Universal function module design process and method suitable for FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering facilities, in particular to a universal function module design process and method suitable for FPSO. The method comprises the following steps that S1, a universal FPSO ship body is selected according to the oil and gas treatment scale, the operation sea area sea condition and the mooring mode; s2, selecting a general function module by comprehensively considering environmental data, a technological process and ship body scale parameters; s3, classifying and combining the modules selected in the S2 according to processes and functions; s4, arranging the selected function modules according to the security division; s5, carrying out connection design of pipelines and electric / instrument cables among the modules; and S6, overall design and adaptive adjustment are completed, and building construction is carried out after rechecking and confirmation. By selecting the universal function module, the existing mature technology and standard can be utilized, and the time and cost of design and manufacturing are reduced. And through safety division and risk assessment, sufficient isolation measures between the high-risk module and the low-risk module are ensured, and the risk of accidents is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering facilities, and in particular to a general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO. Background Art

[0002] FPSO is an offshore floating production, storage and offloading device that integrates production, storage and unloading. FPSO consists of a hull and an upper module. The upper module is responsible for processing oil and gas, and the hull is responsible for storing qualified crude oil. FPSO usually requires customized design of the hull and upper module for specific projects, which takes a long time to design and is not conducive to the mass construction of FPSO.

[0003] In the existing upper module design process and method applicable to general FPSO, it usually relies on a large amount of empirical data and historical cases. Although this helps to reduce design risks, it also limits the space for innovation and hinders the application of new materials and technologies. Insufficient consideration of the impact of environmental factors, especially under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and tsunamis, may pose a threat to the safe operation of FPSO. In the traditional design process, safety and environmental considerations are often taken seriously only in the later stages of design, which not only increases the difficulty of design, but also increases costs. The existing design methods are insufficient in multidisciplinary cross-collaboration, and the communication and coordination between departments are not smooth, which affects the overall design quality and project progress. Therefore, a general functional module design process and method applicable to FPSO is provided. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a general functional module design process and method applicable to FPSO, so as to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that in the existing upper module design process and method applicable to general FPSO, it usually relies on a large amount of empirical data and historical cases. Although this helps to reduce design risks, it also limits the space for innovation, so that the application of new materials and technologies is hindered. Insufficient consideration is given to the impact of environmental factors, especially under extreme weather conditions, such as typhoons, tsunamis, etc., which may pose a threat to the safe operation of FPSO. In the traditional design process, considerations for safety and environmental protection are often taken seriously only in the later stages of the design, which not only increases the difficulty of design, but also increases costs. The existing design methods are insufficient in multidisciplinary cross-collaboration, and the communication and coordination between departments are not smooth, which affects the overall design quality and project progress.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention aims to provide a general functional module design process and method applicable to FPSO, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Select a general-purpose FPSO hull based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area and mooring method;

[0007] S2. Comprehensively consider environmental data, process flow, and hull scale parameters to select general function modules;

[0008] S3, classify and combine the modules selected in S2 according to processes and functions;

[0009] S4. Arrange and arrange the selected functional modules according to the security division;

[0010] S5. Design the connection of pipelines, electrical / instrument cables between modules;

[0011] S6. Complete the overall design and adaptive adjustments, and enter the construction after review and confirmation.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S1, the specific steps of selecting a universal FPSO hull according to the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating sea area and mooring method are as follows:

[0013] S2.1. Conduct a preliminary assessment based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area and the planned mooring method;

[0014] Among them, sea conditions include wind speed, wave height, and current speed;

[0015] S2.2. Based on the evaluation results, select the general FPSO hull model that meets the requirements from the database;

[0016] S2.3. Conduct technical and economic analysis on the selected hull model to determine the most suitable hull;

[0017] Among them, technical and economic analysis includes construction cost, operation cost and maintenance cost.

[0018] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S2, the specific steps of selecting the general function module by comprehensively considering the environmental data, process flow, and hull scale parameters are as follows:

[0019] S3.1. Collect and analyze historical environmental data of the operating sea area;

[0020] Among them, historical environmental data include meteorological and hydrological information;

[0021] S3.2. Develop technical specifications for functional modules based on the oil and gas processing process and hull size restrictions;

[0022] S3.3, selecting candidate modules that meet the technical specifications from the modules on the market;

[0023] S3.4, perform performance evaluation on candidate modules;

[0024] Among them, performance evaluation includes evaluation of energy efficiency, reliability, and compatibility;

[0025] S3.5. Finally, select the general function module.

[0026] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S3.4, the specific steps of performing performance evaluation on the candidate modules are:

[0027] S3.41, obtain the energy consumption data of the module under typical working conditions;

[0028] Among them, energy consumption data includes electricity consumption and fuel consumption;

[0029] S3.42 obtains the processing capability data of the module;

[0030] Among them, the processing capacity data includes daily processing capacity and maximum processing capacity;

[0031] S3.43, calculating the energy efficiency ratio, and comparing the energy efficiency ratios of all candidate modules, and selecting the module with the highest energy efficiency ratio;

[0032] S3.44, obtain the failure rate data of the module, and obtain the mean time between failures and mean time to repair of the module;

[0033] Among them, the failure rate data includes the number of failures per year;

[0034] S3.45, calculating the reliability index, and comparing the reliability indexes of all candidate modules, and selecting the module with the highest reliability index;

[0035] S3.46. Obtain the interface standard of the module and obtain the compatibility report of the module with the control system and the power system;

[0036] Among them, interface standards include pipeline connection, electrical interface, and control system interface;

[0037] S3.47, evaluating compatibility, obtaining a compatibility score, and comparing the compatibility scores of all candidate modules, and selecting a module with the highest compatibility score;

[0038] S3.48. Assign different weights to energy efficiency, reliability and compatibility, determine the weight values ​​according to project requirements, and calculate the comprehensive score of each module;

[0039] S3.49. Compare the comprehensive scores of all candidate modules and select the module with the highest comprehensive score as the final selected general function module.

