A device and method for separating heavy metals from soil, dust and other substances in electroplating plants

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal separation devices, and in particular to a soil dust and heavy metal separation device and separation method for an electroplating plant, comprising a frame as an installation base; a dust collecting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the frame, and a dust suction mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the frame, and the dust suction mechanism and the dust collecting mechanism are connected; in the present invention, the dust and heavy metals on the ground are continuously pushed into the dust suction mechanism for negative pressure collection by adopting the dust collecting mechanism, and when the dust and heavy metals enter the dust suction mechanism, they will move to the rubbing and hot melting mechanism, and the larger dust blocks are rubbed and crushed by the friction force between the rubbing and hot melting mechanism and the screen plate, so that the larger dust blocks are crushed into smaller particles and the heavy metals inside the dust blocks are separated, and at the same time, the rubbing and hot melting mechanism hot melts the heavy metals, and the hot melted heavy metal powder condenses into particles, and then the fine dust and heavy metal particles fall from the screen plate to the separation and collection mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal separation devices, and in particular to a heavy metal separation device and a separation method for soil dust in an electroplating plant. Background Art

[0002] In the electroplating industry, a mixture of heavy metal powders and dust is a common production byproduct. These heavy metal powders have high economic value, so recycling and reusing these powders is essential to improve resource utilization and reduce production costs. However, existing recycling methods have significant defects when dealing with mixtures of heavy metal powders and dust.

[0003] At present, the method commonly used by electroplating plants includes collecting dust and heavy metal powders in a centralized manner and then physically separating them through screens. Although this method can achieve separation to a certain extent, the existing recycling system is usually unable to effectively handle larger dust clumps, which may contain valuable heavy metal powders, but due to the lack of an effective crushing mechanism, these powders are often unable to be recycled, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0004] Secondly, when the particle size of heavy metal powder is similar to that of dust, the traditional screen separation method cannot achieve efficient separation, which causes the heavy metal powder to mix with dust, reducing the quality of the recycled materials and the recycling efficiency.

[0005] Based on this, in order to achieve full recovery of heavy metals, we propose a device and method for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, such as the inability to effectively handle larger dust blocks and the inability to achieve efficient separation, and to propose a heavy metal separation device and separation method for soil dust in an electroplating plant.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] Design a device for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant:

[0009] Includes a vehicle frame as a mounting base;

[0010] A dust collecting mechanism is provided at the front end of the frame, and a dust suction mechanism is provided on the inner side of the frame, and the dust suction mechanism is connected to the dust collecting mechanism to provide dust collecting suction force;

[0011] A rubbing and hot-melting mechanism and a sieve plate are also installed on the inner side of the frame. The rubbing and hot-melting mechanism is located above the sieve plate to separate the heavy metal from the dust at the sieve plate after hot melting. A separation and collection mechanism is installed at the rear end of the frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the dust collecting mechanism comprises brackets installed on both sides of the dust collecting mechanism, and a dust collecting wheel is rotatably connected between the two brackets;

[0013] The dust collecting wheel is rotatably connected to the bracket via an internal hub motor, and a plurality of scrapers are distributed on the periphery of the dust collecting wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust collection mechanism includes a suction nozzle fixed to the front end of the frame, and the inlet of the suction nozzle is directly opposite to the rear lower side of the dust collecting wheel;

[0015] The rear end of the suction nozzle is bent and extended upward, an exhaust assembly is installed on the inner side of the frame, the screen plate is located on the lower side of the exhaust assembly and is sealed with the side of the suction nozzle, and a sealing plate is fixedly connected between the exhaust assembly and the outer side of the suction nozzle.

[0016] Furthermore, the exhaust assembly includes a frame, an exhaust fan installed in the frame, and a filter screen fixed at the front end of the frame;

[0017] A channel is formed between the frame, the screen plate and the suction nozzle, and the channel and the upper end opening of the suction nozzle are sealed and communicated through a sealing plate.

