Enamel wet-process two-spraying and one-firing ground glaze slip and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an enamel wet-process two-spraying and one-firing ground glaze slip and a preparation method thereof. The glaze slip is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of ground glaze material, 4 to 8 parts of clay, 0.3 to 0.8 part of grinding additive A, 0.1 to 0.3 part of grinding additive B, 0.2 to 0.6 part of grinding additive C, 0.4 to 1.0 part of borax, 0.1 to 0.5 part of sodium nitrite and 40 to 60 parts of water, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials; (2) ball milling; and (3) sieving and standing to obtain a finished product. The glaze slip is fine in granularity, strong in adhesive force, good in leveling property and good in low-temperature adherence, wet-process cover glaze can be immediately sprayed on a steel plate after the glaze slip is sprayed on the steel plate, one-time firing bottoming is performed after drying, the process is simple, the production efficiency is high, the production cost is low, a colloidal film layer is easily formed on the sprayed surface, and the sprayed surface is not liable to permeate into the cover glaze layer, so that the ceramic surface is smooth, fine, pinhole-free and non-transparent, and the service life of the glaze slip is prolonged. And no black is exposed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of enamel glaze slurry, and more particularly to an enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Enamel products refer to products obtained by coating enamel glaze on the surface of metal blanks, which are usually referred to as enamel. It has the mechanical strength of metal and the physical and chemical properties of enamel, and is decorative. Enamel products are usually divided into daily enamel, sanitary enamel, industrial enamel, architectural enamel, medical enamel, artistic enamel and special enamel according to their uses.

[0003] At present, there are basically two ways to prime enamel products on the market, namely, electrostatic dry two-spray one-fire priming and wet base glaze priming. Among them, electrostatic dry two-spray one-fire priming has high production efficiency, low labor intensity, and relatively high degree of automation, but the material cost is high, some colors are easy to show through the bottom and black, and there is a lot of dust, which seriously affects the health of operators. Moreover, with the diversification of colors and shapes of decorative enamel plates, some colors of electrostatic dry two-spray one-fire priming can no longer meet customer needs, and wet base glaze priming must be used to produce the corresponding color effects.

[0004] At present, the wet-process base glaze primer on the market is basically wet-process two-spraying and two-firing primer. The specific production method is to first spray the base glaze on the steel plate, fire and cool it, and then spray the top glaze and continue firing. However, this method requires two spraying and two firings, and the firing temperature is high, which seriously affects the production efficiency and increases the production cost.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the production efficiency of wet-process base glaze coating while saving costs is an urgent problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing base glaze slurry and a preparation method thereof to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A porcelain enamel wet process two-spraying one-firing bottom glaze slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of bottom glaze, 4-8 parts of clay, 0.3-0.8 parts of grinding additive A, 0.1-0.3 parts of grinding additive B, 0.2-0.6 parts of grinding additive C, 0.4-1.0 parts of borax, 0.1-0.5 parts of sodium nitrite and 40-60 parts of water.

[0009] Preferably, the base glaze comprises 100 parts of base glaze, 4 parts of clay, 0.4 parts of grinding additive A, 0.15 parts of grinding additive B, 0.3 parts of grinding additive C, 0.5 parts of borax, 0.25 parts of sodium nitrite and 50 parts of water.

[0010] Or, preferably: 100 parts of base glaze, 5 parts of clay, 0.4 parts of grinding additive A, 0.15 parts of grinding additive B, 0.3 parts of grinding additive C, 0.5 parts of borax, 0.25 parts of sodium nitrite and 50 parts of water.

[0011] Or, preferably: 100 parts of base glaze, 4 parts of clay, 0.56 parts of grinding additive A, 0.15 parts of grinding additive B, 0.4 parts of grinding additive C, 0.5 parts of borax, 0.25 parts of sodium nitrite and 50 parts of water.

[0012] Or, preferably: 100 parts of base glaze, 4 parts of clay, 0.4 parts of grinding additive A, 0.2 parts of grinding additive B, 0.3 parts of grinding additive C, 0.5 parts of borax, 0.25 parts of sodium nitrite and 50 parts of water.

[0013] Furthermore, the above-mentioned base glaze is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: SiO2 30%-50%, B2O3 10%-20%, Al2O3 3%-8%, CaO 1%-5%, TiO2 2%-8%, BaO 1%-5%, Na2O 10%-20%, K2O 3%-8%, MgO 0.5%-1.0%, CaF2 3%-8%, ZnO 1%-4%, CoO 0.2%-0.8%, CuO 0.3%-1.0%, NiO 0.3%-1.0% and MnO2 0.2%-0.8%.