[0040] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S3, the specific steps of classifying and combining the modules selected in S2 according to the process and function are as follows:

[0041] S4.1. Classify according to function and process flow;

[0042] S4.2. Determine the input and output materials and energy of each module;

[0043] S4.3. Use the drawing software AutoCAD to draw a detailed process flow chart, indicating the connection relationship of each module;

[0044] S4.4. Determine the material transfer path between each module;

[0045] S4.5. Determine the energy transfer path between each module.

[0046] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S4.3, a detailed process flow chart is drawn using drawing software AutoCAD, and the specific process of indicating the connection relationship of each module is as follows:

[0047] S4.31. Open AutoCAD software and create a new drawing file;

[0048] S4.32. Draw icons for each module using standard process symbols;

[0049] S4.33. Use lines and arrows to connect the modules and indicate the flow of materials and energy;

[0050] S4.34. Add annotations and labels to the flowchart to indicate the function and connection relationship of each module.

[0051] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S4, the specific steps of arranging the selected functional modules according to the security division are:

[0052] S5.1. Analyze each functional module, identify the hazard source, and assess the risk level;

[0053] S5.2. Develop a safety zoning plan based on risk levels;

[0054] S5.3. Place high-risk modules away from living and office areas;

[0055] S5.4. Place low-risk modules close to living and office areas.

[0056] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S5.2, the security partitioning scheme is specifically:

[0057] S5.21. Divide the entire project area into different safety zones;

[0058] Among them, the safe areas include production areas, storage areas, office areas, and living areas;

[0059] S5.21. Each area should have clear boundaries and be marked with signs;

[0060] S5.21. Establish physical isolation zones between high-risk areas and low-risk areas;

[0061] S5.21. Isolation belts are of high strength and height to prevent unauthorized persons from entering high-risk areas;

[0062] S5.25. Plan emergency evacuation routes in each area to ensure that people can evacuate quickly in an emergency;

[0063] S5.26. Evacuation routes should be kept unobstructed and clearly marked.

[0064] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S5, the specific steps of designing the connection of pipelines and electrical / instrument cables between modules are as follows:

[0065] S6.1. Draw a pipeline connection diagram between modules and clearly define the starting and ending points of each pipeline;

[0066] S6.2. Plan the laying path of pipelines to avoid conflicts with electrical and instrument cables;

[0067] S6.3. Design pipeline supports and fixtures to ensure that the pipeline remains stable under the action of waves and wind;

[0068] S6.4. Draw the electrical and instrument cable connections between modules, clearly identifying the starting and ending points of each cable;

[0069] S6.5. Plan the laying path of cables to avoid conflicts with pipelines;

[0070] S6.6. Design cable supports and protective devices to ensure that the cables remain stable under the action of waves and wind.

[0071] As a further improvement of the technical solution, in S6, the specific steps of completing the overall design and adaptive adjustment and entering the construction after review and confirmation are as follows:

[0072] S7.1. Systematically integrate the design results of all modules to ensure the coordination and consistency among the modules;

[0073] S7.2. Verify the performance of the overall system to ensure that all modules can work together;

[0074] S7.3. Make preliminary adjustments to the design based on the performance verification results;

[0075] S7.4. Conduct detailed inspection on the adjusted design to ensure that all adjustments meet technical requirements and safety standards;

[0076] S7.5. After review and confirmation, construction can begin.

[0077] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0078] 1. In the design process and method of the universal functional module applicable to FPSO, by selecting universal functional modules, existing mature technologies and standards can be used to reduce the time and cost of design and manufacturing. Through safety division and risk assessment, it is ensured that there are sufficient isolation measures between high-risk modules and low-risk modules to reduce the risk of accidents.

[0079] 2. In the general functional module design process and method applicable to FPSO, by classifying and combining the modules and optimizing the layout, the connection relationship between the modules is ensured to be reasonable, the material and energy flow paths are unobstructed, and the overall efficiency of the system is improved. Through internal review and external approval, the design documents are ensured to comply with the requirements of laws and regulations, and the compliance and transparency of the project are improved. Through energy efficiency evaluation, high-efficiency modules and systems are selected to reduce energy consumption and improve the sustainability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0080] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a general FPSO hull;

[0081] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a general functional module;

[0082] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the upper modules;

[0083] Figure 4 is a flow chart of the overall method of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 1 In: 11. Hull elevation; 12. Hull plane; 21. General function module frame structure; 22. General function module deck; 23. General function module equipment; 31. Process area; 32. Non-hazardous area; 33. Pipe gallery; 34. Living area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] Embodiment 1:

[0087] See also Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a general functional module design process and method applicable to FPSO, including the following steps:

[0088] S1. Select a general-purpose FPSO hull based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area and mooring method;

[0089] In this example, the specific steps for selecting a general-purpose FPSO hull based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area, and mooring method are as follows:

[0090] S2.1. Conduct a preliminary assessment based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area and the planned mooring method;

[0091] Among them, sea conditions include wind speed, wave height, and current speed;

[0092] Specifically, the steps for conducting a preliminary assessment based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area, and the planned mooring method are as follows:

[0093] (1) Collecting oil and gas processing scale data:

[0094] Obtain the daily processing capacity required for the project (for example, how many barrels of crude oil or natural gas will be processed per day);

[0095] Determine maximum storage capacity (e.g., maximum capacity of a storage tank);

[0096] (2) Collect sea condition data of the operating area:

[0097] Collect historical meteorological data of the operating sea area, including average wind speed and maximum wind speed;

[0098] Collect hydrological data of the operating sea area, including maximum wave height and maximum current velocity;

[0099] (3) Determine the intended mooring method:

[0100] According to the project requirements and sea area characteristics, select the appropriate mooring method, such as single point mooring (SPM), multi-point mooring (MPM) or dynamic positioning (DP).

[0101] S2.2. Based on the evaluation results, select the general FPSO hull model that meets the requirements from the database;

[0102] Specifically, based on the evaluation results, the steps of selecting a general FPSO hull model that meets the requirements from the database are as follows:

[0103] Based on the collected oil and gas processing scale data, the hull models with processing capacity range that meets the requirements are screened out.

[0104] Based on the collected sea condition data, the hull model suitable for the sea conditions in the operating sea area is screened out.

[0105] According to the predetermined mooring method, the hull model supporting the mooring method is screened out.

[0106] S2.3. Conduct technical and economic analysis on the selected hull model to determine the most suitable hull;

[0107] Among them, technical and economic analysis includes construction cost, operation cost and maintenance cost.

[0108] Specifically, the steps of conducting technical and economic analysis on the selected hull model and determining the most suitable hull are as follows:

[0109] (1) Collect technical and economic data:

[0110] For the selected hull models, collect the following data:

[0111] Construction cost: includes design, procurement, construction and installation costs.

[0112] Operating costs: including daily operations, fuel consumption, staff salaries and other expenses.

[0113] Maintenance costs: including regular inspections, equipment replacement, spare parts procurement, etc.

[0114] (2) Conduct technical and economic analysis:

[0115] Construction cost analysis: Compare the construction costs of various hull models and choose the model with lower cost.

[0116] Operational cost analysis: Evaluate the cost of each hull model during operation and select the model with lower operating cost.

[0117] Maintenance cost analysis: Evaluate the cost of maintenance and repair of each hull model and select the model with lower maintenance cost.

[0118] (3) Comprehensive evaluation:

[0119] Make a comprehensive assessment based on construction costs, operating costs and maintenance costs.

[0120] You can use a weighted scoring method to assign different weights to each cost item and then calculate the total score.

[0121] The hull model with the highest total score is selected as the optimal solution.

[0122] S2. Comprehensively consider environmental data, process flow, and hull scale parameters to select general function modules;

[0123] In this example, the specific steps for selecting the general function module by comprehensively considering the environmental data, process flow, and hull scale parameters are as follows:

[0124] S3.1. Collect and analyze historical environmental data of the operating sea area;

[0125] Among them, historical environmental data include meteorological and hydrological information;

[0126] Specifically, the steps to collect and analyze historical environmental data of the operating sea area are:

[0127] (1) Collect meteorological data:

[0128] Collect the average, maximum and minimum temperatures in the operating sea area;

[0129] Collect the average wind speed, maximum wind speed and wind direction distribution in the operating sea area;

[0130] Collect rainfall and snowfall in the operating sea area.

[0131] (2) Collect hydrological data:

[0132] Collect the average wave height, maximum wave height and wave period in the operating sea area;

[0133] Collect the average flow velocity, maximum flow velocity and flow direction in the operating sea area;

[0134] Collect tidal changes and current patterns in the operating sea area.

[0135] (3) Data analysis

[0136] Use statistical methods to analyze historical data and determine the probability and frequency of extreme conditions.

[0137] Identify environmental factors that may affect FPSO operations, such as storms, waves and tides.

[0138] S3.2. Develop technical specifications for functional modules based on the oil and gas processing process and hull size restrictions;

[0139] Specifically, according to the oil and gas processing process and the hull size restrictions, the steps for formulating the technical specifications of the functional modules are as follows:

[0140] (1) Analysis of oil and gas processing process:

[0141] Identify the main processing steps, such as crude oil separation, dehydration, degassing, stabilization, etc.

[0142] Determine the process parameters for each processing step, such as temperature, pressure, flow, etc.

[0143] (2) Consider the hull size limitation:

[0144] Obtain the dimensional parameters of the ship such as length, width, draft and deck area.

[0145] Determine the maximum size and weight limits of the module to ensure that the module can be installed and operated smoothly on the hull.

[0146] (3) Develop technical specifications:

[0147] Clarify the performance requirements of the module, such as processing power, energy efficiency, safety standards, etc.

[0148] Specify the interface standards of the modules, such as pipeline connections, electrical interfaces, control system interfaces, etc.

