An oral implant abutment with both gingival healing and immune regulation functions and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention provides an oral implant abutment with both gingival healing-promoting and immunomodulatory effects, along with its preparation method. Belonging to the field of novel oral implant technology, this invention addresses the problem of poor implant-gingival interface sealing. The preparation method includes: Step 1: Processing abutments from pure titanium, followed by cleaning and drying; Step 2: Synthesizing a polydopamine-mediated coating on the surface of the abutment processed in Step 1; Step 3: Constructing a (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating on the surface of the abutment obtained in Step 2; Step 4: Constructing a PSBMA-PEG polymer coating on the surface of the abutment obtained in Step 3; Step 5: Constructing a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating on the surface of the abutment obtained in Step 4. By covalently linking LDP to the functional groups of PSBMA-PEG on the implant abutment surface, a stable PSBMA-PEG-LDP-specific coating is formed, achieving a long-lasting effect of LDP at the implant abutment-gingival interface, thus bringing new hope for effective implant abutment-gingival integration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oral implant technology, specifically relating to an oral implant abutment that combines the functions of promoting gingival healing and immune regulation, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With my country's aging population and increasing public awareness of oral health, the demand for implant-supported tooth restoration to improve quality of life is constantly growing. However, commonly used implant abutments are mechanically smooth, resulting in poor biocompatibility at the abutment-gingival interface, making them susceptible to pathogenic microorganisms and causing peri-implant gingivitis. In recent years, the importance of good gingival healing and immune phenotypes promoting tissue healing around the implant abutment for maintaining long-term implant stability has become increasingly recognized. Surface modification of titanium implant abutments to improve the seal at the abutment-gingival interface has gradually become a hot topic in basic and clinical research. However, existing studies based on altering the surface structure and morphology of implant abutments have not yet achieved ideal restorative results.

[0003] Titanium and titanium alloy implants possess excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, chemical stability, and mechanical strength, and are widely used clinically for tooth restoration and the fabrication of maxillofacial prostheses. However, the long-term survival of implants depends not only on their integration with bone tissue but also on the healing of the surrounding gingival soft tissue. Compared to natural teeth, the gingival tissue around implant abutments lacks vertically running collagen fibers, has fewer blood vessels, and exhibits poor attachment of the gingival junctional epithelium. Consequently, a tight gingival seal cannot be formed, easily leading to gingival inflammation around the implant abutment and resulting in implant surgery failure. Therefore, forming a tight biological seal at the implant abutment-gingival interface is crucial for maintaining the long-term stability of implants. The gingival interface around the implant abutment consists of two regions: epithelium and connective tissue. The attachment of the gingival junctional epithelium to the implant abutment surface is key to gingival seal formation. However, histological studies have revealed a lack of hemidesmosomes (HDs) at the implant abutment-gingival junctional epithelium interface, and the inner basal plate structure in the upper two-thirds of the interface is incomplete. Laminin-5, a subtype of laminin, is an important protein derived from the cell basement membrane and plays a crucial role in promoting the nucleation of hardened dentin (HDs) and maintaining their structural stability. Studies have shown that a deficiency of Laminin-5 is a significant cause of incomplete HD and endothelial lamina structures at the gingival interface around implant abutments.

[0004] With the advancement of implant surface treatment technology, in recent years more and more researchers have been dedicated to using bio-coating modification methods on the implant abutment surface to specially design it in order to promote gingival healing around the implant abutment.

[0005] Laminin-5 was used to prepare a drug-loaded coating on the surface of implant abutments, enabling local release of Laminin-5 at the implant abutment-gingival interface, offering new hope for promoting gingival epithelial closure and effective implant abutment-gingival healing. However, direct modification of implant abutment surfaces with Laminin-5 has drawbacks such as high immunogenicity and easy inactivation of large protein molecules. Further research has revealed that Laminin-5-derived subunits and polypeptide sequences have strong cell adhesion and gingival closure effects, especially the Laminin-5 α3 chain (LAMA3)-derived adhesion peptides (LDPs), which exhibit high stability and low immunogenicity, better meeting clinical application needs. The inventors previously constructed a plasmid / chitosan / type IV collagen sustained-release coating expressing the LDP sequence on the implant abutment surface using gene transfection. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that this coating promotes gingival epithelial cell adhesion and gingival epithelial closure. However, the above coating has weak adhesion to the substrate and is prone to falling off during the planting process; and LDP obtained by expressing the target gene using genetic engineering technology is easily degraded by proteases.