[0014] A further beneficial effect of adopting the above is that the present invention utilizes the strong fluxing effect of Na2O and K2O through the overall ratio of the above components, combined with CaF2 fluxing, and CoO, CuO, NiO and MnO2 to promote close adhesion and then interact with other components.

[0015] Furthermore, the above-mentioned clay is kaolin.

[0016] A further beneficial effect of the above method is that the kaolin selected in the present invention is a suspending agent, which can ensure the suspension and viscosity of the glaze slurry and facilitate operations such as spraying.

[0017] Furthermore, the grinding additive A is a rheological additive.

[0018] A further beneficial effect of the above method is that the rheological additive selected in the present invention can enhance and promote the suspension and viscosity of the glaze slurry, reduce the amount of kaolin used, and avoid water seepage and bottom penetration caused by excessive kaolin.

[0019] Furthermore, the grinding additive B is a temporary adhesive.

[0020] A further beneficial effect of the above is that the temporary adhesive selected in the present invention can increase the bonding force between the base glaze and the clay, and can improve the touch resistance of the glaze surface. This helps to form a good bond between the glaze and the body, preventing the glaze from flowing on the surface and the glaze from shrinking at the edges.

[0021] Furthermore, the grinding additive C is sodium silicate.

[0022] A further beneficial effect of the above method is that the sodium silicate selected in the present invention can increase the thixotropy of the glaze slurry, so that the glaze slurry can quickly harden into a film on the surface after spraying, thereby reducing the risk of bottom see-through.

[0023] A method for preparing a glaze slurry of a wet-process two-spraying and one-firing enamel, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0024] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the weight proportion of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spray one-fire bottom glaze slurry;

[0025] (2) ball-milling the raw materials to obtain ball-milled slurry;

[0026] (3) Screen the ball mill slurry and let it stand to obtain the enamel wet process two-spray one-fire bottom glaze slurry.

[0027] Furthermore, in the above step (2), the ball milling speed is 1300-1500 r / min and the time is 10-30 min.

[0028] Furthermore, in the above step (3), the mesh number of the sieve is 150 mesh, and the bulk density is 1.6-1.7 g / mL; and the standing time is 10-20 min.

[0029] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. In the present invention, the three grinding additives provide the glaze slurry with certain thixotropy, suspension and film-forming properties, ensuring that the wet-process bottom glaze is not easy to penetrate into the top glaze; borax and sodium nitrite provide electrolytes for the slurry, ensuring the suspension of the slurry and protecting the steel plate from corrosion and rust.

[0031] 2. The glaze slurry of the present invention has fine particle size, strong adhesion, good leveling property, and good low-temperature adhesion. After spraying on the steel plate, the wet glaze can be sprayed immediately, and the base can be fired once after drying. The process is simple, the production efficiency is high, and the production cost is low. Moreover, a gel-like film layer is easily formed on the surface after spraying, and it is not easy to penetrate into the glaze layer, thereby ensuring that the porcelain surface is smooth and delicate, without pinholes, bottom penetration, and no black exposure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the following examples, the model of kaolin is F00801, and the manufacturer is COLOROBBIA.

[0034] Name of rheological additive: CRS, manufacturer: Elementis GmbH, batch number: 1007Z10104;

[0035] Name of temporary adhesive: C1000G, manufacturer: Sima Chemical (Foshan) Co., Ltd.;

[0036] Sodium silicate (analytical grade) manufacturer: Shanghai Zhanyun Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Enamel wet process two-spray one-fired base glaze slurry, including the following raw materials by weight: base glaze 100g, kaolin 4g, rheological additive 0.4g, temporary adhesive 0.15g, sodium silicate 0.3g, borax 0.5g, sodium nitrite 0.25g and water 50g;

[0039] The base glaze is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: SiO2 43.27 g, B2O3 14.30 g, Al2O3 3.61 g, CaO 1.93 g, TiO2 3.44 g, BaO 1.78 g, Na2O 18.49 g, K2O 4.28 g, MgO 0.73 g, CaF2 4.59 g, ZnO 1.15 g, CoO 0.57 g, CuO 0.57 g, NiO 0.72 g and MnO2 0.57 g;

[0040] The preparation method of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry specifically comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) The weight of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spray one-fired bottom glaze slurry is accurately weighed with an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01g and then loaded into a standard ball mill jar with a capacity of 1L of a fast ball mill;

[0042] (2) fixing the ball mill jar on a ball mill fixture, and ball milling for 30 min at a rotation speed of 1400 r / min to obtain a ball mill slurry;