[0149] Determine the environmental adaptability requirements of the module, such as corrosion resistance, wind and wave resistance, etc.

[0150] S3.3, selecting candidate modules that meet the technical specifications from the modules on the market;

[0151] Specifically, the steps of selecting candidate modules that meet the technical specifications from the modules on the market are as follows:

[0152] (1) Market research:

[0153] Research the functional module suppliers available in the market.

[0154] Collect module technical information and product catalogs provided by various suppliers.

[0155] (2) Preliminary screening:

[0156] According to the requirements of the technical specifications, preliminary screening of modules on the market is carried out.

[0157] Identify a list of candidate modules that meet the basic technical requirements.

[0158] S3.4, perform performance evaluation on candidate modules;

[0159] Among them, performance evaluation includes evaluation of energy efficiency, reliability, and compatibility;

[0160] In this example, the specific steps for evaluating the performance of the candidate modules are:

[0161] S3.41, obtain the energy consumption data of the module under typical working conditions;

[0162] Among them, energy consumption data includes electricity consumption and fuel consumption;

[0163] S3.42 obtains the processing capability data of the module;

[0164] Among them, the processing capacity data includes daily processing capacity and maximum processing capacity;

[0165] S3.43, calculating the energy efficiency ratio, and comparing the energy efficiency ratios of all candidate modules, and selecting the module with the highest energy efficiency ratio;

[0166] Specifically, an example of calculating the energy efficiency ratio is:

[0167] If the daily processing capacity of a module is 100,000 barrels and the power consumption is 1,000 kWh, the energy efficiency ratio is:

[0168]

[0169] S3.44, obtain the failure rate data of the module, and obtain the mean time between failures and mean time to repair of the module;

[0170] Among them, the failure rate data includes the number of failures per year;

[0171] S3.45, calculating the reliability index, and comparing the reliability indexes of all candidate modules, and selecting the module with the highest reliability index;

[0172] Specifically, an example of calculating the reliability index is:

[0173] If the MTBF of a module is 1000 hours and the MTTR is 10 hours, the reliability index is:

[0174]

[0175] S3.46. Obtain the interface standard of the module and obtain the compatibility report of the module with the control system and the power system;

[0176] Among them, interface standards include pipeline connection, electrical interface, and control system interface;

[0177] S3.47, evaluating compatibility, obtaining a compatibility score, and comparing the compatibility scores of all candidate modules, and selecting a module with the highest compatibility score;

[0178] Specifically, the examples for evaluating compatibility are:

[0179] If a module has a piping interface compatibility score of 80 points, an electrical interface compatibility score of 90 points, and a control system interface compatibility score of 85 points, the compatibility score is:

[0180] CS = 80 + 90 + 85 = 255;

[0181] S3.48. Assign different weights to energy efficiency, reliability and compatibility, determine the weight values ​​according to project requirements, and calculate the comprehensive score of each module;

[0182] Specifically, the comprehensive score of each module is calculated as:

[0183] Comprehensive score = w1×energy efficiency ratio+w2×reliability index+w3×compatibility score;

[0184] Among them, w1 represents the weight of energy efficiency ratio; w2 represents the weight of reliability index; w3 represents the weight of compatibility score;

[0185] Assuming that the weight of energy efficiency ratio w1 = 0.4, the weight of reliability index w2 = 0.3, and the weight of compatibility score w3 = 0.3, the comprehensive score of a module is:

[0186] Comprehensive score = 0.4 × 100 + 0.3 × 100 + 0.3 × 255 = 40 + 30 + 76.5 = 146.5;

[0187] S3.49. Compare the comprehensive scores of all candidate modules and select the module with the highest comprehensive score as the final selected general function module.

[0188] S3.5. Finally, select the general function module.

[0189] Specifically, the functional modules include oil and gas processing module, compression and transmission module, water injection module, power station module, living module, and flare module, and the selected module leg spacing should match the hull rib spacing.

[0190] S3, classify and combine the modules selected in S2 according to processes and functions;

[0191] In this example, the specific steps for classifying and combining the modules selected by S2 according to processes and functions are as follows:

[0192] S4.1. Classify according to function and process flow;

[0193] Specifically, the categories classified according to function and process flow are:

[0194] (1) Classification by function:

[0195] Production processing module: responsible for the initial treatment and processing of raw materials, such as crude oil separator, dehydration unit, degassing unit, stabilization unit, etc.

[0196] Storage module: used to store intermediate products or final products, such as oil storage tanks, gas storage tanks, etc.

[0197] Living area module: provides living facilities for crew members, such as living cabins, restaurants, gyms, etc.

[0198] Utility module: Provides necessary utilities such as generator sets, compressors, cooling systems, etc.

[0199] Safety module: ensure the safety of production and life, such as fire protection system, emergency escape system, etc.

[0200] (2) Classification by process flow:

[0201] Upstream modules: Processing of raw materials, such as crude oil separators, dehydrators, degassers, etc.

[0202] Midstream module: Further processing of the materials after initial treatment, such as stabilization devices, cooling systems, etc.