[0006] Polymer molecular brushes are a special type of polymer assembly structure formed by high-density polymer molecular chains, with one end fixed at an interface or surface and the other end free. When the molecular chains are very close together and the density is high enough, due to steric hindrance, most of the free ends extend along the direction perpendicular to the substrate, forming a brush-like structure. Compared with other surface modification methods (such as silanization), polymer molecular brushes can increase the spatial density of different numbers of functional groups on the surface, thereby allowing more biomolecules to connect. By introducing functional polar monomers into its surface for chemical modification, the hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance of the material can be further improved. The connection between molecular brushes and substrate materials mainly includes physical adsorption and covalent grafting. Molecular brushes prepared by physical adsorption are too sensitive to changes in temperature and solvent. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) not only has more relaxed requirements for experimental conditions and can controllably adjust the surface thickness of polymer molecular brushes, but it can also synthesize polymers with functionalized end groups to meet the special application needs of different clinical materials. Therefore, introducing functionalized polymer molecular brushes into the surface design of implantation abutments offers new hope for constructing stable LDP-modified coatings. The main drawback of existing polymer molecular brush technologies is the stringent requirements for experimental conditions, which increases operational complexity and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention utilizes a proteoglycan-like polysulfobetaine methacrylate (PSBMA) polymer molecular brush to adsorb a large number of water molecules, forming a hydrated buffer layer. This provides excellent resistance to external pressure and loads, including compression, shear, and tensile forces. The rich functional group structure of PEG satisfies the requirements for chemical modification, and covalently links LDP to form a stable PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating. This coating is then used for the biomodification of implant abutments, achieving peri-implant gingival healing.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an oral implant abutment that combines the functions of promoting gingival healing and immunomodulation, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Select pure titanium to process into a base, and then clean and dry it;

[0011] Step 2: Synthesize a polydopamine-mediated coating on the substrate surface processed in Step 1;

[0012] Step 3: Construct a (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating on the surface of the abutment obtained in Step 2;

[0013] Step 4: Construct a PSBMA-PEG polymer coating on the surface of the substrate obtained in Step 3;

[0014] Step 5: Construct a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating on the substrate surface obtained in Step 4.

[0015] In some embodiments, step 2 is performed as follows:

[0016] Immerse the pure titanium substrate in a Tris-HCl solution with a pH of 8.5, and shake the reaction solution for 4 hours in a 27°C water bath. After removing it, rinse the surface with plenty of ultrapure water and let it air dry before use.

[0017] In some embodiments, the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the Tris-HCl solution is 2 mg / mL.

[0018] In some embodiments, step 3 is performed as follows:

[0019] The dried substrate with the polydopamine-mediated coating was immersed in a mixture of 50% PBS and ethanol containing (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator. The pH of the 50% PBS solution was 8.5. The reaction solution was shaken in a water bath at 32°C for 12 hours to prepare the (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating. After removal, excess initiator on the surface was rinsed with 75% ethanol and allowed to air dry before use.

[0020] In some embodiments, the concentration of (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator in 50% PBS solution was 2 mg / mL.

[0021] In some embodiments, step 4 is performed as follows:

[0022] Step 401: Prepare the reaction solution;

[0023] Step 402: Immerse the substrate with the (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating into the reaction solution, seal the reaction vessel, and shake the reaction vessel at 50°C for 5 hours.

[0024] Step 403: After the reaction is complete, remove the substrate, rinse it with water, and let it air dry for later use.