[0043] (3) The ball mill slurry is sieved through a 150-mesh sieve to a bulk density of 1.6 g / mL and allowed to stand for 20 min to obtain the enamel wet process two-spray one-fire base glaze slurry.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Enamel wet process two-spray one-fired base glaze slurry, including the following raw materials by weight: base glaze 100g, kaolin 5g, rheological additive 0.4g, temporary adhesive 0.15g, sodium silicate 0.3g, borax 0.5g, sodium nitrite 0.25g and water 50g;

[0046] The base glaze is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: SiO2 43.27 g, B2O3 14.30 g, Al2O3 3.61 g, CaO 1.93 g, TiO2 3.44 g, BaO 1.78 g, Na2O 18.49 g, K2O 4.28 g, MgO 0.73 g, CaF2 4.59 g, ZnO 1.15 g, CoO 0.57 g, CuO 0.57 g, NiO 0.72 g and MnO2 0.57 g;

[0047] The preparation method of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry specifically comprises the following steps:

[0048] (1) The weight of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spray one-fired bottom glaze slurry is accurately weighed with an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01g and then loaded into a standard ball mill jar with a capacity of 1L of a fast ball mill;

[0049] (2) fixing the ball mill jar on a ball mill fixture, and ball milling for 30 min at a rotation speed of 1400 r / min to obtain a ball mill slurry;

[0050] (3) The ball mill slurry is sieved through a 150-mesh sieve to a bulk density of 1.6 g / mL and allowed to stand for 20 min to obtain the enamel wet process two-spray one-fire base glaze slurry.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] Enamel wet process two-spray one-fired base glaze slurry, including the following raw materials by weight: base glaze 100g, kaolin 4g, rheological additive 0.56g, temporary adhesive 0.15g, sodium silicate 0.4g, borax 0.5g, sodium nitrite 0.25g and water 50g;

[0053] The base glaze is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: SiO2 43.27 g, B2O3 14.30 g, Al2O3 3.61 g, CaO 1.93 g, TiO2 3.44 g, BaO 1.78 g, Na2O 18.49 g, K2O 4.28 g, MgO 0.73 g, CaF2 4.59 g, ZnO 1.15 g, CoO 0.57 g, CuO 0.57 g, NiO 0.72 g and MnO2 0.57 g;

[0054] The preparation method of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry specifically comprises the following steps:

[0055] (1) The weight of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spray one-fired bottom glaze slurry is accurately weighed with an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01g and then loaded into a standard ball mill jar with a capacity of 1L of a fast ball mill;

[0056] (2) fixing the ball mill jar on a ball mill fixture, and ball milling for 30 min at a rotation speed of 1400 r / min to obtain a ball mill slurry;

[0057] (3) The ball mill slurry is sieved through a 150-mesh sieve to a bulk density of 1.6 g / mL and allowed to stand for 20 min to obtain the enamel wet process two-spray one-fire base glaze slurry.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] Enamel wet process two-spray one-fired base glaze slurry, including the following raw materials by weight: base glaze 100g, kaolin 4g, rheological additive 0.4g, temporary adhesive 0.2g, sodium silicate 0.3g, borax 0.5g, sodium nitrite 0.25g and water 50g;

[0060] The base glaze is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: SiO2 43.27 g, B2O3 14.30 g, Al2O3 3.61 g, CaO 1.93 g, TiO2 3.44 g, BaO 1.78 g, Na2O 18.49 g, K2O 4.28 g, MgO 0.73 g, CaF2 4.59 g, ZnO 1.15 g, CoO 0.57 g, CuO 0.57 g, NiO 0.72 g and MnO2 0.57 g;

[0061] The preparation method of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry specifically comprises the following steps:

[0062] (1) The weight of the above-mentioned enamel wet process two-spray one-fired bottom glaze slurry is accurately weighed with an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01g and then loaded into a standard ball mill jar with a capacity of 1L of a fast ball mill;

[0063] (2) fixing the ball mill jar on a ball mill fixture, and ball milling for 30 min at a rotation speed of 1400 r / min to obtain a ball mill slurry;

[0064] (3) The ball mill slurry is passed through a 150-mesh sieve and allowed to stand for 20 minutes to obtain a glaze slurry of a wet-process two-spray-one-fired enamel base glaze with a bulk density of 1.6 g / mL.

[0065] Performance Testing

[0066] Take the enamel wet method two-spraying one-firing bottom glaze slurry prepared in Examples 1-4 (the specific formula is shown in Table 1), and prepare enamel plates according to the following steps:

[0067] (1) Weigh

[0068] Weigh the enamel wet process two-spray one-fire bottom glaze slurry;

[0069] (2) Base glaze and top glaze slurry spraying

[0070] By wet spraying, the enamel wet two-spray one-fired base glaze slurry is sprayed on the pre-primed slab, the spraying thickness is 30-50μm, the distance between the gun nozzle and the slab is 20cm, the moving speed of the spray gun is 6cm / s, the angle between the gun nozzle and the slab is 90°, after spraying the base glaze, the wet top glaze is sprayed immediately in the same way, and the spraying thickness of the top glaze is 70-90μm;

[0071] (3) Drying

[0072] Place the sprayed enamel plate in a drying oven at 120°C and dry it until the surface turns white and is free of water.