[0203] Downstream module: Processing final products, such as oil storage tanks, gas storage tanks, etc. S4.2. Determine the input and output materials and energy of each module; specifically, determine the input and output materials and energy of each module as follows: Production processing module:

[0204] Crude oil separator:

[0205] Input: Crude oil and natural gas mixture;

[0206] Output: Crude oil, natural gas and water;

[0207] Dehydration device:

[0208] Input: Crude oil;

[0209] Output: Dry crude oil and water;

[0210] Degassing device:

[0211] Input: Crude oil;

[0212] Output: Crude oil and gas with gas removed;

[0213] Stabilization device:

[0214] Input: Crude oil;

[0215] Output: Stable crude oil;

[0216] Storage module:

[0217] Oil storage tank:

[0218] Input: Stabilized crude oil;

[0219] Output: stored crude oil;

[0220] gas tank:

[0221] Input: Natural gas;

[0222] Output: stored natural gas;

[0223] Utility Engineering Module:

[0224] Generator Set:

[0225] Input: Fuel (diesel or natural gas);

[0226] Output: electrical energy;

[0227] compressor:

[0228] Input: Natural gas;

[0229] Output: High pressure natural gas;

[0230] Cooling System:

[0231] Input: material to be cooled;

[0232] Output: Cooled material and waste heat.

[0233] S4.3. Use the drawing software AutoCAD to draw a detailed process flow chart, indicating the connection relationship of each module;

[0234] In this example, the detailed process flow chart is drawn using the drawing software AutoCAD, indicating the specific process of the connection relationship of each module:

[0235] S4.31. Open AutoCAD software and create a new drawing file;

[0236] S4.32. Draw icons for each module using standard process symbols;

[0237] S4.33. Use lines and arrows to connect the modules and indicate the flow of materials and energy;

[0238] S4.34. Add annotations and labels to the flowchart to indicate the function and connection relationship of each module.

[0239] S4.4. Determine the material transfer path between each module;

[0240] Specifically, the material transmission path between each module is determined as:

[0241] (1) Determine the pipeline specifications:

[0242] Select appropriate pipe specifications, including diameter, material and wall thickness, according to the properties and flow of the material.

[0243] (2) Design pipeline layout:

[0244] Draw a piping layout in AutoCAD, marking the starting and ending points of each pipeline.

[0245] Design a reasonable pipeline route to avoid unnecessary bends and narrow passages.

[0246] (3) Setting valve:

[0247] Valves are installed at key locations, such as inlets and outlets, branch points, and important control points.

[0248] Label each valve type and number, such as globe valve, ball valve, butterfly valve, etc.

[0249] S4.5. Determine the energy transfer path between each module.

[0250] Specifically, the energy transmission path between each module is determined as:

[0251] (1) Power transmission path:

[0252] From the generator set to each electrical equipment: Cables are led out from the generator set and connected to each electrical equipment, such as compressors, pumps, lighting systems, etc.

[0253] Power distribution cabinet setup: Power distribution cabinets are set up at key locations to distribute and manage electricity.

[0254] Cable selection: Select appropriate cable specifications based on current and voltage requirements.

[0255] (2) Heat energy transfer path:

[0256] From cooling system to equipment that needs cooling: Lead cooling water pipes from the cooling system and connect them to equipment that needs cooling.

[0257] Waste heat recovery: Design a waste heat recovery system to use waste heat for preheating raw materials or other purposes.

[0258] Insulation measures: Take insulation measures on heat transmission pipelines to reduce heat loss.

[0259] S4. Arrange and arrange the selected functional modules according to the security division;

[0260] In this example, the specific steps of arranging the selected functional modules according to the security division are as follows:

[0261] S5.1. Analyze each functional module, identify the hazard source, and assess the risk level;

[0262] Specifically, the steps to analyze each functional module, identify the hazard source, and assess the risk level are as follows:

[0263] (1) Collect module information:

[0264] Collect technical information for each functional module, including equipment list, process flow, operating procedures, etc.

[0265] Understand the working principle, operating conditions and potential hazards of the module.

[0266] (2) List potential sources of danger:

[0267] According to the characteristics of the module, list the possible sources of danger, such as flammable and explosive substances, toxic and hazardous substances, high temperature and high pressure equipment, mechanical moving parts, etc.

[0268] For example:

[0269] Crude oil separator: Inflammable and explosive crude oil and natural gas may be present.

[0270] Oil storage tanks: Large quantities of flammable crude oil may be present.

[0271] Generator sets: Engines and fuel systems that may be subject to high temperatures and pressures.

[0272] (3) Assess the risk level:

[0273] Collect historical data, industry statistics, expert opinions, etc. to determine the probability of each hazardous event;

[0274] The probability of occurrence of each dangerous event P is:

[0275]

[0276] For example, the probability of sealing material aging is 0.005, the probability of improper seal installation is 0.002, the probability of operator error is 0.01, and the probability of control system failure is 0.003.

[0277] Based on the calculated risk level, risks are divided into different levels, such as low risk and high risk.

[0278] Risk grading criteria:

[0279] Low risk: P < 0.01;

[0280] High risk: P ≥ 0.1.

[0281] S5.2. Develop a safety zoning plan based on risk levels;

[0282] In this example, the security partition scheme is as follows:

[0283] S5.21. Divide the entire project area into different safety zones;

[0284] Among them, the safe areas include production areas, storage areas, office areas, and living areas;

[0285] S5.21. Each area should have clear boundaries and be marked with signs;

[0286] S5.21. Establish physical isolation zones between high-risk areas and low-risk areas;

[0287] S5.21. Isolation belts are of high strength and height to prevent unauthorized persons from entering high-risk areas;

[0288] S5.25. Plan emergency evacuation routes in each area to ensure that people can evacuate quickly in an emergency;

[0289] S5.26. Evacuation routes should be kept unobstructed and clearly marked.