[0018] Further, the exhaust assembly is slidably connected to the frame, wherein the sealing plate is a flexible plate;

[0019] A first motor is fixedly installed on the upper inner side of the frame, a first turntable is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the first motor, a first connecting rod is eccentrically pinned on the end surface of the first turntable, and a tail end of the first connecting rod is pinned to the exhaust assembly.

[0020] Furthermore, the rubbing and hot-melting mechanism comprises a slide plate slidably connected to the frame, and a rubbing board is connected below the slide plate;

[0021] The washboard is located above the sieve plate and fits closely with the sieve plate, wherein a second connecting rod coaxially connected to the first connecting rod is also arranged on the end surface of the first rotating disk, and the tail end of the second connecting rod is pin-connected with the slide plate for transmission;

[0022] The washboard has an inner cavity, in which a heating element is fixedly installed.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of slots are formed at the upper end of the washboard, and a protrusion embedded in the slots is formed at the bottom of the slide plate, wherein a spring is installed between the protrusion and the slots;

[0024] The upper end of the sieve plate has a guide surface inclined toward the washboard, the front end of the washboard has a guide slope, the sieve plate is located at the lower side of the washboard and a discharge port is opened, and the sieve plate and the washboard are provided with grinding teeth on the opposite surfaces.

[0025] Further, the separation and collection mechanism includes a screen with one end fixed below the frame, the middle of the screen is recessed downward to form a dust collection bin, the dust collection bin is directly opposite to the bottom of the discharge port, and a dust outlet is formed between the other end of the screen and the frame;

[0026] Two blowing assemblies are fixedly installed on the sides of the screen, and the frames of the two blowing assemblies are pin-connected. An extension portion is fixedly installed on the bottom of the screen plate, and a second motor is installed on the extension portion. A second turntable is fixedly installed on the shaft end of the second motor, and a third connecting rod is eccentrically pin-connected on the second turntable. The tail end of the third connecting rod is pin-connected to the frame of one of the blowing assemblies.

[0027] Furthermore, a water tank is fixedly installed at the rear end of the frame, and a plurality of ultrasonic atomizing nozzles are distributed at the bottom of the water tank. The water tank is arranged on one side of the separation and collection mechanism and is used to reduce dust;

[0028] A power supply component for providing electrical energy is also fixed above the frame.

[0029] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant, which uses the above-mentioned device and specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] Push the frame to move in the site to be processed;

[0031] The dust collecting mechanism collects dust and heavy metals on the ground, and sucks the collected dust and heavy metals into the rubbing and hot melting mechanism through the dust suction mechanism;

[0032] The rubbing and hot-melting mechanism cooperates with the screen plate to rub the dust and heavy metals and hot-melt the heavy metals;

[0033] The hot-melted heavy metal particles and dust are discharged from the sieve plate, and the dust is separated and discharged by the separation and collection mechanism, and the heavy metal particles are collected to complete the separation operation.

[0034] The present invention proposes a device and method for separating soil dust and heavy metals in an electroplating plant, and the beneficial effects are as follows: in the present invention, a dust collecting mechanism is adopted to continuously push dust and heavy metals on the ground into a dust suction mechanism for negative pressure collection; when dust and heavy metals enter the dust suction mechanism, they will move to a rubbing and hot-melting mechanism, and the larger dust blocks will be rubbed and crushed by the friction force between the rubbing and hot-melting mechanism and the sieve plate, so that the larger dust blocks are crushed into smaller particles and the heavy metals inside the dust blocks are separated; at the same time, the rubbing and hot-melting mechanism hot-melts the heavy metals, and the hot-melted heavy metal powder condenses into particles, and then the fine dust and heavy metal particles fall from the sieve plate to the separation and collection mechanism, so as to further realize the separation of dust and the collection of heavy metal particles; the overall structural design is simple, and the adequacy of the separation of dust and heavy metals is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The three-dimensional Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust collecting mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area A;