[0025] In some embodiments, a PBS solution with a PSBMA monomer concentration of 15 mg / mL, a COOH-PEG-acrylate concentration of 12 mg / mL, an L-ascorbic acid concentration of 2 mg / mL, a copper bromide concentration of 0.0036 mg / mL, and a 2,2'-bipyridine concentration of 0.0152 mg / mL was prepared, with a pH of 7.4.

[0026] In some embodiments, step 5 is performed as follows:

[0027] The PSBMA-PEG coated abutment was immersed in PBS buffer containing activator at pH 7.4 and activated at 50°C for 1 hour. Immediately after activation, the abutment was transferred to a 1 mg / mL LDP solution and reacted with LDP at 37°C for another 6 hours to carry out the grafting reaction. After the reaction, the sample was rinsed with PBS and dried under an argon atmosphere for later use.

[0028] In some embodiments, the activator formulation comprises 0.1 mg / mL of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and 0.1 mg / mL of N-hydroxysuccinimide.

[0029] Secondly, the present invention provides an oral implant abutment that has both gingival healing-promoting and immune-regulating effects, which is prepared using a method for preparing oral implant abutments.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0031] 1. This invention first developed a superhydrophilic molecular brush PSBMA-PEG, which utilizes the functional groups of PSBMA-PEG to covalently link LDP to form a stable PSBMA-PEG-LDP specific coating on the implant abutment surface, thereby achieving the long-lasting effect of LDP at the implant abutment-gingival interface.

[0032] 2. The PSBMA-PEG-LDP specific coating constructed in this invention can promote macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype that suppresses inflammatory responses, thereby achieving immune regulation.

[0033] 3. The PSBMA-PEG-LDP specific coating constructed in this invention promotes the formation of gingival epithelial closure in animals. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 Morphology (SEM image) of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating prepared on the surface of a pure titanium implantation substrate;

[0036] Figure 2 The morphology of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating prepared on the surface of a pure titanium implantation substrate (atomic force microscopy image);

[0037] Figure 3 Morphology of cells on the dental implant abutment surface after preparing a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating on the surface of a pure titanium implant abutment (scanning electron microscopy image);

[0038] Figure 4 Early cell adhesion on the dental implant abutment surface after PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating was prepared on the surface of pure titanium implant abutment (laser confocal microscopy image);

[0039] Figure 5 To investigate the expression of the cell adhesion-related gene LAMA3 after preparing a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating on the surface of a pure titanium implantation substrate;

[0040] Figure 6To investigate the expression of the cell adhesion-related protein Laminin-5α3 after preparing a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating on the surface of a pure titanium implantation substrate;

[0041] Figure 7 To investigate the expression of CD206, a macrophage immune regulation-related gene, after preparing a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating on the surface of a pure titanium implantation substrate;

[0042] Figure 8 The formation of hemidesmosomes in the gingival epithelial cells surrounding the abutment of the dental implant in the maxilla of the animal to be prepared (transmission electron microscopy image). Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Polymer molecular brushes are a special type of polymer assembly structure formed by high-density polymer molecular chains, with one end fixed at an interface or surface and the other end free. When the molecular chains are very close together and the density is high enough, due to steric hindrance, most of the free ends extend along the direction perpendicular to the substrate, forming a brush-like structure. Compared with other surface modification methods (such as silanization), polymer molecular brushes can increase the spatial density of different numbers of functional groups on the surface, thereby allowing for the connection of more biomolecules. By introducing functional polar monomers into its surface for chemical modification, the hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance of the material can be further improved. The connection between molecular brushes and substrate materials mainly includes physical adsorption and covalent grafting. Molecular brushes prepared by physical adsorption are too sensitive to changes in temperature and solvent. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) not only has more relaxed requirements for experimental conditions and can controllably adjust the surface thickness of polymer molecular brushes, but it can also synthesize polymers with functionalized end groups to meet the special application needs of different clinical materials. Therefore, introducing functionalized polymer molecular brushes into the surface design of implantation substrates will bring new hope for the construction of stable LDP-modified coatings.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment specifically provides a method for preparing an oral implant abutment that combines the functions of promoting gingival healing and immune regulation, including the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Select pure titanium to process into a base, and ultrasonically clean it for 15 minutes in sequence with acetone, anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water, and then let it air dry.