[0290] S5.3. Place high-risk modules away from living and office areas;

[0291] S5.4. Place low-risk modules close to living and office areas.

[0292] S5. Design the connection of pipelines, electrical / instrument cables between modules;

[0293] In this example, the specific steps for designing the connection of pipelines, electrical / instrument cables between modules are as follows:

[0294] S6.1. Draw a pipeline connection diagram between modules and clearly define the starting and ending points of each pipeline;

[0295] Specifically, the type of pipeline (such as oil pipe, gas pipe, water pipe) and specifications (such as diameter, material) need to be marked;

[0296] S6.2. Plan the laying path of pipelines to avoid conflicts with electrical and instrument cables;

[0297] S6.3. Design pipeline supports and fixtures to ensure that the pipeline remains stable under the action of waves and wind;

[0298] S6.4. Draw the electrical and instrument cable connections between modules, clearly identifying the starting and ending points of each cable;

[0299] Specifically, the cable type (such as power cable, control cable, communication cable) and specifications (such as cross-section, material) need to be marked;

[0300] S6.5. Plan the laying path of cables to avoid conflicts with pipelines;

[0301] S6.6. Design cable supports and protective devices to ensure that the cables remain stable under the action of waves and wind.

[0302] S6. Complete the overall design and adaptive adjustments, and enter the construction after review and confirmation.

[0303] In this example, the specific steps to complete the overall design and adaptive adjustment and enter the construction after review and confirmation are as follows:

[0304] S7.1. Systematically integrate the design results of all modules to ensure the coordination and consistency among the modules;

[0305] Specifically, the process of systematically integrating the design results of all modules to ensure the coordination and consistency among the modules is as follows:

[0306] (1) Collect design results:

[0307] Collect design drawings, technical documents and specifications of all functional modules.

[0308] Ensure that the design results of each module are complete and accurate.

[0309] (2) System Integration:

[0310] Computer-aided design (CAD) software is used to integrate the design results of all modules into an overall system.

[0311] Ensure that the interfaces and connections between modules are correct.

[0312] Check that material and energy flow paths between modules are clear.

[0313] (3) Coordination and consistency:

[0314] Ensure that the dimensions, interface standards and operating parameters are consistent between modules.

[0315] Coordinate the control systems and communication networks between modules to ensure normal data transmission and monitoring functions.

[0316] S7.2. Verify the performance of the overall system to ensure that all modules can work together;

[0317] Specifically, the process of verifying the performance of the overall system to ensure that all modules can work together is as follows:

[0318] (1) Develop a verification plan:

[0319] Develop a detailed performance verification plan, including verification objectives, verification methods, verification standards, and verification steps.

[0320] Identify key performance indicators that need to be verified, such as processing power, energy efficiency, safety performance, etc.

[0321] (2) Simulation test:

[0322] Use simulation software to simulate the entire system and verify the collaborative working effect between modules.

[0323] Simulate system operation under different working conditions, such as normal operation, fault conditions, emergency shutdown, etc.

[0324] (3) Field test:

[0325] Conduct field tests in the laboratory or on a proving ground to verify the actual performance of the system.

[0326] Record test data and analyze the stability and reliability of system operation.

[0327] (4) Performance evaluation:

[0328] Based on the test results, evaluate whether the overall performance of the system meets the design requirements.

[0329] Identify problems and deficiencies in the system and make suggestions for improvement.

[0330] S7.3. Make preliminary adjustments to the design based on the performance verification results;

[0331] Specifically, based on the performance verification results, the steps for preliminary adjustment of the design are:

[0332] (1) Problem Analysis:

[0333] Perform detailed analysis on the problems found during performance verification to determine the causes of the problems.

[0334] Record the specific manifestations and impact of the problem.

[0335] (2) Formulate improvement measures:

[0336] Based on the results of problem analysis, formulate corresponding improvement measures.

[0337] Modify design drawings and technical documents, and update module interfaces and connection relationships.

[0338] (3) Initial Adjustment:

[0339] Make preliminary adjustments in the system integration model to ensure that the improvement measures are effectively implemented.

[0340] Check whether the adjusted system is still coordinated.

[0341] S7.4. Conduct detailed inspection on the adjusted design to ensure that all adjustments meet technical requirements and safety standards;

[0342] Specifically, the process of conducting a detailed inspection of the adjusted design to ensure that all adjustments meet technical requirements and safety standards is as follows:

[0343] (1) Detailed inspection:

[0344] Conduct a comprehensive check on the adjusted design to ensure that the interfaces, connections and operating parameters of all modules meet the technical requirements.

[0345] Check the safety performance of the system to ensure compliance with national and industry safety standards.

[0346] (2) Technical review:

[0347] Organize internal technical reviews and invite experts in related fields to review the adjusted designs.

[0348] Collect review opinions and further optimize the design.

[0349] (3) Document update:

[0350] Update design drawings, technical documents and specifications to ensure all documents are consistent with the adjusted design.

[0351] Archive all design documents to ensure document integrity and traceability.