[0039] Figure 5 The three-dimensional Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first motor structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the washboard and the screen plate of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the washboard and the screen plate of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the water tank structure of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1, frame; 11, first motor; 12, first turntable; 13, first connecting rod; 2, dust collecting mechanism; 21, bracket; 22, dust collecting wheel; 23, hub motor; 24, scraper; 3, dust collecting mechanism; 31, suction nozzle; 32, exhaust assembly; 321, frame; 322, exhaust fan; 323, filter; 33, sealing plate; 4, rubbing hot melt mechanism; 41, slide plate; 411, protrusion; 42, rubbing board; 421. slot; 422. guide slope; 43. second connecting rod; 44. heating element; 45. spring; 5. sieve plate; 51. guide surface; 52. discharge port; 53. rubbing teeth; 6. separation and collection mechanism; 61. sieve; 62. dust collecting bin; 63. dust outlet; 64. blowing assembly; 65. second motor; 66. second turntable; 67. third connecting rod; 7. water tank; 71. ultrasonic atomizing nozzle; 8. power supply assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0046] Reference Figure 1-9 As an embodiment of the present invention, a device for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant is disclosed, which is intended to separate dust from heavy metals and to achieve the purpose of centralized recovery of heavy metals;

[0047] Specifically, the device includes a frame 1 as a mounting base. Of course, rollers are installed at the bottom of the frame 1 for easy movement. In addition, a handle is also provided at the rear end of the frame 1 to control the moving direction during the movement.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 A dust collecting mechanism 2 is provided at the front end of the frame 1, and a dust suction mechanism 3 is provided on the inner side of the frame 1, and the dust suction mechanism 3 is connected to the dust collecting mechanism 2 to provide dust collection suction;

[0049] A rubbing and hot-melting mechanism 4 and a sieve plate 5 are also installed on the inner side of the frame 1. The rubbing and hot-melting mechanism 4 is located above the sieve plate 5 to separate the heavy metal from the dust at the sieve plate 5 after hot melting. A separation and collection mechanism 6 is installed at the rear end of the frame 1.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments, the dust collecting mechanism 2 of the present invention includes brackets 21 installed on both sides of the dust collecting mechanism 3, and a dust collecting wheel 22 is rotatably connected between the two brackets 21;

[0051] The dust collecting wheel 22 is rotatably connected to the bracket 21 via an internal hub motor 23, and a plurality of scrapers 24 are distributed on the periphery of the dust collecting wheel 22. Specifically, in this embodiment, the hub motor 23 drives the dust collecting wheel 22 to rotate during operation, so as to drive the plurality of scrapers 24 to continuously push the dust and heavy metals on the ground into the dust collecting mechanism 3 for negative pressure collection.

[0052] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 ,Furthermore, the dust suction mechanism 3 of the present invention includes a suction nozzle 31 fixed to the front end of the frame 1, the suction nozzle 31 can be set as a stainless steel pipe, and the inlet of the suction nozzle 31 is directly opposite to the rear side and lower side of the dust collecting wheel 22;

[0053] The rear end of the suction nozzle 31 is bent and extended upward, and an exhaust component 32 is installed on the inner side of the frame 1. The sieve plate 5 is located at the lower side of the exhaust component 32 and is sealed with the side of the suction nozzle 31. A sealing plate 33 is fixedly connected between the exhaust component 32 and the outer side of the suction nozzle 31. The sealing plate 33 is provided to seal the exhaust component 32 and the suction nozzle 31 to ensure that the negative pressure is leak-free so that dust and heavy metals can smoothly enter the rubbing hot melt mechanism 4.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the exhaust assembly 32 of the present invention comprises a frame 321, an exhaust fan 322 installed in the frame 321, and a filter 323 fixed at the front end of the frame 321. Specifically, the exhaust fan 322 described in this embodiment can be set to multiple, and preferably four in this embodiment. Of course, considering the subsequent convenient replacement of the filter 323, the filter 323 described in this embodiment can be connected and fixed by fasteners such as bolts, or fixed by Velcro bonding. Its detachable method is a conventional means for technicians in the relevant field, and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] A channel is formed between the frame 321 , the sieve plate 5 and the suction nozzle 31 , and the channel and the upper opening of the suction nozzle 31 are sealed and communicated with each other through a sealing plate 33 .