[0048] Step 2: Synthesize a surface initiator by utilizing the strong adhesion between dopamine and the titanium substrate. The specific steps are as follows: Immerse the pure titanium substrate in a Tris-HCl solution with a dopamine hydrochloride concentration of 2 mg / mL (pH value of 8.5), shake the reaction solution for 4 hours under a water bath at 27°C, remove it and rinse the surface with a large amount of ultrapure water, and let it air dry before use.

[0049] Step 3: Constructing the (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating: Immerse the dried polydopamine-mediated coating substrate from the previous step in a mixed solvent of 50% PBS (pH 8.5) and ethanol at a (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator concentration of 2 mg / mL. Shake the reaction solution in a 32°C water bath for 12 hours to prepare the (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating. After removal, rinse the surface with 75% ethanol to remove excess initiator, and allow to air dry before use.

[0050] Step 4: Constructing the PSBMA-PEG polymer coating: First, prepare the reaction solution with the following formula: PSBMA monomer concentration of 15 mg / mL, COOH-PEG-acrylate concentration of 12 mg / mL, L-ascorbic acid concentration of 2 mg / mL, copper bromide concentration of 0.0036 mg / mL, and 2,2'-bipyridine concentration of 0.0152 mg / mL in PBS (pH 7.4).

[0051] The (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator-coated substrate was immersed in the reaction solution, the reaction vessel was sealed, and the reaction was carried out at 50°C with shaking for 5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the substrate was removed, rinsed with pure water, and allowed to air dry for later use.

[0052] Step 5: Constructing the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating: Immerse the PSBMA-PEG coating substrate in PBS buffer (pH 7.4) containing activators. The activators are formulated as 0.1 mg / mL of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and 0.1 mg / mL of N-hydroxysuccinimide.

[0053] An activation reaction was carried out at 50°C for 1 hour to ensure effective functionalization of the abutment surface. Immediately after activation, the coated abutment was transferred to a 1 mg / mL LDP solution and reacted with LDP at 37°C for 6 hours to perform the grafting reaction. After the reaction, the sample was rinsed with PBS and dried under an argon atmosphere for later use.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment mainly focuses on the characterization and related functional experiments of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated planting substrate prepared in Example 1.

[0056] (1) The surface morphology of PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation abutments was observed using scanning electron microscopy: PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation abutments were dehydrated using a gradient of 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% ethanol, vacuum dried, and then sputtered with gold; the surface morphology of PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation abutments was observed using scanning electron microscopy. See the results below. Figure 1 A uniformly deposited PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating can be observed on the surface of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated planting substrate, and a small number of polydopamine nanoparticles are visible.

[0057] (2) Surface morphology of PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation abutments was observed using atomic force microscopy: The surface morphology of PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation abutments was observed using atomic force microscopy, and 3D reconstruction images were acquired. Results are shown below. Figure 2 A uniformly deposited PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating can be observed on the surface of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP-coated planting substrate.

[0058] (3) Cell seeding experiment to detect the biocompatibility of PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding substrate:

[0059] (i) Preparation of cell suspension: When human epithelial cells have grown to 80% of the bottom area of ​​the cell culture flask, digest and centrifuge to prepare a cell suspension; (ii) Place the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding platform in a 48-well cell culture plate, and seed 5 × 10⁶ cells per well. 4 (iii) Add cell culture medium and continue culturing in a CO2 incubator for 2 hours. Remove the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding abutments from the 48-well plate and rinse twice with PBS buffer. Fix in 4% paraformaldehyde for 12 hours. (iv) After rinsing twice with PBS buffer, dehydrate the abutments with a gradient of 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% ethanol, then chemically dehydrate with hexamethyldisilazane, vacuum dry, and sputter-coated with gold. Observe the morphology of cells on the abutment surface using scanning electron microscopy. See results below. Figure 3 Under scanning electron microscopy, after 2 hours of culture, the cells on the surface of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation platform showed obvious formation of filamentous pseudopodia, indicating that the implantation platform of the present invention has good cell compatibility.