[0352] S7.5. After review and confirmation, construction can begin.

[0353] Specifically, the steps for entering into construction after review and confirmation are as follows:

[0354] (1) Internal Review:

[0355] Organize an internal review team to conduct a final review of the adjusted design.

[0356] Confirm the accuracy and completeness of all design documents and drawings.

[0357] (2) External Approval:

[0358] Submit design documents to relevant regulatory agencies for review and approval, and obtain necessary licenses and approvals.

[0359] Ensure that all design documents comply with legal and regulatory requirements.

[0360] (3) Preparation of construction drawings:

[0361] Prepare detailed construction drawings and technical documents to guide construction.

[0362] Ensure that construction drawings are clear and accurate so that construction personnel can understand and execute them easily.

[0363] (4) Prepare construction plan:

[0364] Develop a detailed construction plan, including construction schedule, construction sequence, resource allocation, etc.

[0365] Ensure that the construction plan is reasonable and feasible and meets the project schedule requirements.

[0366] (5) Start construction:

[0367] Organize construction teams and conduct technical briefings and safety training.

[0368] Start construction and carry out construction strictly in accordance with design drawings and technical documents.

[0369] Embodiment 2:

[0370] The following will be combined with the attached embodiment of the present invention Figure 1-3 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0371] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0372] Furthermore, it should be understood that for the sake of ease of description, the sizes of the various components shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportions. For example, the thickness or width of certain layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.

[0373] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined or described in one drawing, it will not require further detailed discussion and description in the description of the subsequent drawings.

[0374] FPSO is an offshore floating production, storage and offloading device that integrates production, oil storage and oil unloading. FPSO consists of a hull and an upper module. The upper module is responsible for processing oil and gas, and the hull is responsible for storing qualified crude oil. FPSO usually requires customized design of the hull and upper module for specific projects, which has a long design period and is not conducive to the mass construction of FPSO. For this reason, the applicant proposes a design process and method of upper module applicable to general FPSO to solve the above problems.

[0375] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0376] S1. Select a general-purpose FPSO hull based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area and mooring method;

[0377] It should be noted that the selection of the applicable universal FPSO hull 11&12 according to the scale of oil and gas processing, the sea conditions of the operating sea area and the mooring method mentioned in step S1 refers to selecting the applicable ship types 11&12 from the universal FPSO hull series according to the key parameters as the basis for subsequent design.

[0378] S2. Comprehensively consider environmental data, process flow, and hull scale parameters to select general function modules;

[0379] It should be noted that the selection of applicable general function modules by comprehensively considering environmental data, process flow, hull dimensions and other parameters mentioned in step S2 refers to selecting applicable modules (such as Figure 2 ) is used for subsequent design, where the functional modules include but are not limited to oil and gas processing module, compression and transmission module, water injection module, power station module, living module, flare module, etc. The selected modules (such as Figure 2 ) The outrigger spacing should match the hull rib spacing.

[0380] S3, classify and combine the modules selected in S2 according to processes and functions;

[0381] It should be noted that the classification and combination of the modules selected in S2 according to the process and function mentioned in step S3 refers to classifying modules with similar functions into the same combination, and grouping different modules according to the order of the process for preliminary arrangement.

[0382] S4. Arrange and arrange the selected functional modules according to the security division;

[0383] It should be noted that the arrangement of the selected functional modules according to the safety division mentioned in step S4 refers to the module combination preliminarily determined in S3, the process flow FPSO functional zoning requirements, combined with the hull and ship type, the process area 31, non-dangerous area 32, pipe gallery 33, living area 34 and other areas are divided in the length direction of the ship, and different module combinations are arranged in the corresponding partitions. When arranging, the module fulcrum position should correspond to the hull rib position to realize the load transfer between the module and the hull.

[0384] S5. Design the connection of pipelines, electrical / instrument cables between modules;

[0385] It should be noted that the connection design of pipelines, electrical / instrument cables, etc. between modules mentioned in step S5 refers to the connection design of each common functional module (such as Figure 2 ) in the process relationship, plan the direction and layout of pipelines, electrical / instrument cables between modules, and connect the reserved interfaces between modules with pipelines and electrical / instrument cables.

[0386] S6. Complete the overall design and adaptive adjustments, and enter the construction after review and confirmation.

[0387] It should be noted that the completion of the overall design and adaptive adjustments mentioned in step S6, and the entry into construction after review and confirmation, means that after completing the work in the above steps, it is necessary to conduct an overall review of the overall design plan and make adaptive local adjustments to the overall design for specific projects to ensure the feasibility of the design plan.

[0388] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0389] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A general functional module design process and method applicable to FPSO, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Select a general-purpose FPSO hull based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area and mooring method; S2. Comprehensively consider environmental data, process flow, and hull scale parameters to select general function modules; S3, classify and combine the modules selected in S2 according to processes and functions; S4. Arrange and arrange the selected functional modules according to the security division; S5. Design the connection of pipelines, electrical / instrument cables between modules; S6. Complete the overall design and adaptive adjustments, and enter the construction after review and confirmation.

2. The general functional module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the specific steps of selecting a general-purpose FPSO hull according to the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area and mooring method are as follows: S2.

1. Conduct a preliminary assessment based on the scale of oil and gas processing, sea conditions in the operating area and the planned mooring method; Among them, sea conditions include wind speed, wave height, and current speed; S2.

