Construction waste crushing and classifying device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of construction waste treatment, and particularly discloses a construction waste crushing and classifying device which comprises a crushing mechanism, a primary screening mechanism and a secondary screening mechanism which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the crushing mechanism, an iron removal mechanism is arranged above the feeding mechanism, and a dust removal mechanism is arranged at the top of the crushing mechanism. The dust removal mechanism seals the top of the crushing mechanism, a material returning mechanism is arranged between the primary screening mechanism and the crushing mechanism, and the material returning mechanism is used for conveying large-particle-size waste materials screened out by the primary screening mechanism into the crushing mechanism; the iron removal mechanism is arranged above the feeding mechanism, iron removal is carried out while feeding is carried out, the dust removal mechanism is used for removing dust generated when waste is smashed through the smashing mechanism, and therefore the iron removal and dust falling effects are achieved, and smashed large-particle-size materials are returned into the smashing mechanism through the material returning mechanism to be smashed again, so that the utilization rate of the materials is improved. And the crushed particle size of the construction waste reaches the recycling standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of construction waste treatment, in particular to a construction waste crushing and classification device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the construction industry, a large amount of construction waste is generated, including waste materials of various different materials such as masonry, concrete, and metal. These waste materials have a high recycling value. Recycling these waste materials can not only avoid waste of resources, but also protect the environment and avoid environmental pollution caused by the treatment of construction waste. The particle sizes of waste materials of different materials in construction waste are different. In construction waste, these waste materials are mostly combined together, so they need to be crushed into small-size materials for subsequent recycling and reprocessing. Patent application No. CN202311527675.7 discloses a construction waste classification, regeneration and sorting equipment, including a conveying module and a screening module. The conveying module is connected and arranged on the side of the screening module. The screening module includes a first screening module, a second screening module, a screening box and a discharge box. A feed port is provided on the top of the screening box, and the feed port is connected to the conveying module. The discharge box is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the screening box and is connected to the screening box. The second screening module is fixedly arranged in the discharge box, and the first screening module is fixedly arranged inside the screening box. The module includes a first screening component, a second screening component, a separation plate, a crushing component, a horizontal sliding device and a debris removal component. The separation plate is fixedly arranged in the screening box and is located directly below the feed port. The first screening component and the second screening component are fixedly arranged on both sides of the separation plate. The crushing component is fixedly arranged in the screening box and is located between the first screening component and the second screening component. The debris removal component includes a first debris removal device and a second debris removal device. The first debris removal device and the second debris removal device are mirror-arranged on both sides of the screening box. The horizontal sliding device is fixedly arranged on the top of the screening box. This technical solution realizes feeding through the feed port, so that the material enters the separation plate, and the separation plate separates the material into the first screening component and the second screening component. The first screening component and the second screening component screen fine mud and sand to the impurity removal component through screening. The impurity removal component can realize secondary separation of the material through impurity removal, and through the cooperation of the first screening component, the second screening component and the crushing component, the material can be crushed, and then the crushed material enters the discharge box. Through the re-screening of the second screening module, the material can be classified, effectively improving the efficiency of classification. Although this solution can realize multi-stage screening of waste, it is difficult to completely crush the construction waste after each crushing. After screening, there will be residual waste that is not completely crushed. These wastes are difficult to reach the particle size standard for recycling, and a large amount of dust will be generated during the crushing process, which will also cause pollution to the environment. For this reason, this application proposes a construction waste crushing and classification device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the existing problems, the present invention provides a construction waste crushing and classification device, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A construction waste crushing and classification device comprises a crushing mechanism, a primary screening mechanism and a secondary screening mechanism which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, a feeding mechanism is provided on one side of the crushing mechanism, an iron removal mechanism is provided above the feeding mechanism, a dust removal mechanism is provided on the top of the crushing mechanism, the dust removal mechanism seals the top of the crushing mechanism, a return mechanism is provided between the primary screening mechanism and the crushing mechanism, the return mechanism is used to transport large-size waste material screened out by the primary screening mechanism to the crushing mechanism.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the pulverizing mechanism includes a first shell, in which two crushing rollers are movably connected, one end of the two crushing rollers is fixedly connected with mutually meshing gears, and one of the crushing rollers is transmission-connected to a crushing motor.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the dust removal mechanism includes a cover plate, which is fixedly connected to the top of the first shell, a water storage plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the cover plate, a water supply pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the water storage plate, and a matrix distributed atomizing nozzle is provided on the bottom surface of the water storage plate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: a feed port is provided on one side of the first shell close to the upper end, and the feed port is located above the crushing roller, the feeding mechanism is located at the feed port, and the feeding mechanism is a belt conveyor, and the feeding mechanism is used to feed the construction waste to be crushed into the first shell.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present invention: the iron removal mechanism includes symmetrically arranged side plate frames, a first belt conveyor is provided between the side plate frames, the first belt conveyor is located above the feeding mechanism and is vertically arranged to the feeding mechanism, a plurality of electromagnets are provided on the first belt conveyor, conductive contacts are provided at both ends of the electromagnets, an annular groove is provided on the side surfaces of the side plate frames close to each other, one end of the first belt conveyor extends out of the feeding mechanism, a conductive strip is provided in the lower annular groove of the side plate frame, the conductive strip spans the feeding mechanism, and after the conductive contact contacts with the conductive strips of the side plate frames on both sides, the circuit of the electromagnet is connected.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the primary screening mechanism includes a second outer shell, the second outer shell is provided with an inclined first screening plate, the upper and lower ends of the second outer shell are both open and the inner walls close to each other are provided with bosses, the first outer shell extends into the second outer shell and is supported and connected with the bosses.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the return mechanism includes a third shell, a second vertical belt conveyor is arranged in the third shell, a plurality of return hoppers are hingedly connected to the second belt conveyor along the conveying direction, the return hoppers are in contact with the inner wall of the third shell, the upper and lower ends of the third shell are formed with the first shell and the second shell to form a return port and a receiving port, and the length of the return port is greater than the length of the return hopper, and the length of the receiving port is less than the length of the return hopper, when the return hopper is close to one side of the crushing mechanism, the opening of the return hopper faces upward, and when the return hopper rises to the return port, the return hopper tilts downward toward the return port, an open port is arranged at the end of the third shell facing away from the crushing mechanism, and when the return hopper moves to the open port side, the opening of the return hopper faces downward.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the secondary screening mechanism includes a fourth shell, the fourth shell extends into the bottom of the second shell and abuts against the boss on the lower side, the first discharge port is provided on symmetrical sides of the fourth shell, the second discharge port is provided at the bottom of the fourth shell, and two symmetrical second screening plates are provided in the fourth shell, and the ends of the two second screening plates are movably connected to a central axis rod, the lower end of the central axis rod is fixedly connected to at least two shock-absorbing rods, the lower end of the shock-absorbing rod is fixedly connected to a support rod, the support rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fourth shell, the ends of the two second screening plates facing away pass through the first discharge port, and the second screening plates are inclined downward.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: vibrators are installed on both the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention arranges an iron removal mechanism above the feeding mechanism to remove iron while feeding, and uses a dust removal mechanism to remove dust generated when the crushing mechanism crushes the waste, thereby achieving the effects of iron removal and dust reduction, and the crushed large-particle material is returned to the crushing mechanism through the return mechanism for further crushing, thereby ensuring that the crushed particle size of the construction waste meets the recycling standard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a construction waste crushing and classification device;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural section of a construction waste crushing and classification device;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a partial structural cross-sectional perspective schematic diagram of a construction waste crushing and classification device;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram from another perspective;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution plan of a feeding mechanism and an iron removal mechanism in a construction waste crushing and classification device;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a partially exploded schematic diagram of an iron removal mechanism in a construction waste crushing and classification device;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a material recycling mechanism in a construction waste crushing and classification device.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Crushing mechanism; 101. First housing; 102. Crushing roller; 103. Gear; 104. Crushing motor; 105. Feeding port; 2. Primary screening mechanism; 201. Second housing; 202. First screening plate; 203. Boss; 3. Secondary screening mechanism; 301. Fourth housing; 302. First discharging port; 303. Second discharging port; 304. Second screening plate; 305. Middle shaft rod; 306. Shock-absorbing rod; 307. Support rod; 4. Feeding Mechanism; 5. Iron removal mechanism; 501. Side plate frame; 502. First belt conveyor; 503. Electromagnet; 504. Conductive contact; 505. Annular groove; 506. Conductive strip; 6. Dust removal mechanism; 601. Cover plate; 602. Water storage plate; 603. Water supply pipe; 604. Atomizing nozzle; 7. Return mechanism; 701. Third shell; 702. Second belt conveyor; 703. Return hopper; 704. Return port; 705. Receiving port; 706. Open port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Combination Figures 1 to 7The present embodiment describes a device for crushing and classifying construction waste, which includes a crushing mechanism 1, a primary screening mechanism 2 and a secondary screening mechanism 3 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A feeding mechanism 4 is provided on one side of the crushing mechanism 1, an iron removal mechanism 5 is provided above the feeding mechanism 4, a dust removal mechanism 6 is provided on the top of the crushing mechanism 1, and the dust removal mechanism 6 seals the top of the crushing mechanism 1. A return mechanism 7 is provided between the primary screening mechanism 2 and the crushing mechanism 1, and the return mechanism 7 is used to transport the large-size waste material screened out by the primary screening mechanism 2 to the crushing mechanism 1.

