetation coverage and density under replanting pattern C were significantly higher than those under replanting pattern A and replanting pattern B.

[0195] Judging from the increment of vegetation coverage and density of Haloxylon ammodendron forests with different replanting patterns and those without replanting, replanting pattern C is the optimal replanting pattern in the severely declined Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest. We will continue to compare the reduction of Haloxylon ammodendron forest decline index between different replanting patterns and those without replanting in the severely declined Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest (Table 14) to enhance the accuracy of the existing results by comparing the results.

[0196] Table 14 Reduction in the decline index of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest under different replanting patterns in severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest

[0197]

[0198]

[0199] In Table 14, lowercase letter a indicates that there is no significant difference in the reduction of Haloxylon ammodendron forest decline index under different replanting patterns in severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests at the P < 0.05 level; the values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE).

[0200] It can be seen from Table 14 that the reduction in the decline index of the Haloxylon ammodendron forest under the replanting pattern C treatment is greater than that under the replanting pattern A and replanting pattern B.

[0201] In summary, the increment of vegetation coverage and density of Haloxylon ammodendron forest and the reduction of decline index under replanting pattern C in the severely declined Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest were higher than those under replanting pattern A and replanting pattern B. Therefore, the most suitable mixed replanting pattern of Haloxylon ammodendron + Nitraria tangutorum in the severely declined Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest should be replanting pattern C, that is, the number of Haloxylon ammodendron: the number of Nitraria tangutorum = 3:1.

[0202] In the severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, due to human disturbance such as grazing in the forest land, the initial planting density exceeds the soil moisture carrying capacity of the forest land vegetation, resulting in large-scale plant death in the Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, sparse existing Haloxylon ammodendron, destroyed forest stand structure, and significantly reduced the ecological function of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest. Therefore, the present application embodiment selects Nitraria tangutorum, a dominant companion species in the natural Haloxylon ammodendron forest, for mixed planting.

[0203] In the replanting experiment of severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forest, the replanting effect of replanting mode C was better than other modes because: first, the replanting ratio of replanting mode C was closer to the ratio of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in natural Haloxylon ammodendron forest. The spatial distribution of Haloxylon ammodendron population and Nitraria tangutorum population generally showed obvious mosaicism, and the optimal distribution ratio of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum was 3:1.

[0204] Secondly, for severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, water balance can be achieved when the density of Haloxylon ammodendron is 125 plants / hectare and the rainfall is greater than 140 mm. The plant density in the forest under the three replanting modes is 123 plants / hectare, and the average annual rainfall in the experimental area is 212.3 mm. Therefore, the plant density under the three replanting modes is within the soil moisture carrying capacity of the forest. However, under the mixed proportion of replanting mode C, the spatial distribution of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is closer to the spatial distribution of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in natural Haloxylon ammodendron forests. The spatial distribution of Nitraria tangutorum populations is mainly centered on the mother plant. In the mixed forest of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum, Nitraria tangutorum will form relatively independent communities or patches, which are interlaced and mosaic with Haloxylon ammodendron communities.

[0205] Therefore, under the mixed planting ratio of replanting pattern C, the spatial distribution of the forest stands formed after the mixed planting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is closer to the spatial distribution characteristics of the two in the natural Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum mixed forest, thereby weakening the interspecific competition between Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in a small scale, which is conducive to the growth and development of replanted seedlings. Therefore, under the same management and protection measures, the plant growth condition of mixed planting pattern C will be better than that of replanting pattern A and replanting pattern B.

[0206] The embodiments of the present application are based on the soil moisture carrying capacity of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, and refer to the spatial structure and species composition of the natural Haloxylon ammodendron forest to develop a new stubble rejuvenation method and a mixed replanting method for Nitraria tangutorum. The research mainly focuses on the selection of stubble intensity, stubble mode, stubble time, stubble height, selection of mixed replanting ratio of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum in Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, and disease and pest control, so as to achieve precise restoration, enhance the ecological benefits of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, improve the water deficit of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest land, promote the sustainable development of Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing its windbreak and sand-fixing ecological function.