2. Based on the evaluation results, select the general FPSO hull model that meets the requirements from the database; S2.

3. Conduct technical and economic analysis on the selected hull model to determine the most suitable hull; Among them, technical and economic analysis includes construction cost, operation cost and maintenance cost.

3. The general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the specific steps of selecting the general function module by comprehensively considering the environmental data, process flow, and hull scale parameters are as follows: S3.

1. Collect and analyze historical environmental data of the operating sea area; Among them, historical environmental data include meteorological and hydrological information; S3.

2. Develop technical specifications for functional modules based on the oil and gas processing process and hull size restrictions; S3.3, selecting candidate modules that meet the technical specifications from the modules on the market; S3.4, perform performance evaluation on candidate modules; Among them, performance evaluation includes evaluation of energy efficiency, reliability, and compatibility; S3.

5. Finally, select the general function module.

4. The general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S3.4, the specific steps of performing performance evaluation on the candidate modules are: S3.41, obtain the energy consumption data of the module under typical working conditions; Among them, energy consumption data includes electricity consumption and fuel consumption; S3.42 obtains the processing capability data of the module; Among them, the processing capacity data includes daily processing capacity and maximum processing capacity; S3.43, calculating the energy efficiency ratio, and comparing the energy efficiency ratios of all candidate modules, and selecting the module with the highest energy efficiency ratio; S3.44, obtain the failure rate data of the module, and obtain the mean time between failures and mean time to repair of the module; Among them, the failure rate data includes the number of failures per year; S3.45, calculating the reliability index, and comparing the reliability indexes of all candidate modules, and selecting the module with the highest reliability index; S3.

46. Obtain the interface standard of the module and obtain the compatibility report of the module with the control system and the power system; Among them, interface standards include pipeline connection, electrical interface, and control system interface; S3.47, evaluating compatibility, obtaining a compatibility score, and comparing the compatibility scores of all candidate modules, and selecting a module with the highest compatibility score; S3.

48. Assign different weights to energy efficiency, reliability and compatibility, determine the weight values ​​according to project requirements, and calculate the comprehensive score of each module; S3.

49. Compare the comprehensive scores of all candidate modules and select the module with the highest comprehensive score as the final selected general function module.

5. The general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the specific steps of classifying and combining the modules selected in S2 according to the processes and functions are as follows: S4.

1. Classify according to function and process flow; S4.

2. Determine the input and output materials and energy of each module; S4.

3. Use the drawing software AutoCAD to draw a detailed process flow chart, indicating the connection relationship of each module; S4.

4. Determine the material transfer path between each module; S4.

5. Determine the energy transfer path between each module.

6. The general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S4.3, a detailed process flow chart is drawn using the drawing software AutoCAD, and the specific process of indicating the connection relationship of each module is as follows: S4.

31. Open AutoCAD software and create a new drawing file; S4.

32. Draw icons for each module using standard process symbols; S4.

33. Use lines and arrows to connect the modules and indicate the flow of materials and energy; S4.

34. Add annotations and labels to the flowchart to indicate the function and connection relationship of each module.

7. The general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the specific steps of arranging the selected functional modules according to the security division are: S5.

1. Analyze each functional module, identify the hazard source, and assess the risk level; S5.

2. Develop a safety zoning plan based on risk levels; S5.

3. Place high-risk modules away from living and office areas; S5.

4. Place low-risk modules close to living and office areas.

8. The general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S5.2, the security partitioning scheme is specifically as follows: S5.

21. Divide the entire project area into different safety zones; Among them, the safe areas include production areas, storage areas, office areas, and living areas; S5.

21. Each area should have clear boundaries and be marked with signs; S5.

21. Establish physical isolation zones between high-risk areas and low-risk areas; S5.

21. Isolation belts are of high strength and height to prevent unauthorized persons from entering high-risk areas; S5.

25. Plan emergency evacuation routes in each area to ensure that people can evacuate quickly in an emergency; S5.

26. Evacuation routes should be kept unobstructed and clearly marked.

9. The general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the specific steps of designing the connection of pipelines, electrical / instrument cables between modules are as follows: S6.

1. Draw a pipeline connection diagram between modules and clearly define the starting and ending points of each pipeline; S6.

2. Plan the laying path of pipelines to avoid conflicts with electrical and instrument cables; S6.

3. Design pipeline supports and fixtures to ensure that the pipeline remains stable under the action of waves and wind; S6.

4. Draw the electrical and instrument cable connections between modules, clearly identifying the starting and ending points of each cable; S6.

5. Plan the laying path of cables to avoid conflicts with pipelines; S6.

6. Design cable supports and protective devices to ensure that the cables remain stable under the action of waves and wind.

10. The general function module design process and method applicable to FPSO according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, the overall design and adaptive adjustment are completed, and the specific steps for entering the construction after review and confirmation are as follows: S7.

1. Systematically integrate the design results of all modules to ensure the coordination and consistency among the modules; S7.

2. Verify the performance of the overall system to ensure that all modules can work together; S7.

3. Make preliminary adjustments to the design based on the performance verification results; S7.

4. Conduct detailed inspection on the adjusted design to ensure that all adjustments meet technical requirements and safety standards; S7.

5. After review and confirmation, construction can begin.

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