[0025] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the pulverizing mechanism 1 includes a first shell 101, in which two crushing rollers 102 are movably connected, and the crushing teeth on the two crushing rollers 102 are staggered. One end of the two crushing rollers 102 is fixedly connected with mutually meshing gears 103, and one of the crushing rollers 102 is transmission-connected to a crushing motor 104, and the crushing motor 104 drives the two crushing rollers 102 to rotate toward the middle, so as to crush the construction waste. The crushed material is screened by the primary screening mechanism 2 and then enters the secondary screening mechanism 3 for secondary screening.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the dust removal mechanism 6 includes a cover plate 601, which is fixedly connected to the top of the first shell 101, a water storage plate 602 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cover plate 601, a water supply pipe 603 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the water storage plate 602, a matrix-distributed atomizing nozzle 604 is provided on the bottom surface of the water storage plate 602, and the water supply pipe 603 is connected to the high-pressure water pipe. When crushing, the atomizing nozzle 604 sprays atomized water to achieve the effect of dust reduction. At the same time, the method of spraying water to reduce dust can also reduce the dust generated during screening. In order to improve the dust reduction effect, a particle sensor is arranged in the first shell 101 to monitor the amount of dust in real time, and the water spraying amount of the atomizing nozzle 604 can be increased according to the amount of dust.