[0056] That is to say, in the process of collecting dust and heavy metals, the dust collecting wheel 22 rotates to scrape the dust and heavy metals on the ground toward the entrance of the suction nozzle 31, and the exhaust fan 322 generates negative pressure to make the dust and heavy metals enter the rubbing hot melt mechanism 4 along the above-mentioned channel for subsequent separation.

[0057] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6In addition, considering that dust is easily adhered to the surface of the filter 323 during a long period of vacuuming, thus affecting the suction force, the exhaust assembly 32 of the present invention is slidably connected to the frame 1. In this embodiment, a slide groove can be provided on the side of the frame 1, and a slider is provided on the side of the frame 321. The slider and the slide groove are slidably matched to ensure the linear sliding of the entire frame 321. The sealing plate 33 is a flexible plate. Preferably, the sealing plate 33 described in this embodiment is set as a rubber plate, which can adapt to the deformation during the reciprocating movement of the frame 321 by virtue of its good bendability.

[0058] A first motor 11 is fixedly installed on the upper inner side of the frame 1, a first turntable 12 is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the first motor 11, a first connecting rod 13 is eccentrically pinned on the end surface of the first turntable 12, and the tail end of the first connecting rod 13 is pinned to the exhaust assembly 32.

[0059] That is, in the present invention, the first motor 11 drives the first turntable 12 to rotate. Since the first connecting rod 13 and the first turntable 12 are pin-connected, during the reciprocating rotation of the first turntable 12, the first connecting rod 13 will reciprocate and pull the above-mentioned frame 321 to move back and forth in a straight line, and with the help of the shaking force generated by the frame 321, dust is prompted to fall from the end surface of the filter 323, thereby avoiding the problem of dust accumulation on the surface of the filter 323 during long-term work.

[0060] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the rubbing hot melt mechanism 4 in the present invention comprises a slide plate 41 slidably connected to the frame 1. In this embodiment, a T-shaped slide groove is provided on the top beam of the frame 1. A T-shaped slider is provided on the top of the slide plate 41. The slide plate 41 can move linearly by slidingly cooperating with the T-shaped slider and the T-shaped slide groove. A rubbing board 42 is connected below the slide plate 41.

[0061] Reference Figure 6 The wash plate 42 is located above the sieve plate 5 and fits closely with the sieve plate 5, wherein a second connecting rod 43 coaxially connected to the first connecting rod 13 is also provided on the end surface of the first rotating disk 12, and the tail end of the second connecting rod 43 is pin-connected with the slide plate 41 for transmission;

[0062] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8The rubbing board 42 has an inner cavity in which a heating element 44 is fixedly installed. The heating element 44 in this embodiment is a heating wire. That is, in the present invention, the second connecting rod 43 is driven to reciprocate by the first turntable 12 to drive the slide plate 41 to move back and forth in a straight line. Since the rubbing board 42 is connected to the slide plate 41, the rubbing board 42 moves back and forth in a straight line on the screen plate 5 during operation. With the help of the friction between the rubbing board 42 and the screen plate 5, the larger dust blocks are rubbed and crushed, and the heavy metals inside the dust blocks are separated, so as to ensure the convenience of subsequent separation from the heavy metals.