[0073] (4) Firing

[0074] The dried enamel panels were fired under the following three process conditions:

[0075] 820℃, 4min;

[0076] 840℃, 4min;

[0077] 860℃,4min.

[0078] The enamel panels fired at different temperatures under the above process conditions were tested for porcelain layer thickness, adhesion grade (GB / T31567-2015) and visual porcelain surface quality. The main observation indicators were: the presence of pinholes, severity of orange peel wrinkles, and the presence of enamel nodules.

[0079] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0080] Table 1 Specific formula of enamel slurry of Example 1-4 wet process two-spray one-fired bottom glaze

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] Table 2 Test results of enamel slurry of wet two-spray one-fired enamel of Examples 1-4

[0084]

[0085] It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that in Examples 1-4, when the masses of the components are different and the firing processes are different, the adhesion and porcelain surface quality of the enamel plates are good, the porcelain surface is smooth and delicate, without pinholes, without bottom transparency or black exposure, and slight orange peel texture.

[0086] The above experiments show that the glaze slurry of the present invention has fine particle size, strong adhesion, good leveling property, good low-temperature adhesion, and can be sprayed with wet glaze immediately after spraying on the steel plate, and fired once after drying to form a primer. The process is simple, the production efficiency is high, the production cost is low, and a gel-like film layer is easily formed on the surface after spraying, which is not easy to penetrate into the glaze layer, thereby ensuring that the porcelain surface is smooth and delicate, without pinholes, bottom penetration, and no black exposure.

[0087] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A wet-process two-spraying and one-firing enamel slurry, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base glaze, 4-8 parts of clay, 0.3-0.8 parts of grinding additive A, 0.1-0.3 parts of grinding additive B, 0.2-0.6 parts of grinding additive C, 0.4-1.0 parts of borax, 0.1-0.5 parts of sodium nitrite and 40-60 parts of water.

2. The enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base glaze, 4 parts of clay, 0.4 parts of grinding additive A, 0.15 parts of grinding additive B, 0.3 parts of grinding additive C, 0.5 parts of borax, 0.25 parts of sodium nitrite and 50 parts of water.

3. The enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base glaze, 5 parts of clay, 0.4 parts of grinding additive A, 0.15 parts of grinding additive B, 0.3 parts of grinding additive C, 0.5 parts of borax, 0.25 parts of sodium nitrite and 50 parts of water.

4. The enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base glaze, 4 parts of clay, 0.56 parts of grinding additive A, 0.15 parts of grinding additive B, 0.4 parts of grinding additive C, 0.5 parts of borax, 0.25 parts of sodium nitrite and 50 parts of water.

5. The enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base glaze, 4 parts of clay, 0.4 parts of grinding additive A, 0.2 parts of grinding additive B, 0.3 parts of grinding additive C, 0.5 parts of borax, 0.25 parts of sodium nitrite and 50 parts of water.

6. The enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The base glaze is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: SiO2 30%-50%, B2O3 10%-20%, Al2O3 3%-8%, CaO 1%-5%, TiO2 2%-8%, BaO 1%-5%, Na2O 10%-20%, K2O 3%-8%, MgO 0.5%-1.0%, CaF2 3%-8%, ZnO 1%-4%, CoO 0.2%-0.8%, CuO 0.3%-1.0%, NiO 0.3%-1.0% and MnO2 0.2%-0.8%.

7. The enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The clay is kaolin.

8. The enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The grinding additive A is a rheological additive; the grinding additive B is a temporary adhesive; and the grinding additive C is sodium silicate.

9. A method for preparing a glaze slurry for a wet-process two-spraying and one-firing enamel, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportions of the enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing base glaze slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 8; (2) ball-milling the raw materials to obtain ball-milled slurry; (3) Screening the ball mill slurry and letting it stand to obtain the enamel wet process two-spraying and one-firing bottom glaze slurry.

10. The method for preparing a enamel wet two-spray one-fire bottom glaze slurry according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step (2), the rotation speed of the ball mill is 1300-1500 r / min, and the time is 10-30 min; in step (3), the mesh number of the sieving sieve is 150 mesh, and the bulk density is 1.6-1.7 g / mL; and the standing time is 10-20 min.

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