[0027] like Figure 3 , 5As shown in FIG. 6 , a feed port 105 is provided on one side of the first shell 101 close to the upper end, and the feed port 105 is located above the crushing roller 102 . The feeding mechanism 4 is located at the feed port 105 , and the feeding mechanism 4 is a belt conveyor, which is used to feed the construction waste to be crushed into the first shell 101 . The iron removal mechanism 5 includes symmetrically arranged side plate frames 501, and a first belt conveyor 502 is arranged between the side plate frames 501. The first belt conveyor 502 is located above the feeding mechanism 4 and is arranged perpendicular to the feeding mechanism 4. A plurality of electromagnets 503 are arranged on the first belt conveyor 502, and conductive contacts 504 are arranged at both ends of the electromagnets 503. An annular groove 505 is arranged on the side of the side plate frames 501 that are close to each other. One end of the first belt conveyor 502 extends out of the feeding mechanism 4. A conductive strip 506 is arranged in the lower annular groove 505 of the side plate frame 501. The conductive strip 506 spans the feeding mechanism 4. After the conductive contact 504 contacts the conductive strip 506 of the side plate frames 501 on both sides, the circuit of the electromagnet 503 is connected. When the material is transported into the first shell 101 through the belt conveyor, the first belt conveyor 502 drives the electromagnet 503 to move. When the electromagnet 503 is located at the lower side of the first belt conveyor 502 and overlaps with the belt conveyor, the electromagnet 503 connects the circuit to realize magnetization. The electromagnet 503 adsorbs the iron in the material to remove iron. After the electromagnet 503 detaches from the overlapping part of the belt conveyor, the conductive contacts 504 at both ends of the electromagnet 503 detach from the conductive strip 506, the electromagnet 503 is powered off, and the iron falls off from the electromagnet 503 and is collected.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the primary screening mechanism 2 includes a second housing 201, the second housing 201 is provided with an inclined first screening plate 202, the upper and lower ends of the second housing 201 are both open and the inner wall close to each other is provided with a boss 203, the first housing 101 extends into the second housing 201 and is supported and connected with the boss 203, and the first housing 101 and the second housing 201 are fixed by welding or bolting. The first screening plate 202 screens the crushed waste material once, filters out the waste material with a larger particle size, and returns it to the crushing mechanism 1 through the return mechanism 7 for crushing.