[0060] (4) Cell adhesion assay to detect the biocompatibility of PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding abutments: PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding abutments were placed in 48-well cell culture plates. Cells were digested and centrifuged, and then subjected to 5×10⁻⁶ mol / L hydrochloric acid. 4Cells were seeded at a density of 1 cell / well onto the implantation abutment and cultured for 4 hours. Cells were washed three times with PBS buffer to remove any unattached cells. Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes, nuclei were stained with DAPI, and the slides were mounted with 50% glycerol. The cells were observed and photographed using a laser confocal microscope. Results are shown below. Figure 4 Under a laser confocal microscope, a large number of adherent and growing cells can be seen, indicating that the implantation platform of the present invention has good cell compatibility.

[0061] (5) RT-qPCR assay to detect the expression level of LAMA3, an adhesion-related gene, in epithelial cells on the surface of PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding plates: PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding plates were placed in 48-well cell culture plates. Cells were digested and centrifuged, and then... 4 Seeds were inoculated onto the surface of the planting platform at a density of [number] cells / well and cultured for 3 days. Total RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed to synthesize cDNAs, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the cDNAs. Results are shown below. Figure 5 Compared to the control group, cells on the surface of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation substrate expressed higher levels of LAMA3, indicating that the implantation substrate of the present invention has the effect of promoting the expression of adhesion-related genes.

[0062] Western blotting was used to detect the expression level of laminin-5α3, an adhesion-related protein, in epithelial cells on the surface of PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding plates. PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding plates were placed in 6-well cell culture plates. Cells were digested, centrifuged, and then subjected to a 5×10⁻⁶ mol / L induction process. 5 Cells were seeded at a density of [number] cells / well on the surface of the implantation abutment and cultured for 3 days. Protein was extracted using cell lysis buffer, and protein concentration was determined by the BCA method. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression level of Laminin-5α3. Results are shown below. Figure 6 Compared to the control group, cells on the surface of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation substrate expressed higher levels of Laminin-5α3, indicating that the implantation substrate of the present invention has the effect of promoting the expression of adhesion-related proteins.

[0063] (7) RT-qPCR assay to detect the expression of CD206, a macrophage immune regulation-related gene, on the surface of cells on a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding plate: The PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated seeding plate was placed in a 48-well cell culture plate. Then macrophages were cultured at a rate of 5 × 10⁶ cells / well. 4 Seeds were inoculated onto the surface of the planting platform at a density of [number] cells / well and cultured for 3 days. Total RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed to synthesize cDNAs, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the cDNAs. Results are shown below. Figure 7Compared to the control group, cells on the surface of the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implantation platform expressed higher levels of CD206, indicating that the implantation platform of the present invention has the effect of promoting macrophage M2 polarization.

[0064] (8) Rat jawbone implantation experiment to detect the formation of hemidesmosomes in gingival epithelial cells around the implant abutment: (i) Animal experiment and tissue collection: After anesthetizing the animals, the oral cavity was disinfected; after extracting the right maxillary first molar, an implant cavity was prepared in the mesial alveolar socket, and a pure titanium implant and a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implant abutment were immediately implanted; after 4 weeks of feeding, tissue was collected, and the gingival tissue around the implant abutment was cut with a sharp blade to form a 2mm sample. 3 (ii) Observation of hemidesmosome formation by transmission electron microscopy: Gingival tissue blocks were resin-embedded, ultrathin sections were prepared and stained, and the formation of hemidesmosomes was observed. Results are shown in […]. Figure 8 Under transmission electron microscopy, obvious electron-dense patches were observed in the gingival epithelial cells around the PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implant abutment. These patches are hemispheric structures closely related to cell adhesion, indicating that the implant abutment of the present invention can promote gingival epithelial closure in animals.