[0063] Reference Figure 8 In a further embodiment, a plurality of slots 421 are formed at the upper end of the rubbing board 42, and a protrusion 411 embedded in the slot 421 is formed at the bottom of the slide plate 41, wherein a spring 45 is installed between the protrusion 411 and the slot 421, and the driving force generated by the spring 45 is used to ensure that the rubbing board 42 can stably contact the sieve plate 5 to ensure the rubbing effect on dust and heavy metals. In addition, due to the design of the spring 45, the rubbing board 42 has a certain floating force, and the block-shaped dust can smoothly enter between the rubbing board 42 and the sieve plate 5 for rubbing, thereby ensuring the adaptability of the rubbing operation;

[0064] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The upper end of the sieve plate 5 has a guide surface 51 inclined toward the wash plate 42, and the guide surface 51 is used to allow the inhaled dust and heavy metals to move smoothly downward along the guide surface 51. The front end of the wash plate 42 has a guide slope 422, and the guide slope 422 is to adapt to larger dust blocks. That is, when a larger dust block enters, it is first rubbed by the guide slope 422 and the sieve plate 5 to crush it to reduce the particle size and separate the heavy metal powder inside it, and finally the smaller dust enters the lower part of the wash plate 42. The flat surface is rubbed to ensure that the discharged dust particles are small and the heavy metals inside the dust blocks are separated to facilitate the subsequent complete separation from the heavy metals. The sieve plate 5 is located at the lower side of the rubbing plate 42 and is provided with a discharge port 52. Rubbing teeth 53 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the sieve plate 5 and the rubbing plate 42. In addition, in this embodiment, a filter screen can be further provided at the bottom of the sieve plate 5 to ensure that only powder that meets the predetermined size can fall, and dust blocks with larger diameters continue to flow between the rubbing plate 42 and the sieve plate 5 for rubbing.

[0065] In summary, when the separation device of the present invention is working, the dust collecting wheel 22 first pushes the dust and heavy metals on the ground to the suction nozzle 31, and the exhaust assembly 32 generates negative pressure to attract the dust and heavy metals so that they enter between the wash plate 42 and the screen plate 5;

[0066] Since the rubbing teeth 53 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the rubbing plate 42 and the screen plate 5, when the rubbing plate 42 is in the process of reciprocating linear motion, the dust blocks are crushed based on the friction force, so that the larger dust blocks are crushed into smaller particles. At the same time, the heating element 44 heat-melts the heavy metal, and the hot-melted heavy metal powder condenses into particles. Then, the fine dust and heavy metal particles fall from the discharge port 52 of the screen plate 5 to the separation and collection mechanism 6, so as to realize the separation of dust and the collection of heavy metal particles.

[0067] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 7 In some embodiments, the separation and collection mechanism 6 of the present invention includes a screen 61 fixed at one end below the frame 1, and both sides of the screen 61 are fixedly sealed with the bottom of the frame 1 to prevent heavy metal particles from falling. Of course, the screen 61 described in this embodiment can be provided with a woven filter screen, which can be used to facilitate subsequent shaking dust removal by virtue of its own deformability. The middle part of the screen 61 is recessed downward to form a dust collecting bin 62, and the dust collecting bin 62 is directly opposite to the bottom of the discharge port 52. A dust outlet 63 is formed between the other end of the screen 61 and the frame 1;

[0068] Reference Fig. 9 , wherein two blowing assemblies 64 are fixedly installed on the side of the screen 61. Of course, the blowing assembly 64 described in this embodiment also includes a frame and a blowing fan installed in the frame. The frame is installed on the outside of the screen 61 and is shielded and protected by the screen 61. The frames of the two blowing assemblies 64 are pinned to each other, and an extension portion is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screen plate 5. A second motor 65 is installed on the extension portion, and a second turntable 66 is fixedly installed on the shaft end of the second motor 65. A third connecting rod 67 is eccentrically pinned on the second turntable 66, and the tail end of the third connecting rod 67 is pinned to the frame of one of the blowing assemblies 64.

[0069] That is, in the present invention, the screen 61 is used to collect the fallen heavy metal particles. In addition, since the particle size and density of the dust are small, the blowing assembly 64 is used to blow the dust from the inside of the heavy metal particles. The blown dust is discharged outward along the dust outlet 63, and the heavy metal particles are collected in the dust collecting bin 62.

[0070] In addition, in order to further prevent dust from accumulating on the screen 61, the present invention is also designed with a second motor 65 to drive the second turntable 66 to rotate. Since the third connecting rod 67 and the second turntable 66 are eccentrically pinned, the third connecting rod 67 drives the blowing assembly 64 to shake back and forth, thereby avoiding the possibility of dust accumulation and greatly improving the separation effect of dust and heavy metal particles.