[0207] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0208] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A near-natural restoration and reconstruction method for declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand fixation forests, characterized in that: include: The Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests with strip planting specifications are divided into slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests, moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests and severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forests according to different forest stand structures. When the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest is a slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest, the first stubbing mode is cycled in the first period for stubbing rejuvenation with a stubbing intensity of 16%; when the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest is a moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest, the second stubbing mode is cycled in the first period for stubbing rejuvenation with a stubbing intensity of 25%; when the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest is a severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing sand-fixing forest, mixed replanting of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is performed in the second period.

2. The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest with row-belt planting specifications is divided into slightly declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest, moderately declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest and severely declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to different forest stand structures, including: The Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forests with row-belt planting specifications of the same age, with a stand density of 280 trees / hectare to 400 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of 48% to 68%, and a tree height of 130 cm to 160 cm, are classified as the slightly declined Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forest; the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forests with a stand density of 220 trees / hectare to 280 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of 68% to 72%, and a tree height of 110 cm to 130 cm are classified as the moderately declined Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forest; the Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forests with a stand density of less than 220 trees / hectare, a mortality rate of more than 72%, and a tree height of less than 110 cm are classified as the severely declined Haloxylon ammodendron wind-fixing and sand-fixing forest.

3. The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first period is from November in the current winter to March in the next spring.

4. The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The first cropping mode is: each planting belt contains two columns of planting rows, and every three consecutive planting belts form a group; in the first year, arbitrarily select one planting belt from each group as the first cropping belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the first cropping belt are cropped at a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not cropped is the first reserved wood; in the fourth year, select any one of the remaining two planting belts in each group as the second cropping belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the second cropping belt are cropped at the predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not cropped is the second reserved wood In the seventh year, the remaining planting belt in each group is the third pruning belt, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the third pruning belt are pruned according to the predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not pruned at the predetermined stubble height is the third reserved wood; in the tenth year, the first reserved wood in the first pruning belt is pruned according to the predetermined stubble height; in the thirteenth year, the second reserved wood in the second pruning belt is pruned according to the predetermined stubble height; in the sixteenth year, the third reserved wood in the third pruning belt is pruned according to the predetermined stubble height; eighteen years is a pruning cycle; And / or, the second cropping mode is: each planting belt contains two columns of planting rows, and every two consecutive planting belts form a group; in the first year, one planting belt is arbitrarily selected from each group as the cropping belt I, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the cropping belt I are cropped according to a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not cropped is the retained wood I; in the fourth year, the remaining planting belt in each group is the cropping belt II, and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the first side of the odd-numbered rows and the Haloxylon ammodendron on the second side of the even-numbered rows of the cropping belt II are cropped according to a predetermined stubble height, and the Haloxylon ammodendron that is not cropped is the retained wood II; in the seventh year, the retained wood I in the cropping belt I is cropped at a predetermined stubble height; in the tenth year, the retained wood II in the cropping belt II is cropped at a predetermined stubble height; twelve years is a cropping cycle.

5. The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The predetermined stubble height is 50 cm to 60 cm.

6. The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second period is late April every year.

7. The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The mixed planting ratio of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is Haloxylon ammodendron:Nitraria tangutorum = 3:

1.

8. The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The mixed replanting pattern of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum is: the first Haloxylon ammodendron in the first row of every three existing rows is the target tree, and a cyclic replanting process is implemented based on the target tree; the cyclic replanting process is to replant one Haloxylon ammodendron hole every 2 holes longitudinally, until 6 holes of Haloxylon ammodendron are planted, and then replant one Nitraria tangutorum hole every 2 holes, until 2 holes of Nitraria tangutorum are planted.

9. The near-natural restoration and reconstruction method of the declining Haloxylon ammodendron windbreak and sand-fixing forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: Use pesticides to inhibit Haloxylon ammodendron; and / or, use yellow boards or fluorescent lamps to lure and kill adult Haloxylon ammodendron; and / or, use cyantraniliprole suspension, cyromazine and imidacloprid aqueous solution to spray Haloxylon ammodendron branches and leaves; and / or, protect the natural enemies of giant gerbils and their habitats.

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