[0029] like Figure 3 , 7As shown, the return mechanism 7 includes a third shell 701, in which a second vertical belt conveyor 702 is arranged, and the second belt conveyor 702 is hinged with a plurality of return hoppers 703 along the conveying direction, and the return hoppers 703 abut against the inner wall of the third shell 701, and the upper and lower ends of the third shell 701 and the first shell 101 and the second shell 201 form a return port 704 and a receiving port 705, and the length of the return port 704 is greater than the length of the return hopper 703, and the length of the receiving port 705 is less than the length of the return hopper 703, when the return hopper 703 is close to one side of the crushing mechanism 1, the opening of the return hopper 703 faces upward, and when the return hopper 703 rises to the return port 704, the return hopper 703 tilts downward toward the return port 704, and an open port 706 is arranged at one end of the third shell 701 away from the crushing mechanism 1, and when the return hopper 703 moves to the side of the open port 706, The opening of the return hopper 703 faces downward. In the process of the return hopper 703 being driven by the second belt conveyor 702 to circulate, the return hopper 703 opens upward to collect materials when it is close to the side of the crushing mechanism 1. The lower end of the return hopper 703 is connected to the axis of the second belt conveyor 702. The return hopper 703 is a trapezoidal structure and the size of the lower end is smaller than the size of the upper end. The upper end of the return hopper 703 is heavier at the end away from the second belt conveyor 702. When the return hopper 703 moves to the return material port 704, the return hopper 703 automatically turns over and pours the material into the first shell 101 for secondary crushing until the return hopper 703 opens downward. When the return hopper 703 moves to the open port 706, there is no limit on the third shell 701, and the return hopper 703 automatically turns over to open downward. When it continues to move, the opening of the return hopper 703 continues to face upward, and the cycle is repeated, thereby achieving the purpose of circulating and returning materials.

[0030] like Figure 3As shown, the secondary screening mechanism 3 includes a fourth shell 301, the fourth shell 301 extends into the bottom of the second shell 201 and abuts against the lower boss 203, the symmetrical sides of the fourth shell 301 are provided with a first discharge port 302, the bottom of the fourth shell 301 is provided with a second discharge port 303, and two symmetrical second screening plates 304 are provided in the fourth shell 301, the ends of the two second screening plates 304 are movably connected to the middle shaft rod 305, and the lower end of the middle shaft rod 305 is fixedly connected to at least two shock absorbing rods 306, The shock rod 306 is a spring damping rod, which provides support and performs up and down shock absorption activities. The lower end of the shock absorbing rod 306 is fixedly connected to the support rod 307, and the support rod 307 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fourth shell 301. The ends of the two second screening plates 304 that are separated pass through the first discharge port 302. The second screening plate 304 is tilted downward. The lower end of the first discharge port 302 supports the second screening plate 304. The second screening plate 304 is used to perform secondary screening on the material, and the two particle sizes of the screened materials are collected separately. Vibrators are installed on both the first screening plate 202 and the second screening plate 304 to improve the screening effect.