[0071] It should be noted that in the present invention, a water tank 7 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the frame 1, and a plurality of ultrasonic atomizing nozzles 71 are distributed at the bottom of the water tank 7. The water tank 7 is arranged on one side of the separation and collection mechanism 6 and is used to reduce dust.

[0072] A power supply assembly 8 for providing electrical energy is also fixed above the frame 1 .

[0073] That is, in the present invention, the water in the water tank 7 is sprayed out through the ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 71. When the dust and heavy metal particles are separated, the dust is discharged outward along the dust outlet 63. At the same time, the sprayed water mist and dust are combined to make the dust condense and fall here. In this way, the dust reduction effect can be achieved, so as to avoid the problem of dust affecting the working environment during the collection and separation process.

[0074] In addition, the present invention also proposes a method for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant, which uses the above-mentioned device. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

[0075] Pushing the frame 1 to move in the site to be processed;

[0076] The dust collecting mechanism 2 collects the dust and heavy metals on the ground, and the dust collecting mechanism 3 sucks the collected dust and heavy metals into the rubbing and hot melting mechanism 4;

[0077] The rubbing and hot-melting mechanism 4 cooperates with the screen plate 5 to rub the dust and heavy metals and hot-melt the heavy metals;

[0078] The hot-melted heavy metal particles and dust are discharged from the sieve plate 5, and the separation and collection mechanism 6 separates and discharges the dust, and collects the heavy metal particles to complete the separation operation.

[0079] In summary, in the present invention, the dust collecting mechanism 2 is adopted to continuously push the dust and heavy metals on the ground into the dust suction mechanism 3 for negative pressure collection. When the dust and heavy metals enter the dust suction mechanism 3, they will move to the rubbing and hot melting mechanism 4, and the larger dust blocks will be rubbed and crushed by the friction between the rubbing and hot melting mechanism 4 and the screen plate 5, so that the larger dust blocks are crushed into smaller particles. At the same time, the rubbing and hot melting mechanism 4 hot melts the heavy metal, and the hot melted heavy metal powder condenses into particles and separates the heavy metal inside the dust block, and then the fine dust and heavy metal particles fall from the screen plate 5 to the separation and collection mechanism 6, so as to further realize the separation of dust and the collection of heavy metal particles. The overall structural design is simple, which ensures the adequacy of the separation of dust and heavy metals.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for separating heavy metals from soil, dust and other materials in an electroplating plant, characterized by: It includes a frame (1) as a mounting base; A dust collecting mechanism (2) is arranged at the front end of the vehicle frame (1), and a dust suction mechanism (3) is arranged on the inner side of the vehicle frame (1); the dust suction mechanism (3) is connected to the dust collecting mechanism (2) to provide dust collecting suction force; A rubbing and hot-melting mechanism (4) and a sieve plate (5) are also installed on the inner side of the frame (1); the rubbing and hot-melting mechanism (4) is located above the sieve plate (5) to separate the heavy metal from the dust at the sieve plate (5) after hot melting; a separation and collection mechanism (6) is installed at the rear end of the frame (1); the dust collecting mechanism (2) comprises brackets (21) installed on both sides of the dust collecting mechanism (3); a dust collecting wheel (22) is rotatably connected between the two brackets (21); The dust collecting wheel (22) is rotatably connected to the bracket (21) via an internal wheel hub motor (23); a plurality of scrapers (24) are distributed on the outer periphery of the dust collecting wheel (22); the dust collecting mechanism (3) comprises a suction nozzle (31) fixed at the front end of the frame (1); the inlet of the suction nozzle (31) is directly opposite to the rear lower side of the dust collecting wheel (22); The rear end of the suction nozzle (31) is bent and extended upward, an air extraction component (32) is installed on the inner side of the frame (1), the sieve plate (5) is located on the lower side of the air extraction component (32) and is sealed with the side edge of the suction nozzle (31), wherein a sealing plate (33) is fixedly connected between the air extraction component (32) and the outer side of the suction nozzle (31); The air extraction assembly (32) is slidably connected to the vehicle frame (1), wherein the sealing plate (33) is a flexible plate; A first motor (11) is fixedly mounted on the upper inner side of the vehicle frame (1); a first rotating disk (12) is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the first motor (11); a first connecting rod (13) is eccentrically pinned to the end surface of the first rotating disk (12); and a tail end of the first connecting rod (13) is pinned to the exhaust assembly (32); The rubbing and hot-melting mechanism (4) comprises a slide plate (41) slidably connected to the frame (1), and a rubbing plate (42) is connected below the slide plate (41); The wash plate (42) is located above the sieve plate (5) and is tightly fitted to the sieve plate (5), wherein a second connecting rod (43) coaxially connected to the first connecting rod (13) is also provided on the end surface of the first rotating disk (12), and the tail end of the second connecting rod (43) is pin-connected with the slide plate (41) for transmission; The rubbing board (42) has an inner cavity, in which a heating element (44) is fixedly installed.