[0065] result:

[0066] The PSBMA-PEG-LDP coated implant abutment prepared by this invention has good biocompatibility; it promotes the expression of adhesion-related genes and proteins; it has immunomodulatory effects and can promote macrophage polarization towards the M2 direction; and it promotes gingival epithelial closure in animals.

[0067] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any simple changes or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an oral implant abutment that combines gingival healing promotion and immune regulation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Select pure titanium to process into a base, and then clean and dry it; Step 2: Synthesize a polydopamine-mediated coating on the substrate surface processed in Step 1; Step 3: Construct a (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating on the surface of the abutment obtained in Step 2; Step 4: Construct a PSBMA-PEG polymer coating on the surface of the substrate obtained in Step 3; Step 5: Construct a PSBMA-PEG-LDP coating on the substrate surface obtained in Step 4; The substrate with the PSBMA-PEG coating was immersed in PBS buffer containing activator at pH 7.4 and activated at 50°C for 1 hour. After activation, the substrate was immediately transferred to 1 mg / mL LDP solution and reacted with LDP at 37°C for 6 hours to carry out the grafting reaction. After the reaction was completed, the reaction sample was rinsed with PBS and dried in an argon atmosphere for later use. LDP is an adhesion peptide derived from the Laminin-5 α3 chain (LAMA3).

2. The method for preparing an oral implant abutment with both gingival healing-promoting and immunomodulatory effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step 2 are as follows: Immerse the pure titanium substrate in a Tris-HCl solution with a pH of 8.5, and shake the reaction solution for 4 hours in a 27°C water bath. After removing it, rinse the surface with plenty of ultrapure water and let it air dry before use.

3. The method for preparing an oral implant abutment with both gingival healing-promoting and immune-regulating effects according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the Tris-HCl solution was 2 mg / mL.

4. The method for preparing an oral implant abutment with both gingival healing-promoting and immunomodulatory effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step 3 are as follows: The dried substrate with the polydopamine-mediated coating was immersed in a mixture of 50% PBS and ethanol containing (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator. The pH of the 50% PBS solution was 8.

5. The reaction solution was shaken in a 32°C water bath for 12 hours to prepare the (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating. After removal, excess initiator on the surface was rinsed with 75% ethanol and allowed to air dry before use.

5. The method for preparing an oral implant abutment with both gingival healing-promoting and immunomodulatory effects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The concentration of (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator in 50% PBS solution is 2 mg / mL.

6. The method for preparing an oral implant abutment with both gingival healing-promoting and immune-regulating effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step 4 are as follows: Step 401: Prepare the reaction solution; Step 402: Immerse the substrate with the (3-trimethoxy)propyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate initiator coating into the reaction solution, seal the reaction vessel, and shake the reaction vessel at 50°C for 5 hours. Step 403: After the reaction is complete, remove the substrate, rinse it with water, and let it air dry for later use.

7. The method for preparing an oral implant abutment with both gingival healing-promoting and immunomodulatory effects according to claim 6, characterized in that, The formula for the reaction solution prepared in step 401 is as follows: A PBS solution with a concentration of 15 mg / mL PSBMA monomer, 12 mg / mL COOH-PEG-acrylate, 2 mg / mL L-ascorbic acid, 0.0036 mg / mL copper bromide, and 0.0152 mg / mL 2,2'-bipyridine, and a pH of 7.

4.

8. The method for preparing an oral implant abutment with both gingival healing-promoting and immunomodulatory effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activator formulation comprises 0.1 mg / mL of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and 0.1 mg / mL of N-hydroxysuccinimide.

9. An oral implant abutment that combines the functions of promoting gingival healing and immune regulation, characterized in that, The base is prepared using the method described in any one of claims 1-8.

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