[0031] The working principle of the present invention is: the feeding mechanism 4 conveys the construction waste to be crushed into the first shell 101, and the iron removal mechanism 5 removes iron from the construction waste during the conveying process, the crushed construction waste enters the primary screening mechanism 2, the screened construction waste is returned to the first shell 101 through the return mechanism 7 for secondary screening, the screened construction waste enters the secondary screening mechanism 3 for secondary screening, and the construction waste screened for the second time is collected separately, thereby achieving the effect of iron removal and dust reduction, and ensuring that the crushed particle size of the construction waste meets the recycling standard.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction waste crushing and classification device, characterized in that: It includes a crushing mechanism, a primary screening mechanism and a secondary screening mechanism which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A feeding mechanism is provided on one side of the crushing mechanism, an iron removal mechanism is provided above the feeding mechanism, a dust removal mechanism is provided on the top of the crushing mechanism, and the dust removal mechanism seals the top of the crushing mechanism. A return mechanism is provided between the primary screening mechanism and the crushing mechanism, and the return mechanism is used to transport large-size waste materials screened out by the primary screening mechanism to the crushing mechanism.

2. A construction waste crushing and classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing mechanism comprises a first shell, in which two crushing rollers are movably connected, one end of the two crushing rollers is fixedly connected with mutually meshing gears, and one of the crushing rollers is transmission-connected with a crushing motor.

3. A construction waste crushing and classification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism includes a cover plate, which is fixedly connected to the top of the first shell, a water storage plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate, a water replenishment pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the water storage plate, and a matrix distributed atomizing nozzle is provided on the bottom of the water storage plate.

4. The construction waste crushing and classification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A feed port is provided on one side of the first shell near the upper end, and the feed port is located above the crushing roller. The feeding mechanism is located at the feed port, and the feeding mechanism is a belt conveyor, and the feeding mechanism is used to feed the construction waste to be crushed into the first shell.

5. The construction waste crushing and classification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The iron removal mechanism includes symmetrically arranged side plate frames, a first belt conveyor is arranged between the side plate frames, the first belt conveyor is located above the feeding mechanism and is arranged perpendicular to the feeding mechanism, a plurality of electromagnets are arranged on the first belt conveyor, conductive contacts are arranged at both ends of the electromagnets, an annular groove is arranged on the side of the side plate frames close to each other, one end of the first belt conveyor extends out of the feeding mechanism, a conductive strip is arranged in the lower annular groove of the side plate frame, the conductive strip spans the feeding mechanism, and the conductive contact contacts the conductive strips of the side plate frames on both sides to connect the circuit of the electromagnet.

6. The construction waste crushing and classification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary screening mechanism comprises a second outer shell, the second outer shell is provided with an inclined first screening plate, the upper and lower ends of the second outer shell are both open and the inner walls close thereto are both provided with bosses, the first outer shell extends into the second outer shell and is supported and connected with the bosses.

7. The construction waste crushing and classification device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The return mechanism includes a third shell, in which a vertical second belt conveyor is arranged, and the second belt conveyor is hinged with a plurality of return hoppers along the conveying direction, and the return hoppers abut against the inner wall of the third shell, and the upper and lower ends of the third shell form a return port and a receiving port with the first shell and the second shell, and the length of the return port is greater than the length of the return hopper, and the length of the receiving port is less than the length of the return hopper, when the return hopper is close to one side of the crushing mechanism, the opening of the return hopper faces upward, and when the return hopper rises to the return port, the return hopper tilts downward toward the return port, and an open port is arranged at one end of the third shell away from the crushing mechanism, and when the return hopper moves to the open port side, the opening of the return hopper faces downward.

8. The construction waste crushing and classification device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The secondary screening mechanism includes a fourth shell, which extends into the bottom of the second shell and abuts against the boss on the lower side, and the first discharge port is provided on symmetrical sides of the fourth shell, and the second discharge port is provided at the bottom of the fourth shell. Two symmetrical second screening plates are provided in the fourth shell, and the ends of the two second screening plates are movably connected to a central axis rod, and the lower end of the central axis rod is fixedly connected to at least two shock-absorbing rods, and the lower end of the shock-absorbing rod is fixedly connected to a support rod, and the support rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fourth shell, and the ends of the two second screening plates facing away pass through the first discharge port, and the second screening plates are inclined downward.

9. The construction waste crushing and classification device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Vibrators are installed on both the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate.

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