2. The device for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly (32) comprises a frame (321), an exhaust fan (322) installed in the frame (321), and a filter screen (323) fixed at the front end of the frame (321); A channel is formed between the frame (321), the screen plate (5) and the suction nozzle (31), and the channel and the upper end opening of the suction nozzle (31) are sealed and communicated through a sealing plate (33).

3. The device for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the washboard (42) is provided with a plurality of slots (421), and the bottom of the slide plate (41) is formed with protrusions (411) embedded in the slots (421), wherein a spring (45) is installed between the protrusions (411) and the slots (421); The upper end of the sieve plate (5) has a guide surface (51) inclined toward the rubbing plate (42), the front end of the rubbing plate (42) has a guide slope (422), the sieve plate (5) is provided with a discharge port (52) at the lower side of the rubbing plate (42), and rubbing teeth (53) are provided on the opposite surfaces of the sieve plate (5) and the rubbing plate (42).

4. The device for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation and collection mechanism (6) comprises a screen (61) with one end fixed below the frame (1); the middle of the screen (61) is recessed downward to form a dust collecting bin (62); the dust collecting bin (62) is directly opposite to the bottom of the discharge port (52); a dust outlet (63) is formed between the other end of the screen (61) and the frame (1); Two blowing assemblies (64) are fixedly installed on the sides of the screen (61), and the frames of the two blowing assemblies (64) are pin-connected. An extension portion is fixedly installed on the bottom of the screen plate (5), and a second motor (65) is installed on the extension portion. A second turntable (66) is fixedly installed on the shaft end of the second motor (65), and a third connecting rod (67) is eccentrically pin-connected on the second turntable (66). The tail end of the third connecting rod (67) is pin-connected to the frame of one of the blowing assemblies (64).

5. The device for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water tank (7) is fixedly mounted at the rear end of the vehicle frame (1), a plurality of ultrasonic atomizing nozzles (71) are distributed at the bottom of the water tank (7), and the water tank (7) is arranged on one side of the separation and collection mechanism (6) and is used to reduce dust; A power supply component (8) for providing electric energy is also fixed above the vehicle frame (1).

6. A method for separating heavy metals from soil dust in an electroplating plant, characterized in that: Using the device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: Propelling the vehicle frame (1) to move in the site to be processed; The dust collecting mechanism (2) collects dust and heavy metals on the ground, and the dust suction mechanism (3) sucks the collected dust and heavy metals into the rubbing and hot melting mechanism (4); The rubbing and hot-melting mechanism (4) cooperates with the screen plate (5) to rub the dust and heavy metals and to hot-melt the heavy metals; The hot-melted heavy metal particles and dust are discharged from the sieve plate (5), and the dust is separated and discharged by the separation and collection mechanism (6), and the heavy metal particles are collected to complete the separation